JP4137833B2 - Roof structure - Google Patents

Roof structure Download PDF

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JP4137833B2
JP4137833B2 JP2004099603A JP2004099603A JP4137833B2 JP 4137833 B2 JP4137833 B2 JP 4137833B2 JP 2004099603 A JP2004099603 A JP 2004099603A JP 2004099603 A JP2004099603 A JP 2004099603A JP 4137833 B2 JP4137833 B2 JP 4137833B2
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frame
planting
panel
solar cell
roof
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JP2005282211A (en
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成康 村田
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Misawa Homes Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S25/30—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules using elongate rigid mounting elements extending substantially along the supporting surface, e.g. for covering buildings with solar heat collectors
    • F24S25/33—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules using elongate rigid mounting elements extending substantially along the supporting surface, e.g. for covering buildings with solar heat collectors forming substantially planar assemblies, e.g. of coplanar or stacked profiles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Description

本発明は、屋根面に太陽電池パネルと植栽パネルとがそれぞれ組み合わされて複数敷設されてなる屋根構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a roof structure in which a plurality of solar cell panels and planting panels are combined on a roof surface.

近年、環境を重視した住宅が出てきており、建物の緑化に関して、例えば屋上やバルコニー、屋根面等に植栽することにより居住者に安らぎを与えたり都市の景観を美化するととともに、都市部の温暖化の防止対策を図っている。
屋根面における植栽が施された住宅として、屋根の上面に薄層の培土を敷設し、その培土に植生を施し、屋根の頂部に設けられた太陽電池パネルによる電力を用いて、貯水槽等に貯水された水を植生に循環供給するように構成した住宅が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開平１１−２９３７１７号公報 In recent years, houses that emphasize the environment have come out. Concerning the greening of buildings, for example, by planting them on the rooftop, balcony, roof surface, etc. We are trying to prevent global warming.
As a house that has been planted on the roof surface, a thin layer of soil is laid on the top surface of the roof, the soil is vegetated, and water is stored using solar panel power provided on the top of the roof. There has been proposed a house configured to circulate and supply water stored in the vegetation (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-293717

しかしながら、上記特許文献１に記載の住宅の場合、屋根の両側全面に植生が施され、太陽電池パネルは屋根の頂部のみに設置されている。そのため、外観も単調であり、屋根面の所望の箇所に自在に植栽したり太陽電池パネルを設置することで、より美観に優れた建物とすることが望まれている。
また、太陽電池パネルは屋根の頂部のみに設置されていることから、設置箇所も少なく十分な電力を確保することが難しいという問題がある。さらには、上述の方法により屋根面に植栽を施した場合、非常に手間がかかるという問題もあり、施工の簡略化が求められている。
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、屋根面の所望の箇所に自在に植栽したり、太陽電池パネルを設置することができ、外観上非常に優れた建物とすることのできる屋根構造を提供することを目的としている。 However, in the case of the house described in Patent Document 1, vegetation is applied to the entire surface of both sides of the roof, and the solar cell panel is installed only on the top of the roof. Therefore, the appearance is also monotonous, and it is desired to make the building more beautiful by planting it freely at a desired location on the roof surface or installing a solar cell panel.
Moreover, since the solar cell panel is installed only on the top of the roof, there is a problem that it is difficult to secure sufficient power because there are few installation locations. Furthermore, when planting a roof surface by the above-mentioned method, there also exists a problem that it takes a lot of work, and simplification of construction is required.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can be freely planted at a desired location on the roof surface or can be provided with a solar cell panel, and can be a very excellent building in appearance. The aim is to provide a roof structure.

上記課題を解決するため、請求項１の発明は、例えば、図１〜図３に示すように、第１の枠４２内に太陽電池（太陽光発電モジュール４３）が設けられてなる太陽電池パネル４と、平面視した際に、前記第１の枠４２と同形状で同じ大きさをなした第２の枠５２内に緑化植物が植栽されてシート状もしくはマット状の植栽層５３と、前記植栽層５３の下方に設けられた人口培土である土壌層からなる植栽パネル５とが、建物１の傾斜した屋根面２にレール部３上に複数敷設されており、
前記第２の枠５２の傾斜方向上側底面に、前記植栽層５３に給水される複数の給水口５５aが形成され、前記第２の枠５２の傾斜方向下側底面に、前記植栽パネル５における排水を外部へ排出するための排水機構（例えば、溝部３１）を備えた前記レール部３に通じる排水口５２bが形成され、
前記屋根面２と、前記太陽電池パネル４及び前記植栽パネル５の下面との間には通気層７が設けられており、
前記通気層７に、前記給水口５５aに通じる給水管６が設けられていることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the invention of claim 1 is a solar cell panel in which a solar cell (solar power generation module 43) is provided in a first frame 42 as shown in FIGS. 4 and a second plant 52 having the same shape and the same size as the first frame 42 when viewed in plan, and a planted layer 53 in the form of a sheet or mat, , A plurality of planting panels 5 made of a soil layer, which is artificial soil provided below the planting layer 53, are laid on the inclined roof surface 2 of the building 1 on the rail portion 3,
A plurality of water supply ports 55a for supplying water to the planting layer 53 are formed on the bottom upper surface in the tilt direction of the second frame 52, and the planting panel 5 is formed on the bottom bottom surface in the tilt direction of the second frame 52. A drainage port 52b communicating with the rail portion 3 provided with a drainage mechanism (for example, the groove portion 31) for discharging the drainage in the outside is formed,
A ventilation layer 7 is provided between the roof surface 2 and the lower surfaces of the solar cell panel 4 and the planting panel 5,
The ventilation layer 7 is provided with a water supply pipe 6 that leads to the water supply port 55a .

