JP4159160B2 - Method for purifying acetic acid - Google Patents

Method for purifying acetic acid Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4159160B2
JP4159160B2 JP01236699A JP1236699A JP4159160B2 JP 4159160 B2 JP4159160 B2 JP 4159160B2 JP 01236699 A JP01236699 A JP 01236699A JP 1236699 A JP1236699 A JP 1236699A JP 4159160 B2 JP4159160 B2 JP 4159160B2
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Prior art keywords
acetic acid
crude
acetylation
urea
acid
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JP01236699A
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JP2000212118A (en
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仁志 渡邉
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Daicel Corp
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Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、食品添加用等に用いられる着色のない高品質の酢酸を得るための酢酸の精製方法に関する。詳しくは無水酢酸を用いてアセチル化する際及び/又はアセチル化対象物と他のモノマーとを共重合する際に副生する酢酸を含む粗酢酸に尿素を添加し、蒸留する酢酸の精製方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
現在酢酸は工業的に以下の方法で合成されている。すなわち、アセトアルデヒドを酸化する方法、エチレン、ナフサ等の炭化水素を直接酸化する方法、メタノールと一酸化炭素から合成する方法、過酢酸でオレフィン等をエポキシ化する際、又はアセチル化対象物と他のモノマーとを共重させる際に副生する酢酸を製品として取得する方法、或いは無水酢酸でアセチル化する際、副生する酢酸を製品として取得する方法等がある。これらの方法で得られる酢酸は、原料、製法その他の履歴によって純度に差があるが、アルデヒド類、ギ酸、プロピオン酸等の有機酸類、ケトン類、エステル類等、種々の不純物を含みその精製には普通多くの段数を用いた蒸留を繰り返すことが必要である。特に、無水酢酸でアセチル化する際、副生する酢酸には不純物が多く含まれ、単なる蒸留の繰り返し、および段数の増加のみでは、着色のない高品質の酢酸を得るのは、極めて難しく、経済的考慮から、現実には達成できていない。蒸留のみでは除去し難いこれらの不純物の除去にあたっては、化学的処理と蒸留を組み合わせる方法が幾つか提案されている。例えば、過マンガン酸カリウム、重クロム酸カリウム等の無機酸化剤を使用する方法があるが、精製蒸留に際して取り扱いに十分注意を払わないと、濃縮蓄積した酸化剤の作用で急激な反応を起こし、爆発の危険がある。アミン類等、不純物との付加反応性を利用した添加剤で処理する方法も提案されているが、従来なされた方法では十分な効果は得られない。特開昭51−136613号公報は、アルデヒドを触媒存在下に酸素又は空気と接触させることにより、酢酸を生成させ、得られた反応粗液から、高沸点不純物を除去したものに、尿素を添加し140℃〜200℃で処理したのち、蒸留する酢酸の精製方法が開示されている。しかしながら、この方法ではカメレオン値(JIS K1351の3.10による方法)は改善できるが、着色のない高品質の酢酸を得ることはできなかった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、無水酢酸を用いてアセチル化する際及び/又はアセチル化対象物と他のモノマーとを共重合する際に副生する粗酢酸から着色のない高品位の酢酸を得るための酢酸の精製方法を提供することである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、無水酢酸を用いてアセチル化する際及び/又はアセチル化対象物と他のモノマーとを共重合する際に副生する粗酢酸に尿素を添加し、蒸留することによりかかる問題点を解決しうることを見い出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち本発明は、無水酢酸を用いて、アセチル化対象物であるp−ヒドロキシ安息香酸、1,4−ジヒドロキシベンゼン及び4,4′−ジヒドロキシビフェニルをアセチル化する際及び/又は前記アセチル化対象物とポリエチレンナフタレートとを共重合する際に副生する酢酸を含むAPHA20以上の粗酢酸に、粗酢酸に対して0.001〜1重量%の尿素を添加し、蒸留してAPHA10以下の酢酸を得ることを特徴とする酢酸の精製方法を提供する。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を詳しく説明する。
本発明は、無水酢酸を用いてアセチル化反応する際及び/又はアセチル化対象物と他のモノマーとを共重合する際に副生した酢酸を含む粗酢酸に尿素を添加し、蒸留により酢酸を精製する方法である。
無水酢酸を用いてアセチル化する対象物として、p−ヒドロキシ安息香酸、1,4−ジヒドロキシベンゼン、4,4−ジヒドロキシビフェニル等を挙げることができる。これらの中で特定構成単位を有するポリエステル共重合体を得る前段階のモノマーのアセチル化の際に本発明の方法が好ましく用いられる。アセチル化反応は無水酢酸を用いる公知の方法により行う。無水酢酸を用いるアセチル化反応に伴い、酢酸が副生される。得られたアセチル化物を更に共重合させるに伴い、酢酸が副生される。また、アセチル化する対象物の種類、無水酢酸中の不純物等により異なるが、アセチル化反応液には、前記のアルデヒド類、ギ酸、プロピオン酸等の有機酸類、ケトン類、エステル類、および酸無水物、ビフェニル類、アルコール類、エーテル類、又は過酸化物等の不純物が存在する。アセチル化物とこれらの不純物を含む粗酢酸とを、例えば、蒸留等の分離手段により分離し、粗酢酸を得る。この粗酢酸から酢酸を精製する場合、蒸留のみの繰り返しでは、着色のない酢酸を得ることは困難である。
