JP4111445B2 - Basic settlement settlement method using sandbag - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a foundation settlement correction method for correcting the foundation of a building that has sunk, and more particularly to a foundation settlement correction method that corrects a foundation that has sunk by using a sandbag.

  A basic subsidence correction method that has been conventionally performed when a foundation of a building undergoes uneven subsidence will be described with reference to FIG. First, the ground G on the side of the foundation 1 that has sunk is excavated from the ground to below the foundation 1 to form a space 10 for installing a jack under the foundation 1. In the formed space 10, in order to secure the ground reaction force necessary for lifting the foundation 1 by the jack 4, a crushed stone 12 is sown and a steel plate 6 is further laid, and then the jack 4 is placed under the foundation 1. Is installed. Further, an H-shaped steel 13 is inserted along the longitudinal direction of the foundation 1 between the jack 4 and the foundation 1, and the foundation 1 is lifted by the operation of the jack 4 by an operator or the like, thereby correcting the settlement of the foundation 1. Is done.

By the way, as a technique for preventing subsidence of foundations and the like, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a subsidence prevention structure such as a foundation in which a plurality of sandbags are arranged or stacked below the foundation or railway sleepers.
JP 2000-80637 A JP 2001-271301 A

  The above-described conventional basic settlement correction method described with reference to FIG. 11 is based on the premise that the ground is solid to some extent. That is, when the ground is soft or mud, it is difficult to secure the ground reaction force for lifting the foundation 1 with the jack 4 by the above foundation settlement settlement method. In other words, when the jack 4 is used to lift the foundation 1, the steel plate 6 and the crushed stone 12 laid under the jack 4 may end up infinitely in the soft ground, or the jack may lift the foundation 1 by tilting from the horizontal state. It will be difficult.

  It may be possible to try jacking up while adding crushed stone 12 until the ground reaction force can be secured. For example, when the foundation of a general house causes subsidence, about 20 to 30 jacks per building Therefore, a large amount of crushed stone is required, and a lot of time and labor must be spent on the work of scraping the crushed stone, the work of leveling the crushed stone, and the work of collecting the crushed stone after subsidence correction. In addition, the amount of crushed stone varies greatly depending on the level of the soft ground and it is difficult to predict it, so it is necessary to carry an excessive amount of crushed stone to the construction site. As a result, there is a problem that a large amount of cost is required for transporting crushed stones.

  This invention is made | formed in view of this subject, and it aims at providing the foundation subsidence correction method using the sandbag which makes it possible to correct the subsidence of the foundation of a building easily and rapidly.

  In order to achieve the above object, the foundation settlement correction method using a sandbag according to claim 1 is a sandbag installation step of installing at least two layers of sandbags supporting the foundation under a foundation that has not caused settlement. When subsidence occurs in the foundation, a crust removal hole forming step for forming a hole for taking out the crust installed on the ground, and a crust installed under the foundation are removed leaving at least the lowermost layer. And a jack installation space forming step for forming a space for installing a jack below the foundation below the foundation, and the remaining sandbag and the bottom surface of the foundation after the step is performed. A jack installation process for installing a jack, and a foundation lifting process for lifting the sinked foundation by the jack installed by the process. It is characterized.

  The method for correcting the settlement of foundation using a sandbag according to claim 2 includes a jack loading installation space forming step for forming a space for loading and installing a jack below the foundation, and a sandbag for laying a sandbag on the bottom surface of the space. A laying step, a jack setting step for setting a jack between the laid sandbag and the bottom surface of the foundation, and a foundation lifting step for lifting the sinked foundation by the jack set by the step. It is characterized by

  The basic settlement settlement method using the sandbag according to claim 3 is the basic settlement settlement method using the sandbag according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the jack is provided between the sandbag and the jack in the jack installation step. Is provided with a surface pressure reducing material for reducing the surface pressure applied to the upper surface of the sandbag.

  According to the foundation settlement correction method using the sandbag according to claim 1, when the foundation sinks, just dug the ground a little and removes the sandbag installed under the foundation. Since it can be formed, the time from the start of the work to the installation of the jack is greatly reduced. And in the jack installation space, a sandbag that does not sink into the soft ground like conventional crushed stones is laid, so a sufficient ground reaction force to jack up can be ensured. Therefore, it is possible to easily and quickly correct the sinked foundation.