請求項１の発明によれば、太陽電池パネル４と、この太陽電池パネル４の第１の枠４２と平面形状が同寸法の第２の枠５２内に植栽層５３が設けられてなる植栽パネル５とが、建物１の屋根面２に複数敷設されているので、太陽電池パネル４によって太陽光を電気（電力）に変換することができ、建物１で消費する電力を賄うことができるため、電力の自給自足を行うことができる。また、植栽パネル５によって建物１の緑化を図れ、居住者に安らぎを与えたり、夏季には太陽熱を遮断して建物１内部の温度上昇を抑え、冬季には建物１内部から逃げる熱を押さえて、冷暖房に要するエネルギーを削減することができ、都市部の温暖化の防止対策とすることができる。このように、屋根面２を有効に使用して太陽光発電を効率良く行い、また、緑化の増大を図ることができ環境問題の観点から非常に優れる。
また、本発明では、第１の枠４２と第２の枠５２との平面形状が同寸法であり、これら両枠４２、５２をそれぞれ有する太陽電池パネル４と植栽パネル５とがそれぞれ組み合わされて複数敷設されているので、これら両パネル４、５を自在に組み合わせて、例えば、太陽光を取り込み易い位置に適宜パネル４、５を配置するなど、容易に所望の屋根構造とすることができる。また、両パネル４、５の組み合わせによって美観に非常に優れた建物１とすることができる。 According to invention of Claim 1, the planting layer 53 is provided in the solar cell panel 4 and the 1st frame 42 of this solar cell panel 4, and the 2nd frame 52 of planar dimensions is the same dimension. Since a plurality of planting panels 5 are laid on the roof surface 2 of the building 1, the solar cell panel 4 can convert sunlight into electricity (electric power) and can cover the power consumed by the building 1. Therefore, self-sufficiency of electric power can be performed. In addition, the planting panel 5 can be used to green the building 1 to give residents peace of mind, to block the solar heat in summer and to suppress the temperature rise inside the building 1, and to suppress the heat escaping from the building 1 in winter. Thus, the energy required for air conditioning can be reduced, and it can be a measure for preventing urban warming. As described above, the roof surface 2 is effectively used to efficiently perform photovoltaic power generation, and can increase greening, which is extremely excellent from the viewpoint of environmental problems.
Moreover, in this invention, the planar shape of the 1st frame 42 and the 2nd frame 52 is the same dimension, and the solar cell panel 4 and the planting panel 5 which have these both frames 42 and 52, respectively are combined. Therefore, it is possible to easily obtain a desired roof structure by freely combining these panels 4 and 5 and appropriately arranging the panels 4 and 5 at positions where it is easy to take in sunlight, for example. . Moreover, it can be set as the building 1 excellent in the beauty | look by the combination of both panels 4 and 5. FIG.

また、太陽電池パネル４と植栽パネル５とは、屋根面２に設置されたレール部３上に敷設されているので、レール部３上に沿って各パネル４、５を敷設することで簡易に施工でき、見栄えも良い。
さらに、レール部３に備えられた排水機構（溝部３１）によって、植栽パネル５で排出された排水が溜まることなく外部へとスムーズに排出される。
また、屋根面２と、太陽電池パネル４及び植栽パネル５の下面との間には通気層７が設けられているので、通気性に優れ、むれたりすることなく植物が良好に育つ。
また、通気層７に、給水口５５aに通じる給水管６が設けられているので、通気層７を有効に利用することができるとともに、給水管６によって植栽層５３の植物に給水することができ効率が良い。また、給水管６が外側から見えることもないので見栄えも良い。 Moreover, since the solar cell panel 4 and the planting panel 5 are laid on the rail part 3 installed in the roof surface 2, it is simple by laying each panel 4, 5 along the rail part 3. It can be installed and looks good.
Further, the drainage mechanism (groove portion 31) provided in the rail portion 3 allows the drainage discharged from the planting panel 5 to be smoothly discharged to the outside without accumulating.
Moreover, since the ventilation layer 7 is provided between the roof surface 2 and the lower surface of the solar cell panel 4 and the planting panel 5, it is excellent in air permeability and a plant grows well without being peeled.
In addition, since the water supply pipe 6 leading to the water supply port 55a is provided in the ventilation layer 7, the ventilation layer 7 can be used effectively, and water can be supplied to the plant of the planting layer 53 through the water supply pipe 6. Can be efficient. Moreover, since the water supply pipe 6 is not visible from the outside, it looks good.

