JP4092030B2 - How to repair mountain trails - Google Patents

Description

【００２４】
ポーラスコンクリートブロックの形状は、平板状で断面の厚さが５ｃｍ、平面部の寸法は４０×４０ｃｍのポーラスコンクリート平板を製造した。該ポーラスコンクリート平板の敷設は、その下位の土全てを覆うように敷き詰めた。敷設後に、ポーラスコンクリート平板の上面に市販されている園芸用土に予め採取した施工場所周辺の植物種子を混合したものを散布し、はき均しながら空隙に充填させていった。
【００２５】
上記のようにして洗堀部を補修し、施工後４ケ月間観察した結果、▲１▼降雨時には以前より水流速度が遅くなり、土砂の流出が少なくなった。▲２▼洗堀部は不規則な凹凸やぬかるみがあり歩行しにくかったが、施工後は平坦になり、しかもぬかるみは解消され歩きやすくなった。▲３▼ポーラスコンクリート平板に充填された種子が発芽してきた。また、修復部の端部では非修復部に繁茂していた植物が伸びて活着し始めており、確実に植生復帰効果を示した。
【００２６】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る登山道の修復方法によって、以下の諸効果を期待することができる。（１）降雨時又はその後に発生する登山道に沿って流れる雨水は、補修部の内部に速やかに浸透するため、歩道部に水や泥土等が滞留することがなく、歩行し易くなる。（２）雨水は補修部の内部においてゆるやかな流れとなって流下するため、土砂の流出が少なくなって洗堀が制御されるとゝもに、地下への浸透水量も多くなる。（３）本修復方法を採用することで洗堀場所の植生を復帰させることが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る登山道の修復方法を示す断面説明図である。
【図２】本発明に係る登山道の他の修復方法を示す断面説明図である。
【図３】図２の平面説明図である。
【符号の説明】
Ａ 登山道
１ 塊状の物質
２ 透水性シート
３ 土
４ ポーラスコンクリートブロック
５ 擬石様平板[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for repairing a hiking trail that has been scoured, and more particularly to a method for repairing a hiking trail that makes it easy to prevent scouring and walk on the trail by running water during rainfall and is effective for vegetation restoration.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as a result of the development of a transportation network in mountainous areas, it has become possible to easily reach the foot of the mountain by car, and it has become possible to step on the mountain trail relatively easily. In general, mountain trails are often composed of soil that is easily eroded by water currents, such as soil and crushed materials, and they are supported by the roots of plants. Many. For this reason, the soil is easily washed away by the water flow, and a phenomenon occurs in which the soil is gradually scoured in a U shape.
[0003]
The mountain trail that started scouring in this way is one level lower than the surroundings on the topography, so it becomes a waterway for rainwater to flow down during rainfall. Therefore, the mountain trail is further excavated by this flowing water stream, and it becomes difficult to walk because it is narrow and muddy and muddy, or the unevenness is severe, so avoid the mountain path that became difficult to walk by all means and make it easy to walk There are an increasing number of climbers walking along the prosperous parts of the plant.
[0004]
As a result of the above, the plants around the mountain trail are stepped over, the soil supported by the roots of the plant becomes easy to be scoured, and the scouring area further expands. In many cases, it is a designated natural park, but there was a problem that valuable plants disappeared. As a result of investigating this damage in the main ridgeline of the Asahi mountain range that spans Yamagata Prefecture and Niigata Prefecture, scouring areas exceeding 5m wide, 1m deep and 100m long were found in various places. Similar scours are also seen in other mountain systems, and the challenge is to stop and restore natural destruction and secure a strong mountain trail.
[0005]
Conventionally, as a method for solving these problems, (a) a method in which several wooden piles are embedded in the ground, a backing plate is fixed to the pile portion above the ground surface of the pile, and this is used as a step, (B) A method is adopted in which the scoured bare ground is covered with soil and the vegetation is restored by covering the bare ground with cocoons made of straw.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the above (a), since the resistance to flowing water and landslide during rain is small, when the rain is severe, it flows down on the backing plate, and the mountain trail becomes a waterway. As a result, the earth and sand were scoured by this sewage, and the mountain trail was often deeper and U-shaped. In addition, since there is no opening in the step receiving plate, when water flows, water flows like a waterfall to the lower part of the step at once, and the lower part of the step is easily scoured.
[0007]
And since the ground around the pile of the step is loosened and the soil is likely to flow out, the step itself may collapse after a long time. Furthermore, since piles and backing plates are often made of wood, they have the disadvantages of rapid deterioration and short durability. In the case of the above (b), there is a problem that the soil is easily washed away by rainwater except on a flat ground or a place where the slope is extremely gentle.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention was made to solve the conventional problems as described above, and makes it easy to walk on a mountain trail, not widening the walking part, and vegetation in a scoured place other than the walking part. The purpose of this is to provide a scouring mountain path filled with a massive substance that does not collapse due to load or water flow during walking. After securing the foundation and rainwater flow path, cover it with a water-permeable sheet, cover the top with soil, and then install a porous concrete block filled with soil in the internal space above it. There is a method for repairing a mountain trail, which is characterized by having a return and good walking ability.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a method for repairing a mountain trail according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. In the figure, A is a mountain trail that has been scoured in a U-shape by running water such as rainwater. On the top of A, the massive substance 1, the sheet 2, the soil 3, and the porous concrete block 4 are installed in order from the lower side to the upper side.
[0010]
The construction method is as follows. First, the bottom of the scoured mountain trail A is filled with the massive substance 1 so that the walking portion has a water-permeable structure. The bulk material 1 may be natural rock, cobblestone, gravel, crushed stone, styrofoam, lightweight artificial rock, or the like, as long as it does not easily collapse due to walking load or water. % Voids are formed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the generation of a flowing water stream having a high flow velocity after rainfall, and to smoothly infiltrate the water from the ground surface to the underground. In addition, from the viewpoint of walking ability, the massive substance 1 may be finer in particle size from the lower order to the upper order.
