JP4152898B2 - Bulk superconductor magnetizing device, magnetizing method and superconducting synchronous machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a magnetizing device for magnetizing a bulk superconductor (high-temperature superconductor), a magnetizing method thereof, and a superconducting synchronous machine to which the magnetizing device and the magnetizing method are applied.

  A bulk superconductor is a mass of high-temperature superconductors obtained by dispersing and growing a non-superconducting phase exhibiting a pinning effect in a superconducting material. A bulk superconductor can capture a large magnetic field and can be effectively used for a high-performance motor, a generator, or the like if it is used as a magnet after being magnetized.

  The bulk superconductor magnetization methods are roughly classified into a static magnetic field magnetization method and a pulse magnetization method. In the static magnetic field magnetization method, a superconducting magnet is prepared separately from the bulk superconductor to be magnetized, and the bulk superconductor is magnetized by a static magnetic field. According to the static magnetic field magnetization method, a magnetic field exceeding a magnetic flux density of 4 Tesla at 77 Kelvin can be magnetized in the bulk superconductor, and a strong magnetic field can be obtained. However, a magnetizing apparatus that performs the static magnetic field magnetizing method has a limit in miniaturization of the apparatus, which is disadvantageous for magnetizing the bulk superconductor in a device incorporating the bulk superconductor.

  On the other hand, in the pulse magnetization method, a coil is arranged on the side surface of the bulk superconductor, and a pulse current is passed through the coil to cause pulse magnetization. An apparatus for performing the pulse magnetization method is generally smaller than an apparatus for the static magnetic field magnetization method, and is suitable for magnetizing the bulk superconductor in an apparatus incorporating the bulk superconductor in terms of size. .

  A conventional method for magnetizing a bulk superconductor will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a conventional bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus (part 1).

  In this figure, reference numeral 61 is an apparatus using a bulk superconductor as a magnet, 62 is a vacuum container installed in the apparatus 61, 63 is a refrigerant container installed in the vacuum container 62, and 64 is installed in the refrigerant container 63. A magnetized coil; 65, a bulk superconductor installed in the hollow portion of the magnetized coil; 66, a power supply installed outside the device 61; 67, a connection line for connecting the magnetized coil 64 and the power supply 66; Is a refrigerant pipe connected to the refrigerant container 63, and 69 is liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant. Reference numeral 70 denotes a through portion for a connecting line 67 provided in the refrigerant pipe 68.

  The bulk superconductor 65 is cooled to a temperature lower than the critical temperature at which it is transferred to superconductivity by the liquid nitrogen 69 put in the refrigerant container 63 through the refrigerant pipe 68, and enters the superconducting state. In this state, when a current is passed from the power source 66 to the magnetizing coil 64 via the connection line 67, the magnetizing coil 64 has a magnetic flux extending from the outer periphery of the bulk superconductor 65 to the hollow portion of the magnetizing coil 64 in the vertical direction in the drawing. Generate a magnetic field that passes through When this magnetic field is set to a magnetic field between the first (lower) critical magnetic field and the second (upper) critical magnetic field in which the magnetic flux enters the bulk superconductor 65, the bulk superconductor 65 is magnetized. The magnetized state of the bulk superconductor 65 is maintained even after the current of the power supply 66 is cut off, and functions as a magnet of the device 61.

  Next, a bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus using a conventional pulse magnetizing method will be described.

  FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a conventional bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus (part 2) by a pulse magnetizing method.

  In the figure, reference numeral 71 is a heat insulating container, 72 is a cold head in the heat insulating container 71, 73 is a refrigerator, 74 is a compressor, 75 is a copper block, 76 is a bulk superconductor, 77 is a magnetizing coil, and 78 is magnetized. This is a pulse power supply that allows a pulse current to flow. The pulse power supply 78 has a DC variable voltage source 79, a changeover switch 80, a capacitor 81, and a diode 82. The magnetizing coil 77 is wound so as to surround the outer periphery of the bulk superconductor 76.

  In the magnetizing apparatus of FIG. 13, the bulk superconductor 76 is cooled to a temperature below the critical temperature at which it is transferred to superconductivity via the copper block 75 by the cold head 72 cooled by the refrigerator 73, and enters a superconducting state. In this state, the pulse power supply 78 first connects the DC variable voltage source 79 and the capacitor 81 by the changeover switch 80 to charge the capacitor 81, and then switches the changeover switch 80 to connect the capacitor 81 and the magnetizing coil 77. Then, a pulse current is passed through the magnetizing coil 77. The pulse power supply 78 repeats this operation and causes a pulsed pulse current to flow through the magnetizing coil 77.

When a pulse current is passed through the magnetizing coil 77, a magnetic flux passing through the hollow portion of the magnetizing coil 77 is generated in proportion to the magnitude of the current. This magnetic flux is captured by the bulk superconductor 76 in a superconducting state, and the bulk superconductor 76 is magnetized. The amount of magnetic flux captured by the bulk superconductor 76 is proportional to the magnitude of the pulse current flowing through the magnetizing coil 77, that is, the amplitude of the pulse current. The amplitude of the pulse current is changed by changing the voltage of the DC variable voltage source 79 and changing the charging voltage of the capacitor 81. Therefore, when the voltage of the DC variable voltage source 79 is increased, the bulk superconductor 76 is strongly magnetized.
Japanese Patent No. 3172611 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-12429 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-154620 JP 2001-110737 A

  However, it is difficult to magnetize a bulk superconductor by the conventional pulse magnetization method described above, in which a magnetic field exceeding a magnetic flux density of 1 Tesla is obtained at 77 Kelvin. Specifically, in order to magnetize a magnetic field having a magnetic flux density exceeding 1 Tesla by the conventional pulse magnetizing method, it has been necessary to cool to a temperature of 77 Kelvin or less with helium.

  For this reason, there has been a strong demand for an apparatus and method for magnetizing a magnetic field exceeding a magnetic flux density of 1 Tesla in 77 Kelvin that can be easily cooled by liquid nitrogen.

  In addition, the conventional bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus / method has a problem of low magnetizing efficiency.

  That is, in the conventional bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus / method, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the magnetizing coil is installed on the outer periphery of the side surface of the bulk superconductor, and the magnetic flux is It occurs concentrically around the circumference and passes through the hollow portion of the magnetized coil. In this case, since the distance between the magnetizing coil and the bulk superconductor is long, there is a problem that the magnetic flux used for magnetizing decreases.

