JP4107816B2 - Generator voltage regulator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a voltage adjustment circuit for a single-phase magnet generator, and more particularly to a voltage adjustment circuit for simultaneously adjusting AC load voltages of batteries, lamps and the like supplied from an AC generator mounted on a small motorcycle or the like. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional battery charger is shown in FIG. 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-89000). In FIG. 1, 1 is a power generation coil such as a magnet type AC generator, (c) and (L) are its output terminals, 2 is a switching element (a field effect transistor incorporating a parasitic diode D), and 3 is an AC such as a lamp. A load is connected to both terminals of the power generating coil through the switch 4 in series with the field effect transistor 2. Next, 5 is a battery, 6 is a switching element (thyristor), and CONT1 and CONT2 are control circuits.
[0003]
The operation of this circuit is first controlled by the control circuit CONT2 so that a current flows through the battery 5 in the positive waveform half cycle period of the generator coil 1. When the voltage of the battery 5 increases, the gate current of the switching element 6 is controlled by the control circuit CONT2. By shutting off, the switching element is also turned off, and the battery voltage is controlled to a predetermined value. At this time, when the switch 4 is closed, the half cycle period of the positive waveform of the power generation coil 1 passes through the parasitic diode D of the field transistor 2 with a built-in parasitic diode, and is supplied to the lamp load 3 and lit. In addition, during the half cycle period of the negative waveform of the power generation coil 1, the control circuit CONT1 controls the field transistor 2 to stop conducting when the lamp load supply voltage exceeds a certain voltage, so that the lamp load becomes constant. ing. That is, the voltage of the lamp load 3 is fully detected by the control circuit CONT1, and when the average voltage applied to the lamp load 3 increases, the control circuit CONT1 causes the electric field transistor 2 to become non-conductive and causes the negative waveform of the generator coil 1 The half cycle period is cut off, and the effective voltage of the lamp load 3 is lowered to be controlled to a predetermined value.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above circuit configuration, since necessary power is supplied to the load via the switching element, the loss of the switching element can be reduced. However, the power supplied to the lamp load 3 varies greatly depending on the state of the battery. There is a problem that load characteristics are deteriorated. Further, when the ground terminal E is disconnected, there is a disadvantage that the battery side is not controlled. The present invention provides a voltage regulator suitable for improving the power supply fluctuation efficiency without impairing the advantages of the conventional circuit and reducing the size of the generator.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 includes a battery (5) charged by the output of the generator coil (1) of the generator, and a first switching element connected in series to the battery charging circuit. (S1), a series circuit of the second switching element (S2) connected between both terminals of the power generation coil and the AC half-wave load (3), and the voltage between the terminals of the power generation coil or the AC half-wave load A first control circuit (I) for detecting a voltage and controlling the AC half-wave load voltage via the second switching element; and detecting the battery voltage and passing the first switching element through the first switching element. A generator comprising a second control circuit (II) for controlling the battery voltage, wherein the battery is charged by the positive half-wave output voltage of the power generation coil, and is fed to the AC half-wave load by the negative half-wave output voltage in the voltage regulator, said second Open state detection function of the ground terminal to the control circuit (II e) provided, this feature includes a third switching element (Q4), the input of the third output terminal said first switching element of the switching element The ground terminal is closed only when the output voltage of the power generating coil is applied between the output terminal of the third switching element and the control terminal, and is connected between the terminal and the control terminal. One switching element is configured to be conductive.
[0006]
The invention of claim 2 for solving the aforementioned problem, the ability to determine the commutation current state (II e) provided from a battery load having an output state and the inductance of the generator control circuit of the second, the The function includes a fourth switching element (Q5), the input terminal of the fourth switching element is connected to the control terminal of the third switching element, and the third switching element is only turned on when the fourth switching element is turned on. The switching element is turned on, the ground terminal is closed, and the power generating coil and the first switching element are made conductive.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 is a single-phase magnet generator, 5 is a battery (for 12V), 3 is a lamp load, 4 is a switch for lighting the lamp load, Ia is a switching element drive circuit for driving the lamp load, and Ib is a lamp load drive A control circuit for driving the switching element for switching, Ic is a lamp flicker prevention circuit for preventing the switching element driving circuit for driving the lamp load from being suddenly turned ON / OFF, and Id is for detecting the applied voltage of the lamp load Circuit, Ie is a circuit for detecting that a steep and high voltage is applied to the lamp load, If is a circuit for advancing the operation start time of each of the lamp load voltage detection circuits Ic, Id, Ie when the engine is started,
[0008]
IIa is a switching element driving circuit for charging the battery, IIb is a switching element driving control circuit for charging the battery, IIc is a circuit for detecting the battery voltage, and IId is a circuit for detecting the open state of the battery. is there.
