JP4108728B2 - Elevator emergency brake device and elevator stopping method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an emergency brake device for an elevator and a method for stopping the elevator, and more particularly to an emergency brake device provided in a cab or a counterweight and a stop method therefor.

  It is conceivable that the passenger compartment is suddenly moved downward or upward due to a passenger entering or leaving the elevator cab, or when the hoisting machine has a brake failure or an electric control failure, and the passenger is injured. As countermeasures, conventionally, an emergency stop device or a speed governor has been installed on the counterweight side, or a rope brake of the type that directly grips the main rope in the machine room. A conventional emergency brake device is shown below.

  FIG. 7 is a front view of a braking device of a conventional elevator braking device disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. This braking device is provided with a wedge-shaped braking member 33 that is pushed between the deflecting wheel 31 and the pressing body 32 during braking, and the braking member 33 is pressed against the deflecting wheel 31 by the disc spring 34 via the pressing body 32 during braking. The car is stopped by gripping the rope 35 with the baffle wheel 31 and the braking member 33.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional emergency brake device disclosed in Patent Document 2, for example. This emergency brake device has a star-shaped brake element 43 that is rotatably inserted into the shaft 42 of the drive rope wheel 41 and is provided in contact with the drive rope wheel 41. The brake element 43 is permanently pressed against the annular end surface 41 a of the drive rope wheel 41 by a cup-shaped spring 44 and normally rotates together with the drive rope wheel 41.

  When the speed is excessive in the upward movement direction of the cab, the starting mechanism 45 projects the braking bolt 46 between the spokes of the brake element 43 of the star wheel to prevent the brake element 43 from rotating. As a result, slip occurs between the annular end surface 41a and the brake element 43 pressed against the annular end surface 41a, and an appropriate braking torque is generated for the drive rope wheel 41. This braking torque is orders of magnitude greater than the braking torque generated by a normal operation brake.

  In these conventional emergency brake devices, the cab is activated when the cab suddenly starts to move downward or upward to stop the movement of the cab and prevent the passenger from being injured.

JP-A-6-199483 JP-A-5-193860

  However, the conventional emergency brake device for elevators having such a structure is expensive because the machine room has a large space for installing the device, the main rope is damaged, and the structure is complicated. There were problems such as becoming.

  In the conventional examples of FIGS. 7 and 8, it is effective for an upward increase in the rated speed or more, but it prevents sudden downward or upward movement from the cab stop state. It was a problem because I couldn't.

  The present invention was made to solve the above-described problems, and can prevent the car room from suddenly moving downward or upward, and does not require a special space in the machine room or the like. An object of the present invention is to provide an emergency brake device for an elevator and a method for stopping the elevator that can be manufactured at low cost without damaging the rope.

  According to the present invention, there is an emergency brake device for an elevator provided in a cab or a counterweight guided by a guide rail, and the guide rail is connected to the guide rail based on an electrical signal generated by the movement of the cab. When the car is moved in the downward direction due to the friction force against the guide rail, the pressure body moves upward, and when it moves in the upward direction, the pressing body moves downward, and the movement of the pressing body An emergency brake device for an elevator is provided, comprising a pressing surface for braking the guide rail.

  Further, the pressing body may be pressed against the guide rail based on the force of a spring and can be separated from the guide rail based on the force of a solenoid during normal operation of the cab.

  Further, the pressing body may be provided with irregularities for improving the frictional force on the outer surface.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, in the elevator stopping method for preventing the cab that is guided by the guide rail from suddenly moving downward or upward, based on the electrical signal generated by the abnormal movement of the cab, When the cage moves in the descending direction due to the friction between the first step in which the pressing body is pressed against the guide rail and the guide rail, the pressing body moves upward and moves in the ascending direction. In this case, the elevator stopping method includes: a second step that moves downward, and a third step in which the pressing surface brakes the guide rail based on the movement of the pressing body. Is obtained.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a position where an emergency brake device according to the present invention is installed. FIG. 2 is a front view of the emergency brake device of the present invention. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

  FIG. 1 shows the elevator hoistway and the inside of the machine room. A main rope 2 is wound around a hoisting sheave 1 provided in the machine room. The cab 3 and the counterweight 4 are respectively connected to both ends of the main rope 2. The car room 3 is guided by a car-side guide rail 6 in the hoistway. The counterweight 4 is guided by a counterweight-side guide rail 7. As the hoisting machine sheave 1 rotates, the car room 3 moves up and down in the hoistway.

  The emergency brake device 10 of the present invention is fastened and fixed to the upper part of the car room 3 and the upper part of the counterweight 4 with bolts (not shown). In the following description, the emergency brake device 10 provided in the car room 3 will be described in order to simplify the description.

  2 and 3, the solenoid 11 of the emergency brake device 10 is fixed to a pedestal 12 provided in the upper part of the car room 3. The solenoid coil 11a of the solenoid 11 is energized during normal operation. In this energized state, the plunger 11b is attracted by the solenoid coil 11a and urged to the left in FIG. On the other hand, when the energization of the solenoid coil 11a is interrupted, the plunger 11b moves to the right in FIG. 2 by the force of the spring 11c that is contracted inside.