請求項２の発明は、例えば、図１〜図３に示すように、請求項１に記載の屋根構造において、
前記第２の枠５２の底面から上端面までの高さＨは、前記第１の枠４２の底面から上端面までの高さｈよりも高いことを特徴とする。 A second aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in roof construction according to claim 1,
A height H from the bottom surface to the upper end surface of the second frame 52 is higher than a height h from the bottom surface to the upper end surface of the first frame 42.

請求項２の発明によれば、植栽パネル５の第２の枠５２の底面から上端面までの高さＨは、太陽電池パネル４の第１の枠４２の底面から上端面までの高さｈよりも高いので、第２の枠５２内に設ける植栽用の土壌層５４等を厚くすることができ、その分、大型の植物等を植えることができる。 According to invention of Claim 2 , the height H from the bottom face of the 2nd frame 52 of the planting panel 5 to an upper end surface is the height from the bottom face of the 1st frame 42 of the solar cell panel 4 to an upper end surface. Since it is higher than h, the soil layer 54 for planting provided in the second frame 52 can be thickened, and a large plant or the like can be planted accordingly.

請求項３の発明は、例えば、図１〜図３に示すように、請求項１又は２に記載の屋根構造において、
前記第２の枠５２の底面には、該底面から突出する複数のリブ部５２aが形成されてい
ることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 3 is the roof structure according to claim 1 or 2 , as shown in FIGS.
The bottom surface of the second frame 52 is formed with a plurality of rib portions 52a protruding from the bottom surface.

請求項３の発明によれば、第２の枠５２の底面には、該底面から突出する複数のリブ部５２aが形成されているので、これら複数のリブ部５２aによって植栽層５３が支持されて、第２の枠５２内でずり落ちることなく確実に保持することができる。 According to invention of Claim 3 , since the some rib part 52a which protrudes from this bottom face is formed in the bottom face of the 2nd frame 52, the planting layer 53 is supported by these some rib parts 52a. Thus, the second frame 52 can be securely held without sliding down.

本発明に係る屋根構造によれば、第１の枠を有する太陽電池パネルと、第１の枠と平面形状が同寸法の第２の枠を有する植栽パネルとが、建物の屋根面に複数敷設されているので、太陽光発電を効率良く行うことができるとともに緑化の増大を図ることができる。
また、太陽電池パネルと植栽パネルとを自在に組み合わせて敷設することによって、容易に所望の屋根構造とすることができ、美観にも非常に優れた建物とすることが可能となる。 According to the roof structure according to the present invention, a plurality of solar cell panels having a first frame and planting panels having a second frame having the same dimensions as those of the first frame are formed on the roof surface of the building. Since it is laid, solar power generation can be performed efficiently and greening can be increased.
Moreover, by laying a solar cell panel and a planting panel in any combination, it is possible to easily obtain a desired roof structure and to make a building that is very excellent in aesthetics.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図１〜図４を参照して説明する。
図１は、本発明に係る屋根構造を備えた建物の斜視図、図２は、屋根構造の要部を示したもので、太陽電池パネルと植栽パネルとがレール部に敷設された状態における斜視図（なお、植栽パネルにおいては植栽層の図示を省略した）、図３は、横方向において太陽電池パネルと植栽パネルとがレール部に敷設された状態における横断面図、図４(a)は、図
３において植栽層と太陽光発電モジュールを省略した横断面図、図４(b)は、(a)の変形例を示している。
図１〜図３に示すように、建物１の傾斜した屋根面２に、上下に沿って延在するレール部３が横方向に複数所定間隔で設置されている。そして、これらレール部３上に太陽電池パネル４と植栽パネル５とがそれぞれ組み合わされて複数敷設されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a building having a roof structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a main part of the roof structure in a state where a solar cell panel and a planting panel are laid on a rail portion. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in a state in which the solar cell panel and the planting panel are laid on the rail portion in the lateral direction, FIG. (a) is the cross-sectional view which abbreviate | omitted the planting layer and the photovoltaic power generation module in FIG. 3, FIG.4 (b) has shown the modification of (a).
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a plurality of rail portions 3 extending in the vertical direction are installed on the inclined roof surface 2 of the building 1 at predetermined intervals in the lateral direction. A plurality of solar cell panels 4 and planting panels 5 are combined and laid on the rail portions 3.

