JP4157230B2 - Concentrator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to an apparatus for condensing parallel light onto an optical fiber, and one of the typical usage modes is a solar light concentrator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  The most typical conventional concentrator is one that positions the front end surface of an optical fiber at the focal point of a condensing lens. One example is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-44282. The convex lens becomes thick when it has a large condensing diameter, and is not suitable as a sunlight condensing lens. The Fresnel lens is plate-like and thin, and even if it has a large condensing diameter, it does not become very thick, so it is suitable for a condensing lens.
[0003]
  By the way, when the incident angle of light with respect to the tip surface of the optical fiber (angle with respect to the center line of the optical fiber) is large, the light is reflected by total reflection and does not enter the optical fiber. If a Fresnel lens with a large light receiving surface diameter and a short focal length is used, most of the condensed light will not enter the optical fiber, so the focal length increases as the light receiving surface diameter (condensing area) of the lens increases. There is a need. As a result, the distance between the lens / optical fiber front end surface becomes long, resulting in a thick (high) condenser in the direction toward the sun. In order to avoid this, a large number of small-diameter lenses are arranged in a honeycomb to form a wide light-receiving surface, and the front end surface of each optical fiber is positioned at the focal position of each small-diameter lens. Such a disclosure is disclosed in the above Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-44282, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-73922 discloses a solar condensing device that directs a concentrator in which a large number of small-diameter lenses are arranged in a honeycomb to the sun. Yes.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, since the light receiving area per optical fiber is small, the number of optical fibers increases as the light receiving area is increased. If the light-receiving area per optical fiber is small, a small-diameter optical fiber with a small amount of transmitted light can be used, but the lens focal point is correctly focused on the tip, and the tip of the optical fiber is out of focus even during solar tracking. It becomes difficult to avoid. Therefore, it is not possible to use an optical fiber having a very small diameter, and an excessive amount of optical fiber material is eventually used.
[0005]
  The first object of the present invention is to reduce the thickness of the concentrator in the direction of viewing the sun, and to reduce the amount of optical fiber material relative to the total amount of light receiving area, in other words, to reduce the amount of optical fiber used per light receiving area. The second object is to reduce the above. A third object is to reduce the number of drive mechanisms for tracking the sun relative to the total light receiving area, and a fourth object is to receive a large area in a low posture.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) A casing including a bottom plate (31), a side plate (33) surrounding an opening opposed to the bottom plate, and a translucent member (36 / 36f) for closing the opening;
  A first mirror (40a) that is in the casing and reflects light that has passed through the translucent member (36 / 36f) and entered the casing;
  The casingofInsidespaceLocated in front of the first mirrorSecondReflects the reflected light of 1 mirror (40a)SmallShape, curved surface with short focal length,haveSecond mirror (52); and
  An optical fiber (71) having a tip surface facing the second mirror (52) and a center thereof on the optical axis of the second mirror (52);
  Second mirror (52) The curved surface of which the reflection optical axis is directed to the inside of the casing, and the reflection optical axis is the translucent member. (36 / 36f) Perpendicular toLocated on the reflected optical axis of the first mirror (40a)And second mirror (52) IsSupported by the translucent member; 1st mirror(40a)The second mirror reflects light that has entered the inner space of the casing through the translucent member.(52)Reflecting on the curved surface;At least one of the translucent member (36 / 36f) and the first mirror (40a) is a condensing element having a long focal length;
  In order to facilitate understanding, the reference numerals of corresponding elements of the embodiments shown in the drawings and described later are added in parentheses for reference. The same applies to the following.
[0007]
  According to this, the translucent member (36 / 36f) or the first mirror (40a) is condensed at a long focal length, and the first mirror (40a) is reflected in the direction of the translucent member (36 / 36f). The second mirror (52) reflects this reflected light back toward the bottom plate (31) and enters the optical fiber (71). The optical path is a translucent member (36 / 36f) / first mirror (40a) / second mirror (52) / optical fiber (71). 36f) / bottom plate (31) is about 2.5 times the distance, so even with a relatively short distance between the transparent member (36 / 36f) / bottom plate (31), the optical fiber (71 ) Can receive focused light. As a result, even if the light receiving area of the condenser is increased, the thickness in the direction of viewing the sun can be designed to be small, and the amount of optical fiber used per light receiving area can be reduced. It is possible to receive a large area in a low posture.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(2) The first mirror (40a) is a large, long focal length curved mirror that reflects and collects the light that has passed through the translucent member (36 / 36f) and entered the casing. AhRu ( Figure12, FIG. 23, FIG. 24).
(3) The translucent member (36f) is a large, long focal length Fresnel lens (36f) (FIGS. 22 and 23).
(4) The second mirror (52) passes through the bottom plate (31) at a position where the optical axis of the second mirror (52) intersects the bottom plate (31), and faces the second mirror (52) with the optical axis as an axis. The light collecting device further includes a lighting cone (61) having a conical reflecting surface (63) for receiving the reflected light and connected to the optical fiber (71) at the tip of the cone (FIGS. 12, 22 to 24). ).
(5) The second mirror (52) passes through the bottom plate at a position where the optical axis of the second mirror (52) intersects the bottom plate (31), and the reflected light is opposed to the second mirror (52) with the optical axis as an axis. A daylighting member having a daylighting conical hole (63) having a conical reflecting surface (63) for receiving the light and connecting to the optical fiber (71) at the tip of the cone, and a flow path (62) for passing a heat exchange fluid ( 61); (FIG. 24).
(6) Including an inner port opened in the casing inner space, an outer port opened outside the casing, and a valve element (107) for opening and closing between the two ports The light collecting device further includes a valve device (92) attached to the casing (31) (FIG. 14).
(7) The translucent member (36f) is a large, long focal length Fresnel lens (36f), and the first mirror (40pm) is a plane mirror (40pm) (FIG. 22).
(8) The translucent member (36f) is a large Fresnel lens (36f) having a long focal length, and the first mirror (40pm) is a curved mirror (40a) (FIG. 23).
(9) One or more first sets of shaft bodies (B1) extending in a predetermined direction (SA); the first set with respect to a plane (Sp) parallel to the axis of the first set of shaft bodies (B1) Bearings (C11, C12) that rotatably support the shaft body (B1) about the shaft center; first driving means for rotationally driving the first set of shaft bodies (B1) about the shaft center ( ES1, D11); extended in a direction (FA) perpendicular to the first set of shaft bodies (B1), and supported by the first set of shaft bodies (B1) so as to be rotatable around an axis extending in this direction. The second set of the first shaft body (4) and the first shaft body (4) supporting the first set of light collectors (21 to 24) are fixed to the shaft center with the center of rotation aligned. 1st support machine (A11) including 1 wheel (7) and 1st worm (12) which meshes with 1st wheel (7) and is parallel to 1st set of shaft bodies (B1) A shaft body identical to the first set of shaft bodies (B1) supporting the second set of first shaft bodies (4) and supported in the same manner as the second set of first shaft bodies (4); Second to support two sets of concentrators The second wheel, the second wheel fixed to the second shaft with the center of rotation aligned with the center of rotation, and the second wheel meshed with the second wheel and parallel to the first set of shafts (B1). A second supporting machine (A12) including a second worm, and a connecting member (I11) and a second mechanically coupling the first and second worms to simultaneously rotate in the same direction. A light collecting device further comprising driving means (EF1).
[0009]
  In the most typical usage mode, the predetermined direction (SA) is a horizontal axis (east-west axis) extending in the east-west direction, and in this case, the first set of shaft bodies (B1) is configured to rotate the elevation. The center, a plane (Sp) parallel to the shaft body (B1) is a horizontal plane (or a rooftop plane), and the first driving means (ES1, D11) are elevation drivers. The second set of the first shaft body (4) and the second shaft body are respectively the centers of azimuth rotation, and the connecting member (I11) and the second drive means (EF1) are azimuth drive machines. The first and second support machines (mainly composed of the first shaft body (4) and the second shaft body, respectively) of the first set of shaft bodies (B1). A11, A12) That is, since two azimuth mechanisms are supported, a large amount of concentrators (wide total light receiving area) can be supported by a small amount of mechanisms.
[0010]
  The first and second support machines (A11, A12) are distributed in the direction (SA) along the east-west axis, and therefore, it is possible to ensure a wide light receiving area without increasing the height. One of the first set of shaft bodies (B1) can be further equipped with third and fourth support machines (A13, A14). In this case, the first set of shaft bodies (B1) becomes longer. By supporting it parallel to the plane (Sp) via a plurality of bearings (C11 to C14) distributed in the length direction (SA), the load of the support machine group (A11 to A14) is reduced to the first. Distributed in the direction (SA) along the central axis of the pair of shaft bodies (B1) and received by the plane (Sp). Since the load is dispersed in the uniaxial direction (SA) of the plane (Sp), the support structure of the first set of shaft bodies (B1) does not need to be as strong as the support structure of the conventional vertical column. Installation of the pair of shaft bodies (B1) is easy.
(10) Each support machine (A11, A12) is fixed upright at right angles to the first set of shaft bodies (B1), and supports (1) which rotatably support the second set of shaft bodies (4), And a duct pipe (20) having one end fixed to the first set of shaft bodies (B1) and the other end coupled to one end of the second set of shaft bodies (4). ) And the second set of shaft bodies (4) are hollow pipes that communicate with each other via the inner space of the duct pipe (20). According to this, the series of the first set of shaft bodies (B1), the duct pipe (20), and the second set of shaft bodies (4) can be used for the duct of the optical fiber drawn out from the concentrator. In this case, wiring is easy.
