JP4128041B2 - Cement-based low dust solidifying material excellent in powder flowability and supply system of the solidifying material - Google Patents
Cement-based low dust solidifying material excellent in powder flowability and supply system of the solidifying material Download PDFInfo
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- JP4128041B2 JP4128041B2 JP2002210644A JP2002210644A JP4128041B2 JP 4128041 B2 JP4128041 B2 JP 4128041B2 JP 2002210644 A JP2002210644 A JP 2002210644A JP 2002210644 A JP2002210644 A JP 2002210644A JP 4128041 B2 JP4128041 B2 JP 4128041B2
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、地盤改良等に使用される、セメント系固化材に関する。具体的には、発塵性が抑制され、粉体流動性も優れたセメント系固化材に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
セメント系固化材による浅層地盤改良では、通常、固化材をフレコンで供給するが、この場合、供給側、ユーザー側ともにフレコン関連費用（処理費も含む）がかかる。フレコンを使用しない方法として、ジェットパック（以下ＪＰと称す）車で輸送し、スプレッダー等で散布することも行なわれているが、やはりスプレッダーによる撒布費用がかかるため、その適用は、大規模工事に限られている。
理想的な固化材供給方法としてはＪＰ車等の輸送・圧送機能をもった装置を活用して、そのまま固化材を散布する方法があるが、これらの固化材は微粉体で構成されていることから、撒布時に多量の発塵が起こるという問題がある。また、混合処理作業中においても、空気中に飛散し、作業環境の悪化を招くだけでなく、作業現場近隣の構築物や植物上に堆積したり、時には民家まで侵入し、迷惑を及ぼす場合がある。これを回避する方法として、発塵抑制型固化材を使用する方法が在るが、従来の発塵抑制型固化材を使用すると、コストアップになる他、粉体流動性が悪いため、ＪＰ車等からの直接散布ができないという状況にある。
すなわち、フレコンを使用しない供給方式に適し、且つ、混合処理作業中に発塵が少ない固化材であるためには、低発塵かつ粉体流動性が高いことが必須条件であるが、従来品では両者の性質は相反するものであり、両特性を備えた固化材は存在していなかった。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、低発塵性は勿論のこと、ＪＰ車等の使用に適した粉体流動性も具備する固化材の提供及び、フレコンを使用しないで該固化材を現場に供給するシステムの提供を目的とするものである。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、このような課題を解決するべく鋭意検討した結果、セメント系固化材に、水、凝結遅延剤、更に必要に応じて滑剤、界面活性剤を添加してなり、粉体流動性指数で２０以上、且つ、落下式発塵試験による平均発塵量が０．１ｍｇ／ｍ3以下の固化材がＪＰ車等で圧送可能で、且つ、現場撒布時や固化材混合処理時に問題とならない作業性を有することから、フレコンを使用しない固化材の供給が可能であることを見出して本発明を完成した。
すなわち本発明は、セメント系固化材１００質量部、水１〜３質量％、凝結遅延剤０．０５〜０．２質量％、滑剤０〜０．５質量％、界面活性剤０〜０．５質量％より成り、粉体流動性指数で２０以上、且つ、落下式発塵試験による発塵量が０．１ｍｇ／ｍ3以下である粉体流動性に優れたセメント系低発塵固化材に関する。
又、本発明は、上記発明のセメント系低発塵固化材を、空気圧送及び機械圧送から選ばれるどちらか一種の車載型圧送装置により施工現場まで輸送し、直接散布することを特徴とする、フレコンを使用しない固化材の供給システムに関する。
以下に、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明で使用されるセメント系固化材は、セメントにせっこう、高炉スラグ、生石灰や消石灰等を添加して混合したものである。特に、普通セメント２０〜６０質量％、高炉スラグ３０〜７０質量％、無水せっこう５〜２０質量％よりなる固化材は遅延剤の効果が長く持続し、可使時間が長くなるため有利である。
本発明では、最も安価かつ安全な発塵抑制剤として、水を使用する。水の添加量はセメント系固化材当たり１〜３質量％とする。水の量が１質量％より少ないと、十分な発塵抑制効果が発現しないかあるいは、発塵抑制時間が非実用的なレベルにまで低下する。一方、３質量％より大であると、粉体流動性の低下が大きくなりすぎる。
【０００６】
固化材の可使時間は、固化材製造から現場撒布まで、生コン事業と同様に最低３時間程度が必要となることから、水の添加に伴うセメントの水和を抑え、発塵抑制効果を長期間持続させるため、凝結遅延剤を添加する。凝結遅延剤には、固化材の初期水和を適度に調整し、粉体流動性を向上させる効果もあり、遅延剤の種類、水および遅延剤の添加量を適正化することで、長時間の可使時間を有する、粉体流動性に優れた低発塵固化材をつくることができる。