レール部３は、その上面に長手方向に沿って後述する太陽電池パネル４及び植栽パネル５の脚部４１、５１が嵌め込まれる溝部３１が形成されている。この溝部３１は、後述するが植栽パネル５から排出される排水を外部へと排出するための排水機構の作用も兼ねている。   The rail part 3 is formed with a groove part 31 into which the leg parts 41 and 51 of the solar cell panel 4 and the planting panel 5 described later are fitted along the longitudinal direction on the upper surface thereof. Although described later, the groove 31 also serves as a drainage mechanism for discharging drainage discharged from the planting panel 5 to the outside.

太陽電池パネル４は、上面が開口した箱状の第１の枠４２内に、太陽光で発電する平板状の太陽電池を強化ガラスでラミネートし耐候性を持たせた太陽光発電モジュール４３が設けられてなるものである。
また、第１の枠４２の下面の両側縁部には、レール部３の溝部３１内に嵌め込まれる脚部４１がそれぞれ形成されている。
この第１の枠４２や脚部４１の材質としては、例えばアルミニウム製や樹脂製等が挙げられる。
なお、このような太陽電池パネル４から出力された電気は、図示しない接続器であるターミナルボックスにまとめられて、このターミナルボックスでまとめられた電気はインバータで直流から交流に変換され、これによって太陽光が電気に変換されて利用されるようになっている。 The solar cell panel 4 is provided with a solar power generation module 43 in which a flat plate solar cell that generates power by sunlight is laminated with tempered glass to provide weather resistance in a box-shaped first frame 42 whose upper surface is opened. It is made.
Further, leg portions 41 that are fitted into the groove portions 31 of the rail portion 3 are respectively formed on both side edge portions of the lower surface of the first frame 42.
Examples of the material of the first frame 42 and the leg portion 41 include aluminum and resin.
The electricity output from the solar cell panel 4 is collected in a terminal box which is a connector (not shown), and the electricity collected in the terminal box is converted from direct current to alternating current by an inverter. Light is converted into electricity for use.

植栽パネル５は、平面視した際に、太陽電池パネル４の第１の枠４２と同形状で同じ大きさをなした第２の枠５２内に緑化植物が植栽された植栽層５３や、植栽層５３の下方に緑化植物に水や養分を供給するための培養土等からなる土壌層５４等が設けられてなるものである。
第２の枠５２は、第１の枠４２と同様に上面が開口した箱状をなしており、その底面には横方向に沿って延在し、底面から上方に突出する複数のリブ部５２aが形成されている
。これらリブ部５２aは、その長手方向略中央で凸となるように湾曲している。
また、第２の枠５２の底面から第２の枠５２の上端面までの高さＨは、第１の枠４２の底面から第１の枠４２の上端面までの高さｈよりも高く形成されている。すなわち、第２の枠５２の上部は内側に若干内側に凹んだ形状となっており、レール部３に各パネル４、５を設置した際に、植栽パネル５の上端面が太陽電池パネル４の上端面より上方に突出するようになっている。
また、第２の枠５２の下面の両側縁部にも、第１の枠４２と同様にレール部３の溝部３１内に嵌め込まれる脚部５１がそれぞれ形成されている。そして、これら第２の枠５２や脚部５１の材質としては、第１の枠４２と同様に例えばアルミニウム製や樹脂製等が挙げられる。
また、この第２の枠５２の傾斜方向上側底面、すなわち、最上部に位置するリブ部５２aの上側には、後述する給水管６に接続される給水枝管５５が設けられている。この給水枝管５５には、複数の給水口５５aが給水枝管５５の長手方向に沿って所定間隔に形成されている
。そして、これら給水口５５aから水が噴出されて植栽層５３に給水されるようになって
いる。
また、第２の枠５２の傾斜方向下側底面のコーナー部には、レール部３の溝部３１内に通じる排水口５２bが形成されている。 The planting panel 5 is a planting layer 53 in which a greening plant is planted in a second frame 52 having the same shape and the same size as the first frame 42 of the solar cell panel 4 when viewed in plan. In addition, a soil layer 54 or the like made of culture soil or the like for supplying water or nutrients to the greening plant is provided below the planting layer 53.
Similar to the first frame 42, the second frame 52 has a box shape with an open top surface. The bottom surface of the second frame 52 extends in the horizontal direction and protrudes upward from the bottom surface. Is formed. The rib portions 52a are curved so as to be convex at the approximate center in the longitudinal direction.
Further, the height H from the bottom surface of the second frame 52 to the upper end surface of the second frame 52 is formed higher than the height h from the bottom surface of the first frame 42 to the upper end surface of the first frame 42. Has been. That is, the upper part of the second frame 52 has a shape that is slightly recessed inwardly, and when the panels 4 and 5 are installed on the rail portion 3, the upper end surface of the planting panel 5 is the solar cell panel 4. It protrudes upwards from the upper end surface.
In addition, leg portions 51 that are fitted into the groove portions 31 of the rail portion 3 are formed on both side edge portions of the lower surface of the second frame 52, similarly to the first frame 42. And as a material of these 2nd frames 52 and leg parts 51, the product made from aluminum, resin, etc. are mentioned like the 1st frame 42, for example.
Further, a water supply branch pipe 55 connected to a water supply pipe 6 to be described later is provided on the bottom surface in the inclination direction of the second frame 52, that is, on the upper side of the rib part 52a located at the uppermost part. In this water supply branch pipe 55, a plurality of water supply ports 55 a are formed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the water supply branch pipe 55. Then, water is ejected from these water supply ports 55 a and supplied to the planting layer 53.
In addition, a drain port 52 b that communicates with the groove portion 31 of the rail portion 3 is formed at the corner portion of the bottom surface on the lower side in the inclination direction of the second frame 52.