  Furthermore, as is apparent from FIGS. 12 and 13, the conventional bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus / method has a structure in which the outer circumference of the bulk superconductor is surrounded by a magnetizing coil. For this reason, in order to take out the bulk superconductor as a single unit after magnetization and use it as a permanent magnet, it is necessary to move at least the bulk superconductor from the hollow portion of the magnetized coil. For this reason, the bulk superconductor is used. In actual equipment, it was necessary to provide a complex bulk superconductor support mechanism, which was inconvenient.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that a magnetic field having a magnetic flux density of 1 Tesla or more can be magnetized at a temperature of 77 Kelvin that can be cooled with liquid nitrogen, and the magnetic flux for magnetization can be used efficiently. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus, a magnetizing method, and a superconducting synchronous machine using the bulk superconductor which can be easily taken out and used as a single unit after being magnetized.

  The inventors of the present invention efficiently magnetize a bulk superconductor by magnetizing the bulk superconductor with a magnetic field for magnetization having the same magnetic field distribution as that of a sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor. The present invention has been invented based on the knowledge that it can be obtained. In order to generate a magnetic field for magnetization having the same magnetic field distribution as that of the bulk superconductor to be magnetized, the present invention has substantially the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal. A magnetized coil wound in a spiral shape is used.

That is, the bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus according to the present invention includes a bulk superconductor, a cooling means for cooling the bulk superconductor to a temperature below a critical temperature at which the bulk superconductor is transferred to superconductivity, and the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor. The cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding is a cross-sectional shape in the ab axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor so as to generate a magnetic field for magnetic field distribution having substantially the same shape as the magnetic field distribution in which When substantially the magnetizing means having a magnetizing coil form wound to be the same shape, the bulk superconductor c-axis of the crystal of it parallel to the winding central axis and the bulk superconductor of the magnetizing coil And supporting means for supporting the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the crystal so as to be aligned with the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding of the magnetized coil. .

  The magnetized coil may have a hollow center part of the winding.

  The magnetizing means includes the magnetizing coils forming a pair, and the magnetizing coils of the pair are aligned in the direction perpendicular to the central axis and the central axes of the windings coincide with each other. The magnetizing coil is provided so that the cross-sectional shapes of the magnets are aligned, and the supporting means includes the bulk superconductor between the magnetizing coils of the magnetizing means and the c-axis of the bulk superconductor crystal. Is parallel to the central axis of the winding of the magnetizing coil, and the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor is a cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding of the magnetizing coil It can be supported in alignment.

  The support means preferably supports the bulk superconductor so as to be movable with respect to the magnetized coil.

  Alternatively, the magnetizing means may be configured to be able to move the magnetizing coil relative to the bulk superconductor.

The method for magnetizing a bulk superconductor according to the present invention is to wind a bulk superconductor so as to generate a magnetizing magnetic field having a magnetic field distribution having substantially the same shape as the magnetic field distribution generated by the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor. In the vicinity of the magnetized coil wound so that the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the crystal is substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor, The magnetization is such that the c-axis of the crystal is parallel to the winding center axis of the magnetizing coil, and the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal is perpendicular to the winding center axis of the magnetizing coil. Arranging the magnetic coil so as to match the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic coil, cooling the bulk superconductor to a temperature below a critical temperature for transition to superconductivity, and magnetic flux penetrates the bulk superconductor into the magnetized coil. Current to generate magnetic field It is characterized in that it has the steps, a.

  The magnetized coil may be configured such that the central part of the winding is hollow.

  The magnetizing coil is composed of a pair of magnetizing coils, and the magnetizing coils forming the pair have the same center axis of their windings and the cross sectional shape of the magnetizing coil in the direction perpendicular to the center axis is matched. The bulk superconductor is disposed between the magnetized coils, the c-axis of the crystal is parallel to the central axis of the winding of the magnetized coil, and the ab axis of the bulk superconductor crystal The planar cross-sectional shape may be arranged to match the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding of the magnetized coil.

  After passing a current that generates a magnetic field in which magnetic flux penetrates into the bulk superconductor through the magnetized coil, the bulk superconductor is moved relative to the magnetized coil while maintaining the temperature below the critical temperature. The method may further include a step of causing

In the superconducting synchronous machine according to the present invention, a disk is fixed to a rotation axis in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the c-axis of the crystal is arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the rotation axis in the circumferential direction of the disk. A plurality of bulk superconductors, a cooling means for cooling the bulk superconductor to a temperature below the critical temperature at which it is transferred to superconductivity, and a magnetic field distribution having substantially the same shape as the magnetic field distribution generated by the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor wearing the cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding as magnetizing generate a magnetic field was form wound to be substantially the same shape as the sectional shape of a-b axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductors A coil has a coil, and when the disk is at a predetermined rotation angle, the central axis of the coil winding is parallel to the c-axis of the bulk superconductor crystal and the ab axis of the bulk superconductor crystal The cross-sectional shape of the plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the coil winding Magnetic field generating means provided with the coil so as to match the cross-sectional shape of the direction, a magnetizing power source for supplying a current for generating a magnetic field into which the magnetic flux enters the bulk superconductor to the coil, and the bulk superconductor An AC power source for supplying a current for driving the coil to the coil of the magnetic field generation means, and a changeover switch for switching between the magnetic field generation mode and the AC current supply mode.

In another superconducting synchronous machine according to the present invention, a disk is fixed to a rotating shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft,
A plurality of bulk superconductors arranged so that the c-axis of the crystal is parallel to the axial direction of the rotation axis in the circumferential direction of the disk, and the bulk superconductor is cooled to a temperature lower than a critical temperature at which the bulk superconductor is transferred to superconductivity. The cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding is such that a magnetic field for magnetic field distribution having substantially the same shape as the magnetic field distribution generated by the cooling means and the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor is generated. A coil wound so as to have substantially the same cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor, and when the disc is at a predetermined rotation angle, the central axis of the coil winding is The cross-sectional shape of the bulk superconductor crystal parallel to the c-axis and the cross-sectional shape of the ab-axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal matches the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the coil winding. A magnetic field generating means provided with the coil on the coil; A magnetizing power source for supplying a current for generating a magnetic field in which a magnetic flux penetrates into the bulk superconductor, a motor for rotationally driving the disk on which the superconductor is disposed, a magnetic field generation mode and a power generation mode. And a mode changeover switch for switching.

In still another superconducting synchronous machine according to the present invention, a disk is fixed to a rotating shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and the c-axis of the crystal is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft in the circumferential direction of the disk. A plurality of bulk superconductors arranged in such a manner, a cooling means for cooling the bulk superconductor to a temperature below the critical temperature at which it is transferred to superconductivity, and a magnetic field distribution generated by the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor is approximately the same shape so the almost same shape cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding is the cross-sectional shape of a-b axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor so as to generate a magnetizing field of the magnetic field distribution The coil has a coil, and when the disk is at a predetermined rotation angle, the central axis of the coil winding is parallel to the c-axis of the bulk superconductor crystal and the bulk superconductor crystal a -The cross-sectional shape of the b-axis plane is in the winding of the coil A magnetic field generating means provided with the coil so as to match a cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the axis, a magnetizing power source for supplying a current for generating a magnetic field into which the magnetic flux enters the bulk superconductor to the coil, AC power source for supplying current for driving the bulk superconductor to the coil of the magnetic field generation means, a motor for rotationally driving the disk on which the superconductor is disposed, a magnetic field generation mode, an AC current supply mode, and a power generation mode And a mode changeover switch for switching between and.

