JP4161002B1 - building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a building that can be used by accurately evaluating the function of a wall panel against a horizontal external force such as an earthquake.
A frame structure 11 in which a plurality of columns 2,... And beams 31, 32,... Horizontally mounted above and below are joined, and ends thereof are connected to the upper and lower beams 31, 32, respectively. It is the building unit 1 comprised by the outer wall panel 5 provided with the flame | frame 51 and hard-wood piece cement board 52 for attaching to a plurality of intermediate pillars 4 ... which are attached.
The frame 51 and the stud 4 are joined by a plurality of rivets 6, and when a horizontal external force larger than the design value is applied, the joint between the frame 51 and the hard wood cement board 52 is not broken, and the rivet hole 4a. Is plastically deformed.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a building having excellent proof strength when a horizontal external force larger than a design value is applied due to an earthquake or strong wind.

  Conventionally, a structure of a unit building is known in which a frame structure is constructed by spanning a ceiling beam and a floor beam between columns arranged at corners, and an outer wall panel is attached to the column arranged between the columns ( (See Patent Document 1).

  Patent Document 2 discloses a structure in which a proof strength is improved by arranging a bracing bearing wall on a frame structure formed by combining a plurality of columns and a beam horizontally mounted on the upper end of the pillar. ing. The load bearing wall is considered as a structural member in the structural calculation like the columns and beams, and the design load resistance of the building differs depending on the presence / absence and location of the load bearing wall.

Furthermore, in Patent Document 3, an outer wall panel attached to a building unit of a steel frame ramen structure via a stud is not considered as an earthquake-resistant structural member in design, but when a horizontal external force actually acts by an earthquake, It is disclosed that the function of suppressing the deformation of the unit is exhibited.
JP-A-8-60765 JP 2002-138702 A JP 2005-350964 A

  However, in a conventional frame structure such as a steel frame rigid frame structure, the wall panels such as the studs and the outer wall panels attached to them are ignored in the structural design calculation. It is difficult to receive evaluation on design.

  Moreover, if it is not designed as a structural member, the seismic performance may vary, so it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the strength of the building.

  On the other hand, if all the wall panels are bearing walls, the rigidity of the building becomes very high, and there is a possibility that the original characteristic of the frame structure such as a ramen structure that absorbs energy by deformation may not be sufficiently exhibited.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a building that can be used by accurately evaluating the function of a wall panel against a horizontal external force such as an earthquake.

  In order to achieve the above object, a building according to the present invention includes a frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams horizontally mounted above and below are joined, and a plurality of studs each having an end connected to the upper and lower beams. And a wall panel provided with a mounting portion for attaching to the stud and a wall panel, and the fitting portion and the stud are joined by a plurality of rod-shaped connecting members, and from a design value When a large horizontal external force is applied, the mounting portion or the hole in the stud that is inserted into the rod-shaped connecting member is plastically deformed without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material.

  Here, an adhesive may be interposed between the mounting portion and the face material so as to surround at least an edge portion of the mounting portion.

  Further, at least a part of the studs may be joined to the side edges of the separate wall panels around the studs.

  Further, the stud may be connected to the beam via a connecting structure having a larger amount of elastic deformation than the main body.

  Moreover, the said stud may be connected with the said beam through the connection structure whose yield point is smaller than the main-body part.

  In addition, the upper and lower ends of the studs can be formed so that the cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the main body.

  Furthermore, at least one of the upper and lower end portions of the studs or the connecting material between the studs and the beam can be formed of a material having a lower yield point than the main body.

  Moreover, the notch part may be provided between the part of the said beam connected with the said stud, and another part.

  Then, the upper and lower end portions of the studs are extended along the side surface of the beam, and both are connected by a bolt passed through a long hole extending in the vertical direction provided on at least one of the extension portion or the side surface of the beam. The connection strength may be adjusted by the tightening force of the bolt.

  Moreover, the upper and lower ends of the studs may be provided with a viscoelastic material.

  Furthermore, the building according to the present invention includes a frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams vertically mounted on the columns are joined, a plurality of studs each having an end connected to the top and bottom beams, and a space between the studs. A building composed of a horizontal member to be horizontally mounted, and a wall panel provided with at least a mounting part and a face member for attaching to the horizontal member, wherein the mounting part and the horizontal member are a plurality of rod-shaped connecting members. When the horizontal external force larger than the design value is applied, the mounting portion or the transverse member hole through which the rod-shaped connecting member is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material. Is plastically deformed.

  The building of the present invention is a frame structure formed by combining a plurality of pillars and a beam horizontally mounted on the upper end thereof, a plurality of studs whose ends are connected to the beams, and attached to the studs. A mounting panel and a wall panel provided with a face material, wherein the mounting part and the inter-column are joined by a plurality of rod-shaped connecting members, and a horizontal external force larger than the design value is applied. In this case, the hole of the mounting portion or the studs through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material is characterized by being plastically deformed.

  Furthermore, the building of the present invention is a frame structure formed by combining a plurality of columns and a beam horizontally mounted on the upper end thereof, a plurality of studs whose ends are connected to the beams, and attached to the studs. When the horizontal external force within the design value is applied, the frame structure and the wall panel are applied to the horizontal external force. When a horizontal external force greater than the design value acts, the frame structure resists the horizontal external force.

  Here, when a horizontal external force within the design value is applied, all of the wall panels facing the outside can be designed to resist the horizontal external force.

  In the building of the present invention configured as described above, a wall panel such as an outer wall panel attached to a stud connected between upper and lower beams of a rigid frame structure via a rod-shaped connecting member is larger than a design value such as a large earthquake. When an external force is applied, the hole through which the rod-like connecting material is inserted is plastically deformed before the joining between the face material and the mounting portion is broken. And the seismic energy is absorbed in the process of plastic deformation of the hole.

