JP4143151B2

JP4143151B2 - Ceramic molding method

Info

Publication number: JP4143151B2
Application number: JP34064497A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 直美沓名
Original assignee: 直美沓名
Priority date: 1997-11-25
Filing date: 1997-11-25
Publication date: 2008-09-03
Anticipated expiration: 2017-11-25
Also published as: JPH11157294A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、陶磁器成形方法に関するものであり、特に、陶磁器の半成品である被成形体を成形加工する陶磁器成形方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より、陶磁器成形装置には、石膏型等からなる成形面を有し轆轤と一体で回転する成形型と、成形面を有するローラ鏝とを組み合わせて、前記成形型及びローラ鏝の両成形面によって粘土等のセラミック材料を圧延して陶磁器の半成品である被成形体を成形するものがある。
【０００３】
この陶磁器成形装置により成形された被成形体の各部に各種の凹凸模様を形成するには、成形面に凹凸模様を備えた模様成形部材を前記被成形体の各部に硬化する前に当接させて、前記模様成形部材の成形面の凹凸模様を被成形体の各部に転写して成形するのが一般的である。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記のように、模様成形部材の成形面を当接させて硬化前の被成形体の各部に凹凸模様を成形する場合は、硬化前の被成形体は変形し易いために、被成形体に模様成形部材の成形面を当接させる時の押圧力が大きすぎると、被成形体全体の形状が変形等して破損するおそれがあった。
【０００５】
また、静止した状態で被成形体に成形される各種の凹凸模様は、模様成形部材の成形面に形成された凹凸模様を反転させたものであるため、極めて機械的で単調であり、味わいや趣を出すには限界があった。
【０００６】
さらに、一旦、陶磁器成形装置で成形した被成形体に模様成形部材により各種の凹凸模様を成形する場合には、陶磁器が完成するまでに、更に多くの手間、時間及び作業スペースを要するため、陶磁器の製造コストが増大していた。
【０００７】
そこで、本発明は、既成の陶磁器成形装置のローラ鏝として用いることにより陶磁器の製造工程において陶磁器の各部に各種の凹凸模様を成形しない場合と略同等の製造コストで陶磁器の各部に各種の凹凸模様を成形することができ、しかも、凹凸模様が変化に富み味わい深く趣のある陶磁器成形方法の提供を課題とするものである。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１の発明にかかる陶磁器成形方法は、轆轤によって回転する成形型と、凹凸模様成形部が形成された成形面が前記成形型の成形面に対向し前記成形型の回転軸に対し所定の角度を有して回転するローラ鏝とを連携させて、陶磁器の被成形体を成形する陶磁器成形方法であって、前記成形型の成形面と前記ローラ鏝の成形面との間に所定量の粘土等のセラミック材料を投入する第一工程と、
前記成形型の回転数は前記ローラ鏝の回転数より大きめで、かつ、前記成形型及び前記ローラ鏝が回転を重ねる毎に前記被成形体の様々な位置にランダムに前記凹凸模様成形部を反転した凹凸模様を成形することで、複数の前記凹凸模様がランダムな位置に重なって、互いの形状を打ち消し合い前記被成形体に凹凸模様が残らないような回転数の比率で成形型及びローラ鏝を回転させて、前記セラミック材料を凹凸模様の無い前記被成形体に成形する第二工程と、該第二工程の後に、前記成形型及び前記ローラ鏝の回転数を調節して、前記ローラ鏝の回転数を前記成形型の回転数の整数倍にすることで、前記凹凸模様成形部の模様を反転させた凹凸模様を、所望の位置に、所望の個数だけ有する前記被成形体を形成する第三工程とを有することを特徴とする陶磁器成形方法である。
【０００９】
ここで、成形型の材質には、石膏がある。また、凹凸模様には、文字、絵柄等がある。さらに、ローラ鏝には、成形対象となる被成形体の内面を成形する内鏝と、被成形体の外面を成形する外鏝とがある。そして、ローラ鏝が内鏝の場合には成形型の成形面は凹状であり、ローラ鏝が外鏝の場合には成形型の成形面は凸状である。
【００１０】
したがって、請求項１の発明の陶磁器成形方法によれば、陶磁器成形装置を使用して、ローラ鏝の成形面と成形型の成形面との間に陶磁器の材料となる粘土等のセラミック材料を介在させて轆轤により前記成形型を回転させるとともに、前記ローラ鏝を回転させれば、前記セラミック材料が圧延されて所定の形状を有する被成形体が成形される。その際、前記ローラ鏝及び成形型の各回転数を所定の比率にすれば、ローラ鏝と成形型との回転比率に応じて、前記ローラ鏝の成形面により成形される部分に、前記ローラ鏝の成形面の凹凸模様成形部の模様を反転させた凹凸模様が前記ローラ鏝の成形面の回転方向に所望の比率で変形されて、所望の位置に、所望の個数だけ成形される。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の各実施の形態について説明をする。図１は本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置を示す斜視図である。
【００１６】
図１に示すように、本実施形態のローラ鏝３は、陶磁器成形装置１に用いられ、成形型２と対になって陶磁器１１を成形する。
【００１７】
成形型２は、石膏からなり略壷状をしており凹状の成形面２ａを有している。この成形面２ａは、後述する陶磁器１１の外面を成形するためのものであり、図示しない轆轤と一体で、矢印５に示すように回転する。なお、轆轤の動力源は、サーボモータ等の回転数を所定範囲で自在に制御できるものが使用される。また、モータによることなく、人力で回転するものもある。
【００１８】
