JP4088276B2 - Valve drive for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Valve drive for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4088276B2
JP4088276B2 JP2004209923A JP2004209923A JP4088276B2 JP 4088276 B2 JP4088276 B2 JP 4088276B2 JP 2004209923 A JP2004209923 A JP 2004209923A JP 2004209923 A JP2004209923 A JP 2004209923A JP 4088276 B2 JP4088276 B2 JP 4088276B2
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cam
section
valve drive
disc
stroke curve
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JP2005042717A (en
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ヴィリー・シュルツ
フランク・イッキンガー
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

本発明は、請求項１の上位概念による、内燃機関のためのバルブ駆動装置に関する。   The invention relates to a valve drive for an internal combustion engine according to the superordinate concept of claim 1.

内燃機関のための、公知のバルブ駆動装置、ヨーロッパ特許第７９８ ４５１号明細書（特許文献１）は、円板式カム装置を有するカムシャフトを備えている。このスリーブ状にこのカムシャフト上に設けられた円板式カム装置は、離間して設けられた行程曲線部、および、異なるカム形状を有する互いに並列して位置するカム軌道を備えている。これら行程曲線部は、この円板式カム装置を位置調節するために、制御ピンを有する操作部材と協働する。このバルブ駆動装置は、比較的に簡単な手段でもって、内燃機関のための大いに効果的な可変のバルブ制御を実現するため、詳しく言うとつまり、大いに効果的な可変のバルブ制御を目指して、出力および燃料消費性能に関連して改善するための顕著な潜在能力（Potentiale）を与える。
ヨーロッパ特許第７９８ ４５１号明細書 A known valve drive for an internal combustion engine, European Patent No. 798 451 (Patent Document 1), includes a camshaft having a disk cam device. The disc-type cam device provided on the camshaft in the form of a sleeve includes stroke curve portions provided apart from each other and cam tracks having different cam shapes and positioned in parallel with each other. These stroke curve portions cooperate with an operating member having a control pin in order to adjust the position of the disc type cam device. In order to realize highly effective variable valve control for an internal combustion engine with relatively simple means, this valve drive device aims at highly effective variable valve control. Provides significant potential to improve in relation to power and fuel consumption performance.
European Patent No. 798 451

従って、本発明の課題は、冒頭に記載した様式のバルブ駆動装置を、
円板式カム装置が、理想的な構造を形成し、且つ、
操作部材の制御ピンおよび行程曲線部を介して実現される、異なるカム軌道の切替機能が、迅速に、より確実に、および、正確に実施可能である、という趣旨で発展させることである。 The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a valve drive of the type described at the beginning,
The disc-type cam device forms an ideal structure, and
The function of switching between different cam trajectories realized via the control pin and the stroke curve of the operating member is to be developed with the aim of being able to be implemented quickly, more reliably and accurately.

この課題は、本発明に従い、請求項１の特徴によって解決される。更なる、本発明を発展させた特徴は、従属請求項において記載されている。   This problem is solved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Further features of the development of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

本発明により主として達成される利点は、異なる行程曲線部の区間を備える行程曲線部を有する円板式カム装置のおかげで、スムーズな、従って機能最適化された、上記の円板式カム装置の位置調節の経過が、異なるカム軌道の切替えのために保障されている点にある。その際、異なる行程曲線部の区間は、何の問題も無く、これら行程曲線部内において具現可能である。環状エレメントを有する円板式カム装置は、代替可能な手段でもって形成可能であり、その際、これら環状エレメント内に、これら行程曲線部が容易に組み込み可能である。   The advantage mainly achieved by the present invention is that the position adjustment of the above-mentioned disc-type cam device is smooth and thus functionally optimized thanks to the disc-type cam device having a stroke-curve portion with different stroke-curve sections. This is because the process is guaranteed for switching between different cam trajectories. In this case, the sections of different stroke curve portions can be embodied in these stroke curve portions without any problem. Disk cam devices having annular elements can be formed by alternative means, in which case these stroke curves can be easily incorporated into these annular elements.

要するに、円板式カム装置の円板式カムのハブ、および、環状エレメントを、１つの部片から形成することは考慮に値し、その際、この円板式カムのハブ、および、これら環状エレメントが、多数の部材から構成されていることも、むろん同様に可能である。   In short, it is worth considering that the disc cam hub and the annular element of the disc cam device are formed from one piece, in which case the disc cam hub and the annular element are: Of course, it is also possible to be comprised from many members.

