JP4151551B2 - Thermal functional structure for automobile - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a thermal functional structure for automobiles that can achieve both a reduction in the feeling of heat and heat in a passenger compartment in summer and a reduction in the feeling of coldness in winter, and in particular, an increase in the temperature of the interior of a parked vehicle under hot weather in summer. In addition, the present invention relates to a vehicle body heat insulation system that enables reduction of hot air radiated to passengers.

  As is well known, the interior of a car placed in a hot environment is extremely hot. In the measurement example of the summer environment in Japan, the indoor air temperature reaches about 70 ° C. in the case of parking. At the same time, the interior interior material temperature rises to near 100 ° C. on the top surface of the instrument panel, and the ceiling material surface rises to near 70 ° C. It goes without saying that the passengers feel uncomfortable when riding in such a situation, but the interior material temperature does not drop easily even after the ventilation or cooling system is activated, and the radiant heat continues to be radiated to the occupant for a long time, greatly reducing the comfort. Yes.

  One of the causes of the increase in indoor temperature is the invasion of solar radiation into the room and the heat intrusion into the room from the vehicle body panel that has absorbed the solar radiation.

  The fact that the heat accumulated in the room is not easily released to the outside can also be cited as a factor that increases the room temperature.

  Furthermore, as another cause of the increase in the room temperature, the reflection of heat from the road surface heated by solar radiation is absorbed by the vehicle.

  Radiation is performed by radiating heat from the instrument panel or sheet, which is a part that is relatively hot in the room, and the part that is easily exposed to sunlight, to the low-temperature part, floor part, or indoor and outside the vehicle. It is caused by radiant heat transfer to the window glass separated by a sheet. However, since the amount of heat radiation is small compared to the heat input by the transmitted solar radiation, the temperature of the part exposed to solar radiation is likely to rise.

  Further, in winter, due to heat radiation from the room to the outside, the room is at almost the same temperature as the cold outside, and most of the interior surface layer that the body contacts when riding is cold.

  The solar radiation that has passed through the glass heats only the window glass, sheet surface layer, and door trim upper part, which are the direct contact parts, and thus has the opposite effect of further enhancing the coldness of other parts. More specifically, indoor heat partially heated by solar radiation transmitted through the window glass is easily released to a low-temperature environment outside the vehicle.

  Conventionally, a technique for performing indoor ventilation under a hot sun using a solar battery or the like has been proposed with respect to the problem of parking under such hot sun or cold (see Patent Document 1). In addition, as a measure to prevent heat from being applied to the interior materials and to reduce heat dissipation outside the vehicle in cold weather, a heat insulating layer is provided on the outer panel and / or indoor trim to reduce the intrusion of heat absorbed by the outer panel and A technique for suppressing heat release outside the vehicle has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).

  However, as in the technique described in Patent Document 1, the method of ventilation using solar cells or the like only replaces a small part of the air in the vehicle interior with the outside air, and contributes almost to alleviating discomfort. I don't get it. In particular, it does not make any sense at all to the emission of hot air from the interior materials.

In addition, as in the technology described in Patent Document 2, a method of reducing the heat input from the outer panel by providing a heat insulating layer on the outer panel and / or the indoor trim suppresses heat intrusion from the outer panel under hot weather conditions. Therefore, although the temperature rise of the indoor trim is somewhat mitigated, the light (visible light, near infrared light) that has penetrated the glass and entered the vehicle interior and its scattered light, or once absorbed by the indoor trim, etc. Since the heat transfer path that reaches the interior material by radiating (far infrared light) cannot be blocked, the effect of preventing the temperature rise of the interior material must be limited.
JP-A-9-295509 Special table 2001-500818

  The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a thermal functional structure for automobiles that can improve the indoor thermal environment as compared with the prior art in both cases of hot weather and cold.

The present invention for achieving the above object, 2 divided into a vehicle body upper portion and the lower body to the boundary of the substantially horizontal boundaries of the vehicle body to define a passenger compartment, the said body top the vehicle body upper portion Means for collecting the absorbed heat and suppressing the release of the collected heat to nearby members and indoor spaces are provided, while the heat collected at the upper part of the vehicle body is transferred to the lower part of the vehicle body A heat transfer means is provided, and a heat insulation function for suppressing heat transfer between the outside of the passenger compartment and the passenger compartment is provided at the lower part of the vehicle body where the heat collected by the means having the heat collection function is transferred. Do Ri,
The heat transfer means is
A heat dissipating part arranged on the back side opposite to the surface exposed to solar radiation;
A heat receiving portion disposed at a position away from the heat radiating portion;
A closed space where the heat radiating portion and the heat receiving portion face, and a reflective material disposed in the closed space and facing at least a part of the heat receiving portion,
By adopting a configuration that conducts radiation from the heat radiating portion to the heat receiving portion by reflection of the reflecting material,
A thermal functional structure for an automobile , characterized in that a path for radiating heat from a front surface portion exposed to solar radiation to another portion via a rear surface is secured .

According to the present invention, the vehicle body is divided into an upper part of the vehicle body that is easy to hit the sun and easily rises in temperature, and a lower part of the car body that is hard to hit the sun and is hard to rise in temperature. In other words, a heat collecting function is provided at the upper part of the vehicle body, a heat insulating function is provided at the lower part of the vehicle body, and heat transfer means for transferring the heat collected at the upper part of the vehicle body to the lower part of the vehicle body is provided . There is an effect that it is possible to provide a thermal functional structure for automobiles that can achieve both a reduction in heat and heat and a reduction in coldness in winter.

  The operation of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a thermal functional structure for an automobile according to the present invention, and is a longitudinal sectional view of a vehicle body 50 as viewed from the front.

  The thermal functional structure for automobiles according to the present invention divides a vehicle body 50 for partitioning a vehicle compartment R into a vehicle body upper part 52 and a vehicle body lower part 53 with a substantially horizontal boundary line 51 as a boundary. 52 is provided with a means 61 having a heat collecting function, and a vehicle body lower part 53 is provided with a means 62 having a heat insulating function.

  The boundary line 51 is set, for example, at a substantially central position 58a on a vertical line 58 connecting the door panel upper end 54 and the side sill lower end 55 with a vertical line 57 from the ground surface 56. Note that the boundary line 51 may be included in either the vehicle body upper part 52 or the vehicle body lower part 53. The number of boundary lines 51 may be one, but a plurality of boundaries may be set in order to define different boundaries between the side of the vehicle body and the front of the vehicle body, for example. In FIG. 1, “33” indicates an indoor trim, “34” indicates a roof, “36” indicates a side glass, “40” indicates a seat, and “40a” indicates a seat seat surface.

  The heat collecting function and the heat insulating function described in the present invention are defined as follows. That is, the heat collecting function refers to a function in which sunlight or a surface exposed to sunlight that has passed through glass absorbs light, and the absorbed heat is not released from a light receiving surface to a nearby member or indoor space. The heat insulating function refers to a function of suppressing heat transfer from the outside of the vehicle to the room.

  The effectiveness of the present invention will be described in each of the cases of hot weather and cold.

  First, referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, it will be described that the present invention is effective in the case of hot weather while comparing with the conventional examples 1 and 2. FIG. 2 is a schematic view schematically showing a heat flow under a hot sun in a vehicle to which a thermal functional structure for automobiles according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat flow under a hot sun in a vehicle of Conventional Example 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the heat flow under the hot sun in the vehicle of the second conventional example. The vehicle of Conventional Example 1 is a conventional general vehicle, and the vehicle of Conventional Example 2 is a vehicle in which a heat insulating material is installed everywhere by applying the technique described in Patent Document 2.

  Referring to FIG. 2, in the thermal functional structure for an automobile of the present invention, the temperature of the vehicle body is increased due to solar radiation that has passed through window glass such as a windshield, side glass, rear glass, etc., and heat transfer from the outer panel that has absorbed solar radiation to the room. The heat of the upper part is collected by the heat collecting function applied to the upper part of the vehicle body and transferred to the lower part of the vehicle body. As a result, the heat absorbed by the upper part of the vehicle body is not released to nearby members or indoor spaces, and the temperature distribution in the room (upper part of the room: hot, lower part of the room: relatively low temperature) is relaxed, which is the main cause of the heat and heat. The temperature of the upper part can be lowered. At the same time, the heat insulation function imparted to the lower part of the vehicle body can suppress heat intrusion due to reflection of heat from the road surface heated by solar radiation.