  A connecting rod 14 is rotatably connected to the plunger 11 b of the solenoid 11 via a pin 13. A cylindrical roller 16 is rotatably attached to the other end of the connecting rod 14 by a pin 15. The roller 16 constitutes a pressing body of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front view and a side view showing the roller 16 in detail. The roller 16 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the outer peripheral surface is subjected to knurling to form irregularities 16a.

  Returning to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a clamp 17 is fixed to the base 12. As shown in FIG. 3, the clamp 17 has a substantially U-shaped cross section, and is installed so that the guide rail 6 passes through the U-shaped. On the inner side of the U-shaped cross section, a substantially flat pressing surface 17c is formed on one side facing the guide rail. On the other hand, two inclined surfaces 17a and 17b are formed on the other side of the holding metal 17 facing the pressing surface 17c so that the side surface shape is V-shaped. That is, the clamp 17 is installed so that the guide rail 6 is sandwiched between the two inclined surfaces 17a and 17b and the pressing surface 17c. The two inclined surfaces 17a and 17b are connected at the center of the holding metal 17, and are formed so as to narrow the distance between the guide rail 6 and the guide rail 6 in any direction from the middle to the upper and lower directions. .

  The roller 16 described above is disposed between the two inclined surfaces 17 a and 17 b and the guide rail 6. A position holding elastic member 18 having a spring 18 a is provided at the intermediate portion of the connecting rod 14. The position holding elastic member 18 is fixed to the pedestal 12, engaged with the connecting rod 14 by a pin 18b, and a connecting portion of two inclined surfaces 17a and 17b forming a roller 16 with a biasing force of the spring 18a, that is, a connecting portion. It holds so that the space | interval of a slope and the guide rail 6 may be located in the wide intermediate part. The position-holding elastic member 18 applies an urging force to the roller 16 so as to return to the intermediate portion when the roller 16 moves in either the upper or lower direction from the intermediate portion.

  According to this structure, when the cab 3 is stopped, for example, if a speed detector (not shown) senses abnormal movement of the cab 3, an electrical signal is sent from the speed detector to the emergency brake device 10. Is entered. Then, the emergency brake device 10 interrupts the current to the solenoid coil 11a. Thereby, the roller 16 is pressed against the guide rail. Due to the frictional force between the roller 16 and the guide rail 6, the roller 16 is pushed between the guide rail 6 and the clamp and generates a braking force. As a result, the cab 3 that has abnormally moved in the upward or downward direction stops. A dotted line in FIG. 2 shows a state of movement of the rollers 16 when stopping the cab 3 that was moving abnormally. When the car room 3 abnormally moves in the downward direction, the roller 16 moves upward in FIG. 2, and when the car room 3 abnormally moves in the upward direction, the roller 16 moves downward in FIG.

  That is, the emergency brake device 10 for an elevator having such a configuration is provided in the elevator cab 3 or the counterweight 4 and has inclined surfaces 17a and 17b and a pressing surface 17c provided so as to sandwich the guide rail 6. The clamp 17, the pressing body 16 movably disposed between the slopes 17 a and 17 b of the clamp 17 and the guide rail 6, and an electric signal input to operate, are connected to the pressing body 16, During normal operation, the pressing body 16 is separated from the guide rail 6, and at the time of braking, a solenoid 11 that pushes the pressing body 16 between the slopes 17 a and 17 b and the guide rail 6 is provided. Thus, the emergency brake device 10 is provided in the car room 3 or the counterweight 4, and does not require a special space in the machine room or the like. In addition, the emergency brake device 10 can be realized with a simple structure that stops the car room when the car room 3 suddenly moves downward or upward.

  In addition, the emergency brake device 10 includes the position holding elastic member 18 that is connected to the pressing body 16 and generates an auxiliary force that separates the pressing body 16 from the guide rail 6 during normal operation. 16 is reliably separated from the guide rail 6, and the emergency brake device 10 is not erroneously operated, and the reliability is improved.

  Furthermore, since the pressing body is the cylindrical roller 16, the apparatus can be configured with a simple structure and the guide rail 6 is not damaged.

  Further, the outer peripheral surface of the roller 16 is provided with irregularities 16a, so that the frictional force between the roller 16 and the guide rail 6 is increased, and the braking operation of the cab 3 is further ensured.

  In this embodiment, the car room 3 is stopped by a signal that senses the abnormal movement of the car room 3 from the state in which the car room 3 is stopped. However, when the car room 3 reaches an abnormal speed. If the operation is performed according to a signal input to the car room 3, the car room 3 can be stopped even when the car room 3 reaches an abnormal speed.

  Moreover, the emergency brake device 10 of the present embodiment supplies a current to the solenoid coil 11a after the braking operation, and moves the cab 3 in a direction opposite to the operation direction of the cab 3 at the time of braking. The emergency brake device 10 can be returned to the state before the operation.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a front view of an emergency brake device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG.