[0009]
Next, in order to operate this, first, when the battery 5 is not fully charged, the circuit IIc for detecting the battery voltage operates the transistor Q1 because the battery voltage is below a specified value (voltage level of the Zener diode Z1). It will be turned off. Therefore, when a positive waveform output of the single-phase magnet generator 1 is generated, the thyristor S1 is ignited through the resistor 1 and the diode D1, and the battery 5 is charged. When the battery is fully charged, the circuit IIc that detects the battery voltage determines that the battery voltage is equal to or higher than a specified value (over the voltage level of the Zener diode Z1), and the transistor Q1 operates to turn on. Therefore, when a positive waveform output of the single-phase magnet generator 1 is generated, the transistor Q1 is grounded through the resistor R1 and the diode D2, and the thyristor S1 cannot be fired. Therefore, the battery 5 is not charged.
[0010]
Next, a state where the battery is open from the terminal B (no connection) will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an operation waveform diagram of each part when the battery is open. When the battery is open, the detection circuit IIc does not sufficiently detect the battery voltage, and the output voltage at the terminal B continues to be output. Therefore, in the drive circuit IIa, when the switching element S1 is conducted and the positive waveform of the generator is output to the terminal B, the generator output waveform for the absence of the battery is output as it is as shown in FIGS. As a result, the capacitor C1 is charged with the current i1 through the diode D3 → the Zener diode Z2 → the resistor R3, and the transistor Q1 is operated accordingly, and the capacitor C1 is turned on for a certain period of time while discharging the charge.
[0011]
Therefore, when a positive waveform output of the single-phase magnet generator 1 is generated in the next cycle, the transistor Q1 is grounded through the resistor 1 and the diode D2, and the thyristor S1 cannot be ignited, so that an output voltage is generated at the terminal B. do not do. Thereby, the output of the terminal B becomes constant in terms of effective voltage by performing an intermittent operation. Further, when a higher output voltage is generated at the terminal B when the positive waveform output of the single-phase magnet generator 1 is at a high speed or the like, not only the loop of the current i1, but also the capacitor C1, the diode D3 → the zener diode Z2 → the zener The diode Q3 → the resistor R4 is passed through and the battery is further charged with the current i2, so that the transistor Q1 operates and is turned on for a longer time. As a result, an intermittent operation is performed in accordance with the output of the terminal B, and effective voltage control with higher accuracy becomes possible.
[0012]
Next, when the switch 4 is turned on to operate the lamp load side, first, the negative waveform output of the single-phase magnet generator 1 is converted from the transistor Q2 emitter base, the capacitor C2 → the resistor R7 → the diode D7, and the current i3 becomes C2. , R7, the transistor Q2 is turned on, and the switching element S2 for driving the lamp load is turned on, whereby the negative waveform output of the single-phase magnet generator 1 is applied to the lamp load 3, and the lamp is turned on. Light. Next, when the negative waveform output of the single-phase magnet generator 1 is detected by the lamp load voltage detection circuit and the voltage generated between the lamp loads is less than the specified value (lower than the voltage level of the Zener diode Z4), the capacitor The current i4 flows through C3, resistor R9 → diode D9 → resistor R10 → thyristor S2, and the capacitor C3 is charged. Further, the charged electric charge of the capacitor C3 is discharged through the resistor R9. The capacitor C3 is similarly charged and discharged during the next cycle of the negative waveform output of the single-phase magnet generator 1. Therefore, since the transistor Q3 is turned off and the transistor Q2 is turned on, the lamp continues to be lit.