図において本発明の実施例を示し、これを、以下で詳しく説明する。   Examples of the invention are shown in the figures and will be described in detail below.

自動車に組込むために適している内燃機関１から、ただ吸気バルブ３および４、および排気バルブ５および６を有するバルブ駆動装置２（４バルブ技術）だけが図示されており、これらバルブが、それぞれにシリンダーの燃焼室の上方に設けられており、しかしながらここでこの燃焼室は図示されていない。クランクシャフトによって駆動されるカムシャフト６′は、バルブスプリング７および８によって囲繞されたこれら吸気バルブ３および４を、しかもローラーロッカアーム９の間挿のもとで操作する。このカムシャフト６′、並びにこれら吸気バルブ３および４は、可変のバルブ制御装置の様式によって協動する。この目的で、このカムシャフト６′ハブッシュ状の円板式カム装置１０を備えており、この円板式カム装置が、確かに軸線方向 −Ａ−Ａ方向− に移動可能に、このカムシャフト６′上で軸受されているが、しかしながら、回転不能に、このカムシャフトと結合されており、その際、このカムシャフト６′および円板式カム装置１０が、本実施例において多溝輪郭体、またはスプライン輪郭体である −図３− 、形状一体的なハブ結合部１１の間挿のもとで協働する。   From an internal combustion engine 1 suitable for incorporation into a motor vehicle, only a valve drive 2 (4-valve technology) having intake valves 3 and 4 and exhaust valves 5 and 6 is shown, Located above the combustion chamber of the cylinder, however, this combustion chamber is not shown here. The camshaft 6 ′ driven by the crankshaft operates these intake valves 3 and 4 surrounded by the valve springs 7 and 8 and with the roller rocker arm 9 interposed. The camshaft 6 'and the intake valves 3 and 4 cooperate in a variable valve control manner. For this purpose, this camshaft 6 'has a hub-like disc type cam device 10, and this disc type cam device is surely movable on the camshaft 6' in the axial direction-AA direction. However, it is non-rotatably connected to the camshaft, in which case the camshaft 6 'and the disc cam device 10 are, in this embodiment, a multi-groove contour or spline contour. The body—FIG. 3, cooperates with the interposer of the integrated hub coupling 11.

円板式カム装置１０は、異なるカム形状ＮＩ、ＮＩＩ、ＮＩＩＩを有する３つのカム軌道１２、１３、および１４を有しており、これらカム軌道が、カムブロック１５に対して、まとめられた状態で、互いに並列して位置しており、このカムブロック１５が、両側で、行程曲線部１６および１７によって区画されている。カムシャフト６′上での円板式カム装置１０の位置調節のために、制御ピン１８、１９、２０、および２１を有する操作部材２２、２３、２４、および２５が設けられており、これら操作部材が、例えば、電磁的または液圧的な様式の部材（Gattung）であり、この様式の部材が、この円板式カム装置１０に対して半径方向に設けられている。カム軌道１２、１３、または１４の内の１つのカム軌道の切替えに応じて、この制御ピン１８、１９、２０、または２１は、例えばＵ字形の凹部２６および２７ −図２− として形成されたこれら行程曲線部１６および１７との係合状態になる。   The disc-type cam device 10 has three cam tracks 12, 13, and 14 having different cam shapes NI, NII, and NIII, and these cam tracks are grouped with respect to the cam block 15. These cam blocks 15 are demarcated on both sides by stroke curves 16 and 17. In order to adjust the position of the disc cam device 10 on the camshaft 6 ′, operating members 22, 23, 24, and 25 having control pins 18, 19, 20, and 21 are provided. Is, for example, an electromagnetic or hydraulic style member (Gattung), which is provided radially with respect to the disc cam device 10. In response to switching of one of the cam tracks 12, 13, or 14, this control pin 18, 19, 20, or 21 is formed, for example, as a U-shaped recess 26 and 27-FIG. The stroke curve portions 16 and 17 are engaged.