  A sensor for detecting the strength of the magnetic field of the bulk superconductor may be provided, and control means for switching to a magnetic field generation mode for inputting a signal of the sensor and magnetizing the bulk superconductor may be provided.

  The coils form a pair with the bulk superconductor sandwiched between them, and the coils forming the pair have a cross-sectional shape of the magnetized coil in a direction perpendicular to the central axis in which the central axes of the windings coincide with each other. The cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the body crystal can be matched.

  The number of coil pairs is preferably an integer multiple of 3, and the number of bulk superconductors is preferably an integer multiple of 2.

  According to the bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus of the present invention, a sufficiently magnetized bulk is obtained by winding the magnetized coil in substantially the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor. It is possible to generate a magnetic field for magnetization having a magnetic field distribution having the same shape as the magnetic field distribution generated by the superconductor. Then, the bulk superconductor has a c-axis parallel to the winding central axis of the magnetized coil and a cross-sectional shape of the bulk superconductor ab axis plane of the magnetized coil. The magnetic field is the same as the magnetic field distribution of the magnetized bulk superconductor by flowing the magnetizing current through the magnetizing coil. The bulk superconductor can be magnetized by the distributed magnetic field. As a result, a magnetic field having a magnetic flux density of 1 Tesla or more can be generated in the bulk superconductor at 77 Kelvin.

  Moreover, according to the bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus of the present invention, the magnetizing coil and the bulk superconductor to be magnetized are held very close to each other, and the magnetizing magnetic flux penetrates the bulk superconductor with little waste. be able to. Thereby, the magnetic flux is effectively used for magnetization. Furthermore, after magnetization, the bulk superconductor can be taken out from between the magnetized coils by translating the magnetized bulk superconductor in a direction (lateral direction) perpendicular to the magnetic pole direction, and used as a permanent magnet. it can. Thereby, it can be easily incorporated into a device using a bulk superconductor, and can be widely applied to devices using a bulk superconductor.

  Moreover, according to the magnetizing apparatus and magnetizing method of the bulk superconductor in which the coil is hollow at the center of the winding, the material of the magnetized coil can be saved, and the magnetized coil is a high temperature superconductor. It is possible to generate a magnetic field for magnetization having a magnetic field distribution substantially the same shape as a magnetic field distribution generated by a sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor without forming a winding of a small diameter portion that is difficult to process in the case of .

  In the superconducting synchronous machine of the present invention, a bulk superconductor is arranged in a circumferential direction on a disk fixed perpendicularly to a rotation axis, and an armature coil at a position facing the bulk superconductor is placed in a crystal of the bulk superconductor. The coil is wound substantially in the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the b-axis plane, and the central axis of the winding of the coil is parallel to the c-axis of the crystal of the bulk superconductor when the disc has a predetermined rotation angle; The magnetizing device according to the present invention can be realized by matching the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal with the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the coil winding. it can.

  Moreover, when the disc rotates, the magnetized bulk superconductor can be easily used as a permanent magnet.

  As a result, the armature coil of the synchronous machine can be used as a magnetizing coil and can be used as it is as a driving or power generation coil. That is, if the drive for driving controlled by the armature coil is flowed after magnetizing the bulk superconductor, it can be used as a superconducting motor, or by rotating the rotary shaft after magnetizing the bulk superconductor. The child coil can be used as a power generation coil. As described above, according to the present invention, since the armature coil can be used as a magnetizing coil, a driving coil, and a power generating coil, a small and highly efficient superconducting synchronous machine can be provided. .

  According to the superconducting synchronous machine of the present invention having the magnetic field sensor and the control means, when the magnetic force of the bulk superconductor of the superconducting synchronous machine is reduced, it can be automatically detected and switched to the magnetization mode to be magnetized. .

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. 1 shows the structure of a bulk superconductor magnetizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The magnetizing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a bulk superconductor 2, a cooling unit 3, a magnetizing unit 4, and a supporting unit 5.

  The bulk superconductor 2 is an RE-Ba-Cu-O superconductor (RE is Gd) which shows a high critical current density even in a high magnetic field near 77 Kelvin which can be easily cooled with liquid nitrogen among high-temperature superconductors and does not break the superconducting state Rare earth elements such as Sm, Y) are preferably used.

  A bulk superconductor such as RE-Ba-Cu-O is a mass (bulk) of a high-temperature superconductor obtained by dispersing and growing a non-superconducting phase exhibiting a pinning effect in a raw material. Bulk superconductors can capture a larger magnetic field than high performance permanent magnets.

The bulk superconductor 2 of this embodiment is formed in a columnar shape, has a side band 2a made of stainless steel on the side surface, and an oxide superconducting bulk material 2b (prepared composition: Dd ₁ Ba ₂ Cu ₃ O _6.9) inside the side band 2a. _{, 70.9wt%, Gd 2 Ba 1} Cu 1 O 5.0, 19.2wt%, Pt 0.5wt%, are arranged Ag 9.4 wt%). The side band 2a may be omitted as appropriate, or may be another alternative means for preventing damage.

  The oxide superconducting bulk material 2b is formed so as to have crystal a, b axis and c axis in the direction shown in FIG. That is, the c-axis is shaped so as to be parallel to the center axis of the cylinder.

  The cooling means 3 has a cooling device 3a and a refrigerant passage 3b. The cooling device 3a has a refrigerant inside. The cooling passage 3 b includes a refrigerant flow path provided in the pipe or the support means 5. The refrigerant passage 3b preferably circulates around the outer periphery of the bulk superconductor 2 and can be cooled to a temperature below the critical temperature at which the bulk superconductor 2 is transferred to the superconducting state, that is, a temperature of 77 Kelvin or less in this embodiment. It is arranged like this.

  The magnetizing means 4 has a pair of magnetizing coils 4a, a magnetizing pulse power source 4b, and a connection line 4c. The connection line 4c connects between the magnetizing coil 4a and the pulse power source 4b and between the magnetizing coils 4a.

  The magnetizing coil 4a is wound in substantially the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor 2 (strictly, the oxide superconducting bulk material 2b). Specifically, the magnetizing coil 4a is formed in a multi-layered shape with a spirally wound conducting wire. The “same shape” includes similar cases, including the same outline and different dimensions.

  A line connecting the centers of the spiral copper wires is referred to as a “winding central axis”. When a strip-shaped copper wire is wound in a spiral shape, a line perpendicular to the spiral surface at the center of the spiral is the central axis of the winding.