凝結遅延剤の添加量は、０．０５〜０．２質量％とする。量が少ないと、遅延効果が十分に発現せず、多すぎると逆に水和が速くなり十分な可使時間の確保が困難となるだけでなく、不経済である。該凝結遅延剤の添加で、水硬性の面では最長１０時間の可使時間を確保できる。
尚、本発明において可使時間とは、後述の実施例に示す落下式発塵試験による平均発塵量が０．１ｍｇ／ｍ3以下を持続できる時間を意味しており、この発塵量は通常の汎用セメント系固化材の約１／１０であり、実質的に現場での作業性に支障がないレベルである。
【０００７】
凝結遅延剤としてはグルコン酸、グルコン酸ナトリウム、クエン酸、デキストリン等の使用が好ましい。少量添加で効果があるからである。
本発明の固化材は、セメント系固化材粉末に、所定量の水および凝結遅延剤を添加・混合して調製され、水と凝結遅延剤の添加方法は、特に制限されないが、水全量の１／３〜２／３量を添加・混合した後、残りの水と凝結遅延剤を添加することにより、同一水量、同一凝結遅延剤量であれば、水を分割添加しなかった場合に比較して、遅延剤の効果を数時間伸ばすことも可能となる。これは、最初に添加された水によりセメントが予備水和することで、セメント化合物への遅延剤の過剰な吸着が抑制されるためであると考えられる。
【０００８】
また、ステアリン酸カルシウムやホワイトカーボン等の滑剤や、陰イオン系、非イオン系等の界面活性剤は、粉体流動性の改良効果を有することから、凝結遅延剤と併用することが好ましい。
陰イオン系としては、ラウリル硫酸塩系、アルキル硫酸塩系、非イオン系としてはポリエオキシエチレン・フェニルエーテル系、ポリエオキシエチレン・ポリオキシプロピレン・グリコール系等が好適に使用できる。
滑剤や界面活性剤の添加量は、多すぎると、発塵量が増加するため、セメント系固化材当たり０．５質量％以下とする。
【０００９】
本発明の固化材は、従来公知の固化材同様、粉体状態で、処理対象物に添加混合して使用することができる。
発塵が抑制されていることから、車載型空気圧送、もしくは車載型機械圧送装置で現場まで輸送し、直接散布する方法が採用できる。車載型空気圧送装置の最も好適な例として、固化材圧送距離の大きなＪＰ車を挙げることができるが、このほか生コンアジテーターミキサー車等を使用しても構わない。これらの装置は粉体の流動性指数が２０以上、好ましくは３０以上であれば問題なく取扱うことができるものである。
以下では、具体例を示し、本発明を更に詳しく説明する。
【００１０】
【実施例】
（１）固化材
セメント系固化材は、宇部三菱セメント製の一般軟弱土用固化材および高炉セメント９２重量部にフッ酸無水せっこうを８重量部混合した試製固化材を使用した。遅延剤は、グルコン酸(試薬特級)、クエン酸(試薬特級)、グルコン酸ナトリウム（試薬特級）日本コーンスターチ（株）製のデキストリン(ＨＩＤＥＸ９０)を用いた。水は水道水を使用した。
セメント系固化材に所定量の水に遅延剤を溶解した水溶液を噴霧しながら、パドル翼式粉体混合機で５分間混合して発塵抑制型固化材を調製した。
【００１１】
（２）発塵試験
図１に発塵試験装置を示す。固化材１００gを固化材投入部より自然落下させ発塵箱内の浮遊粉塵量(単位：ｍｇ／ｍ３)を柴田科学機械工業（株）製の光散乱式デジタル粉塵計を用いて測定した。この浮遊粉塵量は固化材落下後１５分継続して計測し、その平均値を平均発塵量とした。
（３）粉体流動性試験
ホソカワミクロン(株)製のパウダーテスターを用い、安息角、圧縮度、スパチュラ角、均一度、凝集度を測定し、それぞれを指数化して粉体流動性指数を求めた。
（４）固化材撒布試験
極東開発工業(株)製のエアーレーションブロウ式のＪＰ車を用い、固化材の撒布状況を目視により確認した。
結果を表１に示す。
【００１２】
【表１】
本発明の固化材は、可使時間は、目標とする３時間をクリアしている。一方、流動性については、表中「条件付き」と表示された、発塵抑制処理直後には、無処理品が持つ流動性が発現しないものが存在するが、何れも処理後一時間以内には、無処理品の流動性を上回る流動性が発現している。一時間以内のタイムラグは、製造から撒布場所までの運搬時間等に相当し、実用面では全く問題ないものである。
【００１４】
【発明の効果】
本発明の固化材では、安価な材料コストで、低発塵タイプの固化材の粉体流動性が、JP車で運搬可能な値に向上している。これにより、フレコンを使用することなく、使用現場へ供給することが可能となり、固化材供給コストが低減されるとともに産業廃棄物となる使用済みフレコンも削減されるメリットもある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 固化材の発塵試験に使用した装置を示す。
【符号の簡単な説明】
１ 固化材投入部
２ 発塵箱（透明アクリル製）
３ デジタル粉塵計[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cement-based solidified material used for ground improvement and the like. Specifically, the present invention relates to a cement-based solidified material in which dust generation is suppressed and powder flowability is excellent.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the improvement of shallow ground using cement-based solidification material, the solidification material is usually supplied by flexible containers. In this case, the flexible container-related costs (including processing costs) are incurred on both the supply side and the user side. As a method that does not use a flexible container, it is transported by a jet pack (hereinafter referred to as JP) car and sprayed by a spreader, etc., but it is still expensive to distribute by a spreader. limited.