[0011]
Next, the massive substance 1 is covered with a sheet 2. The sheet 2 is required to have a capability of allowing rainwater to permeate and holding the soil 3 on the top. Therefore, a sheet composed of a fibrous material is preferable. More preferably, in view of the landscape, fibers composed of natural fibers such as straw and coconut are preferred. And although not shown in figure, this sheet | seat 2 is good to hold | suppress with a hook-like nail etc. along the both ends so that it may not peel easily from the mountain path A.
[0012]
A soil 3 is laid on the sheet 2. This soil 3 may be any soil used for general plant cultivation. However, in natural parks that require consideration for the surrounding vegetation, it is better to use high-temperature sterilized soil using an autoclave or the like in order to prevent the breeding of plants other than the plant species growing there. Moreover, you may mix the soil for mixing and fertilizers, such as pearlite and vermiculite, as needed.
[0013]
Then, a porous concrete block 4 is laid on the soil 3. The porous concrete block 4 uses cement, water, coarse aggregate, admixture, and uses a fine aggregate of 5 mm or less that is usually used. Or it is formed with the thing which uses only about 0.6 mm of fine sand, and has a lot of voids in the inside with a braided structure. As the cement to be used, ordinary Portland cement, early strength Portland cement such as Portland cement or mixed cement is used.
[0014]
Moreover, what is prescribed | regulated to JISA5308 (ready mixed concrete), such as tap water, can be used for water. The coarse aggregate is gravel, crushed stone, and lightweight aggregate that are used as coarse aggregate for concrete. The admixture uses the water reducing agent, AE water reducing agent, and high performance AE water reducing agent admixture described in JIS A6204 (Chemical Admixture for Concrete) to improve the dispersibility of cement particles, and to reduce unit water volume and increase strength. Plan.
[0015]
The above materials are added and kneaded, and then formed into a block shape. Thereafter, curing such as steam curing, air curing, and water curing is performed to obtain a porous concrete block 4. The shape is flat, the thickness of the cross section is 5 to 10 cm, and the dimension of the plane portion is about 30 to 50 cm, which is easy to work from the viewpoint of the covering property and weight of the lower soil 3. Moreover, it is preferable that the strength of the specimen prepared using the concrete is expressed by 10 N / mm ² or more so as not to be damaged during handling such as transportation and walking.
[0016]
Next, soil is filled in the voids of the porous concrete block 4. This can provide an environment in which vegetation can easily return. The soil used for filling may be equivalent to the soil 3 laid under the block 4 described above.
[0017]
By taking the above embodiment, the restoration is excellent in walking ability, scour resistance, and vegetation restoration. Here, on the upper surface of the porous concrete block 4, a mixture of plant seeds around the construction site collected in advance on the horticultural soil is sprayed and filled in the voids of the porous concrete block 4 while leveling. It can also be made.
[0018]
As described above, the example of the configuration in which the lower soil 3 is entirely covered with the porous concrete block 4 as shown in FIG. 1 has been described. However, as shown in FIG. The object of the present invention can also be achieved by installing the pseudo stone-like flat plate 5 and laying the porous concrete block 4 on the left and right sides thereof. In this case, the porous concrete blocks 4 and 4 also function as a soil retainer.
[0019]
Therefore, the water flowing down along the mountain path A due to the rain flows to the lower soil 3 through the internal voids of the porous concrete block 4 and between the porous concrete blocks 4, 4. It flows into the massive substance 1 through the sheet 2 laid down below. And while flowing down in this lump-like substance 1 from the mountain side toward the valley side, the falling water hits each lump-like substance 1, 1 and flows down while bypassing the gap. As a result, the flowing water speed is reduced, and the flow becomes gentle and flows down between the massive substances 1 in the valley direction. Therefore, there is almost no amount of water flowing on the surface of the mountain trail A, and no mud stays in the scour, so a state suitable for walking is maintained.
[0020]
In addition, when the voids of the porous concrete block 4 are filled with plant seeds, the seeds of this plant, and after the construction, the seeds of surrounding plants enter the voids of the porous concrete block 4. The seeds of this plant are germinated by the water contained in the soil in the porous concrete block 4 and the soil 3 in the lower layer, respectively, and are in a state of vegetation restoration.
[0021]
【Example】
A mountain road that was scoured in a U-shape with a width of about 120 cm and a depth of 60 cm was first filled with gravels with a major axis of 10 to 40 cm to a depth of 20 cm, and then 40-0 crushed stone (particle size 40 mm to 0 mm). ) Was laid down to a thickness of 10 cm. After that, all the scouring area is covered with a sheet made of natural coconut fiber (palm fiber) [Nikken Engineering Co., Ltd. “Stella Sheet” (product name) thickness 5 mm], and adjacent non-scouring part Also, it was laid so as to be covered by approximately 10 to 30 cm.
[0022]
The non-washing part was fixed with a nail having a length of 200 mm, a diameter of 5 mm, and a head shaped like a bowl so that the sheet would not easily move. And the soil on the sheet was constructed as follows. As the soil, soil for general plants sold in a horticultural shop was used, and the entire sheet was covered with soil so as to be approximately 10 cm.
[0023]
The composition of the porous concrete block to be installed on the soil is shown below.

