JP4093821B2 - Linked hot / cold water system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a connected chilled / hot water device, and in particular, a chiller / hot water machine forming a chilled / hot water cycle by a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser and a throttling mechanism as a module, and several of them are connected in parallel. The present invention relates to a connected chilled / hot water apparatus that enables control of the inlet / outlet temperature of chilled water or hot water, the flow rate of chilled water or hot water, and the water supply pressure in a system that is an integrated chilled / hot water machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional coupled cold / hot water apparatus will be described with reference to an overall configuration diagram shown in FIG.
In FIG. 4, 1 is an inlet connecting pipe, 2 is cold (warm) water or brine pump, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 are chilled and hot water machines, 8 is an outlet connecting pipe, 9 is an inlet temperature, and 10 is an outlet temperature. , 11 is a feed header, 12 is a return header, 13 is a cold / hot water bypass valve, 14 and 15 are load heat exchangers such as an air conditioner, 16 and 17 are load capacity control valves, 18 is a cooling water / heat source water pump, 19 Is a circulating cooling water / heat source water tank, 20 is a transient cooling water / heat source water source, 21 is a return of transient cooling water / heat source water, and 22, 23, 24, 25 are circulating transient switching valves. As is apparent from the figure, the connected chilled / hot water apparatus has the load facilities 14 and 15 and a plurality of chiller / heater units 3 to 7 connected in parallel connected in a loop by chilled / hot water pipes. A cooling water / heat source water pipe is connected to the machine together with a cold / hot water pipe. The chilled / hot water pipe is composed of a chilled / hot water feed pipe that supplies chilled water or hot water from the chiller / heater to the load-side equipment, and a chilled / hot water return pipe that returns chilled water or hot water from the load-side equipment to the chiller / heater. The cooling water / heat source water pipe is a cooling water / heat source water return pipe that sends cooling water or heat source water from the chiller / heater, and a cooling water / heat source water feed pipe that sends the cooling water or heat source water to the chiller / heater. It consists of and. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, a feed header 11 and a return header 12 are arranged in a cold / hot water feed pipe and a cold / hot water return pipe, respectively.
[0003]
With this facility, cold (warm) water or brine is pumped from the return header 12 by cold (warm) water or brine pump 2 and enters cold water / hot water machines 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and is cooled or heated. The At this time, the temperature is controlled so that the outlet temperature 10 of the chilled / hot water mixed in the chilled / hot water outlet connecting pipe 8 becomes constant, and is sent from the feed header 11 to the load facilities 14 and 15.
[0004]
The operation state shown in FIG. 4 indicates an operation in which cold water or brine is being cooled. In this operating state, when the cooling load decreases, the amount of cold water or brine that is passed to the load heat exchanger is reduced by restricting the load capacity control valves 16 and 17, and the chiller / heater is controlled by the unit control calculation. Reduce the number of operating units. However, for example, when the hot and cold water machines 6 and 7 are stopped, the cold water or brine cooled by the remaining cold and hot water machines 3, 4 and 5 and the stopped cold and hot water machines 6 and 7 are passed through the inlet temperature 9. Cold water or brine is mixed in the outlet connecting pipe 8, and the outlet temperature 10 rises as compared with the operation of the whole cold / hot water machine. In this case, in order to make it the same temperature as the outlet temperature 10 at the time of operation of all the chilled water heaters, the outlet temperatures of the chilled water heaters 3, 4, and 5 being controlled are controlled to be lower than those at the time of operating all the chilled water heaters. There is a need.
[0005]
For example, when the outlet temperature is set to 7.0 ° C. and the inlet temperature 9 is 10.0 ° C., the outlet temperatures of the chilled water heaters 3, 4 and 5 must be 5.0 ° C.
Further, the cooling water or the heat source water is also passed through the stopped chiller / heater similarly to the operating unit.