As an ideal method for supplying solidified material, there is a method of spraying the solidified material as it is using a device with transport / pumping function such as a JP car, but these solidified materials are composed of fine powder. Therefore, there is a problem that a large amount of dust is generated during distribution. In addition, even during mixing processing work, it may not only scatter in the air and cause a deterioration in the working environment, but may also accumulate on structures and plants near the work site, and sometimes invade private houses and cause inconvenience. . As a method of avoiding this, there is a method of using a dust generation suppression type solidifying material. However, using a conventional dust generation suppression type solidification material increases the cost and the powder flowability is poor. It is in a situation where direct spraying from etc. is not possible.
That is, in order to be a solidified material that is suitable for a supply system that does not use a flexible container and that generates little dust during the mixing process, low dust generation and high powder flowability are essential conditions. However, the properties of both were contradictory, and no solidified material having both properties existed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a solidified material having powder flowability suitable for use in JP cars as well as low dust generation properties, and a system for supplying the solidified material to the site without using a flexible container. It is intended.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve such problems, the present inventors have added water, a setting retarder, and, if necessary, a lubricant and a surfactant to the cement-based solidified material, A solidification material with a property index of 20 or more and an average dust generation amount of 0.1 mg / m 3 or less in a drop-type dust generation test can be pumped with a JP vehicle, etc., and there is a problem during on-site distribution or solidification material mixing treatment Since it has the workability which does not become, it discovered that the supply of the solidification material which does not use a flexible container was possible, and completed this invention.