  On the other hand, referring to FIG. 3, in the vehicle of Conventional Example 1, since the heat insulating function is not given to the lower part of the vehicle body, the reflection of heat from the road surface heated by solar radiation and the heat from the engine room are performed. Intrusion occurs, and in the upper part of the room, the temperature rises due to solar radiation through the window glass. As a result, the temperature distribution in the room becomes very hot at the top, which is undesirable.

  Referring to FIG. 4, in the vehicle of Conventional Example 2, since the heat insulation function is given to the lower part of the vehicle body, an effect of suppressing heat intrusion from the lower part can be expected. It is impossible to prevent the temperature of the interior of the upper part and the room air from rising. This is because it is difficult for the heat insulating layer to release the absorbed heat to the outside of the vehicle.

  Next, referring to FIGS. 5 to 7, it will be described that the present invention is effective when it is cold and compared with Conventional Examples 1 and 2. FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic view schematically showing a heat flow in a vehicle to which a thermal functional structure for automobiles according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 6 is a heat flow in a vehicle in Conventional Example 1 in a cold state. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the heat flow in the cold state in the vehicle of the second conventional example. The vehicles of the conventional examples 1 and 2 are the same as the vehicles described above.

  Referring to FIG. 5, in the thermal functional structure for automobiles of the present invention, heat input due to solar radiation transmitted through the window glass at the upper part of the vehicle body is absorbed and the heat is transferred to the lower part of the car and the outer panel. As a result, the indoor temperature distribution (upper part: slightly cold, lower part: very cold) is relaxed, and the temperature of the lower part, which is the main cause of the cold feeling, can be increased. At the same time, heat radiation to the outside of the vehicle can be suppressed by the heat insulating function applied to the lower part of the vehicle body.

  On the other hand, referring to FIG. 6, in the vehicle of Conventional Example 1, heat input due to sunlight transmitted through the window glass at the upper part of the vehicle body immediately escapes to the outside and does not contribute to an increase in room temperature. Also, heat is easily radiated from the lower part of the vehicle body. This makes the room very cold and undesired.

  Referring to FIG. 7, in the vehicle of Conventional Example 2, since the heat insulating function is given to the upper part of the vehicle body and the lower part of the vehicle body, the heat leaks from the interior to the outer panel due to the temperature difference from the outside of the vehicle. A decrease in the indoor temperature can be suppressed in both the upper and lower parts of the vehicle. However, heat input due to solar radiation through the window glass at the upper part of the vehicle body cannot be effectively used, and an increase in indoor temperature due to heat transfer to the lower part of the vehicle body cannot be expected. That is, the temperature difference tends to be large at the upper and lower portions of the room. Such a large temperature difference causes an extra cold feeling, which is an undesirable state.

  As described above, the present invention can provide a thermal functional structure for an automobile that can realize an unacceptable and acceptable vehicle interior environment without consuming special energy in both cases of hot weather and cold.

  Hereinafter, elements and functions constituting the present invention will be described.

  In the upper part and the lower part of the vehicle body in the present invention, a temperature difference of about 10 ° C. to 40 ° C. is generated under the hot sun and cold. As shown in FIG. 1, the boundary between the upper part and the lower part has a substantially central position 58 a in a vertical line 58 connecting the door panel upper end 54 and the side sill lower end 55 with a vertical line 57 from the ground surface 56. It is preferable to divide the vehicle body 50 into a vehicle body upper part 52 and a vehicle body lower part 53 by a boundary line 51 set at a substantially central position 58a. The boundary line 51 is a length ratio in the upward direction from the side sill lower end 55 with respect to the total length of the vertical line 58 in the vertical line 58 connecting the door panel upper end 54 and the side sill lower end 55 with a vertical line 57 from the ground surface 56. It is preferable to set the position 58b between 20% and 60%.

  In order to provide a thermal functional structure for automobiles that can improve the indoor thermal environment in the case of both hot weather and cold, the present invention provides a vehicle body 50 for partitioning the vehicle compartment R with a substantially horizontal boundary. The vehicle body upper part 52 and the vehicle body lower part 53 are divided into two parts with the line 51 as a boundary. The vehicle body upper part 52 is provided with means 61 having a heat collecting function, while the vehicle body lower part 53 is provided with means 62 having a heat insulation function. A thermal functional structure for automobiles was obtained.

  Conventionally, regarding the rise in the vehicle interior space temperature when left under the sun, the outer panel surrounding the interior space is heated by solar radiation, etc., leading to a rise in the temperature of the vehicle interior air due to heat conduction, radiation, convection heat transfer, etc. It becomes. The inventors paid attention to the temperature behavior of the outer panel in this mechanism. That is, when assumed to be left under hot weather, the temperature rises remarkably, and the time zone where the maximum temperature is exhibited is around 10:00 am to 2:00 pm, and the outer panel acts as the heat input part during that time zone. It was found that the part was a part that was exposed to direct sunlight, and that the other part of the lower body had a low temperature and did not act as a heat input part. Therefore, according to the present invention, the vehicle body 50 is divided into two parts, the vehicle body upper part 52 and the vehicle body lower part 53, with the boundary line 51 as a boundary. Is intended.

  Another factor in increasing the indoor temperature is a path in which light energy transmitted through the window glass is absorbed by the interior material and released into the room as heat energy. Examples of the target part as this phenomenon include an interior trim such as a door trim, a cushion of the seat 40, and the like, in addition to the instrument panel surface and the rear parcel shelf. Among these, there is a cushion of the seat seating surface 40a as a part having a great influence on the rise in room temperature. The position of the seat seat surface 40a varies depending on the shape and form of the vehicle. Automobiles can be classified into sedan, coupe, 1BOX, and other vehicle types based on their vehicle shape. In each vehicle type, the seat seating surface 40a is connected to the door panel upper end 54 and the side sill lower end 55 by a vertical line 57 from the ground surface 56. In the vertical line 58, it exists in the position 58b of 20 to 60% by a length ratio from the side sill lower end 55 with respect to the full length of the said vertical line 58 (refer FIG. 1). The present inventors have found that when the boundary line 51 is set at this position 58b and the vehicle body 50 is divided into the vehicle body upper portion 52 and the vehicle body lower portion 53, the indoor temperature distribution and the heat flow in the entire vehicle are greatly different. . This is considered to be due to the fact that the solar radiation directly hits the outside of the vehicle and heats into the room, and that the part that becomes the heat source in the room serves as a boundary to form the indoor temperature distribution and heat flow. Therefore, the vehicle interior temperature can be reduced by dividing the vehicle into two parts, the vehicle body upper part 52 and the lower part 53 based on the boundary line 51, and providing separate thermal function means at the respective parts. In the present invention, means 61 having a heat collecting function is provided in the upper part 52 of the vehicle body, and means 62 having a heat insulating function is provided in the lower part 53 of the vehicle body, so that the thermal environment of the vehicle compartment R left in the hot and cold conditions can be reduced. Can be improved.

The means 61 having a heat collecting function provided in the upper part 52 of the vehicle body of the present invention is preferably configured using any of the following methods. In other words,
(1) Makes it easy to absorb solar radiation on the surface layer of solar radiation, and makes it difficult to release the heat applied to the surface layer by absorbing solar radiation.
(2) Ensure a route for radiating heat from the surface part exposed to sunlight to other parts via the back surface, or
(3) A means for promoting heat transfer from the surface layer to the inside of a portion exposed to solar radiation is provided.

  Hereinafter, these methods will be further described.

  The means having the heat collecting function, which is configured by using the method (1), can take the following configuration, for example.