ローラ鏝３は、鉄、アルミニウム等の各種金属、或いはナイロン樹脂等の各種樹脂からなり、凸状で前記成形型２の成形面２ａと対向する形状の成形面４を有している。この成形面４は、後述する陶磁器１１の内面を成形するためのものであり、図示しない回転手段と一体で、矢印６に示すように回転する。つまり、ローラ鏝３の成形面４は前記成形型２の成形面２ａに対向し、成形型２の回転軸に対し所定の角度を有して回転する。なお、回転手段の動力源は、サーボモータ等の回転数を所定範囲で自在に制御できるものが使用される。
【００１９】
また、轆轤及び回転手段の各回転数は図示しない回転数可変手段により可変できるようになっており、成形型２及びローラ鏝３の各回転比率は所定の範囲内で可変可能となっている。このため、成形型２とローラ鏝３は一定の関係を有し連携して回転することができる。
【００２０】
ローラ鏝３の成形面４には、各種装飾模様が凹凸状に成形された凹凸模様成形部４ａが彫刻によって設けられている。
【００２１】
上記のように組付けられた成形型２の成形面２ａと、ローラ鏝３の成形面４によって粘土等のセラミック材料を圧延して、後述する陶磁器１１を成形する。
【００２２】
続いて、本実施形態のローラ鏝３を備えた陶磁器成形装置１により陶磁器を成形する過程について説明する。図２は本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により被成形体を成形する状態を示す断面図である。なお、説明の都合上、成形型２は縦断面を示し、ローラ鏝３は側面を示してある。
【００２３】
先ず、成形型２の成形面２ａとローラ鏝３の成形面４との距離を成形する陶磁器１１の肉厚に応じて所定間隔になるようにローラ鏝３の位置を決める。このとき、成形型２の回転軸７とローラ鏝３の回転軸８とは一致するのではなく、ローラ鏝３の回転軸８は成形型２の回転軸７に対して所定角度で傾斜している。そのため、成形型２の成形面２ａとローラ鏝３の成形面４との間には回転軸８の傾斜方向の反対側に所定の空間が形成される。
【００２４】
成形型２の成形面２ａとローラ鏝３の成形面４との間に所定量の粘土等のセラミック材料が投入され、成形型２を図示しない轆轤と一体で回転軸７を中心に回転させるとともに、ローラ鏝３を図示しない回転手段により回転軸８を中心に前記成形型２の回転方向と同じ回転方向に回転させる。なお、成形型２及びローラ鏝３の回転数は、最初は成形型２が、例えば５００r.p.m.に対して、ローラ鏝３が３００r.p.m.という具合に、成形型２の回転数をローラ鏝３の回転数より大きめに回転させる。
【００２５】
このまま所定時間が経過すると、成形型２内部に予め投入した粘土等のセラミック材料は、成形型２の成形面２ａとローラ鏝３の成形面４との間で圧延され、図３に示すような湯呑み状の陶磁器１１に近い形状に成形される。図３は本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により成形された陶磁器を示す斜視図である。
【００２６】
このように、成形型２の内部に予め投入した粘土等のセラミック材料が、略湯呑み状に成形されたら、成形型２及びローラ鏝３の回転数を調節して、ローラ鏝３の成形面４に設けられた凹凸模様成形部４ａにより被成形体の内面に沿って凹凸模様を成形する。つまり、成形型２及びローラ鏝３の回転状態がある条件のときに、凹凸模様成形部４ａを反転させた凹凸模様１２を陶磁器１１の内面に成形させることができる。
【００２７】
ここで、陶磁器１１の内面に凹凸模様１２を成形させる条件について説明をする。
【００２８】
まず、成形型２、ローラ鏝３を共に適当な回転数で複数回回転させると、陶磁器１１の内面の同じ位置を凹凸模様成形部４ａが再び通ることは殆どなく、成形型２及びローラ鏝３が回転を重ねる毎に陶磁器１１内面の様々な位置にランダムに凹凸模様成形部４ａを反転した凹凸模様１２が成形される。そのため、複数の凹凸模様１２がランダムな位置に重なって、各凹凸模様１２が互いの形状を打ち消し合い、結果的に陶磁器１１内面には殆ど凹凸模様１２が残ることがない。
【００２９】
ところが、ローラ鏝３の回転数が成形型２の回転数の整数倍の場合には、一度目に陶磁器１１の内面の所定位置を通過したローラ鏝３の成形面４は、何度目に成形型２の成形面２ａの同じ位置を辿るときにも同じ条件で通過する。つまり、陶磁器１１の内面の凹凸模様成形部４ａによって成形される部分は常に一定位置となり、成形型２及びローラ鏝３が何回回転しようと、陶磁器１１の内面の異なる位置で凹凸模様成形部４ａによる成形が行われることがない。そのため、凹凸模様成形部４ａにより成形される複数の凹凸模様が位置を変えて互いの形状を打ち消し合うことはなく、陶磁器１１の内面には、凹凸模様成形部４ａの模様を反転させた凹凸模様１２が鮮明に成形される。
【００３０】
また、ローラ鏝３の回転数と成形型２の回転数との比率を変えることによって、陶磁器１１の内面に成形される凹凸模様１２を複数にすることができる。なお、陶磁器１１の内面に成形される凹凸模様１２の個数は、ローラ鏝３の回転数と成形型２の回転数との比率に応じて異なる。詳しくは、陶磁器１１の内面に成形される凹凸模様１２の個数は、成形型２の回転数に対するローラ鏝３の回転数の倍率に等しい数となる。
【００３１】
例えば、ローラ鏝３の回転数が成形型２の回転数に等しい場合、図４に示すように、陶磁器１１の内面には凹凸模様成形部４ａを反転させた凹凸模様１２が１つだけ成形される。図４は本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により成形された陶磁器を示す平面図である。また、ローラ鏝３の回転数が成形型２の回転数の２倍になれば、図５に示すように、陶磁器１１の内面には凹凸模様成形部４ａを反転させた凹凸模様１２が２つ成形される。図５は本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により他の条件で成形された陶磁器を示す平面図である。ただし、陶磁器１１の内面に成形される凹凸模様１２の数が増加するに従い、各凹凸模様１２の横幅は小さくなる。つまり、陶磁器１１の内面に成形される凹凸模様１２の数が増加するに従い、各凹凸模様１２の成形型２の回転方向へ向かう幅は縮小され小さくなる。
【００３２】