(11) Each of the first set of shaft bodies (B1, B2) similarly supports a plurality of support machines (A21, A22) having the same structure as the first and second support machines (A11, A12). The first drive means (ES1, D11) simultaneously drives the plurality (B1, B2) to rotate in the same direction via the interlocking mechanism.
[0011]
  According to this, when the predetermined direction (SA) is a horizontal axis (east-west axis) extending in the east-west direction, a plurality of four or more support machines (A11, A12, A21, A22) extend along the support surface (Sp). Matrix distribution (two-dimensional distribution in the east-west direction and the north-south direction), and all of them are simultaneously driven in the same direction by the first drive means (ES1, D11) in the elevation direction. In the azimuth direction, two (A11 and A12 / A21 and A2 2) supported by the same first set of shaft bodies (B1, B2) are simultaneously driven in the same direction. Although the number of supporters (A11, A12, A21, A22) that support the concentrator is large and the total light receiving area can be designed wide, the height of the concentrator does not have to be particularly high. The support structure of the first set of shaft bodies (B1, B2) that support the support machine need not be designed to be particularly strong. Further, even when the total light receiving area is increased, the height does not increase significantly, so that there is a low possibility of blocking sunlight to other people's estates outside the installation section.
(12) Each strut (1) of each support machine (A11, A12, A21, A22) supports each worm (12) rotatably, and the first set of shaft bodies (B1, B2) Each worm support frame (10) that restrains the movement of the worm (12) was fixed in the extending direction.
[0012]
  According to this, the rotation of the second set of shaft bodies (4) due to the external force such as wind force being applied to the concentrator is caused by the column (12) and the worm support frame (10) through the support column (10). Blocked by 1). That is, the worm (12) and the worm support frame (10) function as a stopper for preventing the rotation of the second set of shaft bodies (4) due to external force.
(13) means (80, 131) for detecting a directivity shift (shift in a target direction) of the light collector (21-24) supported by the support device (A11) with respect to the solar position (sunlight arrival direction); Drive for rotationally driving the first set of shaft bodies (B1) and the second set of shaft bodies (4) via the first drive means (ES1, D11) and the second drive means (EF1) so as to reduce the deviation. It further includes control means (131; FIGS. 17, 18).
(14) The drive control means (131) includes a first set of shaft bodies (B1) and a second set of shaft bodies (4) driven by rotation of the first drive means (ES1, D11) and the second drive means (EF1). ) Is increased when the follow-up of the collectors (21 to 24) with respect to changes in the solar position is delayed, and decelerated when it proceeds (FIG. 19).
(15) Drive control means, further comprising: light detection means (PSm, PSn) for detecting whether or not the sunlight irradiation is above a predetermined level (Stm, Stn) and whether the sunlight irradiation direction is in the morning or afternoon angle; (131) is the first set of shafts by the first drive means (ES1, D11) when the sunlight irradiation direction changes from the morning angle to the afternoon angle when there is sunlight irradiation above a predetermined level. When the rotation driving direction of (B1) is reversed and there is no sunlight irradiation exceeding a predetermined level, the first set of shaft bodies (1) by the rotation driving of the first driving means (ES1, D11) and the second driving means (EF1) ( B1) and the second set of shaft bodies (4) are stopped from rotating (FIG. 16).
(16) means (Seh, Sah, 131) for detecting whether or not the light collectors (21-24) supported by the support machine (A11) are in the reference posture (HP); and the drive control means (131) When the reference posture is detected, the posture data is updated to that of the reference posture, and the first drive means (ES1, D11) and the second drive means are provided while there is sunlight irradiation above a predetermined level. (EF1) is pulse-driven and the posture data is updated by the amount of posture change, and when there is no more than the predetermined level of sunlight irradiation, the drive is stopped and the elapsed time (Rwc) is measured. The first drive means (ES1, D11) and the second drive means (EF1) corresponding to the amount of change in the solar position during the elapsed time (Rwc) when there is a change from non-sunlight irradiation above the level to yes High-speed pulse driving is performed, and the attitude data is updated correspondingly (FIG. 21).
(17) The drive control means (131) pulse-drives the first drive means (ES1, D11) and the second drive means (EF1), and changes the attitude data by the pulse drive every time the pulse drive is performed. When there is no sunlight irradiation above the specified level and the attitude data is outside the setting range, the collector (21-24) is set to the reference attitude (HP) and sunlight exceeding the specified level is updated. Wait for irradiation (Figure 20).
(18) The drive control means (131) is configured so that the value obtained by adding the amount of change in the solar position during the elapsed time (Rwc) to the attitude data when there is no sunlight irradiation exceeding a predetermined level. When it comes off, the collectors (21 to 24) are set to the reference posture (HP), and the presence of sunlight irradiation above a predetermined level is waited (FIG. 20).
[0013]
  Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
【Example】
  -1st Example-
  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, 4 × 4 = 16 support machines A11 to A14, A21 to A24, A31 to A34, A41 to A44 are arranged in a matrix along the reference plane Sp. The first set of four support machines A11 to A14 are supported by the first set of first shaft bodies B1, and the second set of four support machines A21 to A24 are set of the first set of second shaft bodies B2. The third set of four support machines A31 to A34 are supported by the first set of third shaft bodies B3, and the fourth set of four support machines A41 to A44 are supported by the first set of first shafts B3. It is supported by a 4-axis body B4.
[0015]
  In FIG. 1, each support machine Aij (i = 1 to 4, j = 1 to 4) supports four condensers (indicated by reference numerals 21 to 24 in A11), and the light receiving surface of the condenser is A state where each support machine Aij is laid down so as to be parallel to the reference plane Sp is shown, and this state is a reference posture of each support machine Aij. In this state, FIG. 2 shows a plane in which all the concentrators are deleted and indicated by a two-dot chain thin line. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the left side surface of the support machine viewed from the left end side in FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrow SA. Please refer to FIG. The first set of first shaft bodies B1 is a hollow pipe, and is supported by four bearings C11 to C14 so as to be rotatable around the axis and parallel to the reference plane Sp. The first set of the second shaft body B2 to the fourth shaft body B4 are also hollow pipes of the same size and material as the shaft body B1, and each of the four bearings C21 to C24, C31 to C34, and C41 to C44 has an axis center. It is supported so as to be rotatable about the center and parallel to the reference plane Sp.
[0016]
  In the most preferred usage mode, the reference plane Sp is the plane on the roof of the building, and the SA shown in the figure is the east-west axis, the SA arrow direction is west, FA is the north-south axis, FA arrow direction is north, TA is the vertical axis. The arrow direction of TA is the sky. In this mode of use, the first set of shaft bodies B1 to B4 are elevation rotation shafts, a second set of 4 × shown in FIG. 2 that is orthogonal to these axes and extends in the FA direction. Four axes (A11 is indicated by reference numeral 4) serve as azimuth rotation axes.
[0017]
  When the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is installed on the east wall of the building, the reference plane Sp is the east wall, SA is the north-south axis, FA is the vertical axis, and TA is the east-west axis. When the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is installed on the south wall surface of the building, the reference plane Sp is the south wall surface, SA is the east-west axis, FA is the vertical axis, and TA is the north-south axis. When the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is installed on the west wall of the building, the reference plane Sp is the west wall, SA is the north-south axis, FA is the vertical axis, and TA is the east-west axis. In addition, even if the wall surface is not correctly horizontal, correctly eastward, correctly southward, or correctly westward, it can be used as the reference plane Sp as long as it is a plane on which sunlight hits. That is, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is installed on the plane, and sunlight can be received by the concentrator.
[0018]
  However, in order to simplify the understanding, in the following, it is assumed that the illustrated SA is the east-west axis, FA is the north-south axis, and TA is the vertical axis. That is, the shaft bodies B1 to B4 are elevation rotation shafts, a second set of 4 × 4 shafts (of A11 shown in FIG. 2) that are orthogonal to these shafts and extend in the FA direction. Is indicated by reference numeral 4) is an azimuth rotation axis.
[0019]
  FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the first set of first support machines A11 located in the first row F1 and the first column S1 shown in FIGS. A quadrangular cylindrical column 1 is fixed to the first set of first shaft bodies B1 at a right angle. The second set of first shaft bodies 4 is also a hollow pipe, and the shaft body 4 is freely rotatable by the arms 2 and 3 via the respective bearings, but is restrained from moving in the direction in which the shaft center extends. And supported. The arms 2 and 3 are fixed to the column 1 after supporting the shaft body 4.
[0020]
  One end of the U-shaped duct pipe 20 is fixed to the shaft body B <b> 1, and the other end enters the inside of one end of the shaft body 4. Fixed plates 5 and 6 and a wheel 7 are fixed to the shaft body 4. The wheel 7 is roughly the shaft 4 and is located in the middle portion. Concentrator support frames 8 and 9 are fixed to the wheel 7 and the fixing plates 5 and 6, and two concentrators 21 are provided on each of these frames 8 and 9. ~ 24(Fig. 10)Is fixed.
[0021]
  FIG. 5 shows a mechanism member that rotatably supports the shaft body 4. FIG. 5 shows a state in which the arms 2 and 3 are already fixed to the column 1, and the shafts 4 are freely rotatable in the arms 2 and 3 until they are fixed to the column 1. In the direction along the heart, it is immovably coupled.