[0006]
In this case, (1) in order to keep the outlet temperature 10 constant, in addition to a device that controls the inlet or outlet temperature of the chilled water or hot water of each chilled water heater to a set temperature, the number of chilled water A separate control device is required to change the set value of the cold water or hot water inlet or outlet temperature of each chiller / hot water machine according to the number of operating machines. C.). O. P (coefficient of performance) declines and excessive energy is consumed. (3) As the load capacity control valves 16 and 17 are throttled due to load reduction, excessive cold (warm) water or brine is bypassed by cold and hot water. For the cooling water system at the time of cold water production or the heat source water system at the time of hot water production (during heat pump operation), the cooling temperature due to load reduction is caused for the same reason as above. When controlling the number of water machines to be operated, the conveyance power was wasted, and (5) there was a problem that the internal piping of the cold / hot water machine that was stopped was unnecessarily dirty.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and changes the set value of the inlet or outlet target temperature of each chilled water heater when some of the connected chiller water heaters are stopped by unit control. It is possible to provide a connected chilled / hot water device that can control the supply of chilled / warm water to a load-side facility at a target temperature and at an appropriate flow rate, and can also reduce the motive power of cooling water or heat source water. And
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
1. A chilled / hot water apparatus in which a load-side facility and a plurality of chilled / hot water machines connected in parallel are connected in a loop by chilled / hot water pipes; Cooling water / heat source water piping is connected; cold / hot water piping includes cold / hot water feed piping that supplies cold water or hot water from the cold / hot water machine to the load side equipment, and cold water / hot water from the load side equipment The cooling water / heat source water pipe is a cooling water / heat source water return pipe for flowing cooling water or heat source water from the cooling / heating machine, and the cooling water / heat source water is cooled / warm water. It consists of cooling water / heat source water supply piping to be sent to the machine; cold / hot water inlet piping for supplying cold / hot water to each cold / hot water device and / or cold / hot water outlet piping for flowing cold / hot water from each cold / hot water device Are equipped with a water flow valve; In addition, a device for controlling the flow rate of the cold / hot water by opening and closing the water flow valves provided in the cold / hot water inlet pipe and / or the cold / hot water outlet pipe of each cold / hot water machine is provided; A type cold / hot water apparatus is provided.
[0009]
The various preferred embodiments of the present invention are as follows.
2. A pump having a variable speed device or a plurality of pumps are disposed in a path of a chilled / hot water pipe connecting a plurality of chiller / heaters and load side equipment; pump discharge pressure fluctuated by opening / closing of the water flow valve; or And a control device for adjusting the differential pressure between the chilled / hot water feed pipe and the chilled / hot water return pipe to an appropriate pressure by speed control by a variable speed device of the pump or by controlling the number of plural pumps; The connected cold / hot water apparatus according to claim 1.
[0010]
3. A bypass path connecting the chilled / hot water feed pipe and the chilled / hot water return pipe is arranged in the path of the chilled / hot water pipe connecting the plurality of chiller / heaters and the load side equipment; the bypass flow rate through the bypass path is made close to 0 As described above, the connected chilled / hot water device according to the second aspect is provided with a control device that performs speed control by a variable speed device of the pump or control of the number of a plurality of pumps.
[0011]
4). The hot / cold water feed pipe and the hot / cold water return pipe are provided with the cold / hot water feed header and the cold / hot water return header, respectively; The connected chilled / hot water device according to the above item 2, characterized in that a control device that adjusts to an appropriate pressure by speed control or number control of a plurality of pumps is provided.
[0012]
5. The cold / hot water feed pipe and the cold / hot water return pipe are provided with a cold / hot water feed header and a cold / hot water return header, respectively, and a bypass path is formed between the headers; The connected chilled / hot water device according to the above item 3, characterized in that a control device that performs speed control by a variable speed device of the pump or control of the number of a plurality of pumps is arranged so as to approach 0.
[0013]
6). Water supply valve to cooling water / heat source water inlet pipe for supplying cooling water or heat source water to each chiller / heater and / or cooling water / heat source water outlet pipe for flowing cooling water or heat source water from each chiller / heater Controls the number of the chilled water heaters and opens / closes the water supply valves provided in the cooling water / heat source water inlet pipe and / or the cooling water / heat source water outlet pipe of each chiller / hot water machine. The connected cold / hot water apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein an apparatus for controlling the flow rate of cooling water or heat source water is provided.
[0014]
7). A pump having a variable speed device or a plurality of pumps are arranged in the path of the cooling water / heat source water piping; pump discharge pressure fluctuated by opening / closing of the water flow valve, or cooling water / heat source water return piping and cooling water A control device is provided that adjusts the differential pressure with the heat source water feed pipe to an appropriate pressure by speed control using a variable speed device of the pump or number control of a plurality of pumps; The connected cold / hot water apparatus according to the item.
[0015]
8). A bypass path connecting the cooling water / heat source water feed pipe and the cooling water / heat source water return pipe is arranged in the path of the cooling water / heat source water piping; the bypass flow rate through the bypass path is made close to zero. The connected chilled / hot water device according to claim 7, wherein a control device that performs speed control by a variable speed device or a number control of a plurality of pumps is provided.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The connected chilled / hot water device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a module type connecting a plurality of chilled / hot water devices in parallel to form a set of chilled / hot water devices. A temperature control function is provided to control the number of operating chilled water heaters in response to load fluctuations, and the chilled water inlet piping of each chilled water heater corresponding to the number control of the chilled water heaters Or the pump which rose by opening and closing the water flow valve attached to the cold / hot water outlet piping, controlling the total flow rate of the cold / hot water passed through the set of the cold / hot water machines, and further opening / closing the water flow valve A function to save energy by eliminating waste of conveyance power by adjusting the discharge pressure or the differential pressure between the feed pipe and return pipe of cold / hot water to an appropriate pressure by controlling the number of pump variable speed devices or pumps. I have it.