陶磁器１１の内面に成形される凹凸模様１２の個数が、成形型２の回転数に対するローラ鏝３の回転数の倍率に等しい数になる理由は、成形型２が１回転する間に、ローラ鏝３がｎ回転したとすると、ローラ鏝３に形成された凹凸模様成形部４ａが成形型２の成形面２ａのｎ箇所の位置を辿るためである。
【００３３】
さらに、ローラ鏝３の回転数と成形型２の回転数の比率を所定の値にすることで、陶磁器１１の内面に成形される凹凸模様１２を位置の異なる複数箇所に重ね合わせた状態にすることもできる。例えば、ローラ鏝３の回転数と成形型２の回転数の比率を２：３にすれば、図６に示すように、２つの凹凸模様１２が回転方向に１８０°位置を変えて重なった状態になる。図６は本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により更に他の条件で成形された陶磁器を示す平面図である。図６に示す陶磁器１１に凹凸模様成形部４ａを反転させた凹凸模様１２と、この凹凸模様１２と１８０°ずれた凹凸模様１２とが形成されている理由は、ローラ鏝３が１回転する間に成形型２が半回転余分に回転するため、ローラ鏝３が次回に回転を開始する位置が成形型２の半回転ずれた位置から始まることによる。つまり、この場合、成形型２の回転位置のうち角度を変えた２箇所で陶磁器１１の内面に凹凸模様１２が成形されている。この他に、ローラ鏝３の回転数と成形型２の回転数の比率を適宜変えることによって、更に、複雑に凹凸模様１２が角度を変えて重なって形成された陶磁器１１を製造することができる。
【００３４】
このように、本実施形態のローラ鏝３は、轆轤によって回転する石膏型等からなる成形型２と、成形面４が成形型２の成形面２ａに対向し成形型２の回転軸７に対し所定の角度を有する回転軸８を中心に回転するローラ鏝３とを備え、成形型２及びローラ鏝３の両成形面２ａ，４によって陶磁器１１の被成形体を成形する陶磁器成形装置１のローラ鏝３であって、前記ローラ鏝３の成形面４には、凹凸模様成形部４ａが形成されており、この凹凸模様成形部４ａによって被成形体に各種の凹凸模様１２が形成されるように成形型２と連携して回転するものである。
【００３５】
そして、本実施形態のローラ鏝３は、ローラ鏝３の成形面４が被成形体の内面を成形し、装着先の陶磁器成形装置１の成形型２の成形面２ａが被成形体の外面を成形するものである。
【００３６】
したがって、本実施形態のローラ鏝３は、陶磁器成形装置１を使用して、ローラ鏝３の成形面４と成形型２の成形面２ａとの間に陶磁器１１の材料となる粘土等のセラミック材料を介在させて轆轤により成形型２を回転させるとともに、ローラ鏝３を回転させれば、セラミック材料が圧延されて陶磁器１１が成形される。その際、ローラ鏝３及び成形型２の各回転数を所定の比率にすれば、ローラ鏝３と成形型２との回転比率に応じて、陶磁器１１のうちローラ鏝３の成形面４により成形される部分には、ローラ鏝３の成形面４の凹凸模様成形部４ａの模様を反転させた凹凸模様１２がローラ鏝３の成形面４の回転方向に所望の比率で変形されて、所望の位置に、所望の個数だけ成形される。このため、静止した状態で各種の装飾模様を成形された陶磁器に比べ、変化に富み味わい深く趣のある凹凸模様１２を有する陶磁器１１を成形できる。しかも、陶磁器１１は各種凹凸模様１２を有しているにも拘らず、各種の凹凸模様を有しない陶磁器と略同じ製造コストで成形することができる。
【００３７】
また、本実施形態のローラ鏝３は、陶磁器成形装置１を用いることにより、陶磁器１１の外面が成形型２の成形面２ａによって成形され、陶磁器１１の内面がローラ鏝３の成形面４によって成形されるので、凹凸模様成形部４ａによる文字絵柄等の凹凸模様１２は陶磁器１１の内面に成形される。そのため、変化に富み味わい深く趣のある凹凸模様１２を内面に有する陶磁器１１を成形できる。
【００３８】
ところで、上記説明では、成形型２の成形面２ａは凹状をしており、この成形面２ａは陶磁器１１の外面を成形し、ローラ鏝３は陶磁器１１の内面を成形する内鏝であるが、必ずしも、成形型２の成形面２ａの形状は凹状で、ローラ鏝３は陶磁器１１の内面を成形する内鏝に限定されるものではなく、成形型２の成形面２ａの形状を凸状にして陶磁器１１の内面を成形し、ローラ鏝３を陶磁器１１の外面を成形する外鏝としても構わない。
【００３９】
図７は本発明の第二実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により被成形体を成形する状態を示す断面図、図８は本発明の第二実施形態であるローラ鏝の成形面を示す平面図である。
【００４０】
本実施形態のローラ鏝２３を備えた陶磁器成形装置２１は、深さの浅い皿状の陶磁器３１を成形するものであり、上記第一実施形態のローラ鏝３を備えた陶磁器成形装置１において、凹状の成形面２ａを有する成形型２を凸状の成形面２２ａを有する成形型２２に代え、これに合わせて、成形型２に対向する内鏝からなるローラ鏝３を成形型２２に対向する外鏝からなるローラ鏝２３に代えたものである。
【００４１】
そして、成形型２２の成形面２２ａでは、陶磁器３１の内面を成形し、ローラ鏝２３の成形面２４では、陶磁器３１の外面を成形する。当然のことながら、本実施形態のローラ鏝２３を備えた陶磁器成形装置２１においても、ローラ鏝２３の成形面２４と成形型２２の成形面２２ａとの間で粘土等のセラミック材料を圧延して陶磁器３１を成形する点では上記第一実施形態のローラ鏝３を備えた陶磁器成形装置１の場合と同様である。しかし、各成形面２２ａ，２４により成形される陶磁器３１の内面及び外面が逆になることにより、陶磁器３１の凹凸模様成形部２４ａにより凹凸模様が成形される面が内面から外面に代わっている点で上記第一実施形態のローラ鏝３を備えた陶磁器成形装置１の場合と異なる。
【００４２】
このように、本実施形態のローラ鏝２３は、上記第一実施形態のローラ鏝３を備えた陶磁器成形装置１において、被成形体の内面を成形する成形面４を有するローラ鏝３を被成形体の外面を成形する成形面２４を有するローラ鏝２３に代え、被成形体の外面を成形する成形面２ａを有する成形型２を被成形体の内面を成形する成形面２２ａを有する成形型２２に代えた陶磁器成形装置２１に使用されるものである。
【００４３】