  When the magnetizing coils 4a are paired as in this embodiment, the winding center axes of the magnetizing coils 4a of the paired magnetizing coils 4a coincide and are perpendicular to the center axis of the windings. It arrange | positions so that the cross-sectional shape of the magnetizing coil 4a may match. In this embodiment, since the cross-sectional shape of the magnetizing coil 4a in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding is circular, if the winding central axis of each magnetizing coil 4a matches, each magnetizing coil 4a. The cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding of the coil is automatically matched. Arrange as follows.

  The paired magnetizing coils 4a are arranged as described above, and the magnetizing coils 4a and the magnetizing coil 4a and the pulse power source 4b are connected in series by a connection line 4c.

  The pulse power supply 4b includes a DC variable voltage source, a changeover switch, a capacitor, and a diode (not shown) as in the conventional pulse power supply. The pulse power source 4b can flow a pulsed magnetizing current to the magnetizing coil 4a by switching the changeover switch, as already described in the prior art.

  The support means 5 is formed by using a bulk superconductor 2 in which the c-axis of the oxide superconducting bulk material crystal is parallel to the winding central axis of the magnetizing coil 4a and the a- It is a means for supporting the cross-sectional shape of the b-axis plane so as to match the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding of the magnetizing coil 4a. When the bulk superconductor 2 and the magnetizing coil 4a have different sizes, the central axes of the windings coincide with each other, and the top and sides of the cross-sectional shape are supported on the same radial line with respect to the central axis.

  The support means 5 is configured to be able to move the bulk superconductor 2 in a direction transverse to the winding central axis of the magnetized coil 4a, preferably while holding the bulk superconductor 2.

  In the magnetizing apparatus 1, when magnetizing, the bulk superconductor 2 is sandwiched between the magnetizing coils 4 a of the magnetizing means 4 by the support means 5, and the bulk superconductor 2 (oxide superconducting bulk material 2 b) is crystallized. The c-axis is parallel to the central axis of the winding of the magnetizing coil 4a, and the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor 2 (oxide superconducting bulk material 2b) is the winding of the magnetizing coil 4a. It is moved to a position that matches the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of and is supported at that position.

  On the other hand, the cooling means 3 sends the refrigerant through the refrigerant passage 3b to cool the bulk superconductor 2 to a temperature below the critical temperature at which it transitions to the superconducting state.

  In this state, the pulse power supply 4b causes a magnetizing pulse current to flow through the magnetizing coil 4a, thereby generating a magnetizing magnetic field in the magnetizing coil 4a. When a current for generating a magnetic field between the first critical magnetic field and the second critical magnetic field is passed through the magnetizing coil 4a, the bulk superconductor 2 is magnetized.

  FIG. 2 shows the magnetic field distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnetizing coil 4a.

  FIG. 2A shows a pair of magnetizing coils 4a and side surfaces of the bulk superconductor 2 supported therebetween, and FIG. 2B shows a magnetic field distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnetizing coils 4a. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the magnetizing coil 4a wound in a spiral shape having a circular cross section generates a magnetic field having a conical magnetic field distribution when a pulse current for magnetization flows. This conical magnetic field has the same shape as the magnetic field generated when the cylindrical bulk superconductor 2 is sufficiently magnetized.

  Thus, by magnetizing the bulk superconductor 2 with a magnetic field having the same magnetic field distribution, as shown in FIG. 3, the maximum magnetic field of magnetization is proportional to the magnitude of the pulse current applied to the magnetizing coil 4a. And the peak value of the pulse current can exceed the maximum trapped magnetic flux density of 1 Tesla, which was not obtained by the conventional pulse magnetization method, in the vicinity of 3500 amperes.

  With this magnetizing apparatus and magnetizing method, magnetization exceeding 1 Tesla using a conventional helium refrigerator or a static magnetic field magnetizing method is performed simply and with high efficiency by using a pulsed magnetizing method with liquid nitrogen. be able to.

  In addition, according to the magnetizing apparatus and the magnetizing method of the present invention, the magnetizing coil 4a and the bulk superconductor 2 can be arranged extremely close to each other and magnetized, and the magnetic flux generated by the magnetizing coil 4a is wasted. It is used for magnetization of the bulk superconductor 2 and can be magnetized with high efficiency.

  Furthermore, according to the magnetizing apparatus and the magnetizing method of the present invention, if the supporting means 5 is swung or translated after magnetizing, the bulk superconductor 2 is taken out from between the magnetizing coils 4a, and a single permanent member is obtained. It can be used as a magnet. Thereby, the apparatus which can be easily utilized as a permanent magnet after magnetization can be comprised. In order to maintain the superconducting state of the bulk superconductor 2, the bulk superconductor 2 is cooled to a temperature equal to or lower than the critical temperature (superconducting transition temperature) by the cooling means 3 during and after the movement.

  In the above embodiment, the support means 5 is a movable means and the magnetizing coil 4a is a fixed means. In short, it is sufficient that the bulk superconductor 2 and the magnetizing coil 4a after magnetization are relatively moved. If necessary, the support means 5 may be the fixed side and the magnetized coil 4a may be the movable side.

  FIG. 4 is a modification of the magnetizing apparatus 1 of FIG.

  4, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  The magnetizing device 1 'in FIG. 4 differs from the magnetizing device 1 in FIG. 1 in that the center of the winding of the magnetizing coil 4a' is hollow, and the other configuration is the magnetizing device 1 in FIG. Is the same.

  The magnetization method of the magnetizing device 1 'is the same as that of the magnetizing device 1 of FIG. However, the magnetic field distribution of magnetization is different because the magnetizing coil 4a 'is a central cavity.

  FIG. 5 shows the magnetic field distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnetizing coil 4a.

  FIG. 5 (a) shows a magnetizing coil 4a ′ having a hollow center portion of a pair and a side surface of the bulk superconductor 2 supported therebetween, and FIG. 5 (b) is shown by the magnetizing coil 4a ′. The magnetic field distribution of the generated magnetic field is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the magnetizing coil 4a ′ wound in a spiral shape with a circular cross section and having a hollow winding central portion has a substantially conical shape when a magnetizing pulse current flows. It generates a magnetic field with a frustoconical magnetic field distribution with a slightly concave top. The frustoconical magnetic field is not completely the same shape as the magnetic field generated when the cylindrical bulk superconductor 2 is magnetized, but is similar to the magnetizing apparatus 1 of FIG. 1 due to the similar magnetic field distribution. Highly efficient magnetization can be realized.

  When the center of the winding of the magnetizing coil 4a 'is hollow as in the magnetizing apparatus 1', the magnetizing coil material can be saved, and the magnetizing coil can be saved by the high-temperature superconductor wire. It is possible to form a winding without winding a winding of a small diameter portion that is difficult to process, and to magnetize a magnetic field distribution that is approximately the same shape as the magnetic field distribution of a magnetized bulk superconductor Since a magnetic field can be generated, a highly practical magnetizing apparatus and magnetizing method can be obtained.