[0022]
  In FIG. 6, the mechanism member which fixes and supports the collectors 21-24 is shown. The support frames 8 and 9 have a symmetrical shape with respect to the wheel 7 between them, and each has three bolts 21h1 to 21h3 and 22h1 to three concentrators for one condenser. 22h3 / 23h1-23h3 and 24h1-24h3. In each of the condensers 21 to 24, three fixing bolts are hermetically fixed to the bottom plate by welding, and by passing them through the above bolt through holes and attaching nuts and screwing, The concentrators 21 to 24 are integrated and fixed to the support frames 8 and 9. In addition to the washers, in addition to the washers, several thickness rings for fine tilt adjustment are selectively mounted, and these are tightened with nuts so that the concentrators 21 to 21 for the support frames 8 and 9 are attached. The respective mounting postures can be adjusted. FIG. 10 shows the relative positions of the support frames 8 and 9 and the collectors 21 to 24 attached thereto.
[0023]
  Refer to FIGS. 4 and 5 again. A co-shaped worm support frame 10 is fixed to the column 1 at a position facing the tooth surface of the wheel 7, and the frame 10 is engaged with the wheel 7. -M 12 (Fig.8, Fig. 9) Is supported by restricting movement in the direction in which the axis extends, although it is rotatable.
[0024]
  FIG. 7 shows an outline of meshing between the wheel 7 and the worm 12, and FIG. 8 shows the worm 12 and the wheel 7 in an enlarged manner. Referring to FIG. 8, there is a quadrangular hole in the center of the worm 12, and the quadrangular columns at the leg ends of the couplers 13 and 14 are press-fitted into the quadrangular hole. The couplers 13 and 14 are generally head-like pin-like, and have a round bar-like neck portion of the leg that penetrates the frame 10 and is rotatably supported by a bearing. Is press-fitted into the worm 12. The heads of the couplers 13 and 14 have quadrangular holes, and the quadrangular columns at the ends of the coupling rod I11 are fitted in the square holes of the coupler 13. Accordingly, when the connecting rod I11 rotates, the connecting tool 13 and the worm 12 rotate in the same manner, whereby the wheel 7 rotates. That is, the shaft 4 integrated with the wheel 7 rotates. Since the concentrators 21 to 24 are fixed to the shaft body 4 via the support frames 8 and 9 as shown in FIG. 4, the concentrators 21 to 24 rotate around the shaft body 4. To do.
[0025]
  4 and 9, a large-diameter spur gear 15 is integrally fixed to the connector 14, and an intermediate gear 16 is engaged with the spur gear 15 as shown in FIG. A driving gear 17 fixed to the output shaft of the electric driving machine EF1 incorporating a stepping motor and a reduction gear is engaged with the intermediate gear 16. FIG. 4 shows an outline of the electric drive mechanism shown in FIG. The wheel 7 can be rotationally driven by the electric drive machine EF1 through the gears 17, 16, 15, the coupler 14, and the worm 12. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. The light collectors 21 to 24 can be rotationally driven within a range of about 180 degrees around the body 4. This rotational drive is azimuth drive.
[0026]
  Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 again. As described above, the first set of first support machines A11 located in the first row F1 and the first column S1 are supported by the first set of first shaft bodies B1. The second to fourth support machines A12 to A14 located in the second to fourth rows S2 to S4 are also supported by the first set of first shaft bodies B1. However, the second to fourth support machines A12 to A14 do not include the active drive elements EF1 and 15 to 17 included in the first support machine A11, and the second to fourth support machines A12 to A14 described above. The worm 12-compatible worm is connected to the worm 12 by connecting rods I11, I12 and I13 (FIG. 2), and simultaneously rotates in the same direction and at the same speed. Therefore, the condensers of the second to fourth support machines A12 to A14 also rotate at the same speed in the same direction simultaneously with the condensers 21 to 24 of the first support machine A11. That is, the set of active drive elements EF1, 15 to 17 provided in the first support machine A11 simultaneously drives the first set of all support machines A11 to A14 in azimuth.
[0027]
  In FIG. 2, mechanisms H11, H21, H31 and H41 surrounded by a double-dot chain double circle are azimuth drive mechanisms having the above-described active drive elements (EF1, 15 to 17). The circled mechanism parts H12 to H14, H22 to H24, H32 to H34, and H42 to H44 are azimuth drive mechanisms that include only a driven mechanism in which the worm is rotationally driven by a connecting rod without an active drive element. That is, the support machines A11, A21, A31, and A41 in the first row S1 shown in FIG. 1 include the azimuth drive mechanism having the active drive elements, but the support machines A12 to A14, A22 to the second to fourth rows S2 to S4. A24, A32 to A34 and A42 to A44 include an azimuth driving mechanism including only a driven mechanism.
[0028]
  The elevation drive mechanism that rotationally drives the first set of shaft bodies B1 to B4 also uses a combination of worms and wheels, similar to the azimuth drive mechanism described above. Referring to FIG. 2, two wheels are fixed to the first shaft B1 of the first set, and each worm meshing with each wheel is freely rotatable by support bases D11 and D12. And it is supported by restraining movement in the direction in which the axis extends. Two wheels are similarly fixed to each of the other shaft bodies B2 to B4, and the worms meshing with the wheels are supported by the support bases D21, D22 / D31, D32 / D41, D42. In the direction in which the axis is rotatable and the axis extends, the movement is restrained and supported. As with the azimuth drive system described above, each worm supported by each of the support bases D11 to D42 is three connecting rods (one of which is G11) and simultaneously rotates in the same direction at the same speed. The worms connected and supported by the support bases D12 to D42 are connected by three connecting rods (one of which is G12) so as to rotate at the same speed in the same direction at the same time.
[0029]
  Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the worm supported by the first set of first support bases D11 is connected to the stepping motor and the speed reducer via a gear train in the same manner as the azimuth drive mechanism shown in FIG. The first set of all shaft bodies B1 to B4 is simultaneously rotated in the same direction at the same speed. This is elevation driving. Since the four support machines (A11 to A14) are supported by one shaft body (for example, B1), the load of the elevation drive of the first set of all shaft bodies B1 to B4 is large. Further, for example, when all the support machines A11 to A44 are set up vertically, a strong rotational force is applied to the shaft bodies B1 to B4 due to the wind pressure, thereby adding a strong stopper function so that the shaft bodies B1 to B4 do not rotate. There is a need. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, another set of elevation drive mechanisms (D12 to D42, ES2) having the same structure as the above-described elevation drive mechanisms (D11 to D41, ES1) is used. It couple | bonds with 1 set of all the shaft bodies B1-B4, and energizes two sets of elevation drive mechanisms simultaneously.
[0030]
  As shown in FIG. 2, there is a duct CAd between the bearing row having the bearing C12 and the bearing row having C13, which extends in the north-south direction (FA). In this embodiment, the concentrators (21 to 24), which will be described in detail later, collect sunlight and put it into the optical fiber. The optical fiber connected to the concentrator is a second set. The shaft body (4), that is, penetrates the hole on the circumferential surface of the azimuth shaft, enters the inner space thereof, extends along the shaft center, and enters the first set of shaft bodies (B1) through the duct pipe 20, Then, it enters into the duct CAd and is assembled into a cable OFc there. That is, the optical fiber cable OFc passes through the duct CAd. The first set of all shaft bodies B1 to B4 penetrates the duct CAd in the lateral direction SA and is rotatable with respect to the duct CAd. In order to pass the optical fiber group branched from the optical fiber cable OFc through the first set of all shafts B1 to B4, the region located in the duct CAd of all the shafts B1 to B4 There is an opening (side opening) for inserting an optical fiber over 90 degrees of the entire circumference (90 degrees). The rotation range of the elevation drive is 90 degrees, and the opening width (1/4 circumference) is matched with this range.
[0031]
  Reference is again made to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the light receiving surfaces (surfaces facing the sun) of the condensers (21 to 24) are parallel to both the SA and FA axes (perpendicular to the TA axis). ; Parallel to the reference plane Sp) is defined as the reference posture of the condenser, and is set as the standby posture. At this time, the support column 1 and the shaft body 4 are parallel to the FA axis. In this state, the rotation angle (elevation angle) of the shaft body B1 is set to +90 degrees, the rotation angle (azimuth angle) of the shaft body 4 is set to +90 degrees, and these are referred to as a home position (HP). In addition, as shown by a two-dot chain line 4 in FIG. 3, the rotation angle (elevation angle) of the shaft body B1 is 0 degree in the vertically upright state in which the support column 1 is erected parallel to the TA axis. In this vertical standing state, when the concentrators 21 to 24 are at the solid line positions in FIG. 7, the azimuth home position with the azimuth angle of +90 degrees is described. When the light collectors 21 to 24 are rotated by 90 degrees counterclockwise (upper side in FIG. 7) from this solid line position, the azimuth angle is 0 degrees, and the light receiving surfaces of the light collectors 21 to 24 are in the SA axis. It is orthogonal and faces east. When the light collectors 21 to 24 are rotated 90 degrees clockwise from the solid line position (upper side in FIG. 7), the azimuth angle is 180 degrees, and the light receiving surfaces of the light collectors 21 to 24 are orthogonal to the SA axis. , Facing west. In this embodiment, the support machine (A11 to A44) has the lying posture shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 as the reference posture, and this is set as the standby posture when the posture is the lowest and the external force such as wind is small. Because I thought.
[0032]
  In order to detect whether or not the condenser supporter A11 is in this reference position (home position), as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, an elevation HP detection switch Seh is provided on the column 1, and A switch Sah for detecting azimuth HP is mounted on the arm 3. The switch Seh is switched on when the elevation angle is less than +90 degrees, and is switched off when the elevation angle is +90 degrees or more (falling posture). That is, the elevation HP is switched off. The switch Sah is switched on when the azimuth angle is outside +90 degrees, and is switched off when the azimuth angle is +90 degrees. That is, the azimuth HP is switched off.