植栽層５３は、建物１の立地条件や緑化の目的に応じて適宜選定された緑化植物が植栽された、例えばシート状もしくはマット状のもの等が挙げられる。大型の植物も植栽可能である。
土壌層５４は、水持ちが良く養分を十分供給可能な材料からなり、自然培土であっても良いし、人工培土であっても構わない。特に、人工培土とした場合は自然培土よりも軽量であるので、建物１の屋根に植栽パネル５として使用する場合に好適なものとなる。また、殺菌が少なく害虫の発生もより少なくなる。人工培土の具体例としては、ピートモス、バーミュキュライト等を混合して形成した配合培土や、水で膨潤する水溶性シートあるいは高吸水性高分子等が挙げられる。
このような土壌層５４の下層に、図示しないが、植物を育成させるために必要な水を保持するために、例えば、０．２〜０．３ｍｍの通過空隙を有する編み目構造の成形体、厚さ２０〜１００μｍの合成高分子又は天然物の繊維質成形体等からなるものを設けても良い。
また、その他に、植栽パネル５の下面に水を侵入させないために防水性を有する防水シート等を設けたリ、通水性を有し植物の根は通さない材質からなる不織布等を設けても良い。この不織布等によって植物の根が植栽パネル５の底面にまで成長して植栽パネル５を傷めるといった不具合を防止できる。 The planting layer 53 includes, for example, a sheet-like or mat-like one in which a greening plant appropriately selected according to the location conditions of the building 1 and the purpose of greening is planted. Large plants can also be planted.
The soil layer 54 is made of a material that has sufficient water retention and can sufficiently supply nutrients, and may be natural soil or artificial soil. In particular, since artificial soil is lighter than natural soil, it is suitable for use as a planting panel 5 on the roof of the building 1. In addition, there is less sterilization and fewer pests are generated. Specific examples of the artificial soil include a blended soil formed by mixing peat moss, vermiculite, and the like, a water-soluble sheet that swells with water, or a superabsorbent polymer.
Although not shown in the lower layer of the soil layer 54, in order to retain water necessary for growing the plant, for example, a shaped body having a stitch structure having a passage gap of 0.2 to 0.3 mm, a thickness You may provide what consists of a synthetic | combination polymer | macromolecule of 20-100 micrometers in length, or a fibrous molded object of a natural product.
In addition, a non-woven fabric made of a material that has water permeability and does not allow plant roots to pass therethrough may be provided in order to prevent water from entering the lower surface of the planting panel 5. good. With this nonwoven fabric or the like, it is possible to prevent the plant roots from growing to the bottom surface of the planting panel 5 and damaging the planting panel 5.

また、上述のようなレール部３の溝部３１内に、太陽電池パネル４の脚部４１及び植栽パネル５の脚部５１が嵌め込まれることによりレール部３上に各パネル４、５が設置され、これによって屋根面２と、太陽電池パネル４の下面及び植栽パネル５の下面との間には通気層７が形成されている。
そして、この通気層７に、植栽パネル５の植栽層５３に通じる給水管６が配置されている。給水管６は、植栽パネル５の下面側から底面を貫通するとともに植栽パネル５の上側底面に設けられた給水枝管５５に接続されている。また、各植栽パネル５の給水枝管５５に接続された複数の給水管６は、１つの給水本管（図示略）に接続されたうえで給水源（図示略）に接続されている。 Moreover, each panel 4 and 5 is installed on the rail part 3 by fitting the leg part 41 of the solar cell panel 4 and the leg part 51 of the planting panel 5 in the groove part 31 of the above-mentioned rail part 3. As shown in FIG. Thus, a ventilation layer 7 is formed between the roof surface 2 and the lower surface of the solar cell panel 4 and the lower surface of the planting panel 5.
And in this ventilation layer 7, the water supply pipe 6 which leads to the planting layer 53 of the planting panel 5 is arrange | positioned. The water supply pipe 6 penetrates the bottom surface from the lower surface side of the planting panel 5 and is connected to a water supply branch pipe 55 provided on the upper bottom surface of the planting panel 5. The plurality of water supply pipes 6 connected to the water supply branch pipe 55 of each planting panel 5 are connected to one water supply main pipe (not shown) and then connected to a water supply source (not shown).