カム軌道１２、１３、および１４を担持する円板式カム装置１０の行程曲線部１６および１７は、係合状態にある制御ピン１８、１９、２０、および２１のために異なる行程曲線部の区間Ｈｋｓを有している。これら行程曲線部１６および１７の行程曲線部の区間Ｈｋｓは、この円板式カム装置１０の外側の周囲をそれぞれ与える図４および５に従って形成され、詳しく言うとつまり、走入口区間２８、第１のセンタリング区間２９、位置調節区間３０、および、第２のセンタリング区間３１によって形成され、繰出し区間３２が、この第２のセンタリング区間に連なっている。走入口区間２８の始端と第２のセンタリング部３１の終端との間の、制御ピン１８、１９、２０、および２１のための凹部２６および２７の領域は、ＡｆｄＳでもって参照符号を付けられている −図５− 。この走入口区間２８は、第１のセンタリング区間（２９）の方向に狭くなるようなホッパー（３３）の形状で収斂している。このホッパー３３に、第１の調節区間３４が、前置されている。更に、この第２のセンタリング区間３１に、ロック区間３５および第２の調節区間３６が後置されている。
吸気バルブ３および４に対する、カム軌道１２、１３、および１４の位置正確な固定のため、ロック装置３７が使用され −図２− 、このロック装置は、この円板式カム装置１０の内側の周囲面３８に、３つの、半径方向の、周囲に延在する溝部３９、４０、および４１を備えており、その際、カムシャフト６′が、これら溝部３９、４０、および４１の領域内において、係止球４３および螺旋ばね４４のための円筒形の凹部４２を有している。 The stroke curve sections 16 and 17 of the disc cam device 10 carrying the cam tracks 12, 13, and 14 have different stroke curve sections Hks due to the control pins 18, 19, 20, and 21 being engaged. have. The stroke curve sections Hks of the stroke curve sections 16 and 17 are formed according to FIGS. 4 and 5 which respectively provide the outer periphery of the disc cam device 10, and more specifically, the running section 28, the first The centering section 29, the position adjusting section 30, and the second centering section 31 are formed, and the feeding section 32 is connected to the second centering section. The areas of the recesses 26 and 27 for the control pins 18, 19, 20, and 21 between the beginning of the run-in section 28 and the end of the second centering part 31 are labeled with AfdS. Yes-Fig.5. The entrance section 28 converges in the shape of a hopper (33) that narrows in the direction of the first centering section (29). A first adjustment section 34 is placed in front of the hopper 33 . Furthermore, the second centering section 31 is followed by a lock section 35 and a second adjustment section 36.
A locking device 37 is used for the precise fixing of the cam tracks 12, 13, and 14 with respect to the intake valves 3 and 4-FIG. 2-this locking device is the inner peripheral surface of the disc cam device 10 38 is provided with three radially extending circumferential grooves 39, 40 and 41, in which the camshaft 6 'is engaged in the region of these grooves 39, 40 and 41. A cylindrical recess 42 for the stop ball 43 and the spiral spring 44 is provided.

図２から、カム軌道１２、１３、および１４を担持する、カムのハブ４５として形成されているカムブロック１５の両側に、環状エレメント４６および４７が設けられており、これら環状エレメントが、このカムブロック１５を超えて突出していることが明瞭である。これら環状エレメント４６および４７内において、行程曲線部１６および１７が設けられている。その際、これら環状エレメント４６および４７の半径方向のウェブ４８および４９は、このカムブロック１５のカム軌道１２、１３、および１４を区画している。これら環状エレメント４６および４７、およびカムのハブ４５は、１つの部片から形成されている。要するに、これら環状エレメント４６および４７、およびカムのハブ４５が、多数の部材から構成されていることも、しかしながら同様に可能である。   From FIG. 2, annular elements 46 and 47 are provided on both sides of a cam block 15 which is formed as a cam hub 45 carrying the cam tracks 12, 13, and 14, and these annular elements are connected to this cam. It is clear that it protrudes beyond the block 15. Within these annular elements 46 and 47, stroke curves 16 and 17 are provided. In this case, the radial webs 48 and 49 of the annular elements 46 and 47 define the cam tracks 12, 13 and 14 of the cam block 15. The annular elements 46 and 47 and the cam hub 45 are formed from one piece. In short, it is equally possible, however, that the annular elements 46 and 47 and the cam hub 45 are composed of a number of members.