[0033]
  The four condensers 21 to 24 shown in FIG. 10 are supported on the support machine A11. Between the concentrators 21, 22 and 23, 24 there is a wheel 7 and a gap through which the connecting rod I11 can pass.
[0034]
  In FIG. 11, the external appearance of the collector 22 is shown. The light collector 22 is roughly a hollow cube in which a quadrangular aperture is sealed with a light-transmitting plate 36, and the outer surface of the light-transmitting plate 36 is a light receiving surface (a surface that receives sunlight). In this cube, four parabolic mirrors 40a to 40d having a focal length shorter than the depth and the same size and shape are integrally formed by pressing, polishing and plating a metal plate. A pair of mirrors 40 is housed. In the center of each parabolic mirror 40a to 40d, there is a respective daylighting device 60a to 60d, and in the vicinity of each focal point of each parabolic mirror 40a to 40d, a second set fixed to the translucent plate 36. There are reflectors 50a-50d.
[0035]
  FIG. 12 shows a FA-TA cross section at the position of the reflector 50a in FIG. Please refer to FIG. 11 and FIG. One parabolic mirror 40a, a daylighting device 60a at the center thereof, and a second set of reflectors 50a that reflect the light reflected and collected by the parabolic mirror 40a to the daylighting device 60a. Is a light collecting unit of the minimum unit. As shown in FIG. 11, one concentrator is composed of four sets of such condensing units, and each of the support machines A11 to A44 has four concentrators as shown in FIG. To support.
[0036]
  Refer to FIGS. 11 and 12 again. A round hole for mounting the daylighting devices 60a to 60d is opened at the center position of each of the parabolic mirrors 40a to 40d of the first set of mirrors 40. The bottom plate 31 of the condenser 22 has round holes that match these round holes, and a bush 64 for hermetic sealing with high heat resistance is press-fitted into the round holes of the bottom plate 31 and the mirror 40. ing. The lighting tube 61 passes through the hole in the center of the bush 64, and its flange 62 is in the condenser and contacts the bush 64. There is a large-diameter male screw on the outer periphery of the trunk portion of the lighting tube 61 that protrudes out of the light collector through the bush 64, and this passes through the washer 65, the fixing nut 66, and the lock nut 67 that contact the bush 64. . By tightening the fixing nut 66 with respect to the male screw of the lighting tube 61, the flange 62 and the washer 65 of the lighting tube 61 clamp the bush 64. That is, it squeezes. When the hermetic sealing of the lighting device mounting portion is insufficient due to this clamping pressure, the heat mounting sealant is applied in advance to the inner and outer surfaces of the bush 64 and then the lighting device is mounted. After the fixing nut 66 is sufficiently screwed, the lock nut 67 is screwed to prevent the locking nut 66 from loosening.
[0037]
  The lighting tube 61 has a conical hole, and its inner wall surface, that is, the conical surface 63 is a mirror surface. A light converging lens 75 is mounted in advance on the inner opening of the condenser in this hole, and is pressed by a cap 76. The lower bottom portion (corresponding to the apex position of the cone) of the hole in the conical surface reaches the bottom surface of the round hole that receives the tip of the ferrule 73, and is slightly smaller than the effective light receiving cross-sectional size of the optical fiber 71 on the bottom surface. Is the opening. The optical fiber 71 is in a highly airtight seamless stainless steel pipe 72, the pipe 72 is fixed to the ferrule 73, the tip of the optical fiber 71 is fixed to the ferrule 73, and the tip surface thereof is ferrule. It is at the center position of the tip surface (light receiving end) of the lens 73. In order to ensure the airtightness of the inner space of the light collector 22, an airtight seal material is filled between the optical fiber 71 and the inner surface of the seamless stainless steel pipe 72 inside the ferrule 73. ing. In FIG. 12, the stainless steel pipe 72 is cut out and the optical fiber 71 is exposed, but the optical fiber 71 is in the stainless steel pipe 72 over the entire length except for the end portion in the ferrule. .
[0038]
  The stainless steel pipe 72 that protects the optical fiber 71 passes through a presser cap nut 68 and a rubber disc 69 for hermetic sealing that is press-fitted therein. There is a compression coil spring 74 between the rubber disc 69 and the ferrule 73. By accepting the small-diameter male screw at the tip of the light-collecting tube 61 into the female screw of the cap nut 68, and tightening the cap nut 68, The compression coil spring 74 presses the tip end surface of the ferrule 73 against the bottom surface of the ferrule receiving round hole of the lighting tube 61, and the rubber disc 69 is pressed against the outer end surface of the lighting tube 61 to be compressed. The outer end surface of the lighting tube 61 is closed in an airtight manner.
[0039]
  The optical fiber line 70 (optical fiber 71 + pipe 72) is provided with the support devices A11 to A44 at predetermined positions (for example, on the roof of a building), and after the light collectors (21 to 24) are attached thereto, (60a-60d), as shown in FIG. Until this connection, in order to keep the inner space of the condenser from the outside air and keep it airtight, it is the same as the cap nut 68, but the rubber disc 69 therein has a hole for pipe insertion. A cap nut that is not screwed is screwed to the outer end of the lighting tube 61 to close the outer end opening of the lighting tube 61.
[0040]
  A round hole is opened at the position where the central axis of the light collection tube 61 intersects the light transmitting plate 36, and a bush 55 for airtight seal with high weather resistance is press-fitted into the second set of the central holes of the bush 55. The threaded rod 53 of the small mirror 51 of the reflector 50a passes through from the condenser. The small mirror 51 is shaped like a bolt having a large cylindrical screw head, and a small parabolic mirror 52 is formed on the head corresponding to the screw head.
[0041]
  Generally speaking, the position of the focal point of the parabolic mirror 52 is the same as the focal position of the parabolic mirror 40a, and when the optical axis of the parabolic mirror 40a is correctly aligned with the solar light path, that is, When the parabolic mirror 40a is accurately directed to the sun, the light reflected by the parabolic mirror 40a is focused on the focal point and reflected by the parabolic mirror 52 to become a parallel beam, and the lens 75. To. At this time, the distance between the center positions of the parabolic mirror 40a and the parabolic mirror 52 (distance between the mirror surfaces) is the reference distance = the focal distance of the parabolic mirror 40a + the focal distance of the parabolic mirror 52. When the distance between the mirror surfaces is shorter than the reference distance, the light beam reflected by the parabolic mirror 52 toward the lens 75 is divergent, and conversely, when the distance is long, the optical beam is diminished. Even if the lens 75 is not provided, the lens 75 is omitted if the light beam reflected by the parabolic mirror 52 is substantially focused at the apex position of the conical mirror surface 63 or immediately before and after it. May be. However, it is preferable to include the lens 75 in order to perform daylighting efficiently even if the mirror surface processing accuracy of the parabolic mirror 40a and the parabolic mirror 52 is low.
[0042]
  The screw mirror 53 of the small mirror 51 passes through the inner washer 54, the bush 55, the outer washer 56 and the fixing nut 57, and the bush 55 is squeezed by screwing the fixing nut 57 to the screw rod 53, An airtight seal is provided between the screw rod 53 and the translucent plate 36. If necessary, a lock nut is further screwed to the screw rod 53 and the fixing nut 57 is pressed.
[0043]
  An airtight seal frame 32 is attached to the end of the bottom plate 31 of the condenser 22, and the thickness direction of the bottom plate 31 is sandwiched between the square frame 33 and a square ring-shaped fixed frame 34. In the compressed state, the fixed frame 34 is fixed to the rectangular tube 33 by plasma spot welding, and the bottom plate 31 and the rectangular tube 33 are fixed in an airtight manner. An airtight seal frame 35 is also attached to the translucent plate 36, and the seal frame 35 is sandwiched between a rectangular tube 33 and a square ring-shaped fixed frame 37 and compressed in the thickness direction of the translucent plate 36. In this state, the fixed frame 37 is fixed to the quadrangular cylinder 33 by plasma spot welding, whereby the light transmitting plate 36 and the quadrangular cylinder 33 are fixed in an airtight manner. The fixed frames 34 and 37 have round holes 32h and 35h formed in advance at spot welding locations, and the edges of the round holes 32h and 35h are applied by applying a plasma jet sprayed by the plasma torch. Is melted and fused to the square tube 33.
[0044]
  The concentrators 21, 23, 24 other than the concentrator 22, and all the concentrators supported by the other support machines A 12 to A 14, A 21 to A 44 are the above-described condensing units (releasing units). Each of the object mirrors 40a + the daylighting devices 60a + the reflectors 50a) is provided with four pieces. The concentrator 22 is similarly provided with four pieces, but further includes a daylighting bar group 80 for detecting a deviation in the orientation of the concentrator 22 with respect to the sun. This is shown in FIG.
[0045]
  Referring to FIGS. 11 and 13, four stainless steel pipes 81a to 81d bent in a U shape centering on the daylighting device 60b are distributed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the daylighting device 60b. These pipes 81a to 81d are held in a predetermined posture by a ring-shaped holder 82, and airtightly penetrate each bush 83a that penetrates the bottom plate 31 and the parabolic mirror 40a in an airtight manner. Extends outside. In each of the pipes 81a to 81d, an optical fiber line with a ferrule attached to the tip, similar to the optical fiber line 70, is inserted from the ferrule side, and the tip surface (light receiving surface) of the ferrule is the pipe 81a to 81d. It is at the front end surface in the condenser 81d. A sealant is filled in the stainless steel pipe of the optical fiber line and the concentrator outer tail end openings of the pipes 81a to 81d.