【0006】
また本発明において、アセチル化後の反応混合物から粗酢酸の分離は、通常、蒸留、蒸発、抽出等により行う。
【0007】
本発明は、前記粗酢酸中の不純物と尿素との付加反応性を利用し着色物質を局在化し、蒸留により着色のない酢酸を得る酢酸の精製方法である。本発明で着色がないとは、APHA10以下を意味する。また、本発明で用いる粗酢酸とは、前記のように無水酢酸を用いてアセチル化する際及び/又はアセチル化対象物と他のモノマーとを共重合する際、副生する酢酸を含むAPHA20以上の粗酢酸を意味する。
尿素の添加量は、粗酢酸に対して好ましくは0.001〜1重量%、より好ましくは0.01〜0.5重量%の範囲から選択する。尿素は、粉体のままでもよいし、5〜70重量%の水溶液、メタノール、またはエタノール溶液で添加される。尿素添加時の粗酢酸は、温度20〜50℃程度に保たれていればよい。その後、粗酢酸中の不純物含量により低沸成分、高沸成分のカット量を決めて蒸留によりカットし、精製酢酸を得る。この時、蒸留はバッチ方式、連続方式のどちらでもよい。
蒸留装置は公知の装置を用いればよい。例えば、シーブ塔、規則充填物塔、泡鐘塔、不規則充填塔等の連続蒸留装置、或いはシーブトレイ、規則充填物、不規則充填物、泡鐘トレイ等を備えたバッチ式蒸留装置であってもよい。
【0008】
このようにして得られる酢酸は、凝固点が16.3〜16.6℃、カメレオン値が好ましくは60以上、さらに好ましくは120以上、APHAが好ましくは10以下、さらに好ましくは5以下であり、食品添加用原料、各種エステルの原料、テレフタル酸の溶媒、写真の原料、医薬品の原料等の用途に用いられる。
【0009】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。なお、実施例および比較例の中で濃度について用いられた%は重量%を意味する。酢酸の評価分析は以下のように行った。
凝固点:JIS K1351の3.7.1に準じて行った。
カメレオン値:JIS K1351の3.10による方法に準じて行った。
APHA:JIS K1351の3.5.1に準じて行った。
【0010】
(実施例1)
粗酢酸は特開平6−116373号公報の実施例1に記載されている方法により得られたものを使用した。即ち、テレフタル酸82.19g、1,4−ジヒドロキシベンゼン38.13g、4,4−ジヒドロキシビフェニル27.64g、無水酢酸105.07g、および全仕込み量に対し0.05%の酢酸カリウムを各々、攪拌機、窒素導入管および留出管を備えた反応器中に仕込み、反応器内を窒素にて置換した後、窒素気流下で、この混合物を140℃にて1時間反応させた。この後1.5時間で250℃まで加熱した。この時酢酸が約60g留出した(粗酢酸1)。次にこの反応系に、ポリエチレンテレフタレート119.84gを加えた後、1.5時間で270℃まで加熱し、さらに270℃で1時間攪拌した。この時までに、理論酢酸留出量の90%以上が留出した(粗酢酸2)。次に、270℃にて反応器内を徐々に減圧し、さらに0.2時間で1mmHg以下に減圧し、この圧力にて3時間反応を行った。この減圧中に、少量の酢酸が留出した(粗酢酸3)。
これら3種類の粗酢酸を混合した粗酢酸は、APHA100で酢酸濃度96%、無水酢酸濃度2%であった。この粗酢酸に対して尿素分500ppmとなるように20%尿素水溶液を仕込んだ。この尿素を加えた粗酢酸を段数60段、還流比10、低沸成分カット率10%の条件で蒸留した。次にこの缶出液を段数40段、還流比1、高沸成分カット率10%の条件で蒸留し、精製酢酸を得た。精製酢酸の性状は、凝固点16℃、カメレオン値120分、APHA3であった。
【0011】
(比較例1)
尿素水溶液を添加しないこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、精製酢酸を得た。精製酢酸の性状は、凝固点16℃、カメレオン値100分、APHA20であった。
【0012】
(実施例2)
実施例1と同様にしてアセチル化により得た粗酢酸に対し、その全量に対して尿素分700ppmとなるように20%尿素水溶液を張り込み、段数60段、還流比10、初留分10%をカットし、その後、実施例1と同様に缶出液を蒸留し、精製酢酸を得た。缶底には高沸成分10%が残った。この精製酢酸の性状は、凝固点16℃、カメレオン値120分、APHA3であった。
【0013】
(比較例2)
尿素水溶液を添加しないこと以外は実施例2と同様にして精製酢酸を得た。
精製酢酸の性状は、凝固点16℃、カメレオン値100分、APHA15であった。
【0014】
【発明の効果】
実施例で示した如く、本発明の方法により、無水酢酸を用いてアセチル化反応を行う際に副生する粗酢酸から、カメレオン値のみならず着色性も改善された酢酸を得ることができる。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for purifying acetic acid in order to obtain high-quality acetic acid without coloring, which is used for food addition and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for purifying acetic acid by adding urea to crude acetic acid containing acetic acid produced as a by-product when acetylating with acetic anhydride and / or copolymerizing an acetylation target and another monomer. Is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