したがって、本実施形態のローラ鏝２３は、上記第一実施形態のローラ鏝３と同様に、陶磁器成形装置２１を使用して、ローラ鏝２３の成形面２４と成形型２２の成形面２２ａとの間に陶磁器３１の材料となる粘土等のセラミック材料を介在させて、成形型２２を回転軸２７を中心に回転させ、ローラ鏝２３を回転軸２８を中心に回転させれば、セラミック材料が圧延されて陶磁器３１が成形され、その際、ローラ鏝２３と成形型２２との回転比率に応じて、陶磁器３１のうちローラ鏝２３の成形面２４により成形される部分には、ローラ鏝２３の成形面２４の凹凸模様成形部２４ａの模様を反転させた凹凸模様がローラ鏝２３の回転方向に所望の比率で変形されて、所望の位置に、所望の個数だけ成形される。このため、静止した状態で各種の装飾模様を成形された陶磁器に比べ、変化に富み味わい深く趣のある凹凸模様を有する陶磁器３１を成形できるとともに、陶磁器３１は各種凹凸模様を有しているにも拘らず、各種の凹凸模様を有しない陶磁器と略同じ製造コストで成形することができる。
【００４４】
また、本実施形態のローラ鏝２３は、陶磁器成形装置２１を使用して、陶磁器３１の内面が成形型２２の成形面２２ａによって成形され、陶磁器３１の外面がローラ鏝２３の成形面２４によって成形されるので、凹凸模様成形部２４ａによる文字絵柄等の各種の凹凸模様を陶磁器３１の外面に成形できる。そのため、変化に富み味わい深く趣のある凹凸模様を外面に有する陶磁器３１を成形できる。
【００４５】
ところで、上記各実施形態では、成形型２，２２は石膏からなるものとしたが、成形型２，２２の材質は、必ずしも、石膏に限定されるものではなく、その他の材質であっても構わない。
【００４６】
また、上記各実施形態では、ローラ鏝３，２３は、鉄、アルミニウム等の各種金属、或いはナイロン樹脂等の各種樹脂からなるものとしたが、ローラ鏝３，２３の材質には、必ずしも、このような材質に限定されるものではなく、上記説明のような陶磁器の成形に対する所定の耐久性を備えていれば、その他の材質であっても構わない。特に、ローラ鏝３，２３の材質が鉄、アルミニウム等の金属からなる場合には、表面にセラミックをコーティングすることにより、耐磨耗性が増す。ローラ鏝３，２３の表面にセラミックをコーティングすることにより百万個以上の陶磁器１１，３１を連続して成形することができる。
【００４７】
さらに、上記各実施形態では、轆轤及び回転手段の動力原としてサーボモータとしたが、必ずしも、サーボモータに限定されるものではなく、回転数を可変できるものならば、その他の動力源でもよく、人力によるものとしても構わない。
【００４８】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、請求項１の発明の陶磁器成形方法は、陶磁器成形装置を使用して、ローラ鏝の成形面と成形型の成形面との間に粘土等のセラミック材料を介在させ、前記ローラ鏝及び成形型を回転させることにより、前記セラミック材料が圧延されて所定の形状を有する被成形体が成形され、前記ローラ鏝及び成形型の各回転数を所定の比率にすれば、前記ローラ鏝と前記成形型との回転比率に応じて、前記ローラ鏝の成形面により成形される部分に、前記ローラ鏝の成形面の凹凸模様成形部の模様を反転させた凹凸模様が前記ローラ鏝の回転方向に所望の比率で変形されて、所望の位置に、所望の個数だけ成形されるので、静止した状態で各種の凹凸模様が成形された陶磁器に比べて変化に富み味わい深く趣のある凹凸模様を有する陶磁器を成形できる。しかも、この陶磁器は各種装飾模様を有しているにも拘らず各種装飾模様を有しない陶磁器と略同じ程度の製造コストで成形することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置を示す斜視図である。
【図２】本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により被成形体を成形する状態を示す断面図である。
【図３】本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により成形された陶磁器を示す斜視図である。
【図４】本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により成形された陶磁器を示す平面図である。
【図５】本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により他の条件で成形された陶磁器を示す平面図である。
【図６】本発明の第一実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により更に他の条件で成形された陶磁器を示す平面図である。
【図７】本発明の第二実施形態であるローラ鏝を備えた陶磁器成形装置により被成形体を成形する状態を示す断面図である。
【図８】本発明の第二実施形態であるローラ鏝の成形面を示す平面図である。
【符号の説明】
１，２１陶磁器成形装置
２，２２成形型
２ａ，２２ａ成形面
３，２３ローラ鏝
４，２４成形面
４ａ，２４ａ凹凸模様成形部
１１，３１陶磁器
１２凹凸模様[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ceramic molding method , and more particularly to a ceramic molding method for molding a molded body that is a semi-finished product of ceramic.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a ceramic molding apparatus, a molding surface having a molding surface made of a plaster mold or the like and a molding die that rotates integrally with a basket and a roller basket having a molding surface are combined. In some cases, a ceramic material such as clay is rolled to form a molded body that is a semi-finished product of ceramic.