  That is, even when a horizontal external force is applied, the deformation of the building is suppressed by the action of the wall panel that connects the studs while the hole through which the rod-like connecting material is inserted is elastically deformed.

  Then, a large horizontal external force acts to absorb the seismic energy in the process of plastic deformation of the hole. Further, when a greater horizontal external force is applied, the hole expands and it becomes difficult for the load to be transmitted to the wall panel through the rod-shaped connecting member, and instead, the ramen structure is deformed to absorb the seismic energy.

  In other words, when the horizontal external force within the design value is applied, the horizontal external force resists the horizontal external force (framework structure) and the wall panel, and the horizontal external force is greater than the design value. When this occurs, it can be said that the ramen structure (frame structure) resists the horizontal external force.

  In this way, the hole through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted before the joint between the face material and the mounting part breaks, and the wall panel is not subjected to load, so the wall panel can be destroyed and endured at once It does not become a destruction pattern that collapses.

  And the function of a wall panel can be accurately evaluated by grasping the behavior of such a building during an earthquake and constructing a structure in which the behavior is reproduced.

  In addition, the building designed in this way is improved in safety during an earthquake, and even if damaged by an earthquake, the building can be easily restored by reusing structural members.

  Furthermore, by interposing an adhesive so as to surround the edge of the mounting portion, it becomes difficult for water or the like to enter between the mounting portion and the face material, and deterioration of the joint portion can be prevented.

  In addition, since the load is canceled by applying a force in which the directions of the compressive force and the tensile force are opposite to each other, the deformation is suppressed when a horizontal external force below the design value is applied.

  And when the horizontal external force larger than the design value acts and the hole through which the rod-like connecting material is inserted is greatly plastically deformed, and when the stud is released from the restraint of one wall panel, the stud is easily deformed and the frame structure As the seismic energy is absorbed by the deformation, the function of the stud can be changed according to the magnitude of the horizontal external force.

  Furthermore, the function of preventing the wall panel from being damaged in a chain manner can be improved by making the connecting structure between the studs and the beams a connecting structure having a larger elastic deformation amount than the main body of the studs or a connecting structure having a small yield point. it can.

  In addition, even when wall panels are attached to crosspieces such as lintels that are placed between studs, seismic energy can be absorbed by the action of the wall panels in the same way as described above, improving safety during earthquakes. In addition, even if damaged by an earthquake, the building can be easily restored by reusing the structural members.

  The phenomenon of absorbing seismic energy in the process of plastic deformation of the hole due to the large horizontal external force as described above is a case where the present invention is applied to a building composed of a frame structure other than a ramen structure. Also occurs. Even in this case, if a larger horizontal external force is applied, the hole expands and it becomes difficult for the load to be transmitted to the wall panel via the rod-shaped connecting material, and instead, the frame structure deforms and absorbs the seismic energy. it can.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining a schematic configuration of the building unit 1 constituting the building of the present embodiment.

  This building unit 1 constitutes a unit building (not shown) by connecting a plurality of building units 1 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

  First, in terms of configuration, the building unit 1 includes four columns 2,... Arranged at four corners, and ceiling beams 31,. The main structural member is a rigid frame structure 11 as a frame structure composed of floor beams 32...

  The column 2 and the ceiling beam 31 and the floor beam 32 are rigidly connected. However, the rigid connection is not limited to the one in which the angle between the column 2 and the beams 31 and 32 is not changed at all. Also included are those that are joined by semi-rigid joining as a simple structure.

  Further, a plurality of small beams 321,... Are bridged between the floor beams 32, 32 at a predetermined interval.

  2 are arranged between the columns 2 and 2 on the front side in FIG. 2, and five columns 4,... For attaching the outer wall panels 5,.

  The stud 4 has an upper end connected to the ceiling beam 31 and a lower end connected to the floor beam 32. Further, the side edges of two separate outer wall panels 5 and 5 are joined to the three intermediate columns 4, 4, 4 except for the intermediate columns 4, 4 adjacent to the column 2.

  A front view seen from the outside of the outer wall panel 5 is shown in FIG. 3A, and a back view seen from the inside of the building unit 1 is shown in FIG.

  This outer wall panel 5 is mainly composed of a hard wood piece cement plate 52 as a rectangular face material and a frame 51 as a mounting portion arranged so as to surround an edge portion on the back surface side.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the frame 51 includes two vertical frames 51b and 51b, horizontal frames 51c and 51c connecting the upper and lower ends of the vertical frames 51b and 51b, and the horizontal frames. It is mainly comprised from the intermediate frame 51d arrange | positioned by 51c and 51c at intervals in the up-down direction.

  In the vertical frames 51b and 51b, a plurality of rivet holes 51a as holes through which the rivets 6 as rod-like connecting members are inserted are opened at intervals in the vertical direction.

  Moreover, as shown to Fig.3 (a), the hard wood piece cement board 52 is being fixed to the flame | frame 51 by the multiple screw nails 52a ....

  A sectional view of the outer wall panel 5 is shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, a urethane adhesive 53 as an adhesive is interposed between the hard wood cement board 52 and the frame 51 without any gap.

  That is, by continuously applying the adhesive 53 so as to surround at least the edge portion of the back surface of the frame 51 and sticking it to the hard wood piece cement board 52, water or the like is externally provided between the face material and the mounting portion. It is possible to prevent a gap from entering.

  Further, the inter-column 4 and the outer wall panel 5 are joined by a rivet 6 as a rod-like connecting material. The rivet 6 is a one-side rivet, and the frame 51 and the stud 4 can be joined simply by driving in from the stud 4 side.