At present, acetic acid is industrially synthesized by the following method. That is, a method of oxidizing acetaldehyde, a method of directly oxidizing hydrocarbons such as ethylene and naphtha, a method of synthesizing from methanol and carbon monoxide, an olefin epoxidation with peracetic acid, or an acetylation target and other There are a method of obtaining acetic acid as a by-product when co-polymerizing with a monomer, or a method of obtaining acetic acid by-product as a product when acetylating with acetic anhydride. Acetic acid obtained by these methods varies in purity depending on the raw material, production method and other histories, but contains various impurities such as aldehydes, formic acid, propionic acid and other organic acids, ketones, esters, etc. It is usually necessary to repeat distillation using many stages. In particular, when acetic anhydride is used for acetylation, acetic acid produced as a by-product contains many impurities, and it is extremely difficult and economical to obtain high-quality acetic acid without coloring only by repeated distillation and an increase in the number of stages. In reality, this has not been achieved. Several methods have been proposed that combine chemical treatment and distillation to remove these impurities, which are difficult to remove by distillation alone. For example, there is a method that uses an inorganic oxidant such as potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, etc., but if you do not pay sufficient attention to handling during purification distillation, a rapid reaction occurs due to the action of the concentrated and accumulated oxidant, There is a risk of explosion. A method of treating with an additive such as amines utilizing addition reactivity with impurities has also been proposed, but a sufficient effect cannot be obtained by a conventional method. JP-A-51-136613 discloses that acetic acid is produced by contacting aldehyde with oxygen or air in the presence of a catalyst, and urea is added to the obtained reaction crude liquid from which high-boiling impurities have been removed. A method for purifying acetic acid, which is distilled after treatment at 140 ° C. to 200 ° C., is disclosed. However, this method can improve the chameleon value (method according to 3.10 of JIS K1351), but cannot obtain high-quality acetic acid without coloring.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to obtain high-quality acetic acid without coloration from crude acetic acid produced as a by-product when acetylating with acetic anhydride and / or copolymerizing an object to be acetylated with another monomer. It is to provide a method for the purification of acetic acid.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
When the present inventors acetylate using acetic anhydride and / or copolymerize an acetylation object and another monomer, the problem which arises by adding urea to the crude acetic acid byproduced and distilling. The inventors have found that the problem can be solved, and have completed the present invention.
