JP4154396B2 - Control device for hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to motor driving means that enables traveling by the output of an electric motor, engine driving means that enables traveling by the output of the engine, a throttle sensor that detects the opening of the throttle valve of the engine, The present invention relates to an improvement in a control device for a hybrid vehicle, comprising drive switching control means provided with a mode map for determining each operating region of motor drive means and engine drive means in response to a detection signal.

Such a control device for a hybrid vehicle is already known as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below.
JP 2000-320364 A

  In the conventional hybrid type vehicle control device, when the motor driving means is operated, that is, in the motor traveling mode, when a certain condition is satisfied, the engine driving means is automatically switched to the engine driving mode without notice. Therefore, it is not possible to perform an operation that should actively maintain the operating state of the motor driving means and continue the motor running mode.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and when it is just before switching from the operation of the motor drive means to the operation of the engine drive means, the driver is made to recognize the state, and the driver It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device for a hybrid type vehicle that maintains the operating condition of the motor driving means by maintaining the operating condition of the driving means and enables the motor running mode to be continued.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention detects motor drive means that enables running by the output of an electric motor, engine drive means that enables running by the output of an engine, and the opening of an engine throttle valve. A control device for a hybrid type vehicle, comprising: a throttle sensor for driving; and a drive switching control means provided with a mode map for determining each operating region of the motor drive means and the engine drive means in response to a detection signal of the throttle sensor. The mode map has a critical area adjacent to the engine driving means in the operating area of the motor driving means, and has a reporting means for notifying the driver that the motor driving means is operating in the critical area. Is the first feature.

  According to the present invention, in addition to the first feature, each of the motor drive means and the engine drive means is added to the mode map in consideration of the throttle valve opening speed calculated from the detection signal in addition to the detection signal of the throttle sensor. A second feature is that the operating region is determined.

  Further, according to the present invention, in addition to the first or second feature, the drive switching control means detects the remaining capacity of the battery, and determines that the remaining capacity is close to a lower limit value that enables operation of the motor driving means. In this case, the third feature is to notify the driver to that effect by the reporting means.

  Furthermore, in addition to the third feature, the present invention provides that when the drive switching control means determines that the remaining capacity of the battery falls below a lower limit value that enables the operation of the motor drive means even during operation of the motor drive means. The fourth feature is that the drive switching control means is configured to automatically switch to the operation of the engine driving means.

  The reporting means corresponds to the display unit 35a in the embodiment of the present invention described later.

  According to the first feature of the present invention, when the operation of the motor drive means enters the critical region immediately before switching to the operation of the engine drive means, the fact is notified to the driver via the notification means. The driver can recognize the state. Therefore, based on the recognition, the driver can maintain the operation of the motor driving means and continue the motor running mode if at least the opening of the throttle valve at that time is maintained.

  Further, according to the second feature of the present invention, since the throttle valve opening speed calculated from the detection signal in addition to the detection signal of the throttle sensor is taken into account, each operating region of the motor driving means and the engine driving means is determined. The will of the driver can be reflected in the switching of the operation of the motor drive means and the engine drive means.

  Further, according to the third feature of the present invention, when the remaining capacity of the battery is close to the lower limit value that enables the operation of the motor driving means, the state can be recognized by the driver via the reporting means.

  Further, according to the fourth feature of the present invention, even when the motor driving means is operated, when the remaining capacity of the battery becomes lower than the lower limit value enabling the motor driving means, the engine driving means is automatically set. Therefore, it is possible to prevent overdischarge of the battery and prevent the battery from remaining zero.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on preferred examples of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of a hybrid motorcycle according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal plan view of a power unit of the motorcycle, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the configuration of a control device for the motorcycle, and FIG. 3 is a mode map provided in the drive switching control means, FIG. 5 is a flowchart used by the drive switching control means, and FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

  First, in FIG. 1, a body frame 2 of a scooter type motorcycle 1 configured in a hybrid type is supported by a head pipe 2a at its front end so that a front fork 4 that supports a front wheel 3f can be steered. A steering handle 5 is connected to the steering stem 4a of the front fork 4 extending above the pipe 2a. A luggage box 7 having a driver's seat 6 on the upper surface and a power unit 8 positioned below the luggage box 7 are attached to the rear part of the vehicle body frame 2. The rear wheel 3r driven by the output is pivotally supported.

  The power unit 8 can swing up and down around a pivot 10 that supports the front end of the power unit 8 on the body frame 2, and a rear cushion 11 that cushions the swing is interposed between the body frame 2 and the rear end of the power unit 8. It is attached. The vehicle body frame 2 is provided with a battery 12 at the front and a fuel tank 13 at the middle.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the power unit 8 includes a water-cooled single-cylinder four-cycle engine 15, a V-belt continuously variable transmission 17 connected to the crankshaft 16 of the engine 15, A starting clutch 18 interposed between the step transmission 17, an electric motor 19, a transmission device 20 capable of transmitting the output of the electric motor 19 to the rear wheel 3r, and between the continuously variable transmission 17 and the transmission device 20 And a one-way clutch 21 interposed therebetween.