[0017]
Further, the connected chiller / heater device according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a module type connecting a plurality of chiller / heater units in parallel to form a chiller / heater unit, and each chiller / heater unit has an inlet or outlet temperature. In addition to having the function of controlling the number of operating chilled water heaters according to the load variation, the cooling water / heat source water inlet piping of each chilled water heater is controlled according to the number control of the chilled water heaters Or, open and close the water flow valve attached to the cooling water / heat source water outlet pipe to control the total flow rate of the cooling water / heat source water to be passed to the chiller / heater set, and open and close the water flow valve. By adjusting the pump discharge pressure or the differential pressure between the cooling water / heat source water feed pipe and return pipe to an appropriate pressure by controlling the number of pumps or the number of pumps, It has a function to save energy by eliminating.
[0018]
Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration diagram of a chilled / hot water apparatus constructed by connecting five module-connected chiller / heater units and two load-side facilities according to one embodiment of the present invention. Let's take an example.
[0019]
At the same time, the chilled water temperature and the chilled water flow rate are shown in the figure as specific examples when the cooling load is reduced.
Here, the cold water or brine temperature set in advance in each cold / hot water machine is 7.0 ° C., and the cold water or brine flow rate per module type cold / hot water machine is Q.
[0020]
In FIG. 1, 1 to 25 are the same as those in FIG. 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 are cold / hot water water flow valves, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 are cooling water / heat source water water flow valves, 36 is cold / hot water or brine pump discharge pressure detectors, and 37 is pressure. The regulator 38 is a cold / hot water or brine pump variable speed device, 39 is a cooling water / heat source water pump discharge pressure detector, 40 is a pressure regulator, and 41 is a cooling water / heat source water pump variable speed device.
[0021]
The operation status of the connected chiller / heater shown in FIG. 1 will be described. When the load is reduced and the chiller / heaters 6 and 7 are stopped by controlling the number of units, the chilled / hot water flow valves 29 and 30 are closed. The cold water or brine flowing to the cold water heaters 6 and 7 being stopped is shut off. As a result, the outlet temperatures of the chiller / heater units 3, 4, and 5 during operation remain 7.0 ° C., the outlet temperature 10 becomes 7.0 ° C., and cold water or brine of 7.0 ° C. can be supplied to the load side equipment. .
[0022]
Further, by closing the cold water or hot water flow valves 29, 30, the discharge pressure of the cold hot water or brine pump 2 increases, and this increase in pump discharge pressure is detected by the cold hot water or brine pump discharge pressure detector 36. Then, the pressure controller 37 controls the cold / hot water or brine pump variable speed device 38 to reduce the discharge pressure of the cold / hot water or the brine pump 2, thereby reducing wasteful conveyance power. be able to. Further, when the load capacity control valves 16 and 17 are throttled in accordance with the reduction of the load amount, surplus cold / hot water flows to the cold / hot water bypass valve 13, but the discharge flow rate of the pump 2 is reduced as described above. As a result, the flow rate of the cold / hot water bypass valve 13 can be made close to 0, thereby further reducing the conveyance power.
[0023]
As for the cooling water, when the chiller / heaters 6 and 7 are stopped, the cooling water flowing through the stopped chiller / heater is shut off by closing the cooling water / heat source water flow valves 34 and 35.
Further, since the discharge pressure of the cooling water / heat source water pump 18 is increased by closing the cooling water / heat source water flow valves 34, 35, the discharge pressure is detected by the cooling water / heat source water pump discharge pressure detector 39, Transmission to the pressure regulator 40 and control of the cooling water / heat source water pump variable speed device 41 by the pressure regulator 40 to reduce the discharge pressure of the cooling water / heat source water pump 18, thereby reducing unnecessary conveyance power. can do.
[0024]
FIG. 2 shows an overall configuration diagram of a cold / hot water apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention, which is different from FIG.
In the facility of FIG. 2, 1 to 35 are the same as those of FIG. 2 'is cold / hot water or brine pump, 18' is cooling water / heat source water pump, 36 'is header differential pressure detector, 37' is differential pressure regulator, 39 'is cooling water differential pressure transmitter, 40' is differential It is a pressure regulator.