  In the above embodiment, a cylindrical bulk superconductor and a magnetized coil wound in a cylindrical shape have been described. However, if the bulk superconductor is magnetized by a magnetizing magnetic field having the same magnetic field distribution as that of a sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor, the bulk superconductor can be efficiently magnetized. The technical idea can be applied to any shape of superconductor. As an example, a magnetizing apparatus that magnetizes a bulk superconductor formed in a rod-shaped rectangular parallelepiped will be described below.

  FIG. 6 shows a magnetizing apparatus that magnetizes a bulk superconductor formed in a rod-shaped rectangular parallelepiped.

  The magnetizing device 6 of this embodiment has a bulk superconductor 7, a cooling means 8, a magnetizing means 9, and a supporting means 10.

  The bulk superconductor 7 is formed in a rod-shaped rectangular parallelepiped as a whole. In practice, a plurality of dice-shaped bulk superconductors are connected and formed so that the c-axis of the crystal as a whole has the same direction in a direction perpendicular to the length direction.

  The material of the bulk superconductor 7 can be the same as that of the bulk superconductor 2 of FIG.

  The cooling means 8 has a cooling device 8a and a refrigerant passage 8b. The cooling device 8a has a refrigerant inside. The cooling passage 8 b includes a refrigerant flow path provided in the pipe or the support means 10. The refrigerant passage 8b is preferably circulated around the outer periphery of the bulk superconductor 7 so as to be cooled to a temperature equal to or lower than the critical temperature at which the bulk superconductor 7 is transferred to the superconducting state.

  The magnetizing means 9 has a pair of magnetizing coils 9a, a magnetizing pulse power supply 9b, and a connection line 9c. The connection line 9c connects between the magnetizing coil 9a and the pulse power source 9b and between the magnetizing coils 9a.

  The magnetizing coil 9 a is wound in substantially the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor 7. Specifically, the magnetizing coil 9a has a rectangular outline and a spirally wound conducting wire formed in a multilayer shape. The “same shape” includes similar cases as described above.

  The magnetizing coil 9a can be wound in a single layer in a spiral shape without forming a multilayer structure.

  The line connecting the centers of the spiral copper wires is called the center axis of the winding. In this case, the center in the length direction and the center of the spiral copper wire (the center in the width direction) is the winding center axis. It becomes the central axis. When a strip-shaped copper wire is wound in a spiral shape, a line passing through the center of the spiral (the center in the width direction) and the center in the length direction and perpendicular to the spiral surface becomes the central axis of the winding.

  In the present embodiment, since the magnetizing coils 9a make a pair, the magnetizing coils in the direction in which the central axes of the respective magnetizing coils 9a of the magnetizing coils 9a making a pair coincide and are perpendicular to the central axis of the windings. It arrange | positions so that the cross-sectional shape (generally rectangular shape) of 9a may match. The fact that the substantially rectangular cross section is aligned means that the vertex or four sides of the rectangle are located at the same angle with respect to the winding central axis. Alternatively, when viewed from the winding central axis, the cross-sectional shapes of the two magnetized coils 9a may match.

  Both magnetized coils 9a are connected in series by a connection line 9c, and further connected to a pulse power supply 9b.

  The pulse power supply 9b has a DC variable voltage source (not shown), a changeover switch, a capacitor, and a diode, as in the conventional pulse power supply, and allows a pulsed magnetizing current to flow through the magnetizing coil 9a by switching the changeover switch. It can be done.

  The supporting means 10 includes a bulk superconductor 7 in which the crystal c-axis is parallel to the winding central axis of the magnetizing coil 9a, and the cross-sectional shape of the crystal of the bulk superconductor 7 in the ab-axis plane is that of the magnetizing coil 9a. Means for supporting the winding so as to be aligned with the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding.

  The support means 10 is preferably configured to be able to move the bulk superconductor 7 in a direction transverse to the winding central axis of the magnetized coil 9a while holding the bulk superconductor 7.

  FIG. 7 shows the magnetic field distribution of the magnetic field generated by the magnetizing coil 9a.

  FIG. 7A shows a pair of magnetized coils 9a and a bulk superconductor 7 supported between the magnetized coils 9a as viewed from the width direction, and FIG. 7B shows a magnetic field generated by the magnetized coils 9a. Shows the magnetic field distribution.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (b), the magnetizing coil 9a wound in a spiral shape having a substantially rectangular cross section has a long saddle shape and a crossing perpendicular to the length direction when a magnetizing pulse current flows. A magnetic field with a triangular surface is generated. This long bowl-shaped magnetic field has the same shape as the magnetic field generated when the rod-shaped rectangular parallelepiped bulk superconductor 7 is sufficiently magnetized.

  Thus, by magnetizing the bulk superconductor 7 with a magnetic field having the same magnetic field distribution, magnetization exceeding a magnetic flux density of 1 Tesla can be performed with 77 Kelvin.

  After magnetization, the magnetized bulk superconductor 7 can be easily taken out from between the magnetized coils 9a by moving the support means 10 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding, and as a permanent magnet Can be used.

  In the magnetized coil 9a, the center of the winding can be hollow. In this case, the bowl-shaped magnetic field generated by the magnetizing coil 9a is slightly depressed at the top, but is the same as the magnetic field distribution of the magnetic field generated by the substantially magnetized bulk superconductor 7. Also in this case, the bulk superconductor 7 can be magnetized with high efficiency, and since it is not necessary to wind the winding center portion with a small bending radius, it is possible to obtain a magnetizing device 6 that is easy to manufacture.

  In the above embodiments, all the magnetized coils are paired, but the bulk superconductor can be magnetized from one side using one magnetized coil.

  The above is the description of the magnetizing device and the magnetizing method of the present invention. Next, the superconducting synchronous machine using the magnetizing device and the magnetizing method of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a synchronous machine having a bulk superconductor magnetizing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a part of the bulk superconductor.

  8 and 9, reference numeral 11 is a rotating shaft, 12 is a disk fixed in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 11, 13 is an outer casing, 14 is an inner casing, 15 is a pipe, and 16 is a cooling means. A refrigerant generator, 17 is a magnetizing power source for generating a magnetizing pulse current, 18 is a connection line, 19A and 19B are bearings, 20A and 20B are seals, and 21, 21 'to 26 and 26' are magnetic field generating means. The armature coil that also serves as the driving coil and the component, 27 is a refrigerant chamber constituting the cooling means, 28 is a heat insulating portion, 29 to 36 are holes formed in the disk 12, and 37 to 44 are holes 29 to 36. Bulk superconductors disposed respectively, 45 is an AC power source for driving the synchronous machine, and 46 is a changeover switch for switching between a magnetic field generation mode for magnetizing and an AC current supply mode for driving operation.

