JP4152541B2 - Shield machine and shield method using the same - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shield machine and a shield method for constructing a shield tunnel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, when a station part of a subway is constructed by a shield construction method, there is a construction method in which two single cylindrical tunnels are constructed and the station part is constructed by a roof shield construction method or a hairpin girder construction method.
In this case, a shaft is constructed at both ends of the station (that is, a starting shaft and a reaching shaft), and two tunnels are installed in parallel between the two wells, and a total of two tunnels are constructed. In general, one shield machine is U-turned at the reaching shaft and a total of two are constructed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of constructing one shield excavator with U-turns at the reaching shaft, it is necessary to construct at least two shafts (that is, the starting shaft and the reaching shaft). As a result, it has become difficult to secure a site for constructing the reaching shaft, so there are cases where such a construction method cannot be realized in practice. As described above, when a reaching shaft cannot be built at a predetermined reaching position, a shield machine equipped with a plurality of propulsion jacks has been dismantled and buried. Therefore, when constructing two or more tunnels from the start shaft in a construction that cannot build the reach shaft, it is necessary to prepare as many shield machines as the number of tunnels to which a plurality of jacks for propulsion are attached, Similarly, when constructing a tunnel in a completely different place, it is necessary to prepare a new shield machine equipped with multiple jacks for propulsion. .
[0004]
The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in the case where two or more tunnels are to be constructed from the starting shaft in construction where the reaching shaft cannot be built, or when tunnels are constructed in completely different places, a plurality of propulsion The purpose is to be able to divert the shield machine body to which the jack is attached and to reduce the construction cost.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the shield machine of the present invention includes an outer cylinder that can be separated on the outer peripheral side of the shield machine main body to which a plurality of propulsion jacks are attached . A reverse device is provided for returning the shield machine main body into the start shaft through a rail member provided on the inner circumferential lower side of the segment ring assembled by the shield machine .
Further, a propulsion jack arranged corresponding to a portion where the reverse device is provided is attached to the outer cylinder, and other propulsion jacks are attached to the shield machine main body.
And after constructing a tunnel from the starting vertical shaft using the shield tunneling machine, the shield tunneling machine main body separated from the outer cylinder is returned to the starting vertical shaft and diverted to the construction of a new tunnel.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
An outline of the shield method using the shield machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 are views seen from above.
First, the starter shaft X is constructed, and the segment ring S is constructed sequentially while excavating the ground with the shield machine 1 in which the inner cylinder machine 2 (shield machine) and the outer cylinder machine 3 are integrated. When the construction of the preceding tunnel Y is completed (FIG. 1), the inner cylinder machine 2 is returned to the start shaft X, and a new outer cylinder machine 30 is assembled to the inner cylinder machine 2 to form a new shield machine 100. The new shield machine 100 is moved to the position where the subsequent tunnel Z is to be constructed in the start shaft X (FIGS. 2 and 3), and the subsequent tunnel Z is constructed by the new shield machine 100 (FIG. 4). ).
[0007]
Next, the shield machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the shield machine, FIG. 6 is a view from the left side of FIG. 5 (the right side is omitted because it is the same as the left side), and FIG. 7 is a connection portion between the inner cylinder machine and the outer cylinder machine. It is the figure seen from the right side.
The shield machine 1 includes an inner cylinder machine 2 as a shield machine main body and an outer cylinder machine 3 provided outside the shield machine. That is, it is comprised by the inner cylinder machine 2 and the outer cylinder machine 3 which were integrated in the substantially concentric form. The outer diameter of the inner cylinder 2 is set smaller than the inner diameter of the segment ring S by about 200 to 500 mm.
[0008]
Moreover, the shield machine 1 includes a cutter unit 4 on the tip side. This is composed of a disc-shaped main cutter portion 4a provided at the tip of the inner cylinder machine 2 and an annular sub-cutter portion 4b connected to the outer peripheral side of the main cutter portion 4a. The cutter unit 4 is rotated by a cutter driving device 5 to take earth and sand into the chamber 6. The earth and sand taken into the chamber 6 is stirred by the agitator 7 and discharged through the mud pipe 8. Further, muddy water is supplied into the chamber 6 through a mud pipe 9. Reference numeral 11 denotes an erector for assembling the tunnel segment S. Reference numeral 12 denotes a housing for holding devices constituting the inner cylinder 2 such as the erector 11, the mud pipe 8, the mud pipe 9, the agitator 7, and the cutter driving device 5. Reference numeral 5a denotes a motor of the cutter driving device 5, 7a denotes a motor of the agitator 7, and 3z denotes a tail seal.