[0003]
In order to form various concavo-convex patterns on each part of the molded body molded by this ceramic molding apparatus, a pattern forming member having a concavo-convex pattern on the molding surface is brought into contact with each part of the molded body before curing. In general, the concavo-convex pattern on the molding surface of the pattern molding member is transferred to each part of the molded body and molded.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as described above, when forming a concavo-convex pattern on each part of the molded body before curing by bringing the molding surface of the pattern molding member into contact, the molded body before curing is easily deformed. If the pressing force when the forming surface of the pattern forming member is brought into contact with the body is too large, the shape of the entire object to be formed may be damaged due to deformation or the like.
[0005]
In addition, the various concavo-convex patterns formed on the molded body in a stationary state are a reversal of the concavo-convex pattern formed on the molding surface of the pattern forming member, and are therefore extremely mechanical and monotonous. There was a limit to putting out a taste.
[0006]
In addition, when various uneven patterns are formed on a molded object once formed by a ceramic forming apparatus using a pattern forming member, more work, time and work space are required until the ceramic is completed. The manufacturing cost of was increasing.
[0007]
Therefore, the present invention uses various uneven patterns on each part of the ceramic at substantially the same manufacturing cost as the case where various uneven patterns are not formed on each part of the ceramic in the manufacturing process of the ceramic by using it as a roller bowl of an existing ceramic forming apparatus. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for forming ceramics that is capable of being molded, and that has a rich and varied concavo-convex pattern.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ceramic molding method in which a molding die that is rotated by a ridge and a molding surface on which a concavo-convex pattern molding portion is formed are opposed to the molding surface of the molding die and a predetermined axis with respect to the rotation axis of the molding die A ceramic molding method for molding a ceramic molding object in cooperation with a roller cage rotating at an angle, wherein a predetermined amount is formed between the molding surface of the molding die and the molding surface of the roller cage. A first step of feeding ceramic materials such as clay,
The number of rotations of the mold is larger than the number of rotations of the roller ridges, and each time the molding dies and the roller ridges are repeatedly rotated, the concave-convex pattern forming portion is randomly inverted at various positions of the molding target. By forming the concavo-convex pattern, a plurality of the concavo-convex patterns overlap at random positions, cancel each other's shape, and at a rotational speed ratio such that the concavo-convex pattern does not remain on the molded body, A second step of forming the ceramic material into the molded body without a concavo-convex pattern, and adjusting the number of rotations of the mold and the roller rod after the second step, By forming the number of rotations at an integral multiple of the number of rotations of the mold, the molded body having the desired number of concavo-convex patterns obtained by inverting the pattern of the concavo-convex pattern forming portion is formed at a desired position. Having a third step Which is a ceramics molding method characterized.
[0009]
Here, the material of the mold is gypsum. The uneven pattern includes characters, patterns, and the like. Further, the roller rod includes an inner rod that molds the inner surface of the molding object to be molded and an outer rod that molds the outer surface of the molding object. When the roller rod is an inner rod, the molding surface of the mold is concave. When the roller rod is an outer rod, the molding surface of the molding die is convex.
[0010]
Therefore, according to the ceramic molding method of the first aspect of the present invention, a ceramic material such as clay as a ceramic material is interposed between the molding surface of the roller bowl and the molding surface of the mold using the ceramic molding device. When the mold is rotated by the ridge and the roller ridge is rotated, the ceramic material is rolled to form a molded body having a predetermined shape. At this time, if the rotation speeds of the roller basket and the mold are set to a predetermined ratio, the roller mold is formed on a portion formed by the molding surface of the roller basket according to the rotation ratio between the roller basket and the mold. The concavo-convex pattern obtained by inverting the pattern of the concavo-convex pattern forming portion of the molding surface is deformed at a desired ratio in the rotation direction of the molding surface of the roller ridge, and a desired number is formed at a desired position.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a ceramic molding apparatus provided with a roller basket which is a first embodiment of the present invention.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1, the roller basket 3 of this embodiment is used in a ceramic molding apparatus 1 and forms a ceramic 11 in a pair with a molding die 2.
[0017]
The molding die 2 is made of gypsum and has a substantially bowl shape, and has a concave molding surface 2a. The molding surface 2a is for molding an outer surface of the ceramic 11 described later, and rotates as shown by an arrow 5 integrally with a not-shown basket. As the power source of the kite, a power source that can freely control the rotational speed of a servo motor or the like within a predetermined range is used. There are also those that rotate by human power without being driven by a motor.
[0018]
The roller cage 3 is made of various metals such as iron and aluminum, or various resins such as nylon resin, and has a molding surface 4 which is convex and faces the molding surface 2 a of the molding die 2. The molding surface 4 is for molding the inner surface of the ceramic 11 described later, and rotates as shown by an arrow 6 integrally with a rotating means (not shown). That is, the molding surface 4 of the roller cage 3 faces the molding surface 2a of the molding die 2 and rotates with a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis of the molding die 2. As the power source for the rotating means, a servo motor or the like that can freely control the rotation speed within a predetermined range is used.
[0019]
Further, the rotation speeds of the rod and the rotation means can be varied by a rotation speed variable means (not shown), and the respective rotation ratios of the mold 2 and the roller basket 3 can be varied within a predetermined range. For this reason, the shaping | molding die 2 and the roller cage | basket 3 have a fixed relationship, and can rotate in cooperation.
[0020]
The molding surface 4 of the roller basket 3 is provided with a concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a in which various decorative patterns are formed in a concavo-convex shape by engraving.
[0021]
A ceramic material such as clay is rolled by the molding surface 2a of the molding die 2 assembled as described above and the molding surface 4 of the roller cage 3 to form a ceramic 11 described later.