次に、屋根面２に太陽電池パネル４及び植栽パネル５を設置する手順とともに、上述の構成からなる屋根構造における作用について説明する。
図１〜図３に示すように、まず、屋根面２の横方向に所定間隔で複数のレール部３を、例えばビスやネジ等の止着材（図示略）により止着して設置する。次いで、レール部３の溝部３１内に太陽電池パネル４及び植栽パネル５の各脚部４１、５１を嵌め込むとともにスライドさせて所定の位置に配置し、ビスやネジ等の止着材（図示略）で固定する。
このようにして屋根面２全体に設置された太陽電池パネル４では、太陽光が電力に変換されて建物１内の冷暖房機器、電化製品等の電力として使用される。一方、植栽パネル５では、給水管６から給水された水が給水枝管５５を介して植栽層５３の緑化植物に噴出される。そして、排出される排水は、底面のリブ部５２aに沿って第２の枠５２の両側へと流れて排水口５２bを介してレール部３の溝部３１内へと流れて外部へと排出される。 Next, an operation in the roof structure having the above-described configuration will be described together with a procedure for installing the solar cell panel 4 and the planting panel 5 on the roof surface 2.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, first, a plurality of rail portions 3 are fixedly installed at predetermined intervals in the lateral direction of the roof surface 2 with fixing materials (not shown) such as screws and screws. Next, the leg portions 41 and 51 of the solar cell panel 4 and the planting panel 5 are fitted in the groove portion 31 of the rail portion 3 and are slid and arranged at predetermined positions, and fastening materials such as screws and screws (illustrated). (Omitted).
In the solar cell panel 4 installed on the entire roof surface 2 in this way, sunlight is converted into electric power and used as electric power for air conditioning equipment, electrical appliances, etc. in the building 1. On the other hand, in the planting panel 5, water supplied from the water supply pipe 6 is ejected to the greening plant of the planting layer 53 through the water supply branch pipe 55. The discharged waste water flows along the rib portion 52a on the bottom surface to both sides of the second frame 52, flows into the groove portion 31 of the rail portion 3 through the drain port 52b, and is discharged to the outside. .