  In addition, the structure of the outer wall panel 5 is not limited to what is shown to Fig.1 (a), For example, the outer wall panel 15 of a structure as shown in FIG.1 (b) may be sufficient.

  The outer wall panel 15 is integrated with an adhesive by sandwiching both sides of a gypsum board 152c into a substantially U-shaped steel plate 152a and a flat steel plate 152b. L-shaped frames 151 and 151 are attached.

  The L-shaped frame 151 is attached by sandwiching one L-shaped side surface between the inner side surface of the steel plate 152a and the outer side surface of the steel plate 152b. As an adhesive between the L-shaped frame 151 and the steel plate 152b, The urethane adhesive 153 is interposed.

  Further, the outer wall panel 15 and the inter-column 4 are also joined by driving a rivet 6 as a rod-like connecting material into the L-shaped frame 151 from the inter-column 4 side.

  On the other hand, spring portions 42 as a connecting structure as shown in FIG. 5A are formed at the upper and lower ends to be connected to the beam in the intermediate pillar 4 of the present embodiment.

  The spring portion 42 is formed of only a U-shaped web portion so that a cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the substantially U-shaped main body portion 41 in cross-section. That is, in the spring portion 42, a flat plate-like small cross-sectional portion 42a with both U-shaped side surfaces cut off is formed, and the small cross-sectional portion 42a is bent at a substantially right angle from the middle to form an end surface portion 42b. ing.

  In addition, two holes through which connecting bolts 43 and 43 for connecting the stud 4 and the floor beam 32 are inserted are opened in the end surface portion 42b.

  Furthermore, a rivet hole 4 a as a hole through which the rivet 6 is inserted is opened in the main body portion 41 of the stud 4.

  When a tensile force acts on the stud 4 connected to the floor beam 32 via the spring portion 42 configured in this way, the spring portion 42 extends more than the main body portion 41 and is greatly elastic as shown in FIG. Since it deforms, the load transmitted to the outer wall panel 5 is relaxed, and the occurrence of the phenomenon that the outer wall panels 5,.

  Note that the upper end of the stud 4 and the ceiling beam 31 are also connected by a connection structure similar to the spring portion 42.

  Next, the operation of the building according to the present embodiment will be described.

  In the building unit 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, the outer wall panel 5 is attached to the pillars 4... Connected between the upper and lower beams 31, 32 of the rigid frame structure 11 via the rivets 6. It has been.

  When the seismic force (see FIG. 6) acts as a horizontal external force on the building unit 1, the outer wall panel 5 that connects between the pillars 4, 4 first acts as a brace, together with the ramen structure 11. It works to suppress the shaking of building unit 1. That is, when a horizontal external force within the design value is applied, the horizontal external force is resisted by the frame structure 11 (frame structure) and the outer wall panel 5 (wall panel).

  If the design value is the seismic force determined by the Building Standards Act, this state will continue to be sure until the magnitude is reached. If the design value is set to 1.25 times or 1.5 times the seismic force specified by the Building Standards Law, it continues until the seismic force is reached.

  Hereinafter, the states in the primary design and the secondary design will be described in more detail. Here, the seismic force of the primary design is the seismic force when the standard shear force coefficient Cd as defined in the Building Standards Act is 0.2, and the seismic force of the secondary design is the seismic force that is the required retained horizontal strength as defined in the Building Standards Act. And

  If the magnitude of the seismic force acting is within the range of the primary design, the shearing force acting on the rivet 6 that joins the stud 4 and the frame 51 of the outer wall panel 5 is within the range of the bearing strength of the frame 51. The rivet hole 51a is not plastically deformed.

  Here, if the joint between the frame 51 and the hard wood cement board 52 by the adhesive 53 is peeled off before the rivet hole 51a expands, the building unit 1 will collapse at once when a certain seismic force is reached due to the influence. There is a risk that.

  On the other hand, the amount of deformation of the building unit 1 is increased by increasing the seismic force so that the rivet hole 51a is plastically deformed and expanded so that the outer wall panel 5 does not gradually receive the load. As a result, seismic energy can be absorbed, so that the ramen structure 11 and the outer wall panel 5 can be prevented from being catastrophicly damaged. That is, when a horizontal external force larger than the design value is applied, the original characteristic of absorbing energy by the deformation of the ramen structure 11 (frame structure) is exhibited and resists the horizontal external force.

  Further, when the outer wall panel 5 no longer receives a load, the expansion and contraction of the spring portions 42, 42 of the stud 4 increases, and the building unit 1 withstands the strong increase against the subsequent increase in seismic force to prevent collapse or collapse. be able to.

  Further, since the outer wall panel 5 and the ramen structure 11 that are not subjected to a load before being damaged are not significantly damaged and can be reused, the building unit 1 is repaired in a short time and economically after an earthquake. be able to.

  Further, by interposing the adhesive 53 so as to surround the edge of the frame 51, it becomes difficult for water or the like to enter between the frame 51 and the hard wood cement board 52, and deterioration of the joint portion can be prevented. .

  Further, the three intermediate columns 4,... Arranged in the middle are joined to the other side edge by a compressive force from the outer wall panel 5 bonded to one side edge of the one intermediate column 4. Since the tensile force acts from the outer wall panel 5 and the load is canceled by the force opposite to the direction, when the outer wall panels 5 and 5 receive a load due to the horizontal external force acting below the design value. The deformation of the building unit 1 is suppressed.

  When a horizontal external force larger than the design value is applied and the rivet hole 4a is greatly plastically deformed, and the intermediate pillar 4 is released from the restraint of the one outer wall panel 5, the intermediate pillar 4 is moved in one direction from the remaining outer wall panel 5. The amount of deformation is increased by the load, whereby the ramen structure 11 is deformed and the seismic energy is absorbed, so that the remaining outer wall panel 5 is not damaged in a chain manner.