[0009]
Further, the outer cylinder 3 includes an outer cylinder 3A such as iron, and connection ring girders 3a and 3b with the inner cylinder 2 are provided along the circumferential direction on the front and rear sides of the outer cylinder 3A. .
In addition, the housing 12 of the inner cylinder 2 is provided with connection ring girders 2a and 2b corresponding to the connection ring girders 3a and 3b of the outer cylinder 3.
[0010]
The main cutter portion 4a and the sub cutter portion 4b of the inner cylinder machine 2 are fixed by a connection jack (hydraulic jack) 13a (or a pin) and can be separated.
Also, the connection ring girders 3a and 3b of the outer cylinder 3 and the connection ring girders 2a and 2b of the inner cylinder 2 are fixed by connection jacks (hydraulic jacks) 13b and 13c (or pins) and can be separated. ing.
As described above, the inner cylinder machine 2 is fixed to the outer cylinder machine 3 by the connection jacks 13a, 13b, and 13c so as to be separable.
[0011]
Further, the shield machine 1 is provided with a plurality of propulsion jacks (hydraulic jacks) 14A and 14B, and propels them.
In the case of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the lower six propulsion jacks 14 </ b> A are attached to the connection ring girders 3 a and 3 b of the outer cylinder 3. That is, the cylinder tail portion of each propulsion jack 14A abuts and is fixed to the connection ring girder portion 3a to serve as a shield propulsion reaction force point, and the cylinder head (starting shaft X side) is circumferentially connected to the connection ring girder portion 3b. It penetrates through a plurality of holes formed at predetermined intervals and is fixedly supported. A spreader 15A is attached to the piston tip of each propulsion jack 14A, and the propulsion reaction force is applied to the segment ring S by the spreader 15A.
The other 18 propulsion jacks 14B are attached to the inner cylinder 2. That is, the cylinder tail portion of each propulsion jack 14B abuts and is fixed to the connection ring girder portion 2a to be a shield propulsion reaction force point, and the shilling head (starting shaft X side) is circumferentially connected to the connection ring girder portion 2b. It penetrates through a plurality of holes formed at predetermined intervals and is fixedly supported (not shown above).
A spreader 15B is attached to the piston tip of each propulsion jack 14B via an eccentric arm 150, and the propulsion reaction force is applied to the segment ring S from the spreader 15B. At this time, each of the propulsion jacks 14B needs to be arranged so as not to protrude from the outer diameter of the connection ring girders 2a and 2b. In this case, the axis of the propulsion jack 14B and the center of the propulsion reaction force received by the spreader 15B The eccentric amount e becomes large, and a large bending moment acts on the propulsion jack 14B in addition to the axial force caused by the propulsion reaction force, and the propulsion jack 14B may be uneconomical, or may not be designed and arranged. . Therefore, in order to be able to cope with such a case, FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 show an embodiment in which the propulsion jack 14B is arranged so as to suppress the eccentricity e to a certain limit. That is, the cylinder tail portion of the propulsion jack 14B is abutted and fixed to the connection ring girder portions 2a and 3a, while a plurality of cylinder heads (starting shaft X side) are arranged at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction on the connection ring girder portion 2b. It is fitted and fixed in the space between the drilled U-shaped hole 3m and the crescent-shaped notch 3n formed in the connection ring girder 3b at the same position as the U-shaped hole 3m (FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a right half sectional view).
After reaching the excavation arrival point, the jack 14B can be stored in the inner cylinder 2 in the following procedure.
First, all the propulsion jacks 14A, 14B other than the one propulsion jack 14B1 scheduled to be stored in the lower part are in a contracted state, the spreader 15B1 of the jack 14B1 is turned around the axis of the jack 14B1, and the jack 14B1 is moved radially inward. And the piston is contracted. Next, the piston of the jack 14B2 adjacent to the jack 14B1 is somewhat extended, and the spreader 15B2 is turned, the jack 14B2 is moved, and the piston is contracted in the same manner as the jack 14B1. Thereafter, the storage of all jacks 14B in the inner cylinder 2 is completed in the same manner. 7 shows a state in which the propulsion jack 14B is stored in the inner cylinder machine 2.