  As shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C, the means having a heat collecting function in this case is such that the surface layer of the part exposed to solar radiation is formed in order from the surface side, a light transmission layer, a space holding layer, and a low brightness layer (light The layer that absorbs heat and generates heat) is laminated on the base material, making it easy to absorb solar radiation on the surface layer of the part exposed to solar radiation and making it difficult to release heat applied to the surface layer by solar radiation absorption be able to. With this configuration, the following effects can be obtained. First, the outermost surface is allowed to pass through without reflecting sunlight, thereby preventing a direct temperature rise of the outermost skin. The light transmitted through the outermost skin is then absorbed by the low brightness layer laminated under the outermost skin and generates heat. In this case, if the low-lightness layer that generates heat easily transfers heat to the outermost skin, an indirect temperature rise is caused.To alleviate this, a space is provided between the outermost layer and the low-lightness layer that generates heat. It can be set as the structure which hold | maintains and provides a heat insulation and a heat retention function.

  Specifically, the configuration in which the light transmission layer, the space holding layer, and the low-lightness layer are laminated on the base material, as shown in FIG. The structure formed by forming the space holding layer 2 and the light transmission layer 1, and as shown in FIG. 8B, the space holding layer 2 and the light transmission layer 1 are formed on the low-brightness substrate 5. As shown in FIG. 8C, a configuration in which the low-lightness space holding layer 6 and the light transmission layer 1 are formed on the substrate 4 can be adopted.

  Details of these configurations will be described.

  The light transmitting layer 1 that is the outermost layer needs to be transparent to visible light and near infrared light that are the main components of sunlight. Specifically, the light transmittance is 30% or more and 98% or less. The presence or absence of pigments and additives is not an essential difference, but the light transmittance is an essential factor. That is, if the amount of light transmitted through the conventional epidermis is completely 0%, if it is 20% for the first time, it is generally transparent visually and can be said to be within the scope of the present invention. However, considering this in terms of heat, when the light transmittance is less than 30%, most of the incident light becomes heat on the surface and the effect of the present invention is greatly reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, 30% or more. Is preferred. On the other hand, if the light transmittance exceeds 98%, there is no thermal problem, but if the sheet thickness is secured in order to obtain practical strength and durability, the transparency exceeding 98% is obtained by absorption of the resin. It is difficult. It should be noted that additives such as ultraviolet absorbers and light stabilizers can be used freely as in the case of the outermost layer of conventional materials.

  In addition, the concept used as light transmittance or transmittance in the present invention is measured by the method described in the test method for solar radiation acquisition rate of transmittance, reflectance, and emissivity of plate glass defined in JIS R 3106 1998. The value calculated by multiplying the spectroscopically measured light transmittance by the weight coefficient given in Appendix Table 2 in the same JIS in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 2500 nm.

  The light transmitting layer 1 also requires strength, flexibility, weather resistance and the like, which are necessary properties as a skin material. Examples of the resin having such characteristics and suitable for the present invention include a soft polyvinyl chloride resin. Soft polyvinyl chloride resin is widely used in current automotive interior materials, and can be said to be an industrially easy-to-use material in terms of both characteristics and price. In addition, a thermoplastic olefin (TPO) resin that has recently begun to be used as a substitute for a soft polyvinyl chloride resin is also suitable for the same reason. Polyurethane resin is also excellent in flexibility and durability, and is a material that is often used as an automobile skin material, and is suitable for the present invention. However, this does not prevent application of a resin having transparency other than those listed here, and can be used as appropriate either alone or by copolymerization or mixing with the above-described resins.

  The space holding layer 2 will be described. Desirable thickness exists in the range of 0.5 mm or more and 20 mm or less. Furthermore, the light transmittance is desirably in the range of 5% to 95%.

  The space holding layer 2 preferably has a thickness of 0.5 mm or more. In the case of 0.5 mm or less, since the air layer as the heat insulating layer is too thin, the amount of heat held is small, causing heat transfer close to contact heat transfer, leading to an early rise in surface temperature. On the other hand, the upper limit of the thickness is preferably 20 mm or less. Certainly, it is better to have a thermal thickness, but if it is 20 mm or more, the degree of dimensional freedom of the parts will be hindered and it will be substantially difficult to use as a skin.

  The light transmittance of the space holding layer 2 should theoretically be higher, but the substantial upper limit when using a fibrous body suitably used in the present invention described later is about 95%. If the transmittance exceeding the upper limit is to be secured, it is difficult to secure a space thickness of 0.5 mm or more desirable as a heat insulating layer. However, this does not preclude the use of a material with an extremely high aperture ratio, such as a thin-walled honeycomb body. On the other hand, from the viewpoint that the light beam is thermally converted at a position as far as possible from the outermost layer, particularly when the space holding layer 2 is designed to be thick to some extent, the effect of the invention is exhibited even if light does not necessarily pass through the back surface of the space holding layer 2. To do. For example, a configuration in which light is absorbed and converted into heat in the vicinity of the lowermost layer of the space holding layer 2 can be employed. However, it is desirable that the space retaining layer 2 has a light transmittance of 5% or more as a configuration that exhibits the effects of the present invention while the thickness of the skin is limited to some extent.

  As a material for the space retaining layer 2, a urethane foam material conventionally used for a cushion layer of an interior is not suitable from the viewpoint of light transmission because it has a closed cell structure, and a three-dimensional network structure capable of transmitting light. And fiber bodies are preferred. As the fibrous body, a woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric is used. However, in consideration of the above-mentioned requirements, a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric using fibers thicker than ordinary clothing fibers is preferable so that the thickness can be secured with a small number of fibers. Used. In particular, a three-dimensional fabric that has been put on the market in recent years as a breathable cushion body is well suited to the gist of the present invention and is preferably used. The three-dimensional fabric includes, for example, a nylon three-dimensional knitted fabric marketed by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd. and a trade name: Fusion-1 series, and can be selected according to requirements such as thickness, cushioning properties, light transmittance, and color tone. However, this does not limit the type of the fibrous body to a three-dimensional knitted fabric, and it goes without saying that in principle it can also be realized with a non-woven fabric, a normal tricot fabric or a Russell fabric.

  The low brightness layer 3 will be described. It is desirable that the low lightness layer 3 or the low lightness substrate 5 has a Munsell lightness of 6.0 or less. This takes into account window reflection.

  The color tone described here is, for example, Munsell lightness obtained from x, y, and Y values obtained by a colorimetry method defined in JIS Z 8722 (object color measurement method using a 2-degree visual field).

  The function in the thermal sense of the low-lightness layer 3 or the low-lightness base material 5 is the absorption of sunlight and the heat generation associated therewith, and also has the meaning of preventing windowing as mentioned in the requirements for the space holding layer 2 described above. From the requirements on the left, it is better that the brightness is low, the lower limit is 0 for black, and the upper limit is about 6.0 as described above. However, for example, when the light transmittance of the space retention layer is lowered and designed with low brightness, the color tone of the low brightness space retention layer 6 or less becomes inconspicuous. For this reason, a low lightness layer can be abbreviate | omitted or the lightness of 6.0 or more can be used for a base material.

  The material used for the low brightness layer 3 is not particularly limited in the present invention. For example, when the embodiment of the present invention is a three-layer laminated sheet, it is desirable to use a flexible sheet for the low-lightness layer, and use a resin film, woven fabric, or non-woven fabric colored with low lightness. be able to. Alternatively, the light transmission layer and the space holding layer can be supplied as a sheet, and the low brightness layer can also be used as the skeleton base material for the interior material. In that case, for example, a fiber reinforced resin colored with a low brightness color as a raw material can be a material of the heat generating layer. Alternatively, for example, when a metal such as aluminum or steel is used, a process of adhering the light transmission layer and the space holding layer after coloring the surface of the skeleton base material with low brightness can be performed.

  The means 61 having the heat collecting function, which is configured by using the method (1), can also have the following configuration.

  The means 61 having a heat collecting function is configured such that the laminated structure constituting the surface layer of the part exposed to solar radiation has a structure in which an opposing reflecting surface is laid on at least one layer receiving the solar radiation, so that the surface layer of the part exposed to solar radiation is irradiated with solar radiation. It can be easily absorbed, and the heat applied to the surface layer by solar radiation absorption can be made difficult to release. By using a light-absorbing skin material as the interior material and having a reflective surface facing each other, the incident light is guided to the back surface of the skin material, so that it is not reflected again on the surface, and the surface temperature is lowered. Can be secured.