  Hereinafter, a basic settlement settlement method using a sandbag according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the foundation settlement correction method using the sandbag according to the first embodiment still causes settlement by burying the sandbag 2 in advance before providing the foundation 1 of the building. When the sandbag installation process of installing at least two layers of sandbags 2 that support the foundation 1 under the foundation 1 that has not been installed, and when subsidence such as non-uniform settlement occurs afterwards, the installed sandbag 2 is placed on the ground. In order to install the jack 4 below the foundation 1 by removing the sandbag removing hole forming step for forming the hole 3 for removal and the sandbag 2 installed under the foundation 1, leaving at least the lowermost layer. The jack installation space forming step for forming the space 5 below the foundation 1 and the jack 4 is installed between the remaining at least one layer of sandbag 2 and the bottom surface of the foundation 1 after the step is performed. Jack installation work When, by the jacks 4 which installation was configured to include a step lift foundation lifting the foundation 1 that subsidence, the. Here, the sandbag 2 to be installed in the sandbag installation process is not settled on the foundation 1 such as a corner 1a of the foundation 1 or an intersection 1b between the foundations 1 as shown in the plan view of the foundation in FIG. However, the sandbag 2 may be provided over the entire lower part of the foundation before the foundation 1 is constructed in advance. . Hereinafter, each step will be described in more detail.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (a), in the sandbag installation step, at least two layers or more supporting the foundation 1 under the foundation 1 by burying a sandbag 2 in advance before providing the foundation 1 of the building. The sandbag 2 is installed in advance. The arrangement and the number of the sandbags 2 to be installed are appropriately changed based on the size load of the foundation. Accordingly, the size, arrangement, and number of the sandbags 2 to be installed are not limited. For example, in the case of a general residential foundation, the sandbags 2 having a length of about 60 cm, a width of 50 cm, and a thickness of about 15 cm are shown in FIGS. 1 and 6. Can be installed in 3 rows and 3 columns in the plane direction and 5 layers in the depth direction. When installing sandbags 2, they are installed one layer at a time, and the gaps formed between the sandbags 2 are filled with the same sandbag filling material or the same earth and sand as the ground, and the gaps are closed. The lateral displacement of the sandbag 2 is prevented.

  The sandbag 2 is a sac made of cloth, plastic fiber, non-woven fabric, etc., filled with crusheran, crushed stone, masa soil, etc., so that it can sufficiently support the load of the foundation by rolling. A compacted one is used. The size, shape, and the like of the sac are not particularly limited, but the strength is required so that it is not damaged by the tension generated when the sandbag 2 is rolled, that is, when the pressing force acts on the sandbag 2 from above. The size and shape of the filler to be filled in the sac are not particularly limited, but are specified in a crusher run which is a material suitable for compaction by rolling, particularly JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) A5001 “Crushing stone for road”. It is preferable to use C-30 or C-40 of the material to be used or an equivalent product.

  After the foundation 1 and the building above it are constructed, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), when the foundation 1 sinks by the sinking amount H, as shown in FIG. A hole 3 is formed for taking out the sandbag 2 installed under 1 on the ground. The hole 3 has such a size that the sandbag 2 installed under the foundation 1 can be taken out and a jack 4 or the like to be described later can be carried under the foundation 1 so that the foundation 1 can be jacked up. What is necessary is just to be formed. In addition, when the sandbag 2 is provided over the whole bottom of the foundation 1, the hole 3 is formed in places where jackup is required, such as the corner 1a and the intersection 1b of the foundation.

  Next, as a jack installation space forming step, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), by removing at least the lowermost layer of the sandbag 2 installed under the foundation 1, the jack is placed below the foundation 1. A space 5 for installing 4 is formed. However, if a space is provided below the foundation 1 so that a jack to be described later can be installed, two or more sandbags 2 may be left from the bottom layer. In addition, when the sandbag 2 is provided over the whole bottom of the foundation 1, the sandbag 2 is removed only in places where jack-up is required, such as the corner 1a and the intersection 1b of the foundation.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (e), as a jack installation step, a steel plate 6 is laid on the remaining sandbag 2 of at least one layer, and between the upper surface of the steel plate 6 and the bottom surface of the foundation 1, Install the jack 4. The steel plate 6 plays a role as a surface pressure reducing material 7 for reducing the surface pressure applied to the upper surface of the sandbag 2 by the jack 4 and naturally has a strength sufficient to withstand the surface pressure and the entire load. . The surface pressure reducing material 7 is not limited to a plate-like material such as the steel plate 6, but can reduce the surface pressure applied to the sandbag 2 even if it has other shapes, such as a weight shape or a cubic body shape. I just need it. Further, the surface pressure reducing material 7 may be integrally provided at the lower portion of the jack 4. As will be described in detail later, the jack 4 is not limited to a so-called jack device as long as it has an action of lifting the bottom surface of the foundation 1 with the remaining upper surface of the sandbag 2 as a base. In addition, when there is no need to reduce the surface pressure by providing the steel plate 6 such as when the bottom surface of the jack 4 is wide, the installation of the steel plate 6 may be omitted.