[0025]
In the case of this equipment, instead of the cold / hot water or the discharge pressure of the brine pump 2, the differential pressure detector 36 ′ detects the header differential pressure between the feed header 11 and the return header 12, and the differential pressure adjuster 37. , And the number of cold / hot water or brine pumps 2, 2 ′ can be controlled by the differential pressure regulator to reduce useless conveyance power. Although FIG. 2 illustrates an example in which two cold / hot water or brine pumps are installed, the same applies to the case of two or more. The same applies to the case where cold / hot water or brine secondary pumps 42 and 43 are used.
[0026]
For the cooling water or heat source water for chilled water heaters, the differential pressure detector 39 'detects the differential pressure between the cooling water feed pipe and the cooling water return pipe instead of the discharge pressure of the cooling water / heat source water pump. The number of cooling water / heat source water pumps 18, 18 ′ can be controlled by the differential pressure regulator 40 ′, and wasteful conveyance power can be reduced. Although FIG. 2 illustrates an example in which two cooling water / heat source water pumps are installed, the same applies to the case of two or more pumps.
[0027]
In FIGS. 1 and 2, the system in which the cold / hot water feed header and the cold / hot water return header are arranged in the cold / hot water feed pipe and the cold / hot water return pipe, respectively, is described, but the feed header and the return header are arranged. The present invention can be applied to a system that does not. For example, in the system shown in FIG. 1, without providing the cold / hot water feed header 11 and the return header 12, a bypass path is connected between the cold / hot water feed pipe and the return pipe, and the flow rate of the cold / hot water passing through the bypass path. The discharge flow rate of the pump 2 can be controlled so as to approach 0. In the system of FIG. 2, similarly, the differential pressure detector 36 ′ and the bypass path can be connected between the cold / hot water feed pipe and the return pipe without arranging the feed header 11 and the return header 12. it can.
[0028]
The description so far has described the case of cooling with cold water or brine, but the same applies to the case of heating with hot water.
In addition, in FIG. 3, the whole block diagram of each cold / hot water machine used for this invention is shown.
[0029]
In FIG. 3, 44 is an evaporator, 45 is a compressor, 46 is a condenser, and 47 is a throttle mechanism.
The refrigeration cycle of the cold / hot water machine of FIG. 3 will be described. The refrigerant gas evaporated by the evaporator 44 is compressed by the compressor 45, introduced into the condenser 46, cooled by the cooling water 48 and liquefied, and liquefied refrigerant liquid Is reduced in pressure by the throttle mechanism 47 and enters the refrigerant chamber of the evaporator 44, and is circulated by removing heat from the cold water or brine entering from the cold water or brine inlet nozzle 1 while evaporating. Thereby, the cold water or brine is cooled and exits from the cold water or brine outlet nozzle 8.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by adopting the above-described control method in the connected chilled / hot water apparatus, (1) the chilled / hot water of each chilled / hot water machine is controlled in accordance with the number control of the chilled / hot water machines accompanying the reduction of the load amount. There is no need for a separate device that performs control to change the set value (target temperature) of the inlet or outlet temperature of the water. (2) Even if some of the hot / cold water heaters stop, Since there is no need to reduce the C.I. O. P (coefficient of performance) does not decrease and cold / warm water can be supplied to the load-side equipment at the target temperature, and (3) the cold / warm water and the cooling water / heat source water should have appropriate flow rates corresponding to the cooling or heating load. Therefore, transport power is not wasted, and (4) it is possible to perform an operation that does not unnecessarily contaminate the internal piping of the cold / hot water machine that is stopped.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a chilled / hot water apparatus in which a module-coupled chiller / heater and a load-side facility are connected according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram showing a chilled / hot water apparatus in which a module-coupled chiller / heater and a load-side facility are connected according to another aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of each chiller / heater used in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a chilled / hot water apparatus in which a conventional module-coupled chiller / heater is connected to load-side equipment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Inlet connecting pipe, 2, 2 ′: Cold (warm) water or brine pump, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7: Chilled water heater, 8: Outlet connecting pipe, 9: Inlet temperature, 10: Outlet temperature, 11: Feed header, 12: Return header, 13: Cold / hot water bypass valve, 14, 15: Load heat exchanger, 16, 17: Load capacity control valve, 18, 18 ': Cooling water / heat source water pump, 19: Circulation Cooling water / heat source water tank, 20: transient cooling water / heat source water source, 21: transient cooling water / heat source water return, 22, 23, 24, 25: circulation type transient switching valve, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30: Cold water or hot water flow valve 31, 32, 33, 34, 35: Cooling water / heat source water flow valve, 36: Cold (hot) water or brine pump discharge pressure detector, 36 ': Header differential pressure detector, 37: Pressure regulator, 37 ': Differential pressure regulator, 38: Cold (hot) water or brine pump variable Speed device, 39: Cooling water / heat source water pump discharge pressure detector, 39 ': Cooling water differential pressure transmitter, 40: Pressure regulator, 40': Differential pressure regulator, 41: Cooling water / heat source water pump variable speed Equipment, 42, 43: Cold (warm) water or brine secondary pump, 44: Evaporator, 45: Compressor, 46: Condenser, 47: Throttle mechanism