[0022]
Subsequently, a process of forming a ceramic by the ceramic forming apparatus 1 provided with the roller basket 3 of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a molded body is molded by a ceramic molding apparatus provided with a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, the mold 2 shows a longitudinal section, and the roller cage 3 shows a side surface.
[0023]
First, the position of the roller cage 3 is determined so that the distance between the molding surface 2a of the mold 2 and the molding surface 4 of the roller cage 3 is a predetermined interval according to the thickness of the ceramic 11 to be molded. At this time, the rotating shaft 7 of the mold 2 and the rotating shaft 8 of the roller cage 3 do not coincide with each other, but the rotating shaft 8 of the roller cage 3 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotating shaft 7 of the mold 2. Yes. Therefore, a predetermined space is formed between the molding surface 2 a of the mold 2 and the molding surface 4 of the roller cage 3 on the opposite side of the inclined direction of the rotary shaft 8.
[0024]
A predetermined amount of a ceramic material such as clay is put between the molding surface 2a of the molding die 2 and the molding surface 4 of the roller cage 3, and the molding die 2 is rotated around the rotary shaft 7 integrally with the cage not shown. The roller rod 3 is rotated in the same rotational direction as the rotational direction of the mold 2 around the rotational shaft 8 by a rotating means (not shown). The rotational speeds of the mold 2 and the roller cage 3 are initially set so that the rotational speed of the mold 2 is 300 rpm for the mold 2 at 500 rpm, for example, the roller 3 is 300 rpm. Rotate larger than the number of rotations.
[0025]
When the predetermined time elapses, the ceramic material such as clay previously put into the molding die 2 is rolled between the molding surface 2a of the molding die 2 and the molding surface 4 of the roller cage 3, as shown in FIG. It is formed into a shape close to the cup-shaped ceramic 11. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a ceramic molded by a ceramic molding apparatus having a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0026]
As described above, when the ceramic material such as clay previously put into the forming die 2 is formed in a substantially hot water squeeze shape, the number of rotations of the forming die 2 and the roller cage 3 is adjusted to form the molding surface 4 of the roller cage 3. A concavo-convex pattern is formed along the inner surface of the object to be molded by the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a provided on the surface. That is, the concave / convex pattern 12 obtained by inverting the concave / convex pattern forming portion 4a can be formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 under conditions where the mold 2 and the roller cage 3 are rotated.
[0027]
Here, the conditions for forming the uneven pattern 12 on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 will be described.
[0028]
First, when both the mold 2 and the roller basket 3 are rotated at an appropriate number of revolutions, the concave / convex pattern molding part 4a hardly passes through the same position on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 again, and the mold 2 and the roller basket 3 Each time the rotation is repeated, the concavo-convex pattern 12 is formed by randomly inverting the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a at various positions on the inner surface of the ceramic 11. Therefore, the plurality of concavo-convex patterns 12 overlap at random positions, and the concavo-convex patterns 12 cancel each other's shape, and as a result, the concavo-convex pattern 12 hardly remains on the inner surface of the ceramic 11.
[0029]
However, when the rotational speed of the roller basket 3 is an integral multiple of the rotational speed of the mold 2, the molding surface 4 of the roller basket 3 that has passed through a predetermined position on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 at the first time is When the same position of the second molding surface 2a is traced, the same condition is passed. That is, the portion formed by the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 is always a fixed position, and the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a is formed at different positions on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 regardless of how many times the mold 2 and the roller basket 3 are rotated. The molding by is not performed. Therefore, the plurality of concavo-convex patterns formed by the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a do not change positions and cancel each other's shape, and the inner surface of the ceramic 11 has the concavo-convex pattern obtained by inverting the pattern of the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a. 12 is clearly formed.
[0030]
Moreover, the uneven | corrugated pattern 12 shape | molded by the inner surface of the ceramics 11 can be made into multiple by changing the ratio of the rotation speed of the roller cage | basket 3 and the rotation speed of the shaping | molding die 2. FIG. In addition, the number of the concavo-convex patterns 12 formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 varies depending on the ratio between the rotation speed of the roller basket 3 and the rotation speed of the mold 2. Specifically, the number of the concave and convex patterns 12 formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 is equal to the magnification of the rotational speed of the roller basket 3 with respect to the rotational speed of the mold 2.
[0031]
For example, when the rotational speed of the roller basket 3 is equal to the rotational speed of the mold 2, as shown in FIG. 4, only one concave / convex pattern 12 is formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 by inverting the concave / convex pattern forming portion 4 a. The FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a ceramic molded by a ceramic molding apparatus provided with a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention. If the rotational speed of the roller basket 3 is twice the rotational speed of the mold 2, two concavo-convex patterns 12 are formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 by inverting the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4 a as shown in FIG. 5. Molded. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a ceramic molded under other conditions by a ceramic molding apparatus having a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention. However, as the number of concavo-convex patterns 12 formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 increases, the lateral width of each concavo-convex pattern 12 decreases. That is, as the number of concavo-convex patterns 12 formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 increases, the width of each concavo-convex pattern 12 in the rotation direction of the forming die 2 is reduced and becomes smaller.
[0032]
The reason why the number of the concavo-convex patterns 12 formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 is equal to the magnification of the rotational speed of the roller basket 3 with respect to the rotational speed of the mold 2 is that the roller This is because the concave / convex pattern forming portion 4a formed on the roller basket 3 follows the position of n places on the forming surface 2a of the forming die 2 when 3 rotates n times.