以上、本発明の実施の形態の屋根構造によれば、第１の枠４２を有する太陽電池パネル４と、平面視した際に、第１の枠４２と同形状で同じ大きさをなした第２の枠５２を有する植栽パネル５とが、建物１の屋根面２に複数敷設されているので、屋根面２を有効に使用して太陽光発電を効率よく行うことができるとともに、緑化の増大を図ることができ環境問題の観点から非常に優れる。
また、第１の枠４２と第２の枠５２とが平面視した際に、同形状で同じ大きさをなしているので、これら両枠４２、５２をそれぞれ有する太陽電池パネル４と植栽パネル５とをそれぞれ自在に組み合わせることによって、容易に所望の屋根構造とすることができる。また、美観に非常に優れた建物１とすることができる。
太陽電池パネル４と植栽パネル５とは、屋根面２に設置されたレール部３上に敷設されているので、レール部３上に沿って各パネル４、５を敷設することで簡易に施工でき、この点においても見栄えが良くなる。
植栽パネル５の第２の枠５２の底面から上端面までの高さＨは、太陽電池パネル４の第１の枠４２の底面から上端面までの高さｈよりも高いので、第２の枠５２内に設ける植栽用の土壌層５４等を厚くすることができ、その分、大型の植物等を植えることができる。
レール部３には、溝部３１である排水機構が設けられているので、植栽パネル５で排出された排水を外部へとスムーズに排出できる。
また、第２の枠５２の底面には複数のリブ部５２aが形成されているので、これら複数
のリブ部５２aによって植栽層５３が支持されて第２の枠５２内で確実に保持することが
できる。さらに、リブ部５２aは、その長手方向略中央で凸となるように湾曲しているの
で、横方向に沿って水平な場合に比べて、リブ部５２aに沿って第２の枠５２の両側に水
を流すことができ排水し易い。
屋根面２と、太陽電池パネル４及び植栽パネル５の下面との間には通気層７が設けられているので、通気性に優れ、むれたりすることなく植物が良好に育つ。
通気層７に、植栽層５に通じる給水管６が設けられているので、通気層７を有効に利用することができるとともに植物に給水することができ効率が良い。また、給水管６が外側から見えることもない。 As described above, according to the roof structure of the embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell panel 4 having the first frame 42 and the first frame 42 having the same shape and the same size as the first frame 42 when viewed in plan . Since a plurality of planting panels 5 having two frames 52 are laid on the roof surface 2 of the building 1, solar power generation can be efficiently performed using the roof surface 2 effectively, and greening It can be increased and is very excellent from the viewpoint of environmental problems.
Moreover, when the 1st frame 42 and the 2nd frame 52 planarly view, since the same shape and the same magnitude | size are comprised, the solar cell panel 4 and planting panel which have these both frames 42 and 52, respectively 5 can be combined freely, so that a desired roof structure can be easily obtained. Moreover, it can be set as the building 1 which was very excellent in the beauty | look.
Since the solar cell panel 4 and the planting panel 5 are laid on the rail part 3 installed on the roof surface 2, it is simply constructed by laying the panels 4 and 5 along the rail part 3. Yes, and it looks good in this respect.
Since the height H from the bottom surface of the second frame 52 of the planting panel 5 to the upper end surface is higher than the height h from the bottom surface of the first frame 42 of the solar cell panel 4 to the upper end surface, the second The soil layer 54 for planting provided in the frame 52 can be thickened, and a large plant or the like can be planted accordingly.
Since the rail part 3 is provided with the drainage mechanism which is the groove part 31, the drainage discharged | emitted by the planting panel 5 can be discharged | emitted smoothly outside.
In addition, since the plurality of rib portions 52 a are formed on the bottom surface of the second frame 52, the planting layer 53 is supported by the plurality of rib portions 52 a and is securely held in the second frame 52. Can do. Further, since the rib portion 52a is curved so as to be convex at the center in the longitudinal direction, compared to a case where the rib portion 52a is horizontal along the lateral direction, the rib portion 52a is formed on both sides of the second frame 52 along the rib portion 52a. Water can flow and it is easy to drain.
Since the ventilation layer 7 is provided between the roof surface 2 and the lower surface of the solar cell panel 4 and the planting panel 5, it is excellent in air permeability, and a plant grows well without being peeled.
Since the water supply pipe 6 leading to the planting layer 5 is provided in the ventilation layer 7, the ventilation layer 7 can be used effectively and water can be supplied to the plant, which is efficient. Further, the water supply pipe 6 is not visible from the outside.

なお、本発明は上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更可能なものとする。
例えば、上記実施の形態において、植栽パネル５の第２の枠５２の底面から上端面までの高さＨを、太陽電池パネル４の第１の枠４２の底面から上端面までの高さｈよりも高くする構成として、レール部３に各パネル４、５を設置した際に、植栽パネル５の上端面が太陽電池パネル４の上端面より上方に突出する構成としたが、これに限らず図４(b)に示すように、植栽パネル５Ａの底面が通気層７側（下側）に凸となる構成としても構わない。なお、図中、上述の実施の形態と同様の構成部分については同様の符号を付した。
また、上記実施の形態では、植栽パネル５の高さＨが太陽電池パネル４の高さｈに比べて高くなる構成としたが、植栽パネル５の高さＨと太陽電池パネル４の高さｈとを略等しくしても良い。このように植栽パネル５と太陽電池パネル４の高さＨ、ｈを略等しくすることによって、見栄えが良くなるという効果を得ることができる。
また、リブ部５２aは、その長手方向略中央で凸となるように湾曲した形状に限らず、横方向に水平に延在した形状であっても良く、植栽層５３を支持できる形状であれば適宜変更可能である。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It shall change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the summary.
For example, in the said embodiment, height H from the bottom face of the 2nd frame 52 of the planting panel 5 to an upper end surface is set to height h from the bottom face of the 1st frame 42 of the solar cell panel 4 to an upper end face. As a configuration that is higher than the upper end surface of the solar cell panel 4, the upper end surface of the planting panel 5 protrudes upward from the upper end surface of the planting panel 5 when the panels 4 and 5 are installed on the rail portion 3. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the bottom surface of the planting panel 5 </ b> A may be configured to protrude toward the air-permeable layer 7 (lower side). In addition, in the figure, the same code | symbol was attached | subjected about the component similar to the above-mentioned embodiment.
In the above embodiment, the height H of the planting panel 5 is higher than the height h of the solar cell panel 4, but the height H of the planting panel 5 and the height of the solar cell panel 4 are the same. The length h may be substantially equal. Thus, by making the heights H and h of the planting panel 5 and the solar cell panel 4 substantially equal, an effect of improving the appearance can be obtained.
Further, the rib portion 52a is not limited to a shape that is curved so as to be convex at the center in the longitudinal direction, but may be a shape that extends horizontally in the lateral direction, and may be a shape that can support the planting layer 53. If necessary, it can be changed as appropriate.