  Details of this configuration will be described.

  The term “laminated structure” as used herein refers to a structure composed of several materials when the cross section of the skin is viewed. In general, in order to give cushioning properties, a urethane layer or the like may be laminated under the skin layer, and different materials may be laminated in this way.

  Next, the example of the reflective surface which faces is shown in a figure. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the reflecting surfaces facing each other. Reference numeral “7” indicates an absorption skin material, and reference numeral “8” indicates a reflecting surface. The “facing reflecting surface 8” here refers to a reflecting surface laid on the surface of the light-absorbing skin material 7 that is exposed to solar radiation, and “facing” means that the reflecting surface 8 is on each surface. Say that it has an opposing surface. Due to the facing surfaces, the light is multiple-reflected and guided to the back side of the skin material.

  As a result, the light that has once entered the room is guided to the back side far from the light source direction, so that the surface of the interior material for which the countermeasure has been taken is not warmed. In addition, since the surface is made of a highly reflective material, thermal radiation from the surface is also reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the reflective surface 8 facing each other does not necessarily have to have one side (either the reflective surface or the opposing surface) facing the vertical direction, and the opening angle with the surface 8 facing the reflective surface 8. As long as it is maintained, it may face in any direction.

  As a material for forming the shape of the reflecting surface 8 facing each other, a general metal material, resin material, or the like can be used. Among them, it is preferable to use a thermoplastic resin that is a resin material in view of moldability, economy, recyclability, and the like.

  Resins used in the constitution of these inventions are mainly thermoplastic resins such as styrene, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, polycarbonate, polybutadiene, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, tetramethylene glycol ether thermoplastic polyurethane, nylon 66, and the like. Aliphatic polyamides, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone, polypropylene, etc. These are used from the viewpoint of processability, economy, market availability, recyclability, etc. Although it is preferable, no particular limitation is made here. Of course, an ultraviolet absorber for improving the weather resistance of these resins, various pigments, and the like may be mixed.

  The “reflecting surface 8” referred to here is generally made of a material having a metallic surface, for example, an aluminum foil, an aluminum vapor deposition film, a metal thin film, or the like that is widely used. Optically, a solar reflectance (Re) of 90% or more is desirable.

  In general, when these materials are used on the surface, the appearance is metallic due to the metallic luster and not only is not suitable for use as an interior material, but the reflected light is dazzling and cannot be used properly. On the other hand, by applying the shape of the reflecting surface 8 facing each other as in the present invention, the light is absorbed, so that the color is black, there is no dazzling, and the design is ensured. It becomes possible.

  The means 61 having the heat collecting function, which is configured by using the method (2), can take the following configuration, for example.

  In this case, the means 61 having a heat collecting function is such that a part such as an interior part of the vehicle body upper part 52 including the surface exposed to solar radiation is made of resin or a composite material containing resin, and has high heat conductivity on the back surface opposite to the surface exposed to solar radiation. It has a shell that is joined to the body, and a part of the high thermal conductor is joined to the body panel, a metal part fastened to the body panel or the lower part of the body, so that it passes through the back surface from the surface area exposed to sunlight. Thus, it is possible to secure a route for radiating heat to other parts. A part of the high heat conductor is joined to a separate heat conductor, and a part of the separate heat conductor is joined to a body part or a metal part fastened to the body panel or a lower part of the body. Also good.

  As a result, the interior part of the vehicle body upper part 52 that is an entrance of heat to which direct light is incident and the interior part of the vehicle body panel or the vehicle body lower part 53 that is the final heat radiation part are thermally connected. The solar radiation absorbed by the interior part surface layer of the upper body 52 is efficiently transmitted as thermal energy to the interior panel or the interior part of the lower body 53. That is, since the heat dissipation capability is improved, the temperature rise of the interior parts of the vehicle body upper part 52 is effectively suppressed. In addition, heat transfer from the upper part to the lower part, which is warmed by sunlight transmitted light, is carried out efficiently even in cold weather, and the lower part that receives heat is highly heat-insulating, so that the room can be warmed without being easily dissipated outside the vehicle. Can be used.

  Details of this configuration will be described.

  The vehicle interior part according to this configuration is a part made of resin or a composite material containing resin. The composite material is composed of, for example, a composite material in which a fiber material such as a wood material or felt is hardened with a resin, or a laminated material having a synthetic leather or a fabric as a skin. For example, vehicle interior parts are instrument panels, door trims, rear parcel shelves, and pillar garnishes.

  FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are schematic cross-sections for explaining a means having a heat collecting function that secures a path for radiating heat from the front surface portion exposed to solar radiation to other parts via the back surface, taking an instrument panel as an example. FIG.

  The instrument panel has an instrument panel part outline 11 (corresponding to the outline) to which the first thermal conductor 9 (corresponding to the high thermal conductor) is joined. A steering member 12, an electrical component 13, and an air conditioner unit 14 are disposed inside the outer shell 11. Reference numeral “15” denotes a windshield.

  The first heat conductor 9 is laminated (bonded) in close contact with the back surface of the top plate 11a of the outer shell 11, that is, inside the component. Further, a part of the first heat conductor 9 is joined to the dash panel 16 (corresponding to the vehicle body panel) by fastening means 10 made of, for example, bolts and nuts. The first heat conductor 9 can also be disposed inside the outer shell 11 in a form directly under the skin of the top plate 11a or by casting.

  The first heat conductor 9 is preferably in the form of a sheet so as to be laminated on the outer shell 11 and form a continuous heat transfer path. The sheet-like first heat conductor 9 is advantageous in that it constitutes a highly rigid constraining layer and suppresses thermal expansion of components. However, the first heat conductor 9 does not need to cover the entire surface of the outer shell 11, and it is effective to install the first heat conductor 9 only on the top plate 11a that is easily exposed to sunlight.

  Furthermore, since the heat transfer capability of the first heat conductor 9 is very large, a shape having a hole or a net shape can be applied, and the amount of material used can be reduced while ensuring a predetermined heat dissipation performance. And weight reduction. In other words, the shape of the first heat conductor 9 corresponds to the mounting layout of the interior component shape, the electrical component, and the like. For example, for the portion requiring rigidity, the sheet-like shape is partially applied, or the sheet-like shape and the net A variety of forms can be applied, such as compound application with shapes.

  The instrument panel is, for example, a resin molded body having a skin that imparts a design and a tactile sensation and a base material for shape retention, and its thermal characteristics are generally heat insulators. Therefore, for example, most of the solar radiation energy that reaches the epidermis through the windshield 15 is released into the vehicle interior by heat convection and radiation from the epidermis surface, and the remainder flows into the interior of the part by heat conduction. Therefore, it is hardly released outside the vehicle.

  For example, the thermal conductivity of a thermoplastic resin containing a filler such as talc applied to the substrate is generally 0.5 W / m / K or less, and the heat of urethane foam applied to the cushion layer of the skin The conductivity is about 0.03 W / m / K. However, the first heat conductor 9 is a metal, heat conductive ceramics, carbon fiber, graphite, or a resin composite containing them as a filler, and the heat conductivity thereof is, for example, 10 W / m / K or more. It is.

  As described above, the instrument panel (interior part) that is the entrance of heat to which the direct light is incident and the dash panel (vehicle body panel) 16 that is the final heat dissipation part are thermally transmitted by the first heat conductor 9. Conducted. Therefore, the solar radiation energy absorbed by the instrument panel is efficiently transmitted to the entire vehicle body including the vehicle body panel and structure, and is released into the atmosphere.

  That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, since the heat dissipation capability is improved, the temperature rise of the instrument panel is effectively suppressed. Therefore, discomfort due to heat radiation from the instrument panel to the indoor space can be greatly reduced and the comfort of the passengers can be improved in a hot summer environment.

  In addition, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the fastening means 10 may be provided at two locations of the dash panel 16 and the steering member 12.