[0046]
  When the light collector 22 is correctly oriented to the sun (the sun is on the extension of the central axis of the daylighting device 60b), the tip surfaces of the pipes 81a to 81d are behind the small mirror 51 and are directly exposed to the sun. Does not reach. Further, the parabolic mirror 52 of the small mirror 51 is outside the light beam reflected by the lens 75 and does not receive the light beam. However, in the morning, if the follow-up of the condenser 22 with respect to the movement of the sun is delayed in the elevation direction, the light beam approaches the tip surface of the pipe 81a and the amount of received light increases. At this time, the amount of light received at the front end surface of the paired pipe 81b is reduced. When the follow-up of the concentrator 22 is higher than the sun, and when the follow-up of the concentrator 22 is delayed in the elevation direction with respect to the movement of the sun in the afternoon, the reverse is true. It becomes.
[0047]
  When the follow-up of the condenser 22 is delayed in the azimuth direction with respect to the movement of the sun, the light beam approaches the tip surface of the pipe 81c and the amount of received light increases. At this time, the amount of light received at the distal end surface of the paired pipe 81d is reduced. When the azimuth tracking of the condenser 22 proceeds more than the sun, the reverse is true. Ps (FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 7, 10, 11, and 13) indicates the position where the light collecting rod group 80 for detecting the deviation of the direction of the condenser 22 described above is present. .
[0048]
  If there is moisture in the above-described concentrators (21 to 24), fogging appears on the surfaces of each part in the concentrator at low temperatures. That is, condensation occurs. The optical fiber 71 is a quartz fiber, and there is a possibility that the end face of the fiber is deteriorated when the end face is wet and the high-density optical beam collected by the lens 75 hits the glass fiber and becomes hot. . Also, condensation causes rust on the mirror surface. Since the mirror 40 is exposed to light having a density substantially the same as that of natural sunlight, even if the mirror 40 is rusted, the mirror 40 is not consumed at an early stage. However, since the parabolic mirror 52 is irradiated with high-density light focused by the parabolic mirror 40a of the mirror 40, if rust is generated there, the light loss (light / heat conversion) rapidly rises to a high temperature. This further increases rust at an accelerated rate, and the parabolic mirror 52 may rapidly deteriorate. As a countermeasure, the inner space of the condenser (21-24) is shut off from the outside air and kept airtight, and a gas without moisture (for example, dry air, inert gas without moisture) is contained in the inner space. Encapsulate. In order to facilitate this, a valve device 92 is attached to the bottom plate 31 of the condenser 21 (FIGS. 4, 7 and 10).
[0049]
  FIG. 14A shows an enlarged vertical section of the valve device 92. A bush 102 is press-fitted into the round hole opened in the bottom plate 31, and the bush 102, the washer 103 and the fixing nut 104 are directed from the outside to the inside of the light collector, and the cylindrical threaded male leg of the trunk 101 penetrates and is fixed. By screwing the nut 104 to the tube leg, the flange of the trunk 101 and the washer 103 squeeze the bush 102, whereby the bush 102 hermetically seals between the bottom plate 31 and the trunk 101. A compression coil spring 106 is accommodated in a large-diameter round hole outside the concentrator of the trunk 101, and a female thread of the valve seat sleeve 109 is coupled to the male thread on the outer side, and the flange of the trunk 101 and the valve seat sleeve are coupled. The O-ring 105 inserted between the end face of the groove 109 is squeezed by screwing the valve seat sleeve 109. The O-ring 105 hermetically seals between the trunk 101 and the valve seat sleeve 109.
[0050]
  In the valve seat sleeve 109, there are an O-ring 108 and a ball 107. The ball 107 is pressed by the compression coil spring 106 and pressed against the O-ring 108. The space is shut off at the intermediate point (valve closed). An O-ring 110 is inserted into the large-diameter female screw hole of the gas supply / exhaust port of the valve seat sleeve 109, and the gas supply / exhaust port is normally closed by a closing screw 111. The closing screw 111 slightly squeezes the O-ring 110 to prevent outside air from entering the inner space of the collector or leaking gas from the inner space to the outside, but into the valve seat sleeve 109. The main purpose is to prevent the entry of garbage.
[0051]
  The supply / discharge base 120 is used when the gas in the collector is extracted to the outside and when the inert gas without dry air or water is injected into the collector. There is an opening in the cylindrical pin at the tip of the base 120, and this opening is connected to an open / close valve (not shown) of the base part (not shown). A negative pressure (suction pressure) and a positive pressure (inert gas without dry air or water higher than atmospheric pressure) are selectively applied to the on-off valve via a two-way switching valve (not shown). When the closing screw 111 is removed from the gas supply / exhaust port of the valve seat sleeve 109 and the base 120 is inserted into the gas supply / exhaust port of the valve seat sleeve 109, as shown in FIG. The ring 110 is squeezed, and the ball 107 is pushed away from the O-ring 108 by being pushed by a cylindrical pin at the tip of the base 120 (opening). In this state, the gas in the inner space of the condenser is rapidly exhausted by setting the two-way switching valve to negative pressure supply and opening the on-off valve. When the two-way switching valve is switched to the positive pressure supply after the pressure in the inner space is sufficiently lowered, dry air or inert gas without moisture quickly enters the condenser. When this positive pressure is saturated with the set pressure, the on-off valve is closed and the base 120 is pulled out from the gas supply / exhaust port of the valve seat sleeve 109. At this time, the ball 107 first hits the O-ring 108 to close the valve, and then the end face of the base moves away from the O-ring 110. In order to prevent dust and water from entering the valve seat sleeve 109, the gas supply / exhaust port of the valve seat sleeve 109 is closed with a closing screw 111.
[0052]
  The valve device having the same structure as the valve device 92 described above is similarly mounted on each of the light collectors. All support machines A11 to A44 are installed as shown in FIG. 2, and each support machine A11 to A44 is fitted with four concentrators, and then the ferrule receiving openings of the lighting tubes 61 are closed in an airtight manner. The cap nut (not shown) is removed, and the optical fiber line 70 branched from the optical fiber cable OFc in the duct CAd and passed through the elevation shaft bodies B1 to B4 and the azimuth shaft body 4 to the opening. After inserting the ferrule 73 at the tip and closing the ferrule receiving opening hermetically with the cap nut 68 as shown in FIG. 12, the discharge of the gas in the above condenser by applying negative pressure, By injecting dry air or inert gas without moisture by applying a positive pressure, the inside of the condenser becomes an inert gas without dry air or moisture that is higher than atmospheric pressure. Therefore, condensation does not occur in the collector, and entry of humid air from the outside into the collector is prevented.
[0053]
  Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 again. The reference plane (plane on the roof of the building) Sp is provided with a pillar, and is directed to the southeast and approximately 45 degrees upward, and is a photosensor PSm that is sensitive to morning sunlight. It is equipped with a photosensor PSn that is upwards of approximately 45 degrees and that is highly sensitive to sunlight in the afternoon. The received light amounts of both sensors PSm and PSn when the sunlight is orthogonal to the first set of shaft bodies B1 to B4 are substantially the same.
[0054]
  FIG. 15 shows the configuration of the electric control system of the light collecting apparatus described above. The main body of the electric control system is a microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as MPU) 131 composed of a CPU system including a CPU, a program ROM, and a RAM.
[0055]
  The photosensors PSm and PSn are connected to the signal processing circuits 136a and 136b. The signal processing circuits 136a and 136b generate light detection signals (analog voltages) representing the amounts of light received by the photosensors PSm and PSn. Apply to A / D conversion input ports AD1 and AD2. The levels (voltage values) of these light detection signals are substantially the same when sunlight is orthogonal to the first set of shaft bodies B1 to B4. The MPU 131 digitally converts and reads the photodetection signals of the A / D conversion input ports AD1 and AD2, and compares the levels of these photodetection signals to determine whether the time is morning or afternoon. Hereinafter, the detected light amount of the photosensor PSm represented by data obtained by digital conversion is expressed as Sm, and the detected light amount of the photosensor PSn is expressed as Sn.
[0056]
  From the front end of each of the ferrules 84a to 84d shown in FIG. 15 on the detection light output end side of each optical fiber line inserted in each of the stainless steel pipes 81a to 81d of the lighting rod group 80 shown in FIGS. The emitted light is attenuated by half mirrors 85a to 85d and then strikes photosensors 86a to 86d. The signal processing circuits 134a to 134d to which the photosensors 86a to 86d are connected generate light detection signals representing the amounts of light at the tip surfaces of the stainless steel pipes 81a to 81d, and the A / D conversion input port AD3 of the MPU 131. ~ Give to AD6. The MPU 131 digitally converts the photodetection signals of the A / D conversion input ports AD3 to AD6 and reads them, and based on the levels of these photodetection signals, delays and advances in the follow-up direction of the condenser with respect to the movement of the sun. Determine. Hereinafter, the received light amounts of the pipes 81a to 81d represented by data obtained by digital conversion are expressed as Sa, Sb, Sc, and Sd.
[0057]
  A constant voltage Vc is applied to the azimuth HP detection switch Sah and the elevation HP detection switch Seh through pull-up resistors 135a and 135b, and the potential of each switch is applied to the MPU 131. When the support machines A11 to A44 are azimuth HP, the switch Sah is off and applies a high potential H to the MPU 131. When the support machines A11 to A44 are the elevation HP, the switch Seh is off and applies a high potential H to the MPU 131. When the support machines A11 to A44 are in the standard posture (the lying posture shown in FIGS. 1 to 3: azimuth HP and elevation HP), both the switches are off and the high potential H is applied to the MPU 131.