Claims (5)

A cold / hot water apparatus in which a load-side facility and a plurality of cold / hot water machines connected in parallel are connected in a loop by a cold / hot water pipe;
The chiller / heater is connected to the chilled / hot water pipe as well as the cooling / heat source water pipe;
The chilled / hot water pipe is composed of a chilled / hot water feed pipe that supplies chilled water or hot water from the chilled / hot water machine to the load side equipment, and a chilled / hot water return pipe that returns chilled water or hot water from the load side equipment to the chilled / hot water machine. The chilled / hot water inlet pipe for supplying chilled / warm water to each chiller / heater and / or the chilled / hot water outlet pipe for flowing chilled / warm water from each chiller / heater is provided with a chilled / hot water flow valve; A device that controls the number of chilled / hot water units and controls the flow rate of chilled / hot water by opening / closing the chilled / hot water water supply valves provided in the chilled / hot water inlet piping and / or the chilled / hot water outlet piping of each chilled / hot water device. Arrangement;
The cooling water / heat source water pipe is composed of a cooling water / heat source water return pipe for flowing cooling water or heat source water from the chiller / heater and a cooling water / heat source water feed pipe for sending the cooling water or heat source water to the chiller / heater. Cooling water / heat source water inlet piping for supplying cooling water or heat source water to each chiller / heater and / or cooling water / heat source water outlet piping for flowing cooling water or heat source water from each chiller / heater A cooling water / heat source water flow valve is provided; the number of the plurality of chilled water heaters is controlled, and a cooling water / heat source water inlet pipe and / or a cooling water / heat source water outlet pipe of each chilled water heater is provided. A device for controlling the flow rate of cooling water or heat source water by opening and closing the cooling water / heat source water flow valve provided in
A cooling water / heat source water pump having a variable speed device or a plurality of cooling water / heat source water pumps are arranged in the path of the cooling water / heat source water piping; the cooling fluctuated by opening / closing the cooling water / heat source water flow valve Water / heat source water pump discharge pressure, or differential pressure between cooling water / heat source water return pipe and cooling water / heat source water feed pipe, speed control by cooling water / heat source water pump variable speed device or cooling of multiple units A connected cold / hot water apparatus characterized by comprising a control device that adjusts to an appropriate pressure by controlling the number of water / heat source water pumps . The path of the hot and cold water pipe for connecting the plurality of chiller and a load-side facilities, hot and cold water pump or a plurality hot and cold water pumps are arranged with a variable speed device; change by opening and closing of the cold and hot water through the water valve Adjust the chilled / hot water pump discharge pressure or the differential pressure between the chilled / hot water feed pipe and the chilled / hot water return pipe to the appropriate pressure by controlling the speed of the chilled / hot water pump variable speed device or controlling the number of chilled / hot water pumps. The connected cold / hot water device according to claim 1, wherein a control device is provided. A bypass path connecting the chilled / hot water feed pipe and the chilled / hot water return pipe is arranged in the path of the chilled / hot water pipe connecting the plurality of chiller / heaters and the load side equipment; the bypass flow rate through the bypass path is made close to 0 As described above, the connected chilled / hot water device according to claim 2, wherein a control device that performs speed control by a chilled / hot water pump variable speed device or a number control of a plurality of chilled / hot water pumps is provided. The hot and cold water delivery pipe and hot and cold water return pipe, respectively, hot and cold water feed header and cold water return header is provided; the differential pressure between both headers varied by opening and closing the hot and cold water through the water valve, the cold water pump Friendly The connected chilled / hot water device according to claim 2, wherein a controller for adjusting the pressure to an appropriate pressure is provided by speed control by a transmission or by controlling the number of chilled / hot water pumps. The cold / hot water feed pipe and the cold / hot water return pipe are provided with a cold / hot water feed header and a cold / hot water return header, respectively, and a bypass path is formed between the headers; The connected chilled / hot water device according to claim 3, wherein a control device that controls the speed of the chilled / hot water pump variable speed device or the number of chilled / hot water pumps is arranged so as to approach 0. .

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