  The means 61 having the heat collecting function is provided in at least one of the instrument panel, the rear parcel shelf, the roof, the pillar, and the window glass included in the vehicle body upper part 52 as described in the above description. It is desirable. Means 61 having the heat collecting function configured by using the method of (3) above, that is, a means for providing heat collecting means for promoting heat transfer from the surface layer to the inside of the part exposed to solar radiation that has passed through the window glass. The means having a thermal function is particularly preferably provided in the instrument panel and the rear parcel shelf. This is because these sites are particularly susceptible to solar radiation that has passed through the glass.

  As a cause of the temperature rise in the passenger compartment due to solar radiation, there is not only heat penetration due to solar radiation that penetrates the glass but also indirect heat penetration. Indirect heat intrusion is heat transfer from the outer panel of the vehicle body upper part 52 to the indoor trim. Since this heat intrusion has a non-negligible effect on the rise in room temperature under hot weather, some countermeasure is required. On the other hand, since the outside air temperature is low in cold weather, it is dissipated to the outside world and cannot be used to warm the room. In the present invention, in order to suppress such heat intrusion, it is required to adopt a method for preventing heat transfer from the panel to the indoor trim.

  Therefore, the means 61 having the heat collecting function is provided on the outer panel of the upper body 52 by means for preventing heat transfer from the rear surface of the outer panel to the opposite indoor trim by heat conduction to the outer panel of the lower body 53. It is desirable to promote heat. Specifically, the means 61 having a heat collecting function is such that, on the outer panel of the vehicle body upper part 52, a reflective film is pasted on the rear surface of the outer panel exposed to sunlight, or a heat insulating material and a reflective film are pasted on the rear surface in this order. Thus, it is desirable to reduce the emissivity and promote heat collection by heat conduction to the outer panel of the lower body 53.

  The heat of the outer panel of the upper part 52 of the vehicle body that has risen in temperature due to solar radiation can be transmitted to the outer panel of the lower part 53 of the vehicle body that is continuous with the interior panel and the opposing interior panel, except for the heat released to the outside. By using this method, heat conduction to the outer panel of the vehicle body lower portion 53 is promoted.

  FIGS. 12A and 12B are cross-sectional views schematically showing an embodiment of the means 61 having a heat collecting function provided on the outer panel 17 of the vehicle body upper part 52, and transmission from the outer panel 17 to the indoor trim 18. An example of a technique for preventing heat is shown. Desirable as a technique for preventing heat transfer from the outer panel 17 to the indoor trim 18 is a technique of attaching a reflective film 19 to the back surface of the outer panel 17 exposed to solar radiation to reduce the emissivity (FIG. 12A), or In this method, the heat insulating material 20 and the reflective film 19 are pasted in this order on the back surface of the outer panel 17 exposed to solar radiation (FIG. 12B). Most of the heat transfer from the outer panel 17 to the indoor trim 18 is due to radiation, and the amount of radiant heat transfer is proportional to the emissivity and proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature of the opposing surfaces.

  Therefore, the amount of heat transfer to the indoor trim 18 can be reduced by reducing the emissivity of the back surface of the outer panel 17. As a method for reducing the emissivity, a reflective film 19 having a low emissivity can be used. As the reflection film 19, a widely used film such as an aluminum foil, an aluminum vapor deposition film, a metal thin film, or the like can be used.

  More desirably, a heat insulating material 20 can be used between the rear surface of the outer panel 17 and the reflective film 19 in order to lower the temperature of the surface facing the rear surface of the indoor trim 18. The heat insulating material 20 has an effect of preventing heat transfer from the outer panel 17 to the reflective film 19. As the heat insulating material 20, known materials such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, and a foamed material can be used.

  The vehicle body lower portion 53 is provided with a heat insulating function, and the means 62 having the heat insulating function is preferably made of a heat insulating material and / or a high reflectance material.

  The heat insulating material may be generally employed in the vehicle and construction fields, and for example, a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a foam, asphalt, or the like can be used.

  As the high reflectivity material, a resin film and / or a metal film in which a metal thin film is formed on the surface by vapor deposition, sputtering, or plating of a metal can be used.

  The high reflectivity material has a low absorption factor of solar radiation and radiation. In the present invention, a highly reflective material is used such that a sheet-shaped material is attached to or integrated with a surface that receives solar radiation and radiation. Although the high reflectivity material itself does not have a special heat insulating function, it exhibits a heat insulating function by suppressing radiant heat transfer.

  Of course, the high reflectivity material and the heat insulating material can be used in combination, and a usage method corresponding to the form of the vehicle, the target portion, and the cost can be applied.

  The means 62 having a heat insulating function is desirably provided on at least a part of a door and / or a floor included in the lower part 53 of the vehicle body. Since these parts are parts that receive heat radiation from the ground under hot weather, they are suitable parts for imparting a heat insulating function. In the case of a door, a means having a heat insulating function is provided on the back surface of the outer panel, the inner panel, and the door trim. In the case of a floor, a means having a heat insulating function is provided between the carpet and the floor panel and below the floor panel (on the outside of the vehicle).

  So far, the heat collecting function of the upper body 52 and the heat insulating function of the lower body 52 have been described. By fusing both functions, the temperature environment in the passenger compartment can be further improved. For this purpose, it is desirable to further provide a heat transfer means for transferring the heat collected by the upper body 52 to the lower body 53.

The heat transfer means
(1) Heat transfer path using high thermal conductivity material,
(2) Heat transfer path using highly reflective material,
(3) Heat pipe,
It is preferably composed of at least one of the group consisting of:

  Hereinafter, these methods will be further described.

  As a heat transfer means for transferring heat from the vehicle body upper part 52 to the vehicle body lower part 53, the heat transfer path using the high thermal conductivity material of the above (1) is carried out through the same material as the first heat conductor 9 described above. What is necessary is just to connect the upper part 52 and the vehicle body lower part 53. FIG.

  As a heat transfer means for transferring heat from the vehicle body upper part 52 to the vehicle body lower part 53, the heat transfer path using the high reflectivity material of the above (2) can take the following configuration, for example.

  In this case, the heat transfer means includes a heat dissipating part disposed on the back surface opposite to the surface exposed to solar radiation, a heat receiving part disposed at a position away from the heat dissipating part, and a closed space where the heat dissipating part and the heat receiving part face. And a reflecting material disposed in the closed space and facing at least a part of the heat receiving portion. And by setting it as the structure which conducts the radiation | emission from a thermal radiation part to a heat receiving part by reflection of a reflecting material, the path | route which thermally radiates from the surface part which receives sunlight to another site | part via a back surface can be ensured.

  The heat transfer from the upper part to the lower part of the vehicle is the heat transfer and heat transfer in the air in the indoor space, the heat transfer between adjacent members, the heat transfer and the heat transferred in the air between the interior part and the outer panel in the room There is conduction, radiation through the space. Here, what is used as the heat transfer means from the upper part to the lower part is to actively utilize the radiation of the space between the interior part and the outer panel described last. A closed space for heat transfer is formed in a space between a member (high temperature side) surface of the upper body 52 and a surface where heat is to be finally transferred. This closed space is formed by being separated by a reflecting material. The reflective material reflects the radiation from the heat dissipation site. Since it is a closed space formed of a reflecting material, reflection continuously occurs and finally reaches the heat receiving surface and is absorbed. In this case, the reflecting material needs to be present on at least a part of the surface that can transfer heat to the heat receiving surface by reflection. This heat transfer method has an advantage that a sufficient heat transfer speed can be ensured even in a direction in which heat transfer is unlikely to occur, such as heat transfer from the upper part to the lower part.

  Hereinafter, this configuration will be described by taking heat transfer from the instrument panel to other parts as an example.

  FIGS. 13A to 13D are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the configuration of the heat transfer means for transferring heat from the vehicle body upper part 52 to the vehicle body lower part 53, taking an instrument panel of an automobile interior material as an example. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 13 (A), the interior heat dissipation structure of this configuration has an internal structure of an instrument panel 26, which is an interior material for automobiles. In a closed space in which the heat receiving part 22 is installed and the peripheral part is composed of the reflective material 23, the heat receiving part is installed on the dash panel 25 by the reflection of the peripheral part from the back of the instrument panel 26 to the inside of the instrument panel 26. 22 is conducting heat.