[0033]
Further, by setting the ratio of the rotation speed of the roller bowl 3 and the rotation speed of the mold 2 to a predetermined value, the uneven pattern 12 formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 is superposed at a plurality of different positions. You can also. For example, if the ratio of the rotational speed of the roller rod 3 and the rotational speed of the mold 2 is 2: 3, the two concavo-convex patterns 12 are overlapped at different positions by 180 ° in the rotational direction as shown in FIG. become. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a ceramic molded under still other conditions by a ceramic molding apparatus having a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The reason why the concavo-convex pattern 12 obtained by inverting the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a and the concavo-convex pattern 12 that is 180 ° shifted from the concavo-convex pattern 12 is formed in the ceramic 11 shown in FIG. Because the mold 2 rotates by an extra half turn, the position at which the roller rod 3 starts to rotate next starts from a position shifted from the mold 2 by a half turn. That is, in this case, the concavo-convex pattern 12 is formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11 at two positions where the angle is changed among the rotational positions of the mold 2. In addition, by appropriately changing the ratio of the rotational speed of the roller bowl 3 and the rotational speed of the mold 2, it is possible to manufacture the ceramic 11 in which the uneven pattern 12 is formed in a complicated manner by overlapping the angles. .
[0034]
As described above, the roller cage 3 of the present embodiment includes a molding die 2 made of a plaster mold or the like rotated by the cage, and a molding surface 4 facing the molding surface 2a of the molding die 2 with respect to the rotation shaft 7 of the molding die 2. The roller of the ceramic molding apparatus 1 is provided with a roller basket 3 that rotates about a rotary shaft 8 having a predetermined angle, and the molding object 2 is molded by the molding surfaces 2a and 4 of the molding mold 2 and the roller basket 3. A concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a is formed on the molding surface 4 of the roller ridge 3, and various concavo-convex patterns 12 are formed on the molding target by the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a. It rotates in cooperation with the mold 2.
[0035]
In the roller cage 3 of the present embodiment, the molding surface 4 of the roller cage 3 molds the inner surface of the molded body, and the molding surface 2a of the molding die 2 of the ceramic molding apparatus 1 as the mounting destination is the outer surface of the molded body. It is to be molded.
[0036]
Therefore, the roller basket 3 of the present embodiment is a ceramic material such as clay, which becomes the material of the ceramic 11 between the molding surface 4 of the roller basket 3 and the molding surface 2a of the mold 2 using the ceramic molding apparatus 1. When the mold 2 is rotated with the pestle and the roller ridge 3 is rotated, the ceramic material is rolled and the ceramic 11 is formed. At that time, if the rotational speeds of the roller basket 3 and the mold 2 are set to a predetermined ratio, the molding is performed by the molding surface 4 of the roller basket 3 in the ceramic 11 according to the rotation ratio of the roller basket 3 and the mold 2. In the portion to be formed, the concavo-convex pattern 12 obtained by inverting the pattern of the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4a of the forming surface 4 of the roller ridge 3 is deformed at a desired ratio in the rotation direction of the forming surface 4 of the roller ridge 3, A desired number is molded at the position. For this reason, compared with the ceramics which shape | molded the various decoration patterns in the stationary state, the ceramics 11 which has the concavo-convex pattern 12 which is rich in change and tastes tastefully can be shape | molded. Moreover, although the ceramic 11 has various uneven patterns 12, it can be molded at substantially the same manufacturing cost as a ceramic without various uneven patterns.
[0037]
In addition, the roller basket 3 according to the present embodiment uses the ceramic molding apparatus 1 so that the outer surface of the ceramic 11 is molded by the molding surface 2 a of the molding die 2, and the inner surface of the ceramic 11 is molded by the molding surface 4 of the roller basket 3. Therefore, the concavo-convex pattern 12 such as a character pattern by the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 4 a is formed on the inner surface of the ceramic 11. Therefore, it is possible to mold the ceramics 11 having the concavo-convex pattern 12 which is rich in taste and rich in taste on the inner surface.
[0038]
By the way, in the above description, the molding surface 2a of the mold 2 has a concave shape, the molding surface 2a molds the outer surface of the ceramic 11, and the roller basket 3 is an inner casing that molds the inner surface of the ceramic 11. The shape of the molding surface 2a of the molding die 2 is necessarily concave, and the roller basket 3 is not limited to the inner collar that molds the inner surface of the ceramic 11, and the molding surface 2a of the molding die 2 has a convex shape. The inner surface of the ceramic 11 may be molded, and the roller basket 3 may be used as an outer casing for molding the outer surface of the ceramic 11.
[0039]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a molded body is formed by a ceramic forming apparatus having a roller basket according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a molding surface of the roller basket according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
[0040]
The ceramic molding apparatus 21 provided with the roller basket 23 of the present embodiment forms a shallow dish-shaped ceramic 31. In the ceramic molding apparatus 1 provided with the roller basket 3 of the first embodiment, The molding die 2 having the concave molding surface 2a is replaced with the molding die 22 having the convex molding surface 22a, and in accordance with this, the roller cage 3 made of an inner collar facing the molding die 2 is opposed to the molding die 22. Instead of a roller cage 23 made of an outer cage.
[0041]
The inner surface of the ceramic 31 is formed on the molding surface 22 a of the mold 22, and the outer surface of the ceramic 31 is molded on the molding surface 24 of the roller cage 23. As a matter of course, in the ceramic molding apparatus 21 including the roller cage 23 of the present embodiment, a ceramic material such as clay is rolled between the molding surface 24 of the roller cage 23 and the molding surface 22a of the molding die 22. In the point which shape | molds the ceramics 31, it is the same as that of the case of the ceramic shaping | molding apparatus 1 provided with the roller basket 3 of said 1st embodiment. However, since the inner surface and the outer surface of the ceramic 31 formed by the respective molding surfaces 22a and 24 are reversed, the surface on which the concave / convex pattern is formed by the concave / convex pattern forming portion 24a of the ceramic 31 is changed from the inner surface to the outer surface. This is different from the case of the ceramic forming apparatus 1 provided with the roller basket 3 of the first embodiment.