  The disk 12 corresponds to the support means of the magnetizing apparatus of the present invention, is fixed in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 11, and bulk superconducting so that the c-axis of the crystal is parallel to the rotating shaft 11 in the circumferential direction. The body 37-44 is hold | maintained.

  The armature coils 21, 21 ′ to 26, 26 ′ are wound in substantially the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the crystal of the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 on the ab axis plane, and the disk 12 is rotated at a predetermined rotation angle. The central axis of the winding of the coil is parallel to the c-axis of the crystal of the bulk superconductor 37 to 44, and the cross-sectional shape of the ab-axis plane of the crystal of the bulk superconductor is the winding of the coil It is provided so as to match the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis.

  Further, here, a magnetic field sensor (here, a Hall element) 47 is arranged inside the inner casing 14, and when the magnetic force of the bulk superconductor detected by the magnetic field sensor 47 falls below a predetermined value, a control means (controller; PC ) 48 is automatically switched to the magnetized mode. In addition, the disk 12 itself can be cooled, and in that case, a cooling means (not shown) is added separately.

  The operation of the synchronous machine having the bulk superconductor magnetizing device will be described below.

  First, the magnetic field generation mode for magnetization will be described.

  The eight bulk superconductors 37 to 44 attached to the disk 12 are cooled below the critical temperature at which they are transferred to superconductivity by the refrigerant in the refrigerant chamber 27, for example, liquid nitrogen.

  In the meantime, the disk 12 is rotated with respect to the armature coils 21, 21 ′ to 26, 26 ′, which are elements of the magnetic field generation means and are mounted six by six so as to face the side surface of the inner casing 14. For example, the centers of the armature coils 21 and 21 'and the bulk superconductor 37 are aligned (at this time, the centers of the armature coils 24 and 24' and the bulk superconductor 41 are also aligned).

  In this state, current is supplied from the magnetizing power source 17 to the armature coils 21 and 21 ′ (current can be supplied to the armature coils 21 and 21 ′ and the armature coils 24 and 24 ′ simultaneously), and the bulk superconductor. A magnetic field between the first critical magnetic field and the second critical magnetic field in which the magnetic flux penetrates into the bulk superconductor 37 is created around 37. By doing so, the bulk superconductor 37 is magnetized, and the bulk superconductor 37 remains magnetized even after the current of the magnetizing power source 17 flowing through the armature coil 21 and the armature coil 21 'is cut off. The remaining bulk superconductor 37 becomes a magnet (the bulk superconductor 41 can also be magnetized simultaneously).

  Next, the disk 12 is rotated, for example, the centers of the armature coils 21 and 21 ′ and the bulk superconductor 38 are aligned (at this time, the centers of the armature coils 24 and 24 ′ and the bulk superconductor 42 are also aligned). That is, the current flows in the opposite direction. Thereby, the bulk superconductor 38 becomes a magnet (the bulk superconductor 42 can also be magnetized at the same time). In this way, the bulk superconductors 37, 39, 41 and 43 are magnets having the same polarity, and the bulk superconductors 38, 40, 42 and 44 are magnets having opposite polarities.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the armature coils 21, 21 ′ to 26, 26 ′ have a function of magnetizing the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 as described above, together with a function of rotating the rotating shaft 11 as described later. Also have.

  Next, an alternating current supply mode for rotational driving will be described.

  When the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 are magnetized, by switching the changeover switch 46, the current supply source is changed from the magnetizing power supply 17 to the AC power supply 45, and the AC current supply mode is set. A force according to Fleming's left-hand rule acts between the superconductors 37 to 44 and the armature coils 21, 21 ′ to 26, 26 ′, and functions as a superconducting motive. Then, in the driving state, as described above, the strength of the magnetic force of the bulk superconductor is monitored by the magnetic field sensor 47 and the control means 48, and when the strength of the magnetic force falls below a predetermined value, the control means 48 automatically It is possible to switch to the magnetization mode (magnetic field generation mode) of the bulk superconductor.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the armature coils 21, 21 ′ to 26, 26 ′ are used for magnetizing the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 and for rotating the magnetized bulk superconductors 37 to 44. Therefore, the superconducting synchronous machine can be miniaturized.

  In addition, since the superconducting synchronous machine of the present embodiment uses the magnetizing device according to the present invention, it is possible to achieve all of the specific effects of the magnetizing device according to the present invention, such as high-efficiency and powerful magnetization. .

  Next, a superconducting synchronous machine according to another embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 10 shows a configuration of a superconducting synchronous machine according to another embodiment. 10, the same parts as those of the superconducting synchronous machine of FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of FIG.

  The superconducting synchronous machine according to the present embodiment is a generator-type synchronous machine having the magnetizing device of the present invention.

  The superconducting synchronous machine of the present embodiment has a load 49 and a mode switching switch 50 that switches between a magnetic field generation mode (magnetization mode) and a power generation mode. Moreover, the motor | power_engine 51 which rotationally drives the rotating shaft 11 at the time of an electric power generation mode is also provided.

  In the superconducting synchronous machine of this embodiment, the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 are magnetized by the same magnetic field generation mode (magnetization mode) as the superconducting synchronous machine of FIG.

  In the power generation mode, after magnetizing the bulk superconductors 37 to 44, the mode switching switch 50 is switched to the power generation mode, and the rotary shaft 11 is rotationally driven by the prime mover 51. By rotating the rotary shaft 11 with the prime mover 51, power is generated between the magnetized bulk superconductors 37 to 44 and the armature coils 21, 21 'to 26, 26' by electromagnetic induction by the Fleming's right-hand rule. Is done. The current generated at this time is supplied to the load 49 and can work.

  The magnetic field sensor 47 detects the magnetic force of the bulk superconductors 37 to 44, and the control means 48 inputs the detection signal of the magnetic field sensor 47, and automatically when the magnetic force of the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 becomes smaller than a predetermined value. Thus, the mode switching switch 50 is controlled so as to magnetize the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 by switching to the magnetization mode (magnetic field generation mode).

  According to this embodiment, the armature coils 21, 21 ′ to 26, 26 ′ are used for magnetizing the bulk superconductors 37 to 44, and current is generated by the magnetized bulk superconductors 37 to 44. Since it is also used as a power generation coil, the superconducting synchronous machine can be miniaturized.

  Next, a superconducting synchronous machine according to still another embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 11 shows the configuration of a superconducting synchronous machine according to another embodiment. In FIG. 11, the same parts as those of the superconducting synchronous machine of FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of FIG.

  The superconducting synchronous machine according to the present embodiment has the magnetizing device of the present invention, and can be operated by switching between the magnetic field generation mode (magnetization mode), the alternating current supply mode (drive mode), and the power generation mode. It is a synchronous machine.

  The superconducting synchronous machine of this embodiment has an AC power source 52, a load 53, a mode changeover switch 54, a control means 55, and a prime mover 56.