  In general, the temperature rise inside the interior is caused by heat radiation from the back side to the inside after the interior surface is heated, and the temperature rises because components inside the interior absorb the radiation component. Further, the rise in the passenger compartment temperature is caused by the release of heat from various parts to the indoor air, and the instrument panel is a representative part. Therefore, exhausting the warm air inside the interior and the vehicle interior is not a fundamental solution, and means for releasing the heat accumulated in the interior material as a heat source to the outside of the vehicle interior is required. As a feature of the present invention, the heat dissipating portion 21 is provided on the upper back surface of the most heated instrument panel 26, the dash panel 25 having a relatively low temperature and in contact with the outside of the passenger compartment is provided as the heat receiving portion 22, and each is provided as a black body. The peripheral part is a closed space made of a reflective material, and the radiation from the back of the instrument panel 26 to the inside of the instrument panel 26 is conducted to the heat receiving part 22 installed in the dash panel 25 by reflection of the peripheral part. Usually, the interior part 24 of the instrument panel 26 is made of a black material that easily absorbs radiant heat, and is liable to cause an increase in heat due to radiation. By separating them with a reflective material, heat absorption is prevented, and heat rays emitted from the heat radiating portion are radiated to the heat receiving portion 22 by the multiple reflection layers at the peripheral portion, and are provided on the dash panel 25. Then, it is discharged outside the vehicle through the heat receiving portion 22. Conventionally, heat is transferred to the interior of the interior, and the interior internal temperature rises. As a result, the interior material itself eventually stores heat, and heat is re-released from the interior surface to the vehicle interior. However, according to the present invention, the heat energy of the interior material is positively released to the outside of the vehicle, so that it is possible to reduce the heat release into the vehicle interior.

  In this configuration, the heat dissipating part 21 is installed on the back surface of the instrument panel 26, and in the instrument panel internal structure in which the heat receiving part 22 is installed on the dash panel 25, a closed space structure including the heat dissipating part 21 and the heat receiving part 22 is formed. In addition, the surfaces of all surfaces except the heat radiating portion 21 and the heat receiving portion 22 are formed of the reflective material 23. As shown in FIG. 13 (A), the back surface of the instrument panel 26 and the entire surface of the dash panel 25 are composed of a black body, which are respectively a heat radiating portion 21 and a heat receiving portion 22, and all other peripheral portions are covered with a reflective material 23. It is what. When trying to secure the reflective surface and the heat radiation / heat receiving part to the maximum, air conditioning ducts may be installed in the closed space that constitutes them, but in that case, the outer surface of the duct is covered with a reflective material. It is possible to have an equivalent function.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 13B, the heat radiation part 21 is installed on a part of the back surface of the instrument panel 26, the heat receiving part 22 is installed on a part of the dash panel 25, and all other peripheral parts are reflected. It is possible to realize this configuration by covering with the material 23. As shown in FIG. 13C, resin plates 27a and 27b are installed so as to connect the heat dissipating part 21 installed on a part of the back surface of the instrument panel 26 and the heat receiving part 22 installed on the dash panel 25. It is also possible to realize this configuration by covering the surfaces of the resin plates 27 a and 27 b with the reflective material 23. Further, as shown in FIG. 13 (D), a resin plate 27a is installed in such a manner as to connect the heat radiation portion 21 and the heat receiving portion 22 installed on the back surface of the instrument panel 26 and the dash panel 25, and the surface of the resin plate 27a is reflected. It is also possible to realize this configuration by covering with the material 23.

  Generally, it is preferable that the heat radiating part 21 and the heat receiving part 22 face each other, and it is particularly preferable that the shape factor between the faces is 0.1 or more. In general, the thermal radiation phenomenon has the largest effect between the planes facing each other, and reflection is used in the present invention, but in order to obtain a greater effect, it is preferably within the range of the above form factor. There is no particular limitation here.

  This configuration is characterized in that the surface of the surface connecting the heat radiating part 21 installed on the back surface of the instrument panel 26 and the heat receiving part 22 installed on the dash panel 25 is always composed of the reflective material 23. In order to transmit heat radiation from the heat radiating unit 21 to the heat receiving unit 22 more efficiently, it is more effective that the temperature difference is larger. Therefore, since the surface connecting the heat radiating part 21 and the heat receiving part 22 is constituted by the reflective material 23, heat absorption does not occur in that part, so that a larger temperature difference can be obtained, and the effect of the present invention is further exhibited. The Rukoto.

  As the heat transfer means for transferring heat from the upper part of the vehicle body to the lower part of the vehicle body, the heat pipe (HP) of (3) can be used, and the heat pipe used as the heat transfer means is preferably a capillary pump loop.

  A heat pipe is a heat transport device in which a small amount of liquid called working fluid is deaerated and sealed in a metal tube, and has a thermal conductivity several hundred times higher than that of metal such as copper. The operating principle is that when the inside of the heat pipe reaches a saturated vapor pressure in the range from the solidification temperature of the working fluid to the critical temperature and a temperature difference occurs in the pipe, the working fluid evaporates in the high temperature part and condenses in the low temperature part. Utilizes the phenomenon of heat transfer. In addition, in order for this heat transfer phenomenon to occur continuously and function as a heat transport device, the working fluid is recirculated from the low temperature part to the high temperature part using gravity and capillary action.

  Although it is a heat pipe showing such excellent heat transfer capability, when the high temperature part is located above, this is called a top heat mode, and in a normal heat pipe, the return of the working fluid is delayed and the heat transport function does not operate. In the present invention, heat transfer from the upper part to the lower part, and a capillary pump loop corresponding to this is suitable.

  Capillary pump loops are provided with an evaporator and a radiator, and a pipe is connected between them to form a loop. A heat load is applied to the working liquid sucked by the capillary force of the wick to form steam, and the working fluid is circulated. Heat transport.

  The evaporator of the capillary pump loop is installed on the light receiving surface of the upper part of the vehicle body, the back surface of the instrument panel and the rear parcel shelf, and the working fluid becomes vapor by the heat of the light receiving surface. The radiator is installed on the vehicle floor or trunk room.

  The heat dissipating part that is the target of the heat transfer means for transferring heat from the vehicle body upper part 52 to the car body lower part 53 is a part corresponding to the vehicle body upper part 52 of the instrument panel, the rear parcel shelf, the ceiling, the pillar garnish, and the door. The heat receiving part is a part corresponding to the lower body 53 of the floor and / or door. The heat transfer site and the main heat transfer mode are the outer panel (heat conduction), the space between the outer panel and the indoor trim (radiation), and the indoor trim (heat conduction).

  Up to this point, the heat collection method of the vehicle body upper part 52, the heat insulation of the vehicle body lower part 53, the heat transfer method from the vehicle body upper part 52 to the vehicle body lower part 53, and the preferred application site have been described. Further, a case where the combination of these functions is particularly effective will be described.

  First, preferred embodiments of the combination include the following combinations (1), (2), and (3).

  (1) The means 61 having a heat collecting function is such that, in a vehicle interior part, the surface layer of the instrument panel and the rear parcel shelf that are exposed to sunlight, the light transmitting layer, the space holding layer, and the low-lightness layer in order from the surface side The structure is laminated on top. This makes it easy to absorb solar radiation on the surface layer and makes it difficult to release heat accumulated on the surface layer by absorbing solar radiation. At the same time, design properties can be secured.

  (2) The means 61 having a heat collecting function is configured such that the outer panel of the vehicle body upper part 52 has a heat insulating material and a reflective film attached in this order to the back surface of the outer panel exposed to sunlight. As a result, the outer panel absorbs solar radiation and prevents heat from being transferred from the back of the outer panel to the opposing indoor trim, making it difficult for heat to pass through the indoor trim to the room. Utilizing the rate, it is easy to transfer heat to various panels of the vehicle body lower portion 53. Thereby, the heat collecting function can be imparted to the vehicle body upper part 52 without impairing the design of the indoor trim.