  That is, depending on the magnitude of the horizontal external force acting on the building unit 1, whether or not the outer wall panel 5 receives a load can be changed, and the function of the pillar 4 at that time can be changed.

  Hereinafter, in Example 1, experiments and analyzes for confirming the horizontal strength of the building unit 1 described in the above embodiment will be described. The description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the above embodiment will be given the same reference numerals.

  In Example 1, the frame 51 of the outer wall panel 5 was made of a general structural rolled steel material (SS400) stipulated in JIS standards, and the spacer 4 was also made of a steel material that was thicker than the SS400 frame 51.

  The rivet 6 was a one-side rivet in which the shear strength after caulking is larger than the tensile strength of the frame 51.

  As a result of a shear test in which the frame 51 and the stud 4 are monotonically loaded on the rivet joint where the rivet 6 is joined, the yield strength Py and the tensile strength Pmax of the rivet joint are smaller than the shear strength of the rivet 6. It was confirmed that the rivet hole 51a of the frame 51 was first deformed and the joint was destroyed.

  Moreover, as a result of carrying out the alternating repetition test to the test body which joined the outer wall panel 5 to the stud 4 with the six rivets 6 (space | interval 300-600mm) per one vertical frame 51b, it calculated | required by the shear test of the monotonous load. Test results consistent with the strength of the rivet joint were obtained.

  On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows a building unit model 1A in which the building unit 1 is two-dimensionally modeled for analysis.

  Here, the frame structure model 11A is supported by fulcrums 111A and 111A directly below the two column models 2A and 2A, and the column model 2A, the ceiling beam model 31A, and the floor beam model 32A are joined by a rotating spring 21A. Modeled.

  Moreover, spring part models 42A and 42A were provided above and below the stud model 4A, and the stud models 4A and 4A were connected by an outer wall panel model 5A.

  This outer wall panel model 5A is obtained by performing brace replacement in accordance with the framework design method for building a wall construction method (supervised by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Housing and Building Guidance Division) based on the result of the shear test of the rivet joint described above.

  Then, a horizontal load P (horizontal external force) is applied to the building unit model 1A to calculate the retained horizontal proof stress and the structural characteristic coefficient. Here, the simulation after the axial force entering the outer wall panel model 5A reaches the maximum load is performed by a model obtained by removing the outer wall panel model 5A at that portion.

  For comparison, only the rigid frame model 11A in which the stud model 4A and the outer wall panel model 5A are not arranged was also analyzed.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an envelope curve as a result of repeatedly loading the horizontal load P on each model in relation to the horizontal load P and the interlayer deformation angle. Here, the inter-layer deformation angle is a value obtained by dividing the inter-layer displacement δ by the height h of the building unit model 1A, and the inter-layer displacement δ is a horizontal displacement difference between the first floor and the second floor. In this building unit model 1A, since the floor beam model 32A does not move horizontally, the horizontal displacement amount of the ceiling beam model 31A is the interlayer displacement δ.

The envelope S _R shown in broken lines in FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the hysteresis characteristics in the case of a rigid frame structure model 11A only.

In contrast, envelope S _RW shown in solid lines shows the restoring force characteristics when added exterior wall panel model 5A ramen structure model 11A.

  In this way, when the inclination (primary stiffness) until the interlayer deformation angle of the two models reaches 1/120 (damage limit of the Building Standards Act) is compared, the slope when the outer wall panel model 5A is added becomes steeper. It can be seen that the amount of deformation when the horizontal load P below the design value is applied is suppressed.

Moreover, it can be seen that the area surrounded by the envelopes S _R and S _RW and the X axis is wider when the outer wall panel model 5A is added, and the amount of energy absorption at the time of the earthquake is large.

  Further, it can be seen that the building unit model 1A also has a higher horizontal load P up to the safety limit (interlayer deformation angle 1/15) at which the possibility of collapse appears.

  As a result, the building unit 1 to which the outer wall panel 5 is added is more resistant to deformation with respect to earthquakes below the design value than the case where only the ramen structure 11 is designed as a structural member. It can be quantitatively explained that the structure is hard to collapse even for earthquakes larger than the value.

  Hereinafter, in the second embodiment, a stud that is different from the stud 4 described in the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, the connecting structure between the stud 72 and the beam 710 shown in FIG. 9A is a structure in which the end of the stud 72 is connected to the beam 710 provided with the notches 71 and 71.

  That is, the beam 710 is formed in a U-shape in cross section, and the end surface of the stud 72 is connected to the upper surface of the beam 710 by the connecting bolts 73 and 73. The upper surface of the beam 710 is formed by a variable portion 71a connecting the studs 72, cutout portions 71 and 71 provided on both sides of the variable portion 71a, and non-moving portions 71b and 71b on both sides thereof.

  When a tensile force acts on the connecting portion between the inter-column 72 and the beam 710 having such a connecting structure via the inter-column 72, the variable portion 71a is lifted and greatly elastically deformed as shown in FIG. 9B. It will be.

  That is, while the horizontal external force below the design value is acting, the outer wall panel 5 suppresses the deformation of the building unit 1, but when the horizontal external force larger than the design value acts and the rivet hole 4a is greatly plastically deformed, the outer wall panel 5 is released from the restraint of 5 and the deformation amount of the variable portion 71a is increased. As a result, the ramen structure 11 is deformed and seismic energy is absorbed, so that the remaining outer wall panel 5 is damaged in a chain manner. Disappears.

  Next, FIG. 10 shows a connecting structure of the stud 81 and the beam 83 constituted by the long hole 81 b and the bolt 82.