That is, the present invention includes 100 parts by mass of a cement-based solidifying material, 1 to 3% by mass of water, 0.05 to 0.2% by mass of a setting retarder, 0 to 0.5% by mass of a lubricant, and 0 to 0.5% of a surfactant. The present invention relates to a cement-based low dust solidifying material excellent in powder fluidity, comprising a mass%, having a powder fluidity index of 20 or more and a dust generation amount by a drop-type dust generation test of 0.1 mg / m 3 or less. .
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the cement-based low dust solidifying material of the above invention is transported to a construction site by any one type of on-vehicle type pressure feeding device selected from pneumatic feeding and mechanical pressure feeding, and is directly sprayed. The present invention relates to a solidification material supply system that does not use flexible containers.
The present invention is described in detail below.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The cement-based solidifying material used in the present invention is a mixture obtained by adding gypsum, blast furnace slag, quicklime or slaked lime to cement. In particular, a solidified material comprising 20 to 60% by mass of ordinary cement, 30 to 70% by mass of blast furnace slag, and 5 to 20% by mass of anhydrous gypsum is advantageous because the effect of the retarder lasts long and the pot life becomes longer. .
In the present invention, water is used as the most inexpensive and safe dust generation inhibitor. The amount of water added is 1 to 3% by mass per cementitious solidifying material. When the amount of water is less than 1% by mass, a sufficient dust generation suppressing effect is not exhibited, or the dust generation suppression time is reduced to an impractical level. On the other hand, when the content is larger than 3% by mass, the powder fluidity is excessively lowered.
[0006]
The pot life of the solidified material, from the production of the solidified material to the on-site distribution, is required to be at least about 3 hours, as in the ready-mixed concrete business. Add a set retarder to maintain duration. The setting retarder has the effect of appropriately adjusting the initial hydration of the solidified material and improving powder flowability. By optimizing the type of retarder, the amount of water and retarder added, it can be used for a long time. It is possible to produce a low dusting and solidifying material excellent in powder flowability having a pot life of.
The addition amount of the setting retarder is 0.05 to 0.2% by mass. When the amount is small, the delay effect is not sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, when the amount is too large, the hydration becomes fast and it becomes difficult to secure sufficient pot life, and it is uneconomical. By adding the setting retarder, a pot life of up to 10 hours can be secured in terms of hydraulic properties.
In the present invention, the pot life means a time during which the average dust generation amount by the drop-type dust generation test shown in the examples described later can be maintained at 0.1 mg / m 3 or less. It is about 1/10 of a normal general-purpose cement-based solidified material, and is a level that does not substantially hinder the workability on site.
[0007]
As the setting retarder, gluconic acid, sodium gluconate, citric acid, dextrin and the like are preferably used. This is because a small amount is effective.
The solidifying material of the present invention is prepared by adding and mixing a predetermined amount of water and a setting retarder to cementitious solidifying powder, and the method of adding water and the setting retarder is not particularly limited, but is 1% of the total amount of water. After adding / mixing 3/3 to 2/3 amount, the remaining water and setting retarder are added, so that the same amount of water and the same setting retarder amount are compared with the case where water is not added separately. Thus, the effect of the retarder can be extended for several hours. This is thought to be because excessive adsorption of the retarder to the cement compound is suppressed by pre-hydrating the cement with the water added first.
[0008]
Further, lubricants such as calcium stearate and white carbon, and anionic and nonionic surfactants are preferably used in combination with a set retarder because they have an effect of improving powder flowability.
As the anionic system, a lauryl sulfate system, an alkyl sulfate system, and a nonionic system such as polyoxyethylene / phenyl ether system and polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene / glycol system can be suitably used.
If the amount of lubricant or surfactant added is too large, the amount of dust generation increases, so the amount is 0.5 mass% or less per cement-based solidified material.