  (3) It further has a heat transfer means for transferring the heat of the surface layers of the instrument panel and the rear parcel shelf from the back surface thereof to the vehicle body lower portion 53. The heat transfer means includes a heat radiating portion disposed on the back side opposite to the surfaces of the instrument panel and the rear parcel shelf exposed to sunlight, a heat receiving portion disposed at a position away from the heat radiating portion, and a heat radiating portion and a heat receiving portion. And a reflective material disposed in the closed space and facing at least a part of the heat receiving portion. The heat receiving part is composed of an outer panel and an interior rear surface under the vehicle body. Thereby, the radiation from the heat radiating portion can be efficiently transferred to the lower part 53 of the vehicle body.

  Instead of the above-mentioned combination, a heat pipe may be used as a heat transfer means for transferring the heat of the surface layers of the instrument panel and the rear parcel shelf from the back surface thereof to the lower part 53 of the vehicle body. This is because the amount of heat input to the part under the hot sun is enormous and a heat pipe may be necessary.

(Example)
The effect is demonstrated using the example which examined the vehicle to which this invention was applied, comparing with the conventional vehicle. Of course, the examples shown here are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

  The following test was conducted as a method for confirming the effect.

(Test method)
The vehicle evaluation methods of the examples and comparative examples are as follows.

  A climate chamber that can hold a vehicle, can maintain its interior at a constant temperature and humidity, can irradiate the exterior of the vehicle with sunlight equivalent to solar radiation, and can supply a constant wind speed from one direction. The vehicle was put in and placed in the following environment for 2 hours. This simulated the state of being left under the sun and in the cold.

(Conditions where the car is placed: under hot weather)
Temperature: 35 ° C
Humidity: 70%
Solar radiation: 1000 W / m ² (measured with a solar radiation meter on the roof), irradiation is performed from directly above the car Wind: 0.1 m / s (supplied from the front of the vehicle)
It is.

(Conditions where the car is placed: cold)
Temperature: 0 ° C
Humidity: 50%
Solar radiation: 500W / m ² (measured with a solar radiation meter on the roof), irradiation is performed from directly above the car Wind: 0.1m / s (supplied from the front of the vehicle)
It is.

  In the vehicle left under such conditions, a thermocouple was installed in advance on the position corresponding to the occupant head of the driver seat, the position equivalent to the occupant's feet, and the surface of the instrument panel, and the temperature after being left for 2 hours was measured.

  As a base vehicle used for the experiment, a 4-door sedan was used in the current vehicle.

(Example 1)
The following improvements were made using a 4-door sedan.

(1) Upper boundary of vehicle body / lower boundary of vehicle body The center of the line connecting the upper end of the door panel and the lower end of the side sill.

(2) Addition of heat collecting function to the instrument panel skin The 0.05 mm thick transparent polyvinyl chloride resin sheet (light transmittance: 89%, 60 ° specular gloss 115%) as the light transmission layer, and the space holding layer Solid knitted fabric of 5 mm thickness, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd., trade name: Fusion-I, product number: AKE69440 (light transmittance: 35%, brightness 0.2), and a black spunbond nonwoven fabric 0.25 mm thick as a low brightness layer, Toyobo Co., Ltd., product name: Heim H6501AD (brightness 0.5) and 3.0mm thick light gray hard vinyl chloride plate as a base material, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. hot melt adhesive, product name : Bond First B powder was applied between each layer, and heat-pressed under conditions of 120 ° C. and 5 minutes through a 3.5 mm thick spacer. To give the body the epidermis.

(3) Heat transfer function from the back of the instrument panel to the lower part of the vehicle body The back of the instrument panel with the skin attached is used as the heat dissipating part, and the heat receiving part is installed in the lower half of the dash panel. The rubber skin (thickness 2 mm) colored black was installed in a form to directly cover the dash panel steel plate. In addition, the emissivity of the surface of a heat radiating part and a heat receiving part in this case is 0.8. Inside the instrument panel, a polyester resin panel (thickness 25 μm, emissivity 0.05) with a polypropylene resin panel installed in the lower part of the instrument panel and a metal-deposited surface on the part other than the heat radiating part and the heat receiving part with the inside as a closed space configuration ) Covered with reflective material. At that time, the surface of the air conditioning duct existing inside the closed space was also covered with the reflective material.

(4) Aluminum deposition by Unitika Co., Ltd. using a room temperature dry rubber adhesive on the back of the roof, pillar, and door panel heat collecting function on the top of the car body, the back of the pillar, and the back of the car body upper part of the door panel A PET film (trade name: EMBLET, MP25) was attached.

(5) Giving a heat insulating function to the lower part of the door panel and the floor A non-woven fabric (trade name: Thinsulate) manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited having a thickness of 30 mm and a basis weight of 300 g / m ² was laid between the floor carpet and the door panel.

  As described above, Example 1 is a vehicle in which the upper and lower boundary of the vehicle body is (1) and each part is subjected to the constructions (2) to (5).

(Example 2)
In the first embodiment, a vehicle in which the boundary of (1) is the same except that the position of the length ratio of 20% from the lower end of the side sill to the entire length of the vertical line connecting the upper end of the door panel and the lower end of the side sill is used as the boundary line. Example 2 was adopted.

(Example 3)
In the first embodiment, a vehicle in which the boundary of (1) is the same except that the boundary line is a position having a length ratio of 60% upward from the lower end of the side sill with respect to the entire length of the vertical line connecting the upper end of the door panel and the lower end of the side sill. Example 3 was adopted.

Example 4
In Example 1, (3) the same vehicle as Example 4 except that the heat transfer function is not given from the rear surface of the instrument panel to the lower part of the vehicle body is referred to as Example 4.

(Example 5)
In Example 1, a vehicle was made similar to Example 5 except that (2) imparting a heat collecting function to the instrument panel skin was created according to the following procedure.

<Adjustment of angle-selective transparent sheet>
A transparent silicon resin sheet having a thickness of 300 μm was used as the transparent sheet. As a light-shielding louver material, a 25 μm transparent acrylic sheet with aluminum deposited thereon was used, and a black matte paint was applied to the deposited surface with a thickness of about 10 μm, and one side was adjusted to a light absorbing surface. These two kinds of sheets were laminated by passing them through a hot roll while thinly applying an acrylic urethane adhesive on the acrylic sheet side of the louver material sheet. The laminated sheet thus obtained is cut into a sheet of 500 mm square to produce a large number of cut sheets, the previous adhesive is applied to one side thereof, about 20 sheets are stacked and pressure-bonded by hot pressing, and a multilayer sheet having a thickness of less than 10 mm I gave Further, about 60 layers were stacked and pressure-bonded to form a block having a thickness of about 500 mm.

  This block is sliced into 300 μm thick sheets in the stacked thickness direction using a slicer, and has a light reflecting surface by aluminum vapor deposition on one side and a black light absorbing surface on the other side, with a louver angle of 0 °. A louver type angle selective transmission material was obtained.

<Adjustment of angle selective reflector skin>
A reflection sheet obtained by depositing aluminum on a 300 μm soft vinyl chloride sheet as a reflection layer was laminated and bonded to the angle selective transmission material obtained by the above method. Moreover, the transparent urethane coating containing the frosting powder for preventing the reflection of the surface was apply | coated to the surface on the opposite side which adhere | attached the reflection layer. In this way, an angle selective reflection sheet was obtained.

<Adjustment of interior specimen>
The above skin was laminated with a 5.0 mm thick urethane foam sheet and a 1.2 mm thick 30 wt% talc-containing polypropylene plate with a room temperature dry rubber adhesive to form a skin of an instrument panel.

(Example 6)
In Example 1, a vehicle was made similar to Example 6 except that (3) imparting a heat transfer function from the back of the instrument panel to the lower part of the vehicle body was performed according to the following procedure.

  An aluminum conductive material was tightly bonded to the back surface of the upper top plate of the instrument panel outer shell, and one end thereof was fastened to the dash panel.