  Next, as a foundation lifting step, the installed jack 4 is extended to lift the sinked foundation 1 by the sinking amount H. At this time, even if the sandbag 2 is under soft ground or the like, the pressure receiving area with respect to the soft ground or the like is much larger than that of the crushed stone alone, so that it hardly sinks or sinks into the soft ground. In the unlikely event that the soilbag 2 sinks into the soft ground, it can be easily dealt with by laying it on the top surface of the soilbag further embedded. When the foundation 1 is lifted, as explained in the section of the prior art, the bottom surface of the foundation 1 and the upper end of the jack 4 are connected so that the pushing force of the jack 4 is reliably transmitted to the foundation 1. An H-shaped steel or the like may be inserted between them.

  Next, when the jack 4 is removed, as shown in FIG. 3 (f) and FIG. 4 (g) which is a plan view of the figure so that the lifted foundation 1 is not lowered due to the support of the jack 4 being lost. The base height holding member 8 shown in the hatching is inserted between the cough 2 and the base 1 while avoiding the jack 4 and the steel plate 6. As the foundation height holding member 8, a sandbag 2 that is easy to insert and can easily secure a route to the ground for removing the jack 4 later is used. Things may be substituted.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (h), the jack 4 supporting the foundation 1 is removed to the ground, and a foundation 2 is inserted in the space where the jack 4 is installed. 1 is supported. And finally, as shown in FIG.5 (i), the earth and sand of the excavated ground G are backfilled, and work is completed.

  As is apparent from the above description, according to the foundation settlement correction method using the sandbag according to the first embodiment, when the foundation 1 sinks, the ground G in the vicinity of the foundation 1 is dug down slightly. The space 5 for installing the jack 4 can be formed simply by removing the sandbag 2 installed under the subsidized foundation 1, so that the time from the start of the work to the installation of the jack 4 is longer than before. Significantly shortened. For this reason, in the earthmoving installation process, ground excavation work for installing the earthmoving 2 in advance is required, but this can be efficiently performed with a large shovel or the like in a state where the foundation 1 or the building is not constructed. Even if the total man-hours are taken into account, it can be performed much more efficiently than the conventional method of excavating the foundation after the foundation or building is constructed. In addition, even if the soil couch 2 on which the jack 4 is placed is soft ground or the like, the pressure receiving area for the soft ground is much larger than that of the crushed stone alone, so that it is almost sunk or submerged into the soft ground. Absent. In the unlikely event that the soil 2 is sunk into the soft ground, it can be dealt with simply by laying the soil slab 2 on the soil sunk. In addition, when it is expected to sink from a soft state, two or more layers of sandbags 2 may be left in the jack installation space forming step (see FIG. 2D).