  The crankshaft 16 of the engine 15 is supported by the crankcase 25 with its axis oriented in the left-right direction of the motorcycle 1. An outer rotor 27 is fixed to the right end portion of the crankshaft 16 projecting outside the right end wall of the crankcase 25, and an inner stator 28 surrounded by the outer rotor 27 is fixed to the crankcase 25. The outer rotor 27 and the inner stator The cell dynamo 26 is constituted by 28. The cell dynamo 26 functions as a starter motor that cranks the crankshaft 16 when the engine is started, and exhibits a power generation function during operation of the engine 15.

  A cooling fan 29 is attached to the right end of the crankshaft 16 outside the cell dynamo 26, and a radiator 30 is disposed at a position sandwiching the cooling fan 29 with the cell dynamo 26. The radiator 30 is attached to the crankcase 25 via a shroud 31 surrounding the cooling fan 29. The radiator 30 is covered with a radiator cover 32 attached to the shroud 31, and a grill 33 for introducing outside air as cooling air by the cooling fan 29 faces the radiator 30. Are joined. Further, an air discharge port 34 for discharging the cooling air after cooling the radiator 30 to the outside is provided in the shroud 31 on the side of the cooling fan 29.

  The continuously variable transmission 17 is accommodated in a transmission case 40 that is connected to the left end of the crankcase 25 and extends rearward. A gear case 41 adjacent to the left side of the rear wheel 3r is connected to the rear portion of the transmission case 40.

  The continuously variable transmission 17 includes a drive pulley 42 attached to the left end portion of the crankshaft 16 that enters the transmission case 40, and an output shaft 45 that is supported by the transmission case 40 and the gear case 41 in parallel with the crankshaft 16. A driven pulley 43 to be mounted and a belt 44 wound around the driving pulley 42 and the driven pulley 43 are configured.

  The drive pulley 42 includes a fixed pulley half 42a connected to the crankshaft 16 via the start clutch 18, and a movable pulley half 42b that can move forward and backward with respect to the fixed pulley half 42a on the crankshaft 16. The effective diameter of the drive pulley 42, that is, the belt winding radius is adjusted by the advance and retreat of the movable pulley half 42b with respect to the fixed pulley half 42a. A transmission electric motor 46 for moving the movable pulley half 42b forward and backward with respect to the fixed pulley half 42a is attached to the mission case 40.

  The starting clutch 18 is constituted by a centrifugal clutch that is connected when the rotation speed of the crankshaft 16 is a predetermined value or more, for example, 3000 rpm or more.

  The driven pulley 43 includes an inner cylinder 48 that is rotatably supported by the output shaft 45, an outer cylinder 49 that is fitted to the inner cylinder 48 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and a movable pulley that is fixed to the inner cylinder 48. A half pulley 43b, a fixed pulley half 43a fixed to the outer cylinder 49 so as to face the movable pulley half 43b, and the pulley halves 43a and 43b are provided between the pulley halves 43a and 43b. , 43b, a torque cam mechanism 50 that generates thrust between the pulley halves 43a and 43b, and an inner cylinder 48 and a movable pulley to urge the movable pulley half 43b toward the fixed pulley half 43a. It is comprised from the spring 51 contracted between the half bodies 43b.

  Thus, the effective diameter of the driven pulley 43, that is, the belt winding radius is determined by the balance of the thrust generated by the torque cam mechanism 50, the axial biasing force of the spring 51, and the tension of the belt 44. Therefore, for example, when the effective diameter of the drive pulley 42 increases, the effective diameter of the driven pulley 43 automatically decreases, and the gear ratio (reduction ratio) decreases steplessly.

  The electric motor 19 for driving the rear wheels is composed of an outer stator 55 fixed to the transmission case 40 and an inner rotor 56 coupled to the output shaft 45 via a clutch outer 57, and the clutch outer 57 and the driven pulley. The one-way clutch 21 is interposed between the clutch inner 58 connected to the inner cylinder 48 of 43. The one-way clutch 21 can transmit the rotation of the driven pulley 43 to the output shaft 45 and the inner rotor 56. Therefore, when the inner rotor 56 drives the output shaft 45 by the operation of the electric motor 19, the rotation of the inner rotor 56 is not transmitted to the driven pulley 43 side due to the shut-off action of the one-way clutch 21. When the inner rotor 56 is driven from the driven pulley 43 side, the electric motor 19 exhibits a power generation function and charges the battery 12.