  That is, an extension portion 81a in which the web portion extends in the axial direction is formed at the end portion of the U-shaped cross-sectional pillar 81, and an elongated hole 81b extending in the vertical direction is formed in the extension portion 81a. 81b is formed.

  Then, the bolts 82 and 82 are respectively inserted into the long holes 81b and 81b and holes formed on the side surfaces of the beam 83 (which may or may not be long holes), and the tightening force is adjusted, thereby adjusting the stud 81. Are connected to the beam 83 with a predetermined connection strength.

  By adopting such a connecting structure, until the tensile force of a predetermined size acts on the intermediate column 81, the main body of the intermediate column 81 is not elastically deformed, and a large deformation does not occur. If the tensile force exceeds the tightening force, it is long. The stud 81 moves within the range of the hole 81b, and thereby the ramen structure 11 is deformed and the seismic energy is absorbed, so that the remaining outer wall panel 5 is not damaged in a chain.

  Next, FIG. 11 shows a structure in which a viscoelastic material such as viscoelastic rubber is arranged in the connection structure between the stud 91 and the beam 92.

  For example, in FIG. 11A, a small cross-sectional portion 91a is formed at the end portion of the intermediate column 91 in the same manner as the spring portion 42 of the intermediate column 4 of the above embodiment, and viscoelasticity is formed on the upper surface side of the upper flange 92a of the beam 92. An upper rubber 93 as a material is arranged, a lower rubber 94 as a viscoelastic material is arranged on the lower surface side of the upper flange 92a, and a beam 92 and a stud 91 are connected by a bolt 95 penetrating the upper rubber 93 and the lower rubber 94. Are connected.

  When the compression force is applied to the spacer 91, the upper rubber 93 is compressed and exerts the function of a buffer material. When the tensile force is applied, the lower rubber 94 is compressed and functions as the buffer material.

  In this way, if it is a viscoelastic material, vibration can be absorbed by a viscous component, so that the vibration energy is absorbed between the intermediate column 91 and the beam 92 by being interposed between the intermediate column 91 and the beam 92. Stress transmission is relaxed.

  On the other hand, in the connection structure shown in FIG. 11B, a corner rubber 96 as a viscoelastic material formed in a triangular shape in cross section is arranged on the inner surface side of the small cross section 91a of the stud 91. is there.

  When a tensile force is applied to the spacer 91, the small cross-sectional portion 91a extends to exhibit a function as a spring, and when a compressive force is applied, the corner rubber 96 is compressed to exhibit the function of a cushioning material.

  Thus, by providing a spring portion at the end of the stud 91 and connecting it to the beam 92 and arranging the corner rubber 96 to form a non-linear spring structure, the beam 92 when the compressive force acts on the stud 91 is obtained. The transmission of stress can be further relaxed.

  Furthermore, although not shown, it is possible to form a connection structure in which the end face of the stud that is brought into contact with the upper surface of the beam and the vicinity of the end of the web portion of the stud are made of a material having a lower yield point than the main body of the stud. .

  Thus, by using the low yield point material for the end portion, this portion yields before the main body portion and plastic deformation starts, and the end portion deformation with respect to the applied load increases. As a result, the ramen structure 11 is deformed and seismic energy is absorbed, so that the remaining outer wall panel 5 is not damaged in a chain manner.

  Further, the connection structure can be configured by using a connection bolt as a connection material for connecting the studs and the beam as a low yield point material.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Hereinafter, in Example 3, a bar-shaped connecting member having a form different from the rivet 6 described in the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the third embodiment, a tapping screw 6 </ b> A as a rod-shaped connecting member is screwed from the outer surface side of the outer wall panels 5, 15 and joined to the stud 4.

  As shown in FIG. 12A, the tapping screw 6 </ b> A includes a shaft portion having a length that passes through the hard wood cement plate 52 and the frame 51 of the outer wall panel 5 and reaches the intermediate pillar 4, and has a diameter larger than that of the shaft portion. Since it has a large head, it can be easily repaired and reinforced by screwing into the existing outer wall panel 5 from the outside.

  Moreover, even if the strength of the adhesive 53 is weak, it can be reinforced by connecting the hard wood piece cement board 52 and the frame 51 by the tapping screw 6A.

  As a result, it is possible to deform the frame 51 or the hole of the stud 4 through which the tapping screw 6 </ b> A is inserted without breaking the joint between the frame 51 and the hard wood cement board 52.

  In addition, as shown in FIG.12 (b), about the outer wall panel 15 provided with the steel board 152, the tapping screw 6A can be used as a rod-shaped connection material.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Hereinafter, in Example 4, a wall panel mounting structure in a form different from that in which the outer wall panel 5 is mounted on the studs described in the above embodiment and examples will be described.

  FIG. 13 is a perspective view for explaining a schematic configuration of the building unit 10 constituting the building of the fourth embodiment.

  The building unit 10 constitutes a unit building (not shown) by connecting a plurality of the building units 10 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

  First, in terms of configuration, the building unit 10 includes four pillars 2,... Arranged at the four corners, and ceiling beams 31,. The main structural member is a rigid frame structure 11 composed of floor beams 32,.

  13 are arranged between the front pillars 2 and 2 on the front side in FIG. 13 for attaching a plurality of outer wall panels 5 and 25.

  Moreover, between the pillars 4 and 4 which provide the opening part 250, the lintels 14 and 14 as a horizontal material are horizontally mounted on the upper and lower sides of the opening part 250, and the pillars 4 and 4 are connected.

  In the fourth embodiment, a structure for attaching the outer wall panel 25 to the lintels 14 and the spacers 4 and 4 will be described.

  A front view seen from the outside of the outer wall panel 25 attached to the lower side of the opening 250 is shown in FIG. 14A, and a back view seen from the inside of the building unit 10 is shown in FIG.