  Next, a basic settlement correction method using a sandbag according to the second embodiment will be described. In addition, about the thing similar to the thing demonstrated in 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted. As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, in the foundation settlement correction method using the sandbag according to the second embodiment, a space 11 for carrying the jack 4 under the foundation 1 and installing it is installed from the ground. 1, a jack carry-in installation space forming step formed below 1, a soil laying step for laying a sandbag 2 on the bottom surface of the space 11, and a sandbag 2 laid by the step and the bottom surface of the foundation 1, The jack installation process which installs the jack 4 and the foundation lifting process which lifts the sinking foundation 1 by the jack 4 installed by this process are comprised. Here, the sandbag 2 to be laid in the sandbag laying step is not settled on the foundation 1 such as a corner 1a of the foundation 1 or an intersection 1b between the foundations 1 as shown in the plan view of the foundation in FIG. It will be installed at the place where it is assumed that jack-up is required when this occurs. Hereinafter, each step will be described in more detail.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (a), when the subsidence occurs on the foundation 1 and the foundation 1 sinks by the subsidence amount H, as shown in FIG. A space 11 for carrying the jack 4 into the lower part of 1 and installing it is formed by digging earth and sand from the ground to the lower part of the foundation 1.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), as a clay laying step, one or more sandbags 2 are laid on the bottom surface of the formed space 11. The arrangement, the number, and the number of layers of the sandbags 2 to be laid are appropriately changed according to the softness of the ground. In other words, even if the sandbag 2 is soft ground or the like, the pressure receiving area for the soft ground is much larger than that of the crushed stone alone, so it hardly sunk or sinks into the soft ground, but in the unlikely event When sinking into the soft ground, the number and total number of sandbags 2 to be laid are increased according to the softness of the ground to cancel the influence of the sinking of the sandbag 2 into the soft ground, which will be described later. When laying sandbags 2, they are laid one layer at a time, and the gap formed between the sandbags 2 is filled with the same filler as the sandbag 2 or the same earth and sand as the ground to close the gap. Prevent lateral slippage of each sandbag 2 Note that the soil laying laid is sufficiently rolled in advance, and is firmly formed so that the jack 4 described later is not compressed and deformed by a load received from the foundation 1.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8 (d), as a jack installation step, a steel plate 6 is laid on the top surface of the sandbag 2 laid by the sandbag laying step, and between the top surface of the steel plate 6 and the bottom surface of the foundation 1. Install the jack 4. And as a foundation lifting process, the subsidence foundation 1 is lifted and corrected by the subsidence amount H by extending the installed jack 4. As described in the section of the prior art, an H-shaped steel or the like is interposed between the bottom surface of the foundation 1 and the upper end of the jack 4 so that the pushing force of the jack 4 is reliably transmitted to the foundation 1. It may be inserted.

Next, when the jack 4 is removed, FIG. 9 (e) (a plan view of the figure is shown in the first embodiment) so that the lifted foundation 1 is not lowered due to the support of the jack 4 being lost. 4 (g).) As shown in FIG. 4A, the foundation height holding member 8 shown in the hatching is inserted between the cough 2 and the foundation 1 while avoiding the jack 4 and the steel plate 6. As the basic height holding member 8, it is easy interposing, ensuring path to earth easy sandbags 2 used for removing the jacks 4 after, but this not possibly other May be substituted.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9 (f), the jack 4 supporting the foundation 1 is removed to the ground, and a sandbag 2 or the like is inserted into the space in which the jack 4 has been installed. 1 is supported. And finally, as shown in FIG.10 (g), the earth and sand of the excavated ground G are backfilled, and work is completed.

  As is clear from the above description, according to the foundation settlement correction method using a sandbag according to the second embodiment, it can be applied to the foundation 1 of a building that has already been built. Since the sandbag 2 that hardly digs into the soft ground like 12 is laid under the jack 4, a sufficient ground reaction force can be secured for jacking up. Therefore, the subsidence of the foundation 1 can be corrected easily and quickly.

  The present invention can be applied to, for example, when a foundation of a building has caused a subsidence and lifts and corrects the subsidence.

It is a figure explaining the procedure of the basic settlement settlement method using the sandbag which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the procedure of the basic settlement settlement method using the sandbag which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the procedure of the basic settlement settlement method using the sandbag which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the procedure of the basic settlement settlement method using the sandbag which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the procedure of the basic settlement settlement method using the sandbag which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic plan view of the foundation of the building which illustrated the place where a sandbag is installed. It is the figure which showed the procedure of the basic settlement correction method using the sandbag which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the procedure of the basic settlement correction method using the sandbag which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the procedure of the basic settlement correction method using the sandbag which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed the procedure of the basic settlement correction method using the sandbag which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the basic settlement settlement method which concerns on a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

1 foundation 2 sandbag 3 hole 4 jack 5, 11 space 6, 7 steel plate (surface pressure reducing material)

Claims (1)

Form a sandbag installation process to install at least two layers of sandbags that support the foundation under a foundation that has not caused subsidence, and a hole to take the installed sandbags to the ground when subsidence occurs in the foundation And forming a space for installing a jack below the foundation by removing at least the bottom layer of the sandbag installed under the foundation. A jack installation space forming step, a jack installation step for installing a jack between the remaining sandbag and the bottom surface of the foundation after the step is performed, and a jack installed by the step is submerged. A foundation lifting process for lifting the foundation, and a foundation settlement correction method using a sandbag.

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