  An axle 60 parallel to the output shaft 45 is rotatably supported on the transmission case 40 and the gear case 41, and a reduction gear train 61 that transmits the rotation of the output shaft 45 to the axle 60 with a constant reduction ratio is provided to the gear case 41. Arranged. A hub 62 of the rear wheel 3r is coupled to a right end portion of the axle 60 that protrudes outside the gear case 41. Thus, the output shaft 45, the reduction gear train 61 and the axle 60 constitute the transmission device 20. Further, an exhaust muffler 63 of the engine 15 is disposed on the opposite side of the transmission case 40 with the rear wheel 3r interposed therebetween.

  The motorcycle 1 includes the control device of the present invention that controls the driving of the rear wheel 3r by the engine 15 and the electric motor 19, and the control device will be described with reference to FIG.

  The control device includes a motor drive means 70, an engine drive means 71, and a drive switching control means 72 for selecting the operation of any one of the motor drive means 70 and the engine drive means 71. When the motor driving means 70 is operated, the output of the electric motor 19 is controlled by supplying the electric power of the battery 12 to the electric motor 19 in accordance with the operation amount of an accelerator operating member (not shown) of the steering handle 5. The motorcycle 1 enters a motor travel mode in which the motor 1 travels based on the output of the electric motor 19, and when the engine driving means 71 is activated, the engine 15 is started by the cell dynamo 26, and the intake of the engine 15 is in accordance with the operation amount of the accelerator operation member. When the throttle valve 23 of the system 22 is opened and closed, the output of the engine 15 is controlled, and the motorcycle 1 enters an engine running mode in which the vehicle 1 runs with the output of the engine 15.

  A detection signal of a throttle sensor 73 that detects the opening degree of the throttle valve 23 of the engine 15 is input to the drive switching control means 72. Further, the drive switching control means 72 is provided with a mode map 74 for determining the respective operation areas of the motor driving means 70 and the engine driving means 71.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the mode map 74 has a throttle valve opening speed dθ obtained by calculating the throttle valve opening θ obtained from the detection signal of the throttle sensor 73 on the vertical axis and calculating from the throttle valve opening θ. / Dt is a horizontal axis, and the motor driving means 70 operates in an inner region M defined by a predetermined value line a of the throttle valve opening θ and a predetermined value line b of the throttle valve opening speed dθ / dt. A motor travel mode region, and an outer region E is an engine travel mode region in which the engine driving means 71 operates. The motor travel mode area M is provided with a critical area Ma having a predetermined width adjacent to the engine travel mode area E. When the motor drive means 70 is operating in the critical area Ma, the drive switching control means 72 is In the display unit 35a of the meter unit 35 attached to the steering handle 5 of the motorcycle, “immediately before the engine travels” is displayed with characters or marks.

  Further, the drive switching control means 72 detects the remaining capacity of the battery 12 and controls the display unit 35a and the engine drive means 71 according to the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, when the drive switching control means 72 determines in step 1 that the remaining capacity of the battery 12 has entered a certain range before the lower limit value at which the motor drive means 70 can be operated, the process proceeds to step 2 where the display unit A process of displaying “low remaining capacity” on 35a is performed. If it is determined in step 1 that the remaining capacity of the battery 12 is outside the predetermined range before the lower limit value, the process proceeds to step 3, and if it is determined that the remaining capacity of the battery 12 is less than or equal to the lower limit value. Performs a process for operating the engine driving means 71 in step 4, and then performs a process for displaying “less than the remaining capacity lower limit value” on the display unit 35 a in step 5.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

  Now, if the drive switching control means 72 determines the motor travel mode region M of the mode map 74, the motor drive means 70 is operated to bring the electric motor 19 into an operating state, so that the output of the electric motor 19 is transmitted to the transmission device 20. Is transmitted to the rear wheel 3r via the motor and driven. Therefore, the motorcycle 1 is in the motor travel mode.

  In such a motor traveling mode, it is determined that the operating state of the motor driving means 70 has entered the critical region Ma adjacent to the engine traveling mode region E by increasing the throttle valve opening θ or increasing the throttle valve opening speed dθ / dt. In this case, the motor driving means 70 displays “immediately before engine running” on the display unit 35a by characters or marks, so that the driver can recognize the above state by viewing the display. Therefore, at this time, if the driver desires to continue the motor travel mode, the motor drive means 70 is maintained by maintaining the opening degree of the throttle valve 23 or slowing the opening speed dθ / dt of the throttle valve 23. Thus, the motor travel mode of the motorcycle 1 is continued, and a quiet travel state can be maintained.