[0012]
Next, an internal cylinder reverse device for returning the internal cylinder 2 to the start shaft X will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 is a schematic view of the inner cylinder machine reverse device as viewed from the side, FIG. 9 is an outline view of the internal cylinder device as it is viewed from above, and FIG. 10 is equivalent to a diagram as viewed from the right side of FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the inner cylinder machine 2 is equipped with slide members 16 at two lower portions, and the outer cylinder machine 3 is equipped with a slide member receiver 17 correspondingly. The contact surface between the slide member 16 and the slide member receiver 17 is subjected to friction reduction processing with a material having a small friction coefficient such as a Teflon sheet. Thereby, the inner cylinder machine 2 can be separated from the outer cylinder machine 3 with a small traction force.
[0013]
A reverse guide track device 18 is installed on the inner surface of the existing segment ring S. The reverse guide track device 18 is provided with two rail members 19 and 19 corresponding to the slide member 16 at two lower portions of the existing segment ring S, and the rail members 19 and 19 are connected to each other in a plurality of ways. The members 20 are connected to each other. Each coupling means 20 is fixed to each existing segment ring S by fixing the attachment tongue piece 20a of each coupling means 20 with a bolt 22 such as a bolt box 21 provided at the joint ST of each existing segment ring S. The
[0014]
The contact surfaces of the reverse guide track device 18 (rail members 19 and 19 and a plurality of coupling means 20), the slide member 16 and the inner cylinder 2 are subjected to friction reduction processing with a material having a small friction coefficient such as a Teflon sheet. Has been. Thereby, the inner cylinder machine 2 can be moved in the direction of the start shaft X with a small traction force. The slide member 16, the slide receiving member 17, and the reverse guide track device 18 are made of a metallic material.
[0015]
The cylinder 23a side of the reverse jack (hydraulic jack) 23 is attached to one end (starting shaft X side) 16a of the slide member 16, and the reverse reaction force device 24 is attached to the tip 23t side of the piston 23b of the reverse jack 23. It has been. The reverse reaction force device 24 is fixed to the rail member 19 of the reverse guide track device 18. That is, the rail member 19 has a hole 25, and a pin 26 is inserted into the hole 25 to fix the reverse reaction device 24. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, two reverse jacks 23 are provided corresponding to one rail member 19 to ensure reverse propulsion force. The reverse jack 23 and the reverse reaction force device 24 constitute a reverse device for moving the slide member 16 in the direction of the start shaft X and returning the inner cylinder 2 into the start shaft X.
[0016]
The slide member 16 is pulled by contracting the reverse jack 23 in a state where the reverse guide track device 18 and the reverse reaction force device 24 are fixed, and the inner cylinder machine 2 moves to the start shaft X side. The inner cylinder 2 moves like a scale insect by the reverse reaction device 24 and the reverse jack 23. When the movement of the reverse jack 23 for the stroke is completed, the pin 26 is removed, and the reverse reaction force device 24 and the rail member 19 are released from being fixed. In this state, the piston 23b of the reverse jack 23 is extended to move the reverse reaction force device 24 toward the start shaft X, and the reverse reaction force device 24 is fixed to the rail member 19 by the pin 26 at the moved position. The inner cylinder machine 2 is returned to the start shaft X by repeating the above.
[0017]
In addition, the reverse guide track device 18 in the portion where the inner cylinder machine 2 has been moved is removed and diverted to the next moving portion. In this way, the reverse guide track device 18 that is diverted to the start shaft X is sequentially laid.