[0058]
  Each of the first set of drive units, that is, the elevation drive units ES1 and ES2, and the second set of drive units, that is, the azimuth drive units EF1 to EF4, includes a pulse motor M, and each pulse motor M includes each motor. The pulse drivers 132a, 132b, 133a to 133d are energized with pulses. Each motor driver receives a drive / stop instruction signal and a forward / reverse instruction signal from the MPU 131, and gives an abnormal signal to the MPU 131 when the motor operation is abnormal.
[0059]
  The power supply circuit C is always connected to a power supply (commercial AC power supply or battery), and always supplies the MPU 131 with a voltage Vbc necessary for state monitoring, data processing, and data holding. The power supply circuit B is connected to the power supply via the relay RLb, and supplies an operation voltage Vc required for electric circuit operations such as signal processing and electric control to the electric circuits of the respective parts of the system. The power supply circuit A is connected to a power supply via a relay RLa and supplies a motor driver with a driving voltage Vd required for energizing the motor. The relays RLa and RLb are turned on / off by relay drivers 137a and 137b. The MPU 131 gives an on / off instruction to the relay drivers 137a and 137b.
[0060]
  FIG. 16 shows an outline of the tracking control of the MPU 131. Here, the contents of the symbols shown on the flow charts of FIGS.
“AZ”: Azimuth,
“EL”: Elevation,
RNa: register for storing a cycle of one-step driving in the “AZ” direction, or
        The period represented by the data stored in it,
        The set value of the drive amount for one-step drive is “AZ” rotation of about 0.25 ° of the condenser,
Nsa: “AZ” one-step drive cycle reference value,
        The set value for this reference value is 1 minute. This follows 360 ° / 24 hours = 0.25 ° / min.
RNe: register for storing a period of one-step driving in the “EL” direction, or
        The period represented by the data stored in it,
        The set value of the drive amount for one-step drive is “EL” rotation of about 0.25 ° of the condenser,
Nse: “EL” one-step drive cycle reference value,
        The set value for this reference value is 1 minute. This follows 180 ° / 12 hours = 0.25 ° / min.
Tc: Register that stores the time value of the program timer, or stored in it
        The time limit represented by the data,
Tq: Control cycle in preparation for tracking immediately after changing from effective no sunlight to existence,
      The set value of Tq is 8 seconds.
Tn: Control period when the sun appears during the day, Tn is set to 4 minutes,
Tw: Confirmation cycle for checking whether the sun has disappeared. The set value of Tw is 8 minutes.
Thd: Dawn wait time, Thd setting value is 12 hours,
Sm: Light reception level of photo sensor PSm for detecting morning light,
Stm: a threshold value for determining whether there is effective morning sunlight,
Sn: Light reception level of photo sensor PSn for detecting afternoon light,
Stn: a threshold value for determining whether there is effective afternoon sunlight,
Sa: “EL” light reception level of the tracking delay detection pipe 81a,
Sb: Light reception level of the “EL” tracking advance detection pipe 81b,
Sc: light receiving level of pipe 81c for “AZ” tracking delay detection,
Sd: Light receiving level of the “AZ” tracking advance detection pipe 81d.
RSmn: a register for storing data indicating a determination result of morning or afternoon, or
        1-bit data stored in it. “0” represents morning and “1” represents afternoon.
Rθe: a register for storing the “EL” angle of the collector, or data stored in it
        "EL" angle to represent,
Rθa: a register for storing the “AZ” angle of the condenser, or data stored in it
        "AZ" angle to represent,
RFfe: Data indicating the necessity of actual alignment of the collector in the “EL” direction with respect to the sun
        Register to store, or 1-bit data stored in it. The “0” is
        Means the actual alignment point,
RFfa: Data indicating the necessity of actual alignment of the collector in the “AZ” direction with respect to the sun
        Register to store, or 1-bit data stored in it. The “0” is
        It means the actual alignment point.
α: tracking delay, threshold for advance determination,
Rθemax: When sunlight is orthogonal to the first set of shaft bodies B1 to B4 (am / pm
          Register that stores the “EL” angle of the switching point), or
          "EL" angle represented by stored data,
Fwait: Stores data indicating whether the sun is waiting for the sun to come afterwards
        Register, or 1-bit data stored in it. That "1" is the sun
        Means waiting for you to come out again,
Rwc: register that stores the waiting time waiting for the sun to appear
        Or the waiting time represented by the data stored in it.
[0061]
  Refer to FIG. When the power switch (not shown) is turned on, the power circuitCGenerates an operating voltage Vbc and applies it to the MPU 131, a power-on reset circuit (not shown) of the MPU 131 generates a reset pulse. In response to this, the CPU in the MPU 131 reads the initialization program from the program ROM in the MPU 131 and In accordance with this initialization program, the MPU 131 (CPU system) is initialized (step 1). When this initialization is completed, the MPU 131 writes the reference period Nsa (1 minute) of “AZ” step driving to the register RNa and the reference period Nse (1 minute) of “EL” step driving to the register RNe. (Step 2). In the following, the word “step” is omitted in parentheses, and step No. Write numbers only.
[0062]
  Here, one unit of the “AZ” step drive is that the motor drivers 133a to 133d are connected to the azimuth axis 4 in response to the one-time (AZ) drive instruction given by the MPU 131 to the motor drivers 133a to 133d. The pulse motor M of each of the driving machines EF1 to EF4 is pulse-driven by a rotation amount of about 0.25 ° of the motor. The “step” of “AZ” step driving is the step driving of the pulse motor M ( This is different from the “step” of phase switching. Similarly, one unit of “EL” step driving is that the motor drivers 132a and 132b are connected to the elevator in response to a one-time (one pulse) “EL” driving instruction given to the motor drivers 132a and 132b. The pulse motor M of each of the driving machines ES1 and ES2 is pulse-driven by the amount of rotation of the motion axes B1 to B4 by about 0.25 °, and the “step” of the “EL” step drive is also the pulse motor. This is different from the “step” of M step drive (phase switching).
[0063]
  Next, the MPU 131 writes the control cycle Tq (8 seconds) being prepared for tracking to the register Tc (3), and starts the program timer Tc with Tc = Tq time limit value (4). Then, a relay-on instruction is given to the relay driver 137b to turn on the relay-RLb. In response to this, the power supply circuit B generates a voltage (Vc) and applies it to each electric circuit. The MPU 131 reads the open / close signal of the switches Sah and Seh at the timing when the voltage (Vc) is stabilized and the output of each electric circuit is stabilized, and the input voltage of the A / D conversion input ports AD1 to AD6, that is, the detected light amount Sm. , Sn, Sa to Sd are digitally converted and read (5). Then, the presence / absence of abnormality is determined based on the read signal and data (6). When it is determined that there is an abnormality, an alarm is provided by a not-shown alarm (indicator), the output of the MPU 131 is switched to the standby output (mechanism drive stop) (19), and the control cycle Tq (8 seconds) is stored in the register Tc. ) Is written (20), the timer Tc started in step 4 waits for time over (13A), and when time over, the processing in step 4 and subsequent steps is performed again.
[0064]
  When it is determined that there is no abnormality, if the light reception level Sm of the photosensor PSm is equal to or higher than the threshold value Stm and is equal to or higher than the light reception level Sn of the photosensor PSn, there is effective sunlight and the irradiation angle with respect to the reference plane Ps ) Is in the morning, “0” indicating “am” is written in the register RSmn (8 to 10). In this case, the process proceeds to “morning tracking” (12) through “resume processing (am)” (11). The contents of these processes (11, 12) will be described later.
[0065]
  If the received light level Sm of the photosensor PSm is less than the threshold value Stm and the received light level Sn of the photosensor PSn is greater than or equal to the threshold value Stn, it is assumed that there is effective sunlight and that is in the afternoon. Write “1” indicating “afternoon” to RSmn (8-14-15). In this case, the process proceeds to “Afternoon Tracking” (17) through “Resume Process (Afternoon)” (16). The contents of these processes (16, 17) will also be described later.
[0066]
  If the light reception level Sm is less than the threshold value Stm and the light reception level Sn is also less than the threshold value Stn, this means that there is no effective sunlight irradiation, so the process proceeds to “standby process” (18). The contents of this “standby process” (18) will also be described later.
[0067]
  After “morning tracking” (12), “afternoon tracking” (17) or “standby processing” (18), the timer waits for the timer Tc time over (13A). Tc is started (4), and the processing from step 5 onward is performed. Therefore, the processing for tracking control after step 5 is repeated at the period (control period) of the time limit value Tc. However, as will be described later, since the time limit value Tc is changed depending on whether it is daytime, midnight, or whether the sun is in the daytime, the control cycle is not constant. Next, the contents of the tracking control of the MPU 131 will be described by itemization.
(A) Processing before and after sunrise at dawn
  By the processing immediately after sunset (116, 118 to 122 in FIG. 20) described later, the concentrators (supporting machines A11 to A44) are in the reference postures (azimuth HP: “AZ” HP and elevation HP: “EL” HP). ) And a timer with a time limit value Tc = Thd (12 hours) for waiting for dawn is started, and in step 13A in FIG. 16, the timer waits for time over. The relays RLa and RLb are off, and the power supply circuits A and B are disconnected from the power supply (sleep).
[0068]
  For example, if the processing immediately after sunset is performed at 7:00 pm on the previous day, the MPU 131 responds to the time over of the timer Tc at 7:00 am of today, and the timer time limit value Tc is displayed. Rewriting the waiting time Tw (8 minutes) (13B, 13C), starting the timer of this time limit value Tc = Tw (4), turning on the relay RLb, the state of the switches Sah, Seh, The received light levels Sm, Sn, Sa, Sb, Sc, Sd are read (5). After the abnormality check (6), if there is no abnormality, it is determined whether effective light is not detected, effective morning light is detected, or effective afternoon light is detected ( 8, 9, 14).