[0013]
Next, when the voltage generated between the lamp loads is equal to or higher than a specified value (higher than the voltage level of the Zener diode Z4), in addition to the current loop i4, between the transistor Q3 emitter and base → Zener diode Z4 → resistor R8 → diode D9 → Since the current loop i5 flows through the resistor R10 → thyristor S2, the transistor Q3 is turned on and the emitter and base of the transistor Q3 are short-circuited, so that the transistor Q2 is turned off and the thyristor S2 is a negative waveform of the single-phase magnet generator 1. It becomes non-conductive from the next cycle of output, and the lamp is turned off. These are repeated for each cycle of the negative waveform output of the single-phase magnet generator 1 to keep the lamp voltage constant. In addition, by repeating ON / OFF of the transistor Q2, the lamp load is turned on and off to maintain a constant illuminance. However, if the transistor is turned on / off too early, the lamp flickers. The operation of the transistor Q2 is delayed and adjusted by the time constant (C2 * R7).
[0014]
FIG. 5 is an operation waveform diagram of each part with respect to the output voltage fluctuation of the single-phase magnet generator 1. When a higher output voltage is generated at the terminal E when the negative waveform output is at a high speed or the like, only the loop of current i4 and current i5 is shown. Instead, the voltage generated in the resistor R10 is bypassed by the loop of the Zener diode Z5 → the resistor 11. When a higher voltage is generated in the resistor R10, the capacitor C3 is bypassed by the loop of the zener diode Z6 → resistor 12, so that the charge amount of the capacitor C3 increases as shown in FIG. Is kept on and the transistor Q2 and thyristor S2 are also kept off, so that the lamp is kept off. For this reason, the thyristor S2 intermittently changes the ON / OFF timing depending on the state of the negative waveform output voltage of the single-phase magnet generator 1, thereby enabling the effective voltage control of the lamp load with high accuracy.
[0015]
FIG. 6 is an operation waveform diagram of the lamp load voltage detection circuit at the time of engine start. When the engine is started, the capacitor C3 is charged with a negative waveform output voltage of the single-phase magnet generator 1 with a time constant of C3 * R10. It takes a certain time T1. During this time, if the negative waveform output voltage of the single-phase magnet generator 1 rapidly becomes a high voltage, the thyristor S2 remains in a conductive state, and an overvoltage is applied to the lamp load, causing the lamp to run out. In order to prevent this, as shown in FIG. 6, in addition to the current loop i4, the time for rapidly charging the capacitor C3 from the capacitor C3, the resistor R9 → the diode D8 → the resistor R13 to the Zener diode Z7 can be accelerated to T2. it can. As a result, the operation start time of the circuit for detecting the applied voltage of the lamp load of Id is advanced. This prevents an overvoltage from being applied to the lamp load and causing the lamp to run out.
[0016]
From the above, the generator waveform can be supplied in a well-balanced manner by allocating the positive waveform to the battery charge and the negative waveform to the lamp load with respect to the output waveform of the generator. Further, effective value voltage control suitable for the load can be performed even if output voltage fluctuations of each phase occur due to fluctuations in the engine speed, battery, and lamp load.
[0017]
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, which is provided with a circuit IIe for detecting the case where the terminal E is disconnected. The operation of this circuit is such that the battery voltage detection circuit IIc and the battery open detection circuit IId do not work when the terminal E is disconnected and becomes open, so that the positive waveform output voltage of the single-phase magnet generator 1 is a resistance as shown in FIG. Since a loop passing through R1 → diode D1 → gate of thyristor → battery is formed, the thyristor S1 is always in a conductive state, and the battery is overcharged. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, only when the positive waveform output voltage of the single-phase magnet generator 1 passes through the resistor R1 → the transistor Q4 (emitter base) → the resistor R14 → the diode 10 → the terminal E, the transistor Q4 is turned on and the thyristor is turned on. It becomes possible to supply a gate current to S1. Therefore, in a state where the terminal E is disconnected, the transistor Q4 cannot conduct, so the thyristor S1 cannot operate, and overcharging of the battery can be prevented.