[0024]
The shape of the porous concrete block was a flat plate with a flat cross section having a thickness of 5 cm and a plane portion having a size of 40 × 40 cm. The porous concrete slab was laid so as to cover all the soil below it. After laying, a mixture of plant seeds around the construction site collected in advance on the horticultural soil commercially available on the upper surface of the porous concrete flat plate was sprayed and filled into the gap while mixing.
[0025]
As a result of repairing the scouring section as described above and observing it for 4 months after construction, (1) during rainfall, the water flow rate was slower than before, and sediment discharge was reduced. (2) The scouring area was irregular and uneven, and it was difficult to walk, but it became flat after construction, and the mud was eliminated and it became easy to walk. {Circle around (3)} Seeds filled in porous concrete plates have germinated. In addition, the plants that had grown in the non-restoration area started to grow and settle at the end of the restoration area, and showed a vegetation reversion effect.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
The following various effects can be expected by the method of repairing a mountain trail according to the present invention. (1) Since rainwater flowing along a mountain trail that occurs during or after raining quickly penetrates into the interior of the repair section, water, mud, etc. do not stay in the sidewalk section, making it easy to walk. (2) Since rainwater flows down as a gentle flow inside the repair section, if the scouring is controlled by reducing the outflow of earth and sand, the amount of water penetrating into the basement will increase. (3) By adopting this restoration method, it becomes possible to restore the vegetation at the scouring site.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a method for repairing a mountain trail according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing another method for repairing a mountain trail according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory plan view of FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
A Mountain trail 1 Massive material 2 Permeable sheet 3 Soil 4 Porous concrete block 5 Pseudostone-like flat plate

Claims (4)

The scoured mountain trail is filled with a massive substance that does not collapse due to load or water flow during walking to secure the foundation of the walking part and the rainwater flow path, and then covered with a permeable sheet A method for repairing a mountain trail, comprising: covering a wall with soil, and further installing a porous concrete block filled with soil in the inner space to provide vegetation restoration and good walking ability. The scoured mountain trail is filled with a massive substance that does not lose its shape due to walking load or water flow to secure the foundation of the walking part and the flow path of rainwater, and then covered with a permeable sheet. Porous concrete block or pseudo stone-like flat plate with pseudo stones on the upper surface is covered with soil, and porous concrete blocks with internal space filled with soil are installed on the left and right, respectively. A method for repairing a mountain trail, characterized by having a characteristic. The method for repairing a mountain trail according to claim 1 or 2, wherein soil and plant seeds are filled in an internal space of the porous concrete block. The method for repairing a mountain trail according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the massive material is at least two kinds of natural rock, gravel, styrofoam, and lightweight artificial rock.

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