[0042]
As described above, the roller basket 23 of the present embodiment is formed by molding the roller basket 3 having the molding surface 4 for molding the inner surface of the molded body in the ceramic molding apparatus 1 provided with the roller basket 3 of the first embodiment. Instead of the roller cage 23 having the molding surface 24 for molding the outer surface of the body, the molding die 22 having the molding surface 22a for molding the inner surface of the molded body is used as the molding die 2 having the molding surface 2a for molding the outer surface of the molded body. It is used for the ceramic molding apparatus 21 replaced with.
[0043]
Therefore, similarly to the roller cage 3 of the first embodiment, the roller cage 23 of the present embodiment uses the ceramic molding device 21 to form the molding surface 24 of the roller cage 23 and the molding surface 22a of the mold 22. The ceramic material is rolled by interposing a ceramic material such as clay as a material of the ceramic 31 between them, rotating the mold 22 around the rotating shaft 27 and rotating the roller cage 23 around the rotating shaft 28. Then, the ceramic 31 is formed. At that time, the portion of the ceramic 31 formed by the forming surface 24 of the roller ridge 23 is formed according to the rotation ratio of the roller ridge 23 and the mold 22. The concavo-convex pattern obtained by inverting the pattern of the concavo-convex pattern forming portion 24a on the surface 24 is deformed at a desired ratio in the rotation direction of the roller rod 23, and a desired number is formed at a desired position. For this reason, it is possible to form a ceramic 31 having a rich and tasteful concavo-convex pattern, which is rich in change, compared to a ceramic molded with various decorative patterns in a stationary state, and the ceramic 31 has various concavo-convex patterns. Regardless, it can be molded at almost the same manufacturing cost as that of various types of ceramics without concavo-convex patterns.
[0044]
Further, the roller basket 23 of the present embodiment is formed by using the ceramic molding device 21, the inner surface of the ceramic 31 is molded by the molding surface 22 a of the molding die 22, and the outer surface of the ceramic 31 is molded by the molding surface 24 of the roller basket 23. Therefore, various uneven patterns such as a character pattern by the uneven pattern forming portion 24 a can be formed on the outer surface of the ceramic 31. Therefore, it is possible to form the ceramic 31 having a rich and tasteful concavo-convex pattern on the outer surface.
[0045]
In the above embodiments, the molds 2 and 22 are made of gypsum. However, the material of the molds 2 and 22 is not necessarily limited to gypsum, and other materials may be used. Absent.
[0046]
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the roller cages 3 and 23 are made of various metals such as iron and aluminum, or various resins such as nylon resin. It is not limited to such a material, and any other material may be used as long as it has a predetermined durability against the formation of ceramics as described above. In particular, when the roller rods 3 and 23 are made of a metal such as iron or aluminum, the wear resistance is increased by coating the surface with ceramic. One million or more ceramics 11 and 31 can be continuously formed by coating the surface of the rollers 3 and 23 with ceramic.
[0047]
Furthermore, in each of the embodiments described above, the servo motor is used as the power source for the kite and the rotating means, but it is not necessarily limited to the servo motor, and any other power source may be used as long as the number of rotations can be varied. It doesn't matter if it is based on human power.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the ceramic molding method of the invention of claim 1, the ceramic molding apparatus is used to interpose a ceramic material such as clay between the molding surface of the roller bowl and the molding surface of the mold, and the roller The ceramic material is rolled to form a molded body having a predetermined shape by rotating the ridge and the mold, and the roller ridge and the mold are rotated at a predetermined ratio. According to the rotation ratio between the roller mold and the mold, a concavo-convex pattern obtained by inverting the pattern of the concavo-convex pattern forming part of the molding surface of the roller bowl is rotated on the part formed by the molding surface of the roller bowl. Since it is deformed at a desired ratio in the direction and is formed in a desired number at a desired position, it has a variety of uneven patterns that are rich in change and tasteful and quaint patterns that are formed in a stationary state. Having ceramic It can be molded. Moreover, although this ceramic has various decorative patterns, it can be molded at substantially the same manufacturing cost as a ceramic without various decorative patterns.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a ceramic forming apparatus provided with a roller basket according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a molded body is molded by a ceramic molding apparatus provided with a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a ceramic molded by a ceramic molding apparatus including a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a ceramic molded by a ceramic molding apparatus having a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a ceramic molded under other conditions by a ceramic molding apparatus having a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a ceramic molded under still other conditions by a ceramic molding apparatus having a roller basket according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a molded body is molded by a ceramic molding apparatus provided with a roller basket according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a molding surface of a roller cage according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,21 Ceramic molding apparatus 2,22 Mold 2a, 22a Molding surface 3,23 Roller cage 4,24 Molding surface 4a, 24a Irregular pattern formation part 11,31 Ceramic 12 Irregular pattern

Claims

Coupling between a mold that is rotated by a ridge and a roller ridge that is rotated at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis of the mold, with the molding surface on which the concavo-convex pattern molding portion is formed facing the molding surface of the mold A ceramic molding method for molding a ceramic body ,
A first step of charging a predetermined amount of ceramic material such as clay between the molding surface of the mold and the molding surface of the roller cage;
The number of rotations of the mold is larger than the number of rotations of the roller ridges, and each time the molding dies and the roller ridges are repeatedly rotated, the concave-convex pattern forming portion is randomly inverted at various positions of the molding target. By forming the concavo-convex pattern, a plurality of the concavo-convex patterns overlap at random positions, cancel each other's shape, and the mold and the mold at a ratio of the number of rotations so that the concavo-convex pattern does not remain in the molded object A second step of rotating the roller cage to form the ceramic material into the molded body without an uneven pattern;
After the second step, the number of rotations of the mold and the roller cage is adjusted so that the number of revolutions of the roller cage is an integral multiple of the number of revolutions of the molding die, so A third step of forming the object to be molded having a desired number of concavo-convex patterns obtained by inverting
Ceramics molding method characterized in that it comprises a.