内燃機関１の始動の後、カム軌道１２、１３、または１４の内の１つのカム軌道が、ローラーロッカアーム９は、および従って同様に吸気バルブ３および４も操作される。この内燃機関１のパラメータ、例えば回転数、負荷（アクセルペダル状態（Fahrpedalsteilung・））、等に依存して、可変のバルブ制御が作動され、即ち、操作部材２２、２３、２４、および２５が活動状態にされ、且つ、制御ピン１８、１９、２０、および２１の内の１つの制御ピンが、凹部２６または２７との係合状態になり、このことは、位置調節区間３０に基づいて、方向Ａ−Ａにおける円板式カム装置１０の軸線方向移動を誘起し、且つ、従って、これらカム軌道１２、１３、および１４の内の１つのカム軌道の所定の切替えを誘起する。   After starting of the internal combustion engine 1, one of the cam tracks 12, 13, or 14 operates the roller rocker arm 9 and thus also the intake valves 3 and 4. Depending on the parameters of the internal combustion engine 1, for example, the rotational speed, the load (Faxle pedal state), etc., a variable valve control is activated, i.e. the operating members 22, 23, 24 and 25 are active. And one of the control pins 18, 19, 20, and 21 is engaged with the recess 26 or 27, which depends on the position adjustment section 30. It induces an axial movement of the disc cam device 10 at A-A and thus induces a predetermined switching of one of these cam tracks 12, 13, and 14.

円板式カム装置を有する、本発明による内燃機関のバルブ駆動装置の斜視図である。1 is a perspective view of a valve drive device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention having a disc type cam device. FIG. 図１の円板式カム装置の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the disc type cam apparatus of FIG. 図２の線ＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩに沿った断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. 円板式カム装置の行程曲線部の展開図である。It is an expanded view of the stroke curve part of a disc type cam apparatus. 拡大された尺度における、図４の図式的な詳細図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic detail view of FIG. 4 on an enlarged scale.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 内燃機関
２ バルブ駆動装置
３、 ４ 吸気バルブ
５、 ６ 排気バルブ
６′ カムシャフト
７、 ８ バルブスプリング
９ ローラーロッカアーム
１０ 円板式カム装置
１１ ハブ結合部
１２、 １３、 １４ カム軌道
１５ カムブロック
１６、 １７ 行程曲線部
１８、 １９、 ２０、 ２１ 制御ピン
２２、 ２３、 ２４、 ２５ 操作部材
２６、 ２７ Ｕ字形の凹部
２８ 走入口区間
２９ 第１のセンタリング区間
３０ 位置調節区間
３１ 第２のセンタリング区間
３２ 繰出し区間
３３ ホッパー
３４ 第１の調節区間
３５ ロック区間
３６ 第２の調節区間
３７ ロック装置
３８ 内側の周囲面
３９、 ４０、 ４１ 溝部
４２ 円筒形の凹部
４３ 係止球
４４ 螺旋ばね
４５ カムのハブ
４６、 ４７ 環状エレメント
４８、 ４９ ウェブ
ＮＩ、 ＮＩＩ 、ＮＩＩＩ カム形状
Ｈｋｓ 行程曲線部の区間
ＡｆｄＳ 領域 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine 2 Valve drive device 3, 4 Intake valve 5, 6 Exhaust valve 6 'Camshaft 7, 8 Valve spring 9 Roller rocker arm 10 Disc type cam device 11 Hub coupling part 12, 13, 14 Cam track 15 Cam block 16, 17 stroke curve sections 18, 19, 20, 21 control pins 22, 23, 24, 25 operation members 26, 27 U-shaped recesses 28 running entrance section 29 first centering section 30 position adjustment section 31 second centering section 32 Feeding section 33 Hopper 34 First adjusting section 35 Lock section 36 Second adjusting section 37 Locking device 38 Inner peripheral surface 39, 40, 41 Groove 42 Cylindrical recess 43 Locking ball 44 Spiral spring 45 Cam hub 46 , 47 annular element 48, 49 web NI, NII, NI Section AfdS region of I cam shape Hks stroke curve portion

Claims (8)