[0018]
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. When a load having an inductance component such as a winker relay is connected to an output terminal in a battery open state, the load is reversed by turning the load ON / OFF. While the electromotive force is generated and the commutation current corresponding to the inductance disappears in the thyristor S1 through the ground E and the generator 1, the current flows, the thyristor S1 continues to be in the ON state, the battery open detection circuit IId does not work, and the overvoltage Output is generated. Therefore, only when the sine wave output voltage of the generator 1 passes through the resistor R14, the transistor Q5 (emitter, base), and the terminal E, the transistor Q4 is turned on and the gate current to the thyristor S1 can be supplied. Accordingly, a load having an inductance component is connected to the output terminal, and the transistors Q4 and 5 cannot be turned on by the commutation current, so that the thyristor S1 cannot operate, and overcharging when the battery is open can be prevented.
[0019]
[Explanation of effects]
According to the configuration of the present invention, the positive waveform is distributed to the battery charge with respect to the output waveform of the generator, and the negative waveform is distributed to the lamp load, so that the generator energy can be supplied in a balanced manner. Further, effective value voltage control suitable for the load can be performed even if output voltage fluctuations of each phase occur due to fluctuations in the engine speed, battery, and lamp load. Furthermore, it is possible to have the performance of preventing overcharging of the battery even when the ground terminal is disconnected. Further, the present invention can be applied to a small motorcycle that requires a battery charge control function and an AC lamp load voltage control function.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional charging apparatus. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of FIG. 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of the operation of the lamp load voltage detection circuit for the engine star and the hour. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. Example circuit diagram [Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Single-phase magnet generator,
2 ... 12V battery 3 ... Lamp load 4 ... Switch
Q1… Drive switching element for energizing the negative load section to the lamp load,
D1 ... Rectifying element for energizing the positive load section to the lamp load,
S1: Drive switching element for energizing the 12V battery with the output of the generator,
CONT1… Control circuit,
CONT2 ... Control circuit for driving Q1,
Ia: switching element driving circuit for driving the lamp load,
Ib: a control circuit for driving a switching element for driving a lamp load,
Ic: Lamp flicker prevention circuit,
Id: a circuit for detecting the applied voltage of the lamp load,
Ie: a circuit for detecting that a steep and high voltage is applied to the lamp load,
If ... Circuit that accelerates the load voltage detection circuit operation start time at engine start,
IIa: switching element drive circuit for charging the battery,
IIb: switching element drive control circuit for charging the battery,
IIc: circuit for detecting battery voltage,
IId: Circuit that detects when battery is open
IIe... Circuits QI, Q2, Q3, Q4. . . Transistors D1-D10. . . Diode S1, S2 ... Switching element (thyristor)
Z1 to Z7 ... Constant voltage element (Zener diode)
R1-R13 ... resistance

Claims (2)

A battery (5) charged by the output of the generator coil (1) of the generator, a first switching element (S1) connected in series to the battery charging circuit, and a connection between both terminals of the generator coil A series circuit of the second switching element (S2) and the AC half-wave load (3) , the voltage between the terminals of the power generation coil or the AC half-wave load voltage is detected, and the second switching element is passed through the second switching element. A first control circuit ( I ) for controlling the AC half-wave load voltage , and a second control circuit ( II ) for detecting the battery voltage and controlling the battery voltage via the first switching element. A voltage regulator for a generator that charges the battery with a positive half-wave output voltage of the power generation coil and supplies power to the AC half-wave load with a negative half-wave output voltage . Terminal open state detector Ability to (II e) provided, this feature includes a third switching element (Q4), connected between the input terminal and the control terminal of the third output terminal said first switching element of the switching element The ground terminal is closed only when the output voltage of the power generation coil is applied between the output terminal of the third switching element and the control terminal so that the power generation coil and the first switching element are conducted. A voltage regulator for a generator , characterized in that it is configured . Ability to determine the commutation current state from a battery load having an output state and the inductance of the generator control circuit of the second to (II e) provided, this feature comprises a fourth switching element (Q5), the The input terminal of the fourth switching element is connected to the control terminal of the third switching element, the third switching element is turned on only when the fourth switching element is turned on, the ground terminal is closed, and the 2. The voltage regulator for a generator according to claim 1, wherein the generator coil and the first switching element are electrically connected .

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