  In the emergency brake device 21 of the present embodiment, the gripper 19 has a pressing member 19d on the opposite side of the two inclined surfaces 19a, 19b. The pressing member 19d is supported by a spring 19g as an elastic member from the plane 19f. The pressing surface 19c of the present embodiment is formed on the side surface of the pressing member 19d on the guide rail 6 side.

  Further, in this embodiment, the pressing body sandwiched between the gripper 19 and the guide rail 6 is the double-sided wedge 20. The side wedges 20 are substantially pentagonal in the shape of the sides, and on the side facing the gripper 19, the two slopes 20 a and 20 b that are substantially parallel to the two slopes 19 a and 19 b of the gripper and the guide rail 6 One plane 20c that is substantially parallel to the guide rail 6 is provided on the opposite side. The dotted line in FIG. 5 shows the state of movement of the wedges 20 on both sides when stopping the car room 3 that has been moving abnormally. When the car chamber 3 abnormally moves in the downward direction, the wedges 20 on both sides move upward in FIG. 5, and when the car chamber 3 moves abnormally in the upward direction, the wedges 20 on both sides move downward in FIG. To do.

  Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  In the elevator emergency brake device 21 configured as described above, the pressing body is the wedge 20 whose width becomes narrower toward one side, so that the wedge 20 is securely sandwiched between the clamp 19 and the guide rail 6. The braking ability is improved.

  Further, the pressing member 19d is supported by the spring 19g from the plane 19f. Therefore, the gripping force applied to the guide rail 6 can be limited by the compression operation of the spring 19g, and the braking force can be adjusted to an appropriate value.

  In the apparatus of the first embodiment described above, the deceleration depends on the speed, and when the rated speed of the elevator is large, the operation speed when the abnormal speed is sensed increases and the deceleration of the cab 3 increases. Have the disadvantages. The present embodiment improves this drawback and provides an effect that the car room 3 can always be decelerated and stopped with a constant braking force regardless of the speed.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the emergency brake devices 10 and 18 are provided in each of the car room 3 and the counterweight 4, but the emergency brake device is in balance with the car room 3. The effect of the present invention can be obtained even if only one of the weights 4 is provided.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the position where the emergency brake device of this invention is installed. It is a front view of the emergency brake device of Example 1 of this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. It is the figure seen from the front and side which show this state in detail. It is a front view of the emergency brake device of Example 2 of this invention. It is arrow sectional drawing which follows the VI-VI line of FIG. It is a front view of the conventional brake device for elevators. It is sectional drawing of the conventional emergency brake device.

Explanation of symbols

  1 hoisting machine sheave, 2 main rope, 3 cab, 6 guide rail, 7 guide rail, 10 emergency brake device, 11 solenoid, 11a solenoid coil, 11b plunger, 12 pedestal, 13 pin, 14 connecting rod, 15 pin , 16 Press body, 16a Concavity and convexity, 17 Stopper, 17a Slope, 17c Press surface, 18 Position holding elastic member, 18b Pin, 19 Foot, 19a Slope, 19c Press surface, 19d Press member, 19f Plane, 20 Both-side wedge, 20a slope, 20c plane, 21 emergency brake device.

Claims (6)

An elevator emergency brake device provided in a cab or counterweight guided by a guide rail,
After being pressed against the guide rail based on an electrical signal generated by the abnormal movement of the cab, if the cab moves in a downward direction due to frictional force with the guide rail, the cab moves upward and rises A pressing body that moves downward when moving in a direction,
A pressing surface that brakes the cab or the counterweight by narrowing the distance from the guide rail based on the movement of the pressing body;
An emergency brake device for an elevator. The pressing body is pressed against the guide rail from a direction perpendicular to the guide rail based on an electrical signal generated by the abnormal movement of the cab.
The emergency brake device for an elevator according to claim 1. The pressing member based on the force of the spring, with pressed against the said guide rail, in the normal operation of the cab, to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it separates from the guide rail on the basis of the force by the solenoid The emergency brake device of the described elevator . The pressing body, the outer surface is characterized in that the unevenness for improving the frictional force is formed, an emergency brake device for an elevator according to claim 1 or 2. In an elevator stop method that prevents the cab guided by the guide rail from moving suddenly downward or upward,
A first step in which the pressing body is pressed against the guide rail based on an electrical signal generated by the abnormal movement of the cab;
A second step in which the pressing body is moved upward by the frictional force between the guide rails when the cab is moved in the downward direction, and is moved downward when the cage is moved in the upward direction;
A third step of braking the cab or the counterweight with the pressing surface narrowed with the guide rail based on the movement of the pressing body;
The elevator stop method characterized by this. The first step is pressed against the guide rail from a direction perpendicular to the guide rail based on an electrical signal generated by the abnormal movement of the cab.
The elevator stopping method according to claim 5.

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