That is, the present invention provides a method for acetylating p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, and 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl, which are acetylation objects, with acetic anhydride and / or the acetylation object. 0.001 to 1% by weight of urea is added to crude acetic acid containing APHA 20 or more containing acetic acid produced as a by- product during copolymerization of polyethylene naphthalate with polyethylene naphthalate, and distilled to obtain acetic acid of APHA 10 or less. A method for purifying acetic acid is provided.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described in detail below.
In the present invention, urea is added to crude acetic acid containing acetic acid produced as a by-product in the acetylation reaction using acetic anhydride and / or copolymerization of the acetylation target and other monomers, and the acetic acid is removed by distillation. This is a purification method.
As an object to be acetylated using acetic anhydride, p- hydroxybenzoic acid, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, 4,4 '- dihydroxybiphenyl and the like can ani gel. Among these, the method of the present invention is preferably used in the acetylation of the monomer in the previous stage to obtain a polyester copolymer having a specific structural unit. The acetylation reaction is carried out by a known method using acetic anhydride. Acetic acid is by-produced with the acetylation reaction using acetic anhydride. Acetic acid is by-produced as the resulting acetylated product is further copolymerized. The acetylation reaction liquid varies depending on the type of the object to be acetylated, impurities in acetic anhydride, etc., but the aldehydes, formic acid, propionic acid and other organic acids, ketones, esters, and acid anhydrides. Impurities such as products, biphenyls, alcohols, ethers or peroxides. The acetylated product and the crude acetic acid containing these impurities are separated by a separation means such as distillation to obtain crude acetic acid. When purifying acetic acid from this crude acetic acid, it is difficult to obtain uncolored acetic acid by repeated distillation alone.
[0006]
In the present invention, the crude acetic acid is usually separated from the reaction mixture after acetylation by distillation, evaporation, extraction or the like.
[0007]
The present invention is a method for purifying acetic acid, which uses the addition reactivity of impurities in the crude acetic acid and urea to localize a colored substance and obtain uncolored acetic acid by distillation. In the present invention, no coloring means APHA 10 or less. The crude acetic acid used in the present invention is APHA 20 or more containing acetic acid produced as a by-product when acetylating with acetic anhydride and / or copolymerizing an acetylated object with another monomer as described above. Of crude acetic acid.
The addition amount of urea is preferably selected from the range of 0.001 to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by weight with respect to the crude acetic acid. Urea may be in powder form or added as a 5-70 wt% aqueous solution, methanol, or ethanol solution. The crude acetic acid at the time of urea addition should just be kept at the temperature of about 20-50 degreeC. Then, the cut amount of the low boiling point component and the high boiling point component is determined by the impurity content in the crude acetic acid, and cut by distillation to obtain purified acetic acid. At this time, the distillation may be either a batch method or a continuous method.
A known apparatus may be used as the distillation apparatus. For example, a continuous distillation apparatus such as a sieve tower, an ordered packed tower, a bubble bell tower, an irregular packed tower, or a batch distillation apparatus equipped with a sieve tray, an ordered packed packing, an irregular packed packing, an bubble bell tray, etc. Also good.
[0008]
The acetic acid thus obtained has a freezing point of 16.3 to 16.6 ° C., a chameleon value of preferably 60 or more, more preferably 120 or more, APHA of preferably 10 or less, more preferably 5 or less. It is used for applications such as raw materials for additives, raw materials for various esters, terephthalic acid solvents, photographic raw materials, and pharmaceutical raw materials.
[0009]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition,% used about the density | concentration in an Example and a comparative example means weight%. The evaluation analysis of acetic acid was performed as follows.
Freezing point: Measured according to JIS K1351 3.7.1.
Chameleon value: Measured according to JIS K1351 3.10.