(Example 7)
In Example 1, (4) A vehicle was made in the same manner as Example 7 except that the heat collection function was imparted to the upper part of the vehicle body of the roof, pillar, and door panel by the following procedure.

Non-woven fabric manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd. (trade name: Thinsulate) with a thickness of 5 mm and a basis weight of 300 g / m ² using a normal temperature drying rubber adhesive on the back of the roof, the back of the pillar, and the back of the upper part of the body of the door panel Unite Co., Ltd. aluminum vapor deposition PET film (trade name: EMBLET, MP25) was attached. The affixed surface is the nonwoven fabric side.

(Conventional example)
A vehicle that does not perform the processing of the first embodiment is a conventional example.

(Comparative Example 1)
In a conventional vehicle, a non-woven fabric (trade name: Thinsulate) manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd., having a thickness of 30 mm and a basis weight of 300 g / m ² on the back of the roof, pillar, door, floor, instrument panel and rear parcel shelf A vehicle pasted with a rubber adhesive was set as Comparative Example 1.

(Comparative Example 2)
In the vehicle of Example 1, Comparative Example 2 is a vehicle in which (2) the heat collection function is imparted to the instrument panel skin and (4) the heat collection function is imparted to the roof, pillar, and door panel upper portion.

(Comparative Example 3)
In the vehicle of Example 1, (5) a vehicle in which only a heat insulating function was imparted to the lower part of the door panel and the floor was referred to as Comparative Example 3.

(Comparative Example 4)
In the vehicle of Example 1, (3) A vehicle in which only the heat transfer function was imparted from the back of the instrument panel to the lower part of the vehicle body was referred to as Comparative Example 4.

(Evaluation results)
FIG. 14 shows the evaluation results.

  As shown in FIG. 14, in Examples 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 to which a heat collecting function, a heat insulating function, and a heat transfer function were imparted in a test equivalent to being left under the sun, the equivalent to the passenger's head that is the main cause of heat sensation The temperature at the position is at least about 10 ° C. (comparison between Example 2 and Comparative Example 2) lower than Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and the conventional example, and is about 21 ° C. (Example 7 and the conventional example) at the maximum. It became clear that it became low. In Example 4 in which only the heat collection function and the heat insulation function were provided without providing the heat transfer function, the temperature at the surface corresponding to the passenger head was relatively high, although the instrument panel surface temperature was relatively high. It was also found that the temperature was lower by at least about 6 ° C. (comparative with Example 4 and Comparative Example 2) than the conventional example.

  Further, in the tests corresponding to standing in the cold, in Examples 1 to 7, compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and the conventional example, the position corresponding to the head of the occupant, the position corresponding to the foot of the occupant that is the main cause of the cold feeling, and the instrument panel It was found that the temperature at the surface temperature increased.

  By the above, the present invention that the indoor environment can be maintained in an acceptable state even under hot weather or cold, by providing a heat collecting function to the upper part of the vehicle body and a heat insulating function to the lower part of the vehicle body. The effect to play was confirmed. Furthermore, it was confirmed that a further effect can be obtained if a heat transfer function is provided.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to an application for improving the indoor temperature environment when the vehicle is parked under hot weather or cold.

It is a figure which uses for description of the thermal functional structure for motor vehicles concerning the present invention, and is a longitudinal section which looked at the body from the front. It is the schematic which shows typically the heat flow under the sun in the vehicle to which the thermal functional structure for motor vehicles based on this invention is applied. It is the schematic which shows typically the heat flow under the hot sun in the vehicle of the prior art example 1. FIG. It is the schematic which shows typically the heat flow under the hot sun in the vehicle of the prior art example 2. FIG. It is the schematic which shows typically the heat flow in the cold in the vehicle to which the thermal functional structure for motor vehicles based on this invention is applied. It is the schematic which shows typically the heat flow in the cold in the vehicle of the prior art example 1. FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a heat flow in a cold state in a vehicle of Conventional Example 2. 8 (A) to 8 (C) show a heat collection structure that uses a technique that makes it easy to absorb solar radiation on the surface layer of the solar radiation and makes it difficult to release heat applied to the surface layer by solar radiation absorption. It is sectional drawing which shows typically embodiment of the means which has a function. Schematic illustration of another embodiment of the means having a heat collecting function, which is configured by using a technique for facilitating the absorption of solar radiation on the surface layer of the part exposed to solar radiation and making it difficult to release the heat applied to the surface layer by solar radiation absorption. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows typically embodiment of the means which has a heat collecting function comprised using the method of ensuring the path | route which heat-radiates to the other site | part via the back surface from the surface part which receives sunlight. It is sectional drawing which shows typically other embodiment of the means which has a heat collection function comprised using the method of ensuring the path | route which thermally radiates to other site | parts via the back surface from the surface part which receives sunlight. 12 (A) and 12 (B) are cross-sectional views schematically showing an embodiment of means having a heat collecting function provided on the outer panel at the top of the vehicle body. FIGS. 13A to 13D are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the configuration of the heat transfer means for transferring heat from the upper part of the vehicle body to the lower part of the vehicle body, taking an instrument panel of an automobile interior material as an example. It is a graph which shows the temperature measurement result of an Example, a comparative example, and a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

1 light transmission layer,
2 space retention layer,
3 Low brightness layer ,
4 base material,
5 low brightness substrate,
6 Low brightness space retention layer,
7 Absorbing skin material,
8 reflective surface,
9 First thermal conductor (high thermal conductor),
10 fastening means,
11 Instrument panel parts outer shell ,
12 Steering member,
13 Electrical components,
14 Air conditioner unit,
15 Windshield,
16 Dash panel,
17 Outer panel,
18 Indoor trim,
19 reflective layer (reflective film),
20 Insulating layer (insulating material),
21 heat dissipation part,
22 heat receiving part,
23 Reflective material (reflective material),
24 interior parts,
25 Dash panel,
26 Instrument panel,
40 seats,
40a seat surface,
50 body,
51 border,
52 Upper body,
53 Lower body,
54 Upper edge of door panel,
55 Lower side sill,
56 Ground surface,
57 perpendicular,
58 vertical line,
58a substantially central position in the vertical line,
58b A position of 20% to 60% in length ratio from the lower end of the side sill to the full length of the vertical line,
61 Means having a heat collecting function,
62 Means having heat insulation function,
R Car cabin.

Claims (3)

A vehicle body (50) for partitioning the passenger compartment (R) is divided into two parts, a vehicle body upper part (52) and a vehicle body lower part (53), with a substantially horizontal boundary line (51) as a boundary. while providing a means (61) having a suppressing heat collecting function to releasing heat hot collecting well as heat collecting the heat absorbed the body upper (52) to the proximal member and the indoor space in), the vehicle body A heat transfer means for transferring the heat collected from the upper part (52) to the lower part of the vehicle body (53) is provided, and the lower part of the vehicle body (53) to which the heat collected by the means (61) having the heat collection function is transferred. ) Ri Na provided with means (62) having a suppressing Insulated heat transfer between the passenger compartment (R) in the outer and passenger compartment (R) to,
The heat transfer means is
A heat dissipating part (21) disposed on the reverse side of the surface exposed to solar radiation;
A heat receiving portion (22) disposed at a position away from the heat radiating portion (21);
A closed space where the heat dissipating part (21) and the heat receiving part (22) face;
A reflector (23) disposed in the closed space and facing at least a part of the heat receiving portion (22),
By adopting a configuration in which radiation from the heat radiating portion (21) is conducted to the heat receiving portion (22) by reflection of the reflecting material (23),
A thermal functional structure for automobiles, which secures a path for radiating heat from a surface portion exposed to solar radiation to other parts via the back surface . The thermal functional structure for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer means further includes a heat transfer path using a high thermal conductivity material . The heat transfer means includes an instrument panel (26), a rear parcel shelf, a ceiling, a pillar garnish, solar radiation heat transmitted through the glass to a portion corresponding to the upper part (52) of the vehicle body, floor and / or The thermal functional structure for an automobile according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the thermal functional structure is arranged so as to transfer heat to a portion corresponding to the lower body (53) of the door .