[0009]
The solidified material of the present invention can be used by being added to and mixed with the object to be treated in a powder state like the conventionally known solidified materials.
Since dust generation is suppressed, it is possible to adopt a method of transporting to the site with an in-vehicle pneumatic feeder or an in-vehicle mechanical pumping device and directly spraying. As a most preferable example of the on-vehicle type pneumatic feeding device, a JP car having a large solidification material feeding distance can be cited, but a raw corn agitator mixer car or the like may also be used. These devices can be handled without problems if the powder has a fluidity index of 20 or more, preferably 30 or more.
Below, a specific example is shown and this invention is demonstrated in more detail.
[0010]
【Example】
(1) Solidifying material The cement-based solidifying material used was a general soft soil solidifying material manufactured by Ube Mitsubishi Cement and a trial solidifying material in which 92 parts by weight of blast furnace cement was mixed with 8 parts by weight of hydrofluoric anhydride. As the retarder, gluconic acid (reagent special grade), citric acid (reagent special grade), sodium gluconate (reagent special grade) dextrin (HIDEX90) manufactured by Nippon Corn Starch Co., Ltd. was used. Tap water was used as water.
While spraying an aqueous solution obtained by dissolving a retarder in a predetermined amount of water onto a cement-based solidified material, the mixture was mixed for 5 minutes with a paddle blade type powder mixer to prepare a dust-suppressing type solidified material.
[0011]
(2) Dust test Fig. 1 shows a dust test apparatus. 100 g of the solidified material was naturally dropped from the solidified material charging section, and the amount of suspended dust (unit: mg / m 3 ) in the dust box was measured using a light scattering digital dust meter manufactured by Shibata Scientific Machinery Co., Ltd. The amount of suspended dust was measured continuously for 15 minutes after the solidification material dropped, and the average value was taken as the average dust generation amount.
(3) Powder flowability test Using a powder tester manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd., the angle of repose, the degree of compression, the spatula angle, the uniformity, and the degree of aggregation were measured, and each was indexed to determine the powder flowability index. .
(4) Solidifying material distribution test Using an aeration blow type JP vehicle manufactured by Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co., Ltd., the distribution state of the solidifying material was visually confirmed.
The results are shown in Table 1.
[0012]
[Table 1]
In the solidified material of the present invention, the pot life has cleared the target of 3 hours. On the other hand, with regard to fluidity, immediately after the dust generation suppression treatment, indicated as “Conditional” in the table, there are those that do not exhibit the fluidity of untreated products, but all within one hour after treatment Exhibits fluidity that exceeds the fluidity of untreated products. The time lag within one hour corresponds to the transportation time from the production to the place of distribution, and there is no problem in practical use.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
In the solidified material of the present invention, the powder flowability of the low dust generation type solidified material is improved to a value that can be transported by JP cars at a low material cost. Accordingly, it is possible to supply to the use site without using the flexible container, and there is an advantage that the used flexible container that becomes industrial waste is reduced while the supply cost of the solidified material is reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an apparatus used for a dust generation test of a solidified material.
[Brief description of symbols]
1 Solidifying
3 Digital dust meter
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002210644A JP4128041B2 (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2002-07-19 | Cement-based low dust solidifying material excellent in powder flowability and supply system of the solidifying material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002210644A JP4128041B2 (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2002-07-19 | Cement-based low dust solidifying material excellent in powder flowability and supply system of the solidifying material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2004051768A JP2004051768A (en) | 2004-02-19 |
| JP4128041B2 true JP4128041B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
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| JP2002210644A Expired - Fee Related JP4128041B2 (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2002-07-19 | Cement-based low dust solidifying material excellent in powder flowability and supply system of the solidifying material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2011060336A2 (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-05-19 | Catalyst Partners, Inc. | Use of seeds as a cement set retarder |
| JP2012167238A (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2012-09-06 | Yoshizawa Lime Industry | Soil treating material to suppress dusting, and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP7337674B2 (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2023-09-04 | デンカ株式会社 | Method for manufacturing cement material |
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