APHA: Measured according to JIS K1351 3.5.1.
[0010]
(Example 1)
Crude acetic acid was obtained by the method described in Example 1 of JP-A-6-116373. Each dihydroxybiphenyl 27.64 g, acetic anhydride 105.07G, and total charge 0.05% potassium acetate to the amount - i.e., 82.19G terephthalic acid, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene 38.13 g, 4, 4 ' The reactor was charged into a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen introduction tube and a distillation tube, and the inside of the reactor was replaced with nitrogen. Then, the mixture was reacted at 140 ° C. for 1 hour under a nitrogen stream. This was followed by heating to 250 ° C. in 1.5 hours. At this time, about 60 g of acetic acid was distilled off (crude acetic acid 1). Next, after adding 119.84 g of polyethylene terephthalate to this reaction system, it heated to 270 degreeC in 1.5 hours, and also stirred at 270 degreeC for 1 hour. By this time, 90% or more of the theoretical acetic acid distillate had been distilled (crude acetic acid 2). Next, the inside of the reactor was gradually depressurized at 270 ° C., and further depressurized to 1 mmHg or less in 0.2 hours, and the reaction was performed at this pressure for 3 hours. During this vacuum, a small amount of acetic acid was distilled off (crude acetic acid 3).
Crude acetic acid obtained by mixing these three types of crude acetic acid was APHA100 having an acetic acid concentration of 96% and an acetic anhydride concentration of 2%. A 20% urea aqueous solution was charged so that the urea content was 500 ppm with respect to the crude acetic acid. The crude acetic acid added with urea was distilled under the conditions of 60 stages, reflux ratio of 10 and low boiling point component cut rate of 10%. Next, the bottoms were distilled under the conditions of 40 stages, reflux ratio of 1 and high boiling component cut rate of 10% to obtain purified acetic acid. The properties of the purified acetic acid were a freezing point of 16 ° C., a chameleon value of 120 minutes, and APHA3.
[0011]
(Comparative Example 1)
Purified acetic acid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no urea aqueous solution was added. The properties of the purified acetic acid were a freezing point of 16 ° C., a chameleon value of 100 minutes, and APHA20.
[0012]
(Example 2)
The crude acetic acid obtained by acetylation in the same manner as in Example 1 was filled with 20% urea aqueous solution so that the urea content was 700 ppm with respect to the total amount, and the number of stages was 60, the reflux ratio was 10, and the initial fraction was 10%. Then, the bottoms were distilled in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain purified acetic acid. 10% of the high boiling point component remained in the bottom of the can. The properties of the purified acetic acid were a freezing point of 16 ° C., a chameleon value of 120 minutes, and APHA3.
[0013]
(Comparative Example 2)
Purified acetic acid was obtained in the same manner as Example 2 except that no urea aqueous solution was added.
The properties of the purified acetic acid were a freezing point of 16 ° C., a chameleon value of 100 minutes, and APHA15.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
As shown in the Examples, by the method of the present invention, acetic acid with improved colorability as well as chameleon value can be obtained from crude acetic acid by-produced when acetic anhydride is used for the acetylation reaction.

Claims (1)

無水酢酸を用いて、アセチル化対象物であるp−ヒドロキシ安息香酸、1,4−ジヒドロキシベンゼン及び4,4′−ジヒドロキシビフェニルをアセチル化する際及び/又は前記アセチル化対象物とポリエチレンナフタレートとを共重合する際に副生する酢酸を含むAPHA20以上の粗酢酸に、粗酢酸に対して0.001〜1重量%の尿素を添加し、蒸留してAPHA10以下の酢酸を得ることを特徴とする酢酸の精製方法。When acetic anhydride is used to acetylate p-hydroxybenzoic acid, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene and 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, which are acetylation objects, and / or the acetylation object and polyethylene naphthalate Characterized in that 0.001 to 1% by weight of urea is added to crude acetic acid of APHA 20 or more containing acetic acid produced as a by- product during copolymerization and distilled to obtain acetic acid of APHA 10 or less. A method for purifying acetic acid.
JP01236699A 1999-01-20 1999-01-20 Method for purifying acetic acid Expired - Lifetime JP4159160B2 (en)

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