[0069]
  If no effective light is detected, the process proceeds to “waiting process” (18: FIG. 20 for details), sunlight non-detection “1” is written to the register Fwait (113), and the time-measured value Rwc is cleared. (114). Then, until effective sunlight is detected, the period from 13A-13B-4 to 8-14-18 (112-117-118 in FIG. 20) to 13A in FIG. -Repeat the process. Thereby, for example, when the sunrise is late or when the effective sun is not detected due to rain or cloudy weather before the sunrise time, the solar tracking is not started, and the collectors (supporting machines A11 to A44) Only the measured value Rwc is incremented while maintaining the reference posture (“AZ” HP and “EL” HP) (117 in FIG. 20). Note that one unit 1 of the measured value Rwc means 4 minutes, and the position (angle) change amounts Δθa and Δθe in the “AZ” and “EL” directions of the sun during this period are about 1 °, respectively.
(B) Pre-processing for sun tracking when valid morning light is detected
  When detecting a valid morning light, the MPU 131 proceeds from step 9 to step 10 in FIG. 16 to write “0” in the register RSmn, and “resume processing (am)” (11: details in FIG. 21 (a)). Then, relays RLa and RLb are turned on (132), the concentrator is driven to the estimated solar “AZ” position (Rθa + Rwc × Δθa), and data representing the position is stored in the “AZ” register Rθa. Writing is performed (133 in FIG. 21A). Further, the condenser is driven to the estimated solar “EL” position (Rθe + Rwc × Δθe), and data representing the position is written in the “EL” register Rθe (134). The “AZ” drive of the current collector is directed to the estimated position, and this estimated position does not always match the actual sun position, but rather it is assumed that the error is large. Therefore, when “0” indicating that the “AZ” alignment is low in reliability (actual alignment required) is written in the register RFfa and the concentrator is driven “EL”, “0” for the same reason. Is written into the register RFfe. Then, “0” indicating that effective sunlight is detected is written in the register Fwait (135), and the process proceeds to “morning tracking” (12: FIG. 17 for details).
(C) “Morning tracking” (12)
  Refer to FIG. Here, first, when the switch Seh is off (H), it is detected that the condenser is at “EL” HP, so + 90 ° indicating the position is written in the “EL” register Rθe ( 21, 22). Similarly, when the switch Sah is off (H), it is detected that the concentrator is at “AZ” HP, so that + 90 ° indicating the position is written to the “AZ” register Rθa, and Since the “EL” angle Rθe at this time is the turning point from the “EL” up drive to the down drive of the condenser, this is written in the register Rθemax (32).
[0070]
  If the data in the register RFfe is “0” (actual alignment required), the process proceeds from step 23 to 24, and the “EL” position of the condenser is delayed from the “EL” position of the sun. ("EL" tracking delay) is checked (24), and the first set of shaft bodies B1 to B4 is "EL" driven until there is no delay. Note that the data in the “EL” register Rθe is updated to a value changed by one step drive amount for each one step drive (27). When there is no delay, the data in register RFfe is rewritten to "1" (actual alignment completed) (28), and "EL" is increased by one step at cycle RNe indicated by the data in register RNe. An interruption process for instructing the drivers 132a and 132b to drive (upward driving following the rising sun) is set (29). As a result, the concentrator is then driven up by “EL” at a speed of one step (about 0.25 °) per cycle RNe.
[0071]
  When the data in the register RFfe is “0” (actual alignment required), but not “EL” tracking delay, “EL” return driving is performed step by step (repetition of 24 to 26). When the “EL” tracking delay is reached, the “EL” driving described above is performed to eliminate the delay, and when the delay is eliminated, “1” (actual alignment completion) is rewritten in the register RFfe (28).
[0072]
  When the data in the register RFfa is “0” (actual alignment required), the “AZ” direction of the condenser is similar to the actual alignment in the “EL” direction (23 to 29). Is completed (33 to 39), and when it is completed, the data in the register RFfa is rewritten to "1" (actual alignment completed) (38), and the data in the register RNa represents An interrupt process for instructing the drivers 133a to 133d to perform one-step "AZ" west driving (horizontal driving following the west transition of the sun) in the cycle RNa is set (39). As a result, the concentrator is then driven “AZ” at a speed of one step (approximately 0.25 °) per period RNa.
[0073]
  As described above, when the actual alignment in the “EL” direction and the “AZ” direction is completed, if the effective sunlight in the morning is detected, the period of Tc = Tn (4 minutes) "EL" tracking "(30) and" "AZ" tracking "(40) are repeated. These contents are shown in FIGS. 19A and 19C.
[0074]
  In the “AM“ EL ”tracking” (30), the “EL” step drive cycle RNe is decremented by 1 when the “EL” tracking delay occurs (81, 83). That is, the step drive cycle RNe is shortened to increase the “EL” tracking drive speed. When "EL" tracking progresses, the "EL" step drive cycle RNe is incremented by 1 (82, 84). That is, the step drive cycle RNe is lengthened to decrease the “EL” tracking drive speed.
[0075]
  In “AZ” tracking (40), when “AZ” tracking delay occurs, the “AZ” step drive cycle RNa is decremented by 1 (101, 103). That is, the step drive cycle RNa is shortened to increase the “AZ” tracking drive speed. When "AZ" tracking progresses, the "AZ" step drive cycle RNa is incremented by 1 (102, 104). That is, the step drive cycle RNa is lengthened to slow down the “AZ” tracking drive speed.
[0076]
  Each time the above-mentioned “morning tracking” (12) is executed once, when the actual alignment in the “EL” direction and the “AZ” direction is completed, Tn (4 minutes) is written in the register Tc. When any of (41, 42) is incomplete, Tq (8 seconds) is written to the register Tc (41, 43). As a result, “morning tracking” (12) is repeatedly executed at a period of Tq (8 seconds) while at least one of the actual alignment in the EL “direction” and “AZ” direction is incomplete. When both are completed, it is repeatedly executed at a cycle of Tn (4 minutes: during this time the sun changes its position by approximately 1 °).
(D) Pre-processing for sun tracking when valid afternoon light is detected
  When valid afternoon light is detected, the MPU 131 proceeds from step 14 to step 15 in FIG. 16 to write “1” in the register RSmn, and “resume processing (afternoon)” (16: details in FIG. 21B). Then, the relays RLa and RLb are turned on (142), and the concentrator is set to the estimated solar “EL” position, that is, when Rθa ≧ 90 °, the return from the “EL” up drive to the down drive “EL” position Rθemax “EL” return position from “2Rθemax− (Rθe + Rwc × Δθe)”, and when Rθa <90 °, drive to “EL” up drive position “Rθe + Rwc × Δθe”, and data representing the position is registered in register Rθe. (143 to 145 in FIG. 21B). Further, the concentrator is driven to the estimated solar “AZ” position “Rθa + Rwc × Δθe”, and data representing the position is written in the register Rθa (146). When the above-mentioned “EL” drive is performed, “0” indicating that the “EL” alignment is low in reliability (actual alignment required) is written in the register RFfe, and the condenser is driven by “AZ”. Sometimes, for the same reason, “0” is written to the register RFfa, and “0” indicating that effective sunlight is detected is written to the register Fwait (147). Then, the process proceeds to “afternoon tracking” (17: details are shown in FIG. 18).
(E) “Afternoon Tracking” (17)
  The contents of “AZ” tracking drive control in “PM tracking” (17) are the same as those in “AM tracking” (12) described above. However, the content of “EL” tracking drive control in “Afternoon Tracking” (17) is opposite to that in the morning when the sun moves in the morning. Is different from the “EL” delay / advance determination calculation (54, 57), and the concentrator drive direction for eliminating the tracking delay / advance is reversed. Since the other points are the same as the contents of the above-mentioned “morning tracking” (12), the description is omitted here.
(F) Processing when no effective sunlight is detected
  In the first “standby process” (18: details are shown in FIG. 20) changed from the detection of sunlight to the non-detection, the MPU 131 writes “1” (no sunlight detection) in the register Fwait (112, 113) to measure the time. The register Rwc is cleared (114), Tw (8 minutes) is set to the time limit value Tc (115), and the relays RLa and RLb are turned off (116). After that, when sunlight non-detection continues, the process proceeds to “standby process” (18) with a period of Tc = Tw (8 minutes), increments the time measurement value Rwc (112, 117), and the “AZ” estimated position of the sun It is checked whether “Rθa + Rwc × Δθa” has reached 180 ° (“AZ” upper limit position) (118). When it reaches, the process proceeds to sunset processing, which will be described later.
(G) Processing when starting to detect effective sunlight
  The process proceeds to the above-mentioned “resume process (am)” (12) or “resume process (pm)” (16).
(H) Processing at sunset
  When sunset, effective sunlight is not detected, and when the two conditions that the “AZ” estimated position “Rθa + Rwc × Δθa” of the sun reaches 180 ° (“AZ” upper limit position) are simultaneously satisfied, the MPU 131 Referring to FIG. 20, the concentrator (supporting machines A11 to A44) is driven to “EL” HP and “AZ” HP, and HP data + 90 ° is written to registers Rθe and Rθa (119). That is, the support machines A11 to A44 are set to the reference posture (standby posture) shown in FIGS. Then, the registers RFfa and RFfe are cleared (120), the register Fwait is also cleared (121), and the dawn waiting time Thd (12 hours) is written in the register Tc (122). Then, the process proceeds to step 13A in FIG. 16 and waits for the timer Tc = Thd (12 hours) to time over. The subsequent description is the above (a).