  The superconducting synchronous machine of this embodiment magnetizes the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 by the same magnetic field generation mode (magnetization mode) as the superconducting synchronous machine of FIGS.

  When in the alternating current supply mode (driving mode) by switching the mode switch 54, the alternating current from the alternating current power source 52 to the armature coils 21, 21 'to 26, 26' is the same as in the superconducting synchronous machine of FIG. It functions as a superconducting motive by supplying electric current and interacting with the magnetized bulk superconductors 37-44.

  On the other hand, in the power generation mode by switching the mode changeover switch 54, the magnetized bulk superconductor is positively driven by the prime mover 56 so as to rotate in the same manner as in the superconducting synchronous machine of FIG. Electric power is generated by electromagnetic induction action according to Fleming's right-hand rule between the armature coils 37, 44 and the armature coils 21, 21 ′ -26, 26 ′, and power can be supplied to the load 53.

  Also in this embodiment, the magnetic field sensor 47 detects the strength of the magnetic force of the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 in both the power generation mode and the electric mode, and the control means 55 outputs the detection signal of the magnetic field sensor 47. When the magnetic force of the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 is reduced below a certain value, the mode changeover switch 54 is switched so as to magnetize the bulk superconductors 37 to 44 by switching to the magnetization mode (magnetic field generation mode). Control.

  Note that a bulk superconductor having a circular cross section (a-b axis cross section of the crystal) as in this embodiment has a conical magnetic flux density distribution when sufficiently magnetized. At this time, if the armature coils 21, 21 ′ to 26, 26 ′ are spirally wound in a circular shape, an effect that the electromotive force of the synchronous machine becomes a sine wave shape also occurs. On the other hand, the magnetic field generated when a current is passed through a spiral circular coil generates a conical magnetic flux density, which has the same shape as the magnetic east density distribution of a fully magnetized bulk superconductor as described above. As a result, the bulk superconductor can be efficiently magnetized.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the armature coils 21, 21 ′ to 26, 26 ′ are used for magnetizing the bulk superconductors 37 to 44, and the magnetized bulk superconductors 37 to 44 are used. The multi-function and miniaturized superconducting synchronous machine is provided because it is also used as a power generating coil that generates current by the magnetized bulk superconductors 37 to 44. be able to.

  In the above embodiment, the number of coil pairs is 3 and the number of bulk superconductors is 8, but in the present invention, the number of coil pairs is an integer multiple of 3, and the number of bulk superconductors is an integer of 2. It is preferable to double. With this configuration, bulk superconductors other than the pair of bulk superconductors that are aligned with the armature coils for magnetization are not aligned with the armature coils, and are balanced so that an unbalanced force does not occur. Further, since the phases of the bulk superconductor and the armature coil are slightly shifted, it is suitable for driving or power generation.

  In the above embodiment, the armature coil serves as a magnetizing coil and a driving coil, or serves as both a magnetizing coil and a power generating coil, or serves as a magnetizing coil, a driving coil, and a power generating coil. Of course, a magnetizing coil may be prepared separately from the driving coil and the power generating coil. Even in this case, the magnetizing efficiency is high, and there is an effect that the bulk superconductor can be moved after the magnetizing and can be easily used as a permanent magnet.

  According to the superconducting synchronous machine of the present invention, a large torque can be generated by a strong magnetic field, the power conversion efficiency is high, and the conventional superconducting synchronous machine can be remarkably reduced in size and weight.

  In addition, the present invention enables the combined use of a magnetized winding and an iron core-less armature winding in a marine high-temperature superconducting synchronous machine that rotates an electric propeller. Can do.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible based on the spirit of the present invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

The block diagram of the magnetization apparatus of the bulk superconductor by one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which showed the relationship between the magnetic field distribution of the magnetization apparatus of the bulk superconductor by one Embodiment of this invention, and the magnetic field for magnetization. A graph showing the relationship between the intensity of pulsed current and the maximum trapped magnetic flux density by the bulk superconductor. The block diagram of the magnetization apparatus of the bulk superconductor by one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which showed the relationship between the magnetic field distribution of the magnetization apparatus of the bulk superconductor by the embodiment of FIG. 4, and the magnetic field for magnetization. The block diagram of the magnetization apparatus of the bulk superconductor by one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which showed the relationship between the magnetic field distribution of the magnetization apparatus of the bulk superconductor by the embodiment of FIG. 6, and the magnetic field for magnetization. The block diagram of the superconducting synchronous machine by one Embodiment of this invention. The figure which showed the positional relationship of the bulk superconductor and armature coil of the superconducting synchronous machine of FIG. The block diagram of the superconducting synchronous machine by one Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram of the superconducting synchronous machine by one Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram of the conventional magnetizing apparatus. The block diagram of the conventional magnetizing apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnetization apparatus 2 Bulk superconductor 2a Side band 2b Oxide superconducting bulk material 3 Cooling means 3a Refrigeration apparatus 3b Refrigerant passage 4 Magnetization means 4a Magnetization coil 4b Pulse power supply 4c Connection line 5 Support means 6 Magnetization apparatus 7 Bulk superconductor 8 Cooling means 9 Magnetizing means 9a Magnetizing coil 9b Pulse power supply 9c Connection line 10 Support means 11 Rotating shaft 12 Disc 13 Outer casing 14 Inner casing 15 Pipe 16 Refrigerating generator 17 Magnetizing power supply 18 Connection line 19 Bearing 20 Seal 21 Armature coil 21 'Armature coil 22 Armature coil 22' Armature coil 23 Armature coil 23 'Armature coil 24 Armature coil 24' Armature coil 25 Armature coil 25 'Armature coil 26 Armature coil 26 'Armature coil 27 Refrigerant chamber 28 Heat insulation 29 Hole 30 Hole 31 Hole 32 Hole 33 Hole 34 Hole 35 Hole 36 Hole 37 Bulk superconductor 38 Bulk superconductor 39 Bulk superconductor 40 Bulk superconductor 41 Bulk superconductor 42 Bulk superconductor 43 Bulk superconductor 44 Bulk superconductor 45 AC power supply 46 Changeover switch 48 Control means 49 Load 50 Mode changeover switch 51 Motor 52 AC power supply 53 Load 54 Mode changeover switch 55 Control means 56 Prime mover

Claims (15)