  This outer wall panel 25 is mainly composed of a hard wood cement board 252 as a rectangular face material and a frame 251 as a mounting portion arranged so as to surround the edge portion on the back surface side.

  As shown in FIG. 14B, the frame 251 includes two vertical frames 251b and 251b, horizontal frames 251c and 251c connecting the upper and lower ends of the vertical frames 251b and 251b, and the lintel 14 It is mainly composed of a mounting frame 251e that faces each other.

  In the vertical frames 251b and 251b, a plurality of rivet holes 251d and 251d as holes for inserting the rivets 6 as rod-like connecting members are opened at intervals in the vertical direction.

  Further, the mounting frame 251e is a laterally-facing frame member that connects the vertical frames 251b and 251b, and rivet holes 251a and 251a as holes through which the rivets 6 as rod-shaped connecting members are inserted are spaced apart in the horizontal direction. There are multiple openings.

  Then, the lintels 14 and the intermediate pillars 4 and 4 and the outer wall panel 25 are joined by a rivet 6 as a rod-shaped connecting member (see FIG. 15). The rivet 6 is a one-side rivet, and the frame 251 and the lintel 14 can be joined simply by driving from the lintel 14 side.

  Moreover, as shown to Fig.14 (a), the hard-wood piece cement board 252 is being fixed to the flame | frame 251 with the several screw nail 252a.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13, an outer wall panel 25 </ b> A having the same form as the outer wall panel 25 is attached to the upper side of the opening 250 via the lintels 14.

  Next, the operation of the building of this embodiment will be described.

  The building unit 10 according to the fourth embodiment configured as described above includes the pillars 4... Connected between the upper and lower beams 31 and 32 of the frame structure 11 and the lintels 14 horizontally mounted therebetween. The outer wall panel 25 is attached via the rivet 6.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 13, outer wall panels 5, 5 attached to the studs 4, 4 are arranged on both sides of the outer wall panel 25.

  And if the seismic force as a horizontal external force acts on this building unit 10, in addition to the outer wall panel 5 which connects between the pillars 4 and 4 demonstrated in the said embodiment, to the pillars 4 and 4 and the lintel 14 The attached outer wall panel 25 restrains the deformation by the surface restraint, thereby functioning to suppress the shaking of the building unit 10 together with the ramen structure 11.

  If the magnitude of the acting seismic force is within the range of the primary design, the shearing force acting on the rivet 6 that joins the lintel 14 and the frame 251 of the outer wall panel 25 is within the range of the bearing strength of the frame 251. And the rivet hole 251a is not plastically deformed.

  On the other hand, when the seismic force increases and the rivet hole 251a is plastically deformed and expanded, the outer wall panel 25 gradually receives no load, and the deformation amount of the building unit 10 increases. Therefore, the ramen structure 11 and the outer wall panel 25 can be prevented from being catastrophicly damaged.

  Further, when the outer wall panel 25 no longer receives a load, the expansion and contraction of the spring portions 42, 42 of the stud 4 increases, and the building unit 10 can withstand the subsequent increase in seismic force to prevent collapse or collapse. be able to.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Hereinafter, in Example 5, a building 1 </ b> B constituted by a steel structure 12 as a frame structure other than the ramen structure 11 described in the embodiment and examples will be described. The description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the above embodiment will be given the same reference numerals.

  Here, FIG. 16 is a perspective view for explaining a schematic configuration of the steel structure 12 constituting the building 1B of the fifth embodiment.

  First, in terms of configuration, the building 1B is horizontally mounted between a base 124 as a foundation, pillars 122,... Standing on the foundation 124, and upper ends of the pillars 122,. A steel structure 12 as a frame structure composed of beams 121,... Is a main structural member.

  Here, the pillar 122 and the beam 121 are merely connected by bolts or the like. Usually, in order to suppress such deformation of the steel frame 12, a virtual line (two-dot chain line) is shown in FIG. The braces 125 shown are arranged in several places.

  On the other hand, in the fifth embodiment, the braces 125,... Are not arranged, and the deformation of the steel structure 12 is suppressed by the outer wall panel 5 as a wall panel.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the outer wall panel 5 is attached to frame pillars 123,. For the frame column 123, a steel frame material or the like that is usually used for attaching the brace 125 can be used.

  FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a state of the building 1B in which the outer wall panels 5,. Thus, the brace 125 does not need to be disposed at the location where the outer wall panels 5,.

  Next, the effect | action of the building 1B of a present Example is demonstrated.

  In the building 1 </ b> B according to the fifth embodiment configured as described above, the outer wall panel 5 is attached to the frame pillar 123 connected to the beam 121 of the steel frame 12 via the rivet 6.

  And when the seismic force as a horizontal external force acts on this building 1B, as explained in the above embodiment, the outer wall panel 5 that connects the frame columns 123 and 123 restrains deformation by surface restraint, Together with the steel structure 12, it works to suppress the shaking of the building 1B. That is, when a horizontal external force within the design value is applied, the steel frame 12 (frame structure) and the outer wall panel 5 (wall panel) resist the horizontal external force.

  If the magnitude of the acting seismic force is within the range of the primary design, the shearing force acting on the rivet 6 that joins the frame column 123 and the frame 51 of the outer wall panel 5 is within the range of the bearing strength of the frame 51. The rivet hole 51a is not plastically deformed.

  On the other hand, when the seismic force is increased and the rivet hole 51a is plastically deformed and expanded, the outer wall panel 5 is gradually not subjected to a load, and the deformation amount of the building 1B is increased. Since it can absorb, it can prevent that the steel structure 12 and the outer wall panel 5 are damaged catastrophicly. That is, when a horizontal external force larger than the design value is applied, the original characteristic of absorbing energy by the deformation of the steel structure 12 (frame structure) is exhibited, and the horizontal external force is resisted.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Although the best embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment or example, and the design does not depart from the gist of the present invention. Such modifications are included in the present invention.