[0018]
Next, the shield method according to the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The shield tunneling machine 1 is started from the starting vertical shaft X, and the preceding tunnel Y is constructed. K is a backfill material (FIGS. 1 and 11). When a predetermined arrival point is reached, the ground around the arrival part is improved (FIG. 12). Thereafter, the spreader 15B of the propulsion jack 14B is rotated and moved inward by the above procedure, and the propulsion jack 14B is accommodated in the inner cylinder 2 (see the left side of FIGS. 13 and 7). The inner cylinder machine 2 includes a housing 12 having connection portions 2a and 2b, a main cutter portion 4a, connection jacks 13a to 13c, a propulsion jack 14B, and a slide member 16. And all the connection jacks 13a-13c are cancelled | released, and the inner cylinder machine 2 is isolate | separated from the outer cylinder machine 3. FIG. And while laying the reverse guide track apparatus 18, the reverse jack 23 and the reverse reaction force apparatus 24 are installed, and the inner cylinder machine 2 is reversely moved in the direction of the starting shaft X (FIG. 14). In the start shaft X, a new outer cylinder machine 30 is held, and a new shield machine 100 in which the new outer cylinder machine 30 is assembled to the inner cylinder machine 2 returned to the start shaft X is held. Holding means 40 is provided. The new outer cylinder 30 includes an outer cylinder 31, a sub-cutter part 32, connection ring girder parts 33a and 33b with the inner cylinder 2 and the removed and recovered lower six propulsion jacks 14A and spreaders 15A or the propulsion jacks 14A and spreaders. There are six propulsion jacks 34 and spreaders 35 instead of 15A. The holding means 40 includes a reaction force wall 41 and a moving table 42 that hold the outer cylinder 31 constituting the new outer cylinder machine 30. The inner cylinder machine 2 is moved to the position of the new outer cylinder machine 30 using the rails 32 (FIG. 15 above). The holding means 40 for holding the new shield excavator 100 in which the new outer cylinder machine 30 is assembled to the inner cylinder machine 2 is moved in the lateral direction by the moving means 50 such as a rail in the start shaft X, and the rear tunnel Z Is moved to the position for construction (FIGS. 2 to 4, 16). Then, the segment ring S is constructed from the inside of the start shaft X, and the trailing tunnel Z is constructed (FIG. 17). The outer cylinder 3 separated at the arrival point of the preceding tunnel Y cuts off the inner surface side (dotted line portion in FIG. 18) of the sub-cutter portion 4b and the connection ring girder portions 3a and 3b with the inner cylinder device 2 Cover with cast concrete J (Figure 18). That is, it is buried together with the outer cylinder 3A. The propulsion jack 14A separately collects the inner cylinder 2 from the start shaft X side after starting the reverse movement as described above.
As described above, two tunnels can be constructed from the same start shaft X by diverting the inner cylinder machine 2.
[0019]
According to the first embodiment, when two or more tunnels are constructed from a start shaft in a construction in which a reach shaft cannot be constructed, the inner cylinder machine 2 to which a plurality of propulsion jacks are attached can be used. Therefore, since it is not necessary to build a reach shaft, it is possible to cope with a problem with respect to the surrounding environment and to reduce the construction cost when constructing a plurality of tunnels.
[0020]
Moreover, in Embodiment 1, since all the jacks for propulsion are arrange | positioned along the inner periphery of 3 A of outer cylinders, transmission of a propulsive force can be performed smoothly.
In the first embodiment, a plurality of propulsion jacks are fixed to each of the inner cylinder machine 2 and the outer cylinder 3A as the shield machine main body. That is, the propulsion jack 14A disposed on the lower side of the inner cylinder machine 2 is fixed to the outer cylinder 3A. This is because the inner cylinder machine reverse device is provided on the lower side of the inner cylinder machine 2, This is because when the propulsion jack 14A is fixed to the inner cylinder 2, the propulsion jack 14A must be positioned on the inner side of the propulsion jack 14B. The propulsion jack is preferably disposed on the outer peripheral side as much as possible because the transmission of the propulsive force becomes smoother. However, when the propulsion jack 14A is positioned on the inner side of the propulsion jack 14B as described above, the transmission of the propulsive force is smooth. It may not be.
Therefore, in the first embodiment, the propulsion jack 14A is fixed to the outer cylinder 3 so that it can be arranged close to the outer peripheral side, so that the effect of smooth transmission of the propulsive force can be obtained.