  On the other hand, if the throttle valve opening θ or the throttle valve opening speed dθ / dt is increased rapidly in order to desire acceleration of the vehicle, the drive switching control means 72 determines that the engine has moved to the engine travel mode region E, The engine driving means 71 is operated to bring the engine 15 into an operating state, and the output of the crankshaft 16 is transmitted to the rear wheel 3r via the continuously variable transmission 17, the one-way clutch 21 and the transmission device 20 to drive it. . Therefore, the motorcycle 1 is in the engine running mode, and the motorcycle 1 can be quickly accelerated by increasing the output of the engine 15.

  In this way, the drive switching control means 72 is based on the throttle valve opening θ obtained from the detection signal of the throttle sensor 73 and the throttle valve opening speed dθ / dt obtained by calculation based on the throttle valve opening θ. Since each operating region of the means 71 is determined, the will of the driver can be reflected in the switching between the motor travel mode and the engine travel mode of the motorcycle 1.

  If the remaining capacity of the battery 12 falls within a certain range before the lower limit value that enables the operation of the motor driving means 70 in the motor running mode, the display unit 35a displays “low remaining capacity”. The driver can recognize the decrease in the remaining capacity of the battery 12 by looking at the display.

  When the remaining capacity of the battery 12 becomes less than the lower limit value, the drive switching control means 72 automatically switches from the operation of the motor driving means 70 to the operation of the engine driving means 71, so that the engine 15 enters the operating state. The output is transmitted to the rear wheel 3r and the inner rotor 56 of the electric motor 19. Therefore, since the motorcycle 1 is in the engine running mode and the electric motor 19 is in a power generation state and charges the battery 12, it is possible to prevent overdischarge of the battery 12 and prevent the battery 12 from remaining zero. it can.

  At this time, since “lower than the remaining capacity lower limit” is displayed on the display unit 35a, the driver can recognize the cause of the automatic switching to the engine running mode by looking at it.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6 will be described.

  Since the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the previous embodiment except that time is taken on the horizontal axis in the mode map 74, the same parts in FIG. A referential mark is attached | subjected and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  According to the second embodiment, since the motor travel mode region M, the critical region Ma, and the engine travel mode region E are determined depending only on the throttle valve opening θ, the mode map 74 is simplified, Accordingly, the function of the drive switching control means 72 is also simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

  As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A various design change can be performed in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, in the above embodiment, when the motor driving means 70 is operating in the critical region Ma, the notification means for notifying the driver that the drive switching control means 72 is “immediately before engine running” Instead of the part 35a, the steering handle 5 may be provided with a vibration device such as a vibrator, and this may be vibrated at the time described above so that the driver can recognize it.

1 is a side view of a hybrid motorcycle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a vertical plan view of the power unit of the motorcycle. The block diagram of the configuration of the control device of the same motorcycle. The mode map provided in the drive switching control means in FIG. The flowchart which the drive switching control means uses. FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 .... Motorcycle (vehicle)
12 ... Battery 15 ... Engine 19 ... Electric motor 23 ... Throttle valve 35a ... Display 70 ... Motor driving means 71 ... ··· Engine drive means 72 ··· Drive switching control means 73 ··· Throttle sensor 74 ··· Mode map E ··· Operation region of engine drive means (engine travel mode region)
M ··· Motor drive means operating range (motor running mode range)
Ma: Critical region θ: Throttle valve opening dθ / dt: Throttle valve opening speed

Claims (4)

Motor driving means (70) that enables traveling by the output of the electric motor (19), engine driving means (71) that enables traveling by the output of the engine (15), and throttle valve (23 of the engine (15)) ) And the operating areas (M, E) of the motor drive means (70) and the engine drive means (71) corresponding to the detection signal (θ) of the throttle sensor (73). And a drive switching control means (72) provided with a mode map (74) for determining
The mode map (74) is provided with a critical region (Ma) adjacent to the operating region (E) of the engine driving means (71) in the operating region (M) of the motor driving means (70). ) Is provided with notification means (35a) for notifying the driver that the vehicle is operating in the critical region (Ma). The control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1,
The mode map (74) takes into account the opening speed (dθ / dt) of the throttle valve (23) in addition to the detection signal (θ) of the throttle sensor (73), and motor driving means (70) and engine driving means. A control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle, characterized in that each operating region (M, E) of (71) is determined. The control device for a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 or 2,
When the drive switching control means (72) detects the remaining capacity of the battery (12) and determines that the remaining capacity is close to the lower limit value that enables the operation of the motor driving means (70), this is described above. A control device for a hybrid type vehicle, characterized in that the driver is notified by means of notification means (35a). The control device for a hybrid vehicle according to claim 3,
When the motor drive means (70) is activated, when the drive switching control means (72) determines that the remaining capacity of the battery (12) is below the lower limit value that enables the motor drive means (70), A control device for a hybrid vehicle, characterized in that the drive switching control means (72) is configured to switch to the operation of the engine drive means (71).

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