内燃機関のためのバルブ駆動装置であって、このバルブ駆動装置が、
円板式カム装置を有するカムシャフトを備えており、
この円板式カム装置が、異なるカム形状を有する互いに並列して位置するカム軌道、および行程曲線部を備えており、
これら行程曲線部が、この円板式カム装置を位置調節するために、制御ピンを有する操作部材と協働する様式の上記バルブ駆動装置において、
カム軌道（１２、１３、および１４）を担持する円板式カム装置（１０）の、少なくとも１つの行程曲線部（１６または１７）が、所属する操作部材（２２、２３、２４、および２５）の係合状態にある制御ピン（１８、１９、２０、および２１）のために、異なる行程曲線部の区間（Ｈｋｓ）を備えていること、および、
行程曲線部（１６または１７）の行程曲線部の区間（Ｈｋｓ）が、走入口区間（２８）、第１のセンタリング区間（２９）、位置調節区間（３０）、および、第２のセンタリング区間（３１）によって形成されていること、および、
その際、第１のセンタリング区間（２９）が、走入口区間（２８）と位置調節区間（３０）との間で位置決めされ、従って、円板式カム装置（１０）の位置調節のスムーズな経過が行なわれるように構成されていること、
を特徴とするバルブ駆動装置。 A valve drive device for an internal combustion engine, the valve drive device comprising:
A camshaft having a disc-type cam device;
This disc-type cam device includes cam tracks having different cam shapes and positioned in parallel with each other, and a stroke curve portion,
In the valve drive device of the mode in which these stroke curve portions cooperate with an operating member having a control pin in order to adjust the position of the disc type cam device,
At least one stroke curve portion (16 or 17) of the disc-type cam device (10) carrying the cam track (12, 13, and 14) of the operating member (22, 23, 24, and 25) to which it belongs. For the control pins (18, 19, 20, and 21) in the engaged state, with different stroke curve sections (Hks), and
The section (Hks) of the travel curve section of the travel curve section (16 or 17) includes an entrance section (28), a first centering section (29), a position adjustment section (30), and a second centering section ( 31), and
At that time, the first centering section (29) is positioned between the running entrance section (28) and the position adjustment section (30), and therefore, the smooth adjustment of the position of the disc type cam device (10) is facilitated. Configured to be done,
The valve drive device characterized by this. 繰出し区間（３２）は、第２のセンタリング区間（３１）に連なっていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のバルブ駆動装置。   The valve driving device according to claim 1, wherein the feeding section (32) is continuous with the second centering section (31). 走入口区間（２８）は、第１のセンタリング区間（２９）の方向に狭くなるようなホッパー（３３）の形状で収斂していることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のバルブ駆動装置。 2. The valve driving device according to claim 1, wherein the running section (28) converges in the shape of a hopper (33) that narrows in the direction of the first centering section (29). 円板式カム装置（１０）は、
カム軌道（１２、１３、および１４）を担持する、カムのハブ（４５）のカムブロック（１５）の両側に、中空体の様式により形成された環状エレメント（４６および４７）を備えており、これら環状エレメントが、このカムブロック（１５）を超えて突出していることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のバルブ駆動装置。 The disc cam device (10)
On both sides of the cam block (15) of the cam hub (45) carrying the cam tracks (12, 13, and 14), with annular elements (46 and 47) formed in a hollow body manner; 2. A valve drive according to claim 1, wherein the annular elements protrude beyond the cam block (15). 環状エレメント（４６および４７）は、行程曲線部（１６および１７）を備えていることを特徴とする請求項４に記載のバルブ駆動装置。   5. A valve drive according to claim 4, characterized in that the annular element (46 and 47) comprises a stroke curve (16 and 17). 環状エレメント（４６および４７）の半径方向のウェブ（４８および４９）は、このカムブロック（１５）のカム軌道（１２、１３、および１４）を区画していることを特徴とする請求項４に記載のバルブ駆動装置。   5. The radial web (48 and 49) of the annular element (46 and 47) defines the cam track (12, 13, and 14) of the cam block (15). The valve drive device described. 環状エレメント（４６および４７）、およびカムのハブ（４５）は、１つの部片から形成されていることを特徴とする請求項４に記載のバルブ駆動装置。   5. The valve drive according to claim 4, wherein the annular element (46 and 47) and the cam hub (45) are formed from one piece. 環状エレメント（４６および４７）、およびカムのハブ（４５）は、多数の部材から構成されていることを特徴とする請求項４に記載のバルブ駆動装置。   5. The valve drive according to claim 4, wherein the annular element (46 and 47) and the cam hub (45) are composed of a number of members.
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