[0021]
All the propulsion jacks may be fixed to the inner cylinder 2. In this case, since only the outer cylinder 3A provided with the connection ring girders 3a and 3b can be buried and all the jacks for propulsion can be returned to the start shaft X along with the backward movement of the inner cylinder machine 2, a new outer cylinder It is no longer necessary to equip the machine with a jack for propulsion, and the construction of the trailing tunnel Z can be performed more quickly and smoothly. That is, it is only necessary to manufacture a new shield machine by assembling only the outer cylinder 3A having the connection ring girders 3a and 3b to the inner cylinder machine 2 as the shield machine main body returned to the start shaft X. It is.
[0022]
In addition, according to the first embodiment, the cutter unit 4 including the main cutter unit 4a and the sub-cutter unit 4b that can be attached to and detached from the main cutter unit 4a is provided. A cutter unit including a sub cutter unit may be provided in the inner cylinder 2.
Further, the inner cylinder machine 2 may be constituted by a cylindrical structure housing, a truss structure housing, or a combination of these structures.
[0023]
Moreover, according to Embodiment 1, although the example which constructs two tunnels from one start shaft was shown, the inner cylinder machine 2 returned in the start shaft X is pulled up from the start shaft X, and a new tunnel By attaching only the outer cylinder 30 or the outer cylinder 31, it is possible to divert the work to a completely different construction.
Further, by making the outer diameter of the new sub-cutter part 32 different from the outer diameter of the sub-cutter part 4b, it can be used for construction of tunnels having different diameters.
[0024]
Furthermore, although the case of the muddy water type shield has been described in the first embodiment, the shield machine structure and shield method similar to the present invention are possible even in the case of the earth pressure type shield. In addition, in the first embodiment, the description has been given by taking the substantially circular cross-section shield as an example. However, in the case of a substantially circular cross-sectional shield such as a double circular shape, a rectangular shape, an elliptical shape, etc. as a tunnel cross-sectional shape, A shield machine structure and shield construction method are possible.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to shield machine of the present invention, is provided with the inverse proceeds device in the shield machine main body can be returned smoothly shield machine main body into the starting pit. In this case, the propulsion force can be transmitted smoothly because the propulsion jack disposed at the place where the reverse drive device is provided is fixed to the outer cylinder .
Also, using a shield machine as described above, after the construction of the tunnel from the starting pit and to return the shield machine main body is separated from the outer cylinder into the starting pit to divert the construction of new tunnel Therefore, it is not necessary to construct a reach shaft, and it is possible to cope with the problems with respect to the surrounding environment, to reduce the cost when constructing a plurality of tunnels, and to realize an economically advantageous shield method.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining an outline of a shield method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining an outline of a shield method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining an outline of a shield method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining the outline of the shield method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a shield machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of a cutter unit.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the arrangement of the connecting portion and the jack for propulsion of the inner cylinder machine and the outer cylinder machine.
FIG. 8 is a side view of the internal cylinder machine reverse device.
FIG. 9 is a top view of the internal cylinder machine reverse device.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a relationship between the reverse reaction force device and the reverse guide track device.
FIG. 11 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining in detail the shield method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining in detail the shield method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining in detail the shield method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining in detail the shield method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining in detail the shield method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining in detail the shield method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining in detail the shield method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a process explanatory diagram for explaining in detail the shield method according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 shield machine, 2 inner cylinder machine (shield machine body), 3 outer cylinder machine,
3A outer cylinder, 4 cutter part, 4a main cutter part, 4b sub cutter part,
19 Rail member, S segment ring, X start shaft, Y preceding tunnel,
Z Trailing tunnel.

Claims (3)

Provided with an outer cylinder that can be separated on the outer peripheral side of the shield machine main body to which a plurality of propulsion jacks are attached, the shield machine body on the lower side of the inner circumference of the segment ring assembled by the shield machine A shield machine provided with a reverse device for returning the shield machine main body to a start shaft through a rail member provided . 2. The propulsion jack disposed corresponding to the portion where the reverse device is provided is attached to the outer cylinder, and the other propulsion jack is attached to the shield machine main body according to claim 1 . Shield machine. After constructing a tunnel from a start shaft using the shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, the shield tunnel machine main body separated from the outer cylinder is returned to the start shaft and a new tunnel is constructed. Shield construction method characterized by being diverted to.

Images