  For example, the building unit 1 has been described as a building in the above embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a unit building constructed by connecting a plurality of building units 1 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction may be used as a building. Good. Moreover, the building of this invention is not limited to industrialized houses, such as the building unit 1, but this invention is applicable also to the building constructed | assembled by the conventional construction method.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, Example 4 and Example 5, although the outer wall panels 5 and 25 were demonstrated as a wall panel, it is not limited to this, Between the pillars 4 and 4 (between the frame pillars 123 and 123) ) Or a cross member with a predetermined strength, and a panel having a strength such that the hole through which the rivet 6 is inserted is plastically deformed first, is disposed inside the cosmetic exterior material. The inner wall panel or partition panel may be a wall panel.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the adhesive agent 53 was filled and joined between the flame | frame 51 and the hard-wood piece cement board 52 without gap, it is not limited to this, Joining strength satisfy | fills the intensity | strength desired. In this case, the adhesive 53 may be applied so as to surround the edge of the frame 51 so that a cavity is formed between the frame 51, the hard wood cement board 52, and the adhesive 53.

  Further, the adhesive is not limited to the urethane-based adhesive 53, and may be another adhesive such as an epoxy-based adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment or Example 5, although the rivet hole 51a of the flame | frame 51 was deform | transformed and the outer wall panel 5 came off, it is not limited to this, The rivet of the spacer 4 (frame pillar 123) You may raise the intensity | strength of the flame | frame 51 relatively with respect to the spacer 4 (frame pillar 123) so that the hole 4a may deform | transform.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the spring portions 42 and 42 are provided at the upper and lower end portions of the spacer 4 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. May be provided.

  Moreover, in the said Example 4, although the case where the outer wall panel 25 was mounted | worn with the lintel 14 provided on the upper and lower sides of the opening part 250 and the spacers 4 and 4 was demonstrated, it is not limited to this, It is also possible to attach the outer wall panel only to a plurality of cross members laid across between the pillars 4 and 4 where there is no place.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment and Example, although the building comprised by the steel frame 12 as a ramen structure 11 or another frame structure was demonstrated, it is not limited to this, A wooden pillar and The present invention can also be applied to a building including a frame structure combined with a beam.

It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the joining structure to the stud of the outer wall panel of the best embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view explaining the structure of a building unit. It is a figure explaining the structure of an outer wall panel, Comprising: (a) is the front view seen from the building exterior side, (b) is the back view seen from the building inside side. It is the figure which looked at the structure which attached the outer wall panel to the stud from the building inside side. (A) is a perspective view explaining the structure of the connection structure of the edge part of a stud, (b) is a side view explaining the state which the tensile force is acting on a stud. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates typically the behavior of the building unit at the time of an earthquake. It is a model figure explaining the analysis model of a building unit. It is the figure which showed the relationship between the horizontal load of an analysis result, and an interlayer deformation angle. (A) is a perspective view explaining the structure of the connection structure with the edge part of a pillar when a notch part is provided in a beam, (b) is a side view explaining the state which tensile force is acting on a pillar. . It is a perspective view explaining the structure of the connection structure which connects a stud and a beam via a long hole. (A) is a side view illustrating the configuration of a connection structure in which a viscoelastic material is interposed between a beam and an inter-column, and (b) is a configuration of a connection structure in which a visco-elastic material is arranged at a corner of an end portion of the inter-column. FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the joining structure to the stud of the outer wall panel of Example 3. FIG. It is a perspective view explaining the structure of the building unit of Example 4. FIG. It is a figure explaining the structure of the outer wall panel of Example 4, Comprising: (a) is the front view seen from the building exterior side, (b) is the back view seen from the building inside side. It is the figure which looked at the structure which attached the outer wall panel to the stud of Example 4 from the building inner side. It is a perspective view explaining the structure of the steel frame structure of Example 5. FIG. It is a perspective view explaining the structure of the building of Example 5. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Building unit (building)
11 Ramen structure 2 Column 31 Ceiling beam
32 Floor beams (beams)
4 Spacer 4a Rivet hole (hole)
41 Main part 42 Spring part (connection structure, end part)
42a Small section 5,15 Outer wall panel (wall panel)
51 frame (mounting part)
51a Rivet hole (hole)
151 L-shaped frame (mounting part)
52 Hard wood cement board (face material)
152 Steel board (face material)
53,153 Adhesive (adhesive)
6 Rivet (bar-like connecting material)
6A Tapping screw (bar-shaped connecting material)
71 Notch 71a Variable part (connection structure)
71b Non-moving part 710, 83 Beam 72, 81 Spacer 81a Extension part 81b Slot 91 Spacer 92 Beam 93 Upper rubber (viscoelastic material)
94 Lower rubber (viscoelastic material)
96 Corner rubber (viscoelastic material)
10 Building unit (building)
14 lintels (cross members)
14a Rivet hole (hole)
25 Exterior wall panel (wall panel)
251 frame (mounting part)
251a Rivet hole (hole)
251d Rivet hole (hole)
251e Mounting frame 1B Building 12 Steel structure (frame structure)
121 Beam 122 Column 123 Frame column (interspace)

Claims (11)

A frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams horizontally mounted above and below are joined together, a plurality of intermediate columns each having an end connected to the upper and lower beams, a mounting portion and a face material for attaching to the intermediate columns A building composed of a wall panel with
The mounting portion and the stud are joined by a plurality of rod-like connecting members, and the stud is connected to the beam via a connecting structure having a larger elastic deformation amount than the main body,
When a horizontal external force greater than a predetermined horizontal external force is applied, the hole of the mounting portion or the stud column through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material is plastically deformed, Accordingly, the connecting structure of the studs released from the restraint of the wall panel expands and contracts. A frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams horizontally mounted above and below are joined together, a plurality of intermediate columns each having an end connected to the upper and lower beams, a mounting portion and a face material for attaching to the intermediate columns A building composed of a wall panel with
The mounting portion and the stud are joined by a plurality of rod-like connecting members, and the stud is connected to the beam via a connecting structure having a smaller yield point than the main body,
When a horizontal external force greater than a predetermined horizontal external force is applied, the hole of the mounting portion or the stud column through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material is plastically deformed, Accordingly, the connecting structure of the studs released from the restraint of the wall panel is plastically deformed. A frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams horizontally mounted above and below are joined together, a plurality of intermediate columns each having an end connected to the upper and lower beams, a mounting portion and a face material for attaching to the intermediate columns A building composed of a wall panel with
The mounting portion and the stud are joined by a plurality of rod-shaped connecting members, and the upper and lower ends of the stud are formed so that the cross-sectional area is smaller than the main body,
When a horizontal external force greater than a predetermined horizontal external force is applied, the hole of the mounting portion or the stud column through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material is plastically deformed, The building is characterized in that the ends of the studs released from the restraint of the wall panel are expanded and contracted. A frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams horizontally mounted above and below are joined together, a plurality of intermediate columns each having an end connected to the upper and lower beams, a mounting portion and a face material for attaching to the intermediate columns A building composed of a wall panel with
The mounting portion and the stud are joined by a plurality of rod-shaped connecting members, and at least one of the upper and lower ends of the stud or the connecting member of the stud and the beam has a lower yield point than the main body of the stud. Formed by material,
When a horizontal external force greater than a predetermined horizontal external force is applied, the hole of the mounting portion or the stud column through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material is plastically deformed, Thereby, the end of the stud or the connecting material released from the restraint of the wall panel is plastically deformed. A frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams horizontally mounted above and below are joined together, a plurality of intermediate columns each having an end connected to the upper and lower beams, a mounting portion and a face material for attaching to the intermediate columns A building composed of a wall panel with
The mounting portion and the stud are joined by a plurality of rod-shaped connecting members, and the beam is formed with a variable portion and a non-moving portion provided with notches on both sides, and the end of the stud is connected to the variable portion. ,
When a horizontal external force greater than a predetermined horizontal external force is applied, the hole of the mounting portion or the stud column through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material is plastically deformed, Thereby, the variable portion connected to the studs released from the restraint of the wall panel moves up and down. A frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams horizontally mounted above and below are joined together, a plurality of intermediate columns each having an end connected to the upper and lower beams, a mounting portion and a face material for attaching to the intermediate columns A building composed of a wall panel with
The mounting portion and the stud are joined by a plurality of rod-like connecting members, and the upper and lower ends of the stud are extended along the side of the beam, and are provided on at least one of the extension or the side of the beam. The two are connected by a bolt that passes through a long hole extending in the vertical direction, and the connection strength is adjusted by the tightening force of the bolt,
When a horizontal external force greater than a predetermined horizontal external force is applied, the hole of the mounting portion or the stud column through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material is plastically deformed, Thus, when the tensile force acting on the studs released from the restraint of the wall panel exceeds the fastening force, the pillars move within the range of the oblong holes. A frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams horizontally mounted above and below are joined together, a plurality of intermediate columns each having an end connected to the upper and lower beams, a mounting portion and a face material for attaching to the intermediate columns A building composed of a wall panel with
The mounting portion and the stud are joined by a plurality of rod-shaped connecting members, and viscoelastic materials are disposed at upper and lower ends of the stud,
When a horizontal external force greater than a predetermined horizontal external force is applied, the hole of the mounting portion or the stud column through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material is plastically deformed, Thus, the buffering function of the viscoelastic material is exhibited at the end portion of the stud that is released from the restraint of the wall panel. A rigid frame structure in which a plurality of columns and beams that are horizontally suspended above and below are joined; a plurality of intermediate columns each having an end connected to the upper and lower beams; and a horizontal member that is horizontally disposed between the intermediate columns; A building constituted by a wall panel provided with a mounting portion and a face material for attaching to at least the cross member,
The mounting portion and the cross member are joined by a plurality of rod-like connecting members, and the stud is connected to the beam via a connecting structure having a larger elastic deformation amount than the main body portion,
When a horizontal external force larger than a predetermined horizontal external force is applied, the mounting portion or the hole in the cross member through which the rod-shaped connecting member is inserted does not plastically deform without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material. The building structure is characterized in that the connecting structure of the studs released from the restraint of the wall panel expands and contracts. A frame structure formed by combining a plurality of columns and a beam horizontally mounted on the upper end thereof, a plurality of intermediate columns whose ends are connected to the beams, a mounting portion and a face material for attaching to the intermediate columns A building composed of wall panels with
The mounting portion and the stud are joined by a plurality of rod-like connecting members, and the stud is connected to the beam via a connecting structure having a larger elastic deformation amount than the main body,
When a horizontal external force greater than a predetermined horizontal external force is applied, the hole of the mounting portion or the stud column through which the rod-shaped connecting material is inserted without breaking the connection between the mounting portion and the face material is plastically deformed, Accordingly, the connecting structure of the studs released from the restraint of the wall panel expands and contracts.   10. The adhesive according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive is interposed between the mounting part and the face material so as to surround at least an edge of the mounting part. building.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a side edge of the separate wall panel is joined to at least a part of the studs around the studs.

Images