Bulk superconductors,
Cooling means for cooling the bulk superconductor to a temperature below the critical temperature at which it is transferred to superconductivity;
The cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding has a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis of the winding so as to generate a magnetizing magnetic field having a magnetic field distribution substantially the same shape as the magnetic field distribution generated by the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor. Magnetizing means having a magnetizing coil wound so as to have substantially the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the crystal;
In the bulk superconductor, the c-axis of the crystal is parallel to the winding center axis of the magnetizing coil, and the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal is the center axis of the winding of the magnetizing coil. A bulk superconductor magnetizing device comprising: support means for supporting the cross sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction.   2. The bulk superconductor magnetizing device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetizing coil has a hollow center part of the winding. The magnetizing means includes the magnetizing coils forming a pair, and the magnetizing coils forming the pair cross the magnetizing coils in a direction in which the central axes of their windings coincide with each other and are perpendicular to the central axis. The magnetizing coil is provided so that the surface shape matches,
The supporting means includes the bulk superconductor between the magnetizing coils of the magnetizing means, the c-axis of the crystal of the bulk superconductor is parallel to the central axis of the winding of the magnetized coil, and the bulk superconducting The cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the body crystal is supported so as to match the cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding of the magnetized coil. Bulk superconductor magnetizer.   The bulk superconductor magnetizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the supporting means supports the bulk superconductor to be movable with respect to the magnetizing coil.   The magnetization of the bulk superconductor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnetizing means is configured to be able to move the magnetizing coil relative to the bulk superconductor. apparatus. The bulk superconductor has a cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding so as to generate a magnetizing magnetic field having a magnetic field distribution substantially the same shape as the magnetic field distribution generated by the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor. The c-axis of the bulk superconductor crystal is wound around the magnetized coil in the vicinity of the magnetized coil wound so as to have substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the ab axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal. Arranged so that the cross-sectional shape of the ab axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal is aligned with the transverse cross-sectional shape of the magnetized coil in the direction perpendicular to the winding central axis of the magnetized coil, parallel to the central axis And the stage of
Cooling the bulk superconductor to a temperature below the critical temperature for transition to superconductivity;
Applying a current to generate a magnetic field in which magnetic flux penetrates into the bulk superconductor to the magnetized coil, and magnetizing the bulk superconductor.   The method for magnetizing a bulk superconductor according to claim 6, wherein the magnetized coil has a hollow center part of the winding.   The magnetizing coil is composed of a pair of magnetizing coils, and the magnetizing coils forming the pair have the same center axis of their windings and the cross sectional shape of the magnetizing coil in the direction perpendicular to the center axis is matched. The bulk superconductor is disposed between the magnetized coils, the c-axis of the crystal is parallel to the central axis of the winding of the magnetized coil, and the ab axis of the bulk superconductor crystal The method for magnetizing a bulk superconductor according to claim 6, wherein the planar cross-sectional shape is arranged so as to match the cross-sectional shape in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding of the magnetizing coil.   After passing a current that generates a magnetic field in which magnetic flux penetrates into the bulk superconductor through the magnetized coil, the bulk superconductor is moved relative to the magnetized coil while maintaining the temperature below the critical temperature. The method for magnetizing a bulk superconductor according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising: A plurality of bulk superconductors fixed to a rotating shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft and arranged so that a c-axis of a crystal is parallel to an axial direction of the rotating shaft in a circumferential direction of the disk;
Cooling means for cooling the bulk superconductor to a temperature below the critical temperature at which it is transferred to superconductivity;
The cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding has a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis of the winding so as to generate a magnetizing magnetic field having a magnetic field distribution substantially the same shape as the magnetic field distribution generated by the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor. A coil wound so as to have substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the ab plane of the crystal, and the central axis of the winding of the coil is the bulk superconductor when the disk is at a predetermined rotation angle The coil is parallel to the c-axis of the crystal and the cross-sectional shape of the ab-axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal matches the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the coil winding. Provided magnetic field generating means;
A magnetizing power source for supplying a current for generating a magnetic field in which magnetic flux penetrates into the bulk superconductor into the coil;
An AC power supply for supplying a current for driving the bulk superconductor to the coil of the magnetic field generating means;
A superconducting synchronous machine comprising a changeover switch for switching between a magnetic field generation mode and an alternating current supply mode. A plurality of bulk superconductors fixed to a rotating shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft and arranged so that a c-axis of a crystal is parallel to an axial direction of the rotating shaft in a circumferential direction of the disk;
Cooling means for cooling the bulk superconductor to a temperature below the critical temperature at which it is transferred to superconductivity;
The cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding has a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis of the winding so as to generate a magnetizing magnetic field having a magnetic field distribution substantially the same shape as the magnetic field distribution generated by the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor. cross-sectional shape of a-b axis plane of the crystal and having a coil form wound to be substantially the same shape, the central axis of winding of the coil when the disc is a predetermined rotation angle is the bulk superconductor The coil is parallel to the c-axis of the crystal and the cross-sectional shape of the ab-axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal matches the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the coil winding. Provided magnetic field generating means;
A magnetizing power source for supplying a current for generating a magnetic field in which magnetic flux penetrates into the bulk superconductor into the coil;
A prime mover that rotationally drives the disk on which the superconductor is disposed;
A superconducting synchronous machine comprising a mode changeover switch for switching between a magnetic field generation mode and a power generation mode. A plurality of bulk superconductors fixed to a rotating shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft and arranged so that a c-axis of a crystal is parallel to an axial direction of the rotating shaft in a circumferential direction of the disk;
Cooling means for cooling the bulk superconductor to a temperature below the critical temperature at which it is transferred to superconductivity;
The cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the winding has a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the central axis of the winding so as to generate a magnetizing magnetic field having a magnetic field distribution substantially the same shape as the magnetic field distribution generated by the sufficiently magnetized bulk superconductor. A coil wound so as to have substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the ab plane of the crystal, and the central axis of the winding of the coil is the bulk superconductor when the disk is at a predetermined rotation angle The coil is parallel to the c-axis of the crystal and the cross-sectional shape of the ab-axis plane of the bulk superconductor crystal matches the cross-sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the coil winding. Provided magnetic field generating means;
A magnetizing power source for supplying a current for generating a magnetic field in which magnetic flux penetrates into the bulk superconductor into the coil;
An AC power supply for supplying a current for driving the bulk superconductor to the coil of the magnetic field generating means;
A prime mover that rotationally drives the disk on which the superconductor is disposed;
A superconducting synchronous machine comprising: a mode changeover switch for switching between a magnetic field generation mode, an alternating current supply mode, and a power generation mode.   A sensor for detecting a magnetic field strength of the bulk superconductor is provided, and control means for switching to a magnetic field generation mode for inputting a signal of the sensor and magnetizing the bulk superconductor is provided. Item 13. The superconducting synchronous machine according to any one of Items 10 to 12.   The coils form a pair with the bulk superconductor sandwiched between them, and the coils forming the pair have a cross-sectional shape of the magnetized coil in a direction perpendicular to the central axis in which the central axes of the windings coincide with each other. The superconducting synchronous machine according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the superconducting synchronous machine is matched with a cross-sectional shape of an ab axis plane of a body crystal.   15. The superconducting synchronous machine according to claim 14, wherein the number of coil pairs is an integer multiple of 3, and the number of bulk superconductors is an integer multiple of 2.

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