本発明の実施の形態を示すためのもので、屋根構造を備えた建物の斜視図である。It is for demonstrating embodiment of this invention, and is a perspective view of the building provided with the roof structure. 同、太陽電池パネルと植栽パネルとがレール部に敷設された状態における斜視図である。It is a perspective view in the state where the solar cell panel and the planting panel were laid in the rail part. 同、横方向において太陽電池パネルと植栽パネルとがレール部に敷設された状態における横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view in the state by which the solar cell panel and the planting panel were laid in the rail part in the horizontal direction. 同、(a)は図３において植栽層と太陽光発電モジュールとを省略した横断面図、(b)は(a)の変形例を示している。3A is a cross-sectional view in which the planting layer and the photovoltaic power generation module are omitted in FIG. 3, and FIG. 3B shows a modification of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 建物
２ 屋根面
３ レール部
４ 太陽電池パネル
５ 植栽パネル
６ 給水管
７ 通気層
３１ 溝部（排水機構）
４２ 第１の枠
４３ 太陽光発電モジュール（太陽電池）
５２ 第２の枠
５２a リブ部
５３ 植栽層
Ｈ、ｈ 高さ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 2 Roof surface 3 Rail part 4 Solar cell panel 5 Planting panel 6 Water supply pipe 7 Ventilation layer 31 Groove part (drainage mechanism)
42 1st frame 43 Solar power generation module (solar cell)
52 Second frame 52a Rib portion 53 Planting layer H, h Height

Claims (3)

第１の枠内に太陽電池が設けられてなる太陽電池パネルと、
平面視した際に、前記第１の枠と同形状で同じ大きさをなした第２の枠内に緑化植物が植栽されてシート状もしくはマット状の植栽層と、前記植栽層の下方に設けられた人工培土である土壌層からなる植栽パネルとが、建物の傾斜した屋根面に設置されたレール部上に複数敷設されており、
前記第２の枠の傾斜方向上側底面に、前記植栽層に給水される複数の給水口が形成され、前記第２の枠の傾斜方向下側底面に、前記植栽パネルにおける排水を外部へ排出するための排水機構を備えた前記レール部に通じる排水口が形成され、
前記屋根面と、前記太陽電池パネル及び前記植栽パネルの下面との間には通気層が設けられており、
前記通気層に、前記給水口に通じる給水管が設けられていることを特徴とする屋根構造。 A solar cell panel in which a solar cell is provided in the first frame;
When seen in a plan view, a planting layer in the form of a sheet or mat is planted in a second frame having the same shape and the same size as the first frame, and the planting layer A plurality of planting panels composed of soil layers, which are artificial soils provided below, are laid on the rails installed on the inclined roof surface of the building,
The inclination direction above the bottom surface of the second frame, the planting plurality of water inlet being water is formed in栽層, the inclined direction lower side bottom surface of the second frame, the drainage in the planting panel to the outside A drain opening leading to the rail portion having a drainage mechanism for discharging is formed ,
A ventilation layer is provided between the roof surface and the lower surface of the solar cell panel and the planting panel,
A roof structure , wherein a water supply pipe leading to the water supply port is provided in the ventilation layer . 請求項１に記載の屋根構造において、
前記第２の枠の底面から上端面までの高さは、前記第１の枠の底面から上端面までの高さよりも高いことを特徴とする屋根構造。 The roof structure according to claim 1,
The roof structure characterized in that the height from the bottom surface to the upper end surface of the second frame is higher than the height from the bottom surface to the upper end surface of the first frame. 請求項１又は２に記載の屋根構造において、
前記第２の枠の底面には、該底面から突出する複数のリブ部が形成されていることを特徴とする屋根構造。 In the roof structure according to claim 1 or 2,
A roof structure, wherein a plurality of ribs projecting from the bottom surface are formed on the bottom surface of the second frame.
JP2004099603A 2004-03-30 2004-03-30 Roof structure Expired - Fee Related JP4137833B2 (en)

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JP5360558B2 (en) * 2009-04-24 2013-12-04 株式会社 林物産発明研究所 Greening of the back side of the solar panel
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CN104179302B (en) * 2014-08-14 2016-08-17 同济大学 A kind of flap type solaode and roof greening coupling unit
CN105007026A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-10-28 杨志钿 Green land distributed photovoltaic power generation system
CN113513129B (en) * 2021-07-06 2022-07-29 湖南省赛尔建筑科技有限责任公司 Energy-conserving roofing structure of green building
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