[0077]
  -Second Example-
  FIG. 22 shows a second embodiment of the condenser 22. In this embodiment, a Fresnel lens 36f is used in place of the light transmitting plate 36 of the first embodiment, and the focused light is reflected to the second parabolic mirror 52 with a plane mirror of 40 pm. The first embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the translucent plate 36 of the first embodiment is changed to a Fresnel lens 36f and the first parabolic mirror 40a of the first embodiment is changed to a plane mirror. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
[0078]
  -Third Example-
  FIG. 23 shows a third embodiment of the condenser 22. In this embodiment, a Fresnel lens 36f is used in place of the light transmitting plate 36 of the first embodiment, and the focused light is further focused by the first parabolic mirror 50a and reflected to the second parabolic mirror 52. I did it. The difference from the first embodiment is that the translucent plate 36 of the first embodiment is changed to a Fresnel lens 36f. Others are the same as in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 23, the thickness of the collector 22 in the direction of viewing the sun (distance between 36f / 31) can be reduced to a large thickness.
[0079]
  -Fourth embodiment-
  FIG. 24 shows a fourth embodiment of the condenser 22. In this embodiment, the condensing lens 75 of the first embodiment is omitted, and the second parabolic mirror 52 causes the second paraboloidal mirror 52 to substantially focus the light on the tip surface of the ferrule 73. The distance from the parabolic mirror 40a is set a little longer. As the number of reflections at the conical mirror surface 63 increases due to manufacturing errors of the optical system or rough sun tracking, the light reflection loss (light / heat conversion) in the lighting tube 61 increases, and the temperature of the lighting tube 61 rises. . In this embodiment, a heat exchange fluid is passed through the lighting tube 61 to cool the lighting tube 61 and collect heat (use heat).
[0080]
  The lighting tube 61 has a ring-shaped flow path 140 that passes around a conical hole having a conical mirror surface 63 and allows a heat exchange fluid to pass through. The bases 141 and 142 are attached to the flow path 140. Tubes 143 and 144 for heat exchange fluid supply and discharge having high heat resistance, high pressure resistance and flexibility are fixed to these caps 141 and 142. In this embodiment, the fluid supply / discharge tubes connected to the respective light collection tubes 61 of all the concentrators (21 to 24) provided in the same support machine (for example, A11) are connected in series. One support machine has a pair of heat exchange fluid supply / exhaust tubes passing through the azimuth shaft (4), the duct pipe (20), the elevation shaft (B1) and the duct CAd.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the present invention, in which collector supporters A11 to A44 are in a reference posture (standby posture).
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, except that the collector supporters A11 to A44 are omitted, and they are indicated by two-dot chain thin lines.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged left side view showing a part of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
4 is an enlarged left side view of the support machine A11 shown in FIG.
5 shows a mechanism for supporting the second set of shaft bodies 4 (azimuth shafts) shown in FIG. 4, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a left side view, and (c) is a bottom view. FIG.
6 shows the collector support frames 8 and 9 integrated with the second set of shaft bodies 4 shown in FIG. 4, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a bottom view, and (c) is a left side. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the light collector support mechanism of the support machine A11 in a state where the shaft body 4 stands vertically to the reference plane Sp as indicated by a two-dot chain thin line in FIG. The axis, FA is the north-south axis, and TA is the vertical axis.
8 is an enlarged plan view of a worm 12 that rotationally drives the shaft body 4 shown in FIG. 7 about its axis, and the support column 1 and the shaft body 4 show a transverse section (horizontal section).
9 shows a mechanism for rotationally driving the worm 12 shown in FIG. 8, (a) is a plan view, the support column 1 and the shaft body 4 show a transverse section (horizontal section), and (b) shows a longitudinal section. A plane (vertical cross section) is shown.
10 shows the concentrators 21 to 24 of the first embodiment mounted on the support frames 8 and 9 shown in FIG. 6, wherein (a) is a front view thereof, and (b) is a plan view. FIG.
11 is an enlarged perspective view showing the appearance of the light collector 22 shown in FIG.
12 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the reflector 50a and the daylighting device 60a shown in FIG.
13 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the reflector 50b and the daylighting device 60b shown in FIG.
14 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the valve device 92 mounted on the bottom plate 31 of the condenser 22 shown in FIG. 11, wherein (a) shows a closed valve state in which the inner space of the condenser 22 is sealed; (B) shows a state in which the base 120 is attached and opened in order to exhaust gas in the inner space of the condenser 22 or inject air or inert gas having no moisture into the inner space.
15 is a block diagram showing an electric control system for tracking the sun of the concentrator support device shown in FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an outline of the sun tracking control function of the microcomputer 131 shown in FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the contents of “AM Tracking” (12) shown in FIG. 16;
FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing the contents of “afternoon tracking” (17) shown in FIG. 16;
19 (a), (b) and (C) are respectively “AM“ EL ”tracking” (30) shown in FIG. 17, “PM“ EL ”tracking” (60) shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the contents of “AZ” tracking (40) and (70) in FIGS.
FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing the contents of the “standby process” (18) shown in FIG.
FIGS. 21A and 21B are flowcharts showing the contents of “restart process (am)” (11) and “restart process (afternoon)” (16) shown in FIG. 16, respectively. .
FIG. 22 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a part of a collector 22 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 23 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a part of a collector 22 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 24 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a part of a collector 22 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
Sp: Reference plane SA: East-west axis
FA: North-south axis TA: Vertical axis
A11-A44: Supporting machine
B1 to B4: First set of shaft bodies (elevation shaft)
C11 to C44: Bearing
F1-F4: 1st to 4th rows
S1 to S4: 1st to 4th columns
1: Strut 2, 3: Arm
4: Second set of shafts (azimuth shaft)
5, 6: Fixed plate 7: Wheel
8, 9: Support frame
10: Worm support frame
12: Worm 13, 14: Connecting tool
I11 to I13: Connecting rod
G11, G12: connecting rod
15: Spur gear 16: Intermediate gear
17: Drive gear
EF1-EF4, ES1, ES2: Electric drive mechanism
D11 to D42: Support base
CAd: Duct 20: Duct pipe
21-24: Concentrator
21h1-24h3: Bolt through hole
OFc: Optical fiber cable
Seh: Elevation home position detection switch
Sah: Azimuth home position detection switch
31: Bottom plate 32: Seal frame
32h: Round hole 33: Square tube
34: Fixed frame 35: Seal frame
35h: Round hole 36: Translucent plate
37: Fixed frame 40: First set of mirrors
40a-40d: Parabolic mirror
50a-50b: Second set of reflectors
51: Small mirror 52: Parabolic mirror
53: Screw rod 54: Inner washer
55: Bush 56: Outer washer
57: Fixing nut 60a-60d: Daylight
61: Light tube 62: Flange
63: Conical mirror surface 64: Bush
65: Washer 66: Fixing nut
67: Lock nut
68: Cap nut 69: Rubber disc
70: Optical fiber line
71: Optical fiber
72: Seamless stainless steel pipe
73: Ferrule 74: Spring
75: Lens 76: Cap
80: Lighting rod group
81a-81d: Stainless steel pipe
82: Holder 83a: Bush
Ps: Direction deviation detection position
92: Valve device 101: Core
102: Bush 103: Washer
104: Fixing nut
105: O-ring
106: Spring
107: Ball 108: O-ring
109: Valve seat sleeve
110: O-ring 111: Close screw
120: Cap PSm, PSn: Photo sensor
131: Microcomputer
85a-85d: half-miller
86a-86d: Photo sensor
RLa, RLb: Relay
137a, 137b: relay driver
140: Fluid flow path 141, 142: Base
143, 144: Tube

Claims (5)

A casing including a bottom plate, a side plate surrounding the opening facing the bottom plate, and a translucent member for closing the opening;
A first mirror in the casing that reflects light that has passed through the translucent member and entered the casing;
The Ke - first mirror In the inner space of the Thing - the first mirror located in front - small form you reflected light reflected, short focal length of the curved surface, the second mirror having a -; and,
An optical fiber having a tip surface facing the second mirror and having a center on the optical axis of the second mirror;
The curved surface of the second mirror is located on the reflection optical axis of the first mirror with the reflection optical axis facing the inside of the casing and the reflection optical axis perpendicular to the light transmissive member , and the second mirror Is supported by the translucent member ; the first mirror reflects light entering the inner space of the casing through the translucent member to the curved surface of the second mirror ; and the translucent member (36 / 36f) and the first mirror At least one of one mirror (40a) is a long focal length condensing element;
Concentrator. The first mirror - is the translucent member through Ke - it reflects the light enters the single focusing to large, curved mirror of the long focal length - der Ru; according to 請 Motomeko 1 condensing Optical device. The condensing device according to claim 1 , wherein the translucent member is a large Fresnel lens having a long focal length . A conical reflecting surface that passes through the bottom plate at a position where the optical axis of the second mirror intersects the bottom plate, receives the reflected light opposite to the second mirror with the optical axis as an axis; tip lighting cone leading to the light Faiba in; further comprising a light collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A conical reflecting surface that passes through the bottom plate at a position where the optical axis of the second mirror intersects the bottom plate, receives the reflected light opposite to the second mirror, with the optical axis as an axis; The light collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising: a daylighting member having a daylighting conical hole connected to the optical fiber and a flow path for passing a heat exchange fluid.

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