JP4085366B2 - Waste recycling method and equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention reduces the amount of waste plastic, paper scrap, raw garbage, food processing waste, waste building materials, unused agricultural and forestry resources, etc. generated at home or business, such as drying, sterilization, deodorization, cleansing, etc., waste heat recovery, collection This technology is suitable for economical reuse and resource recycling with reasonable cost reduction of transportation, and at the same time, it is also suitable for the prevention of birds and beasts damage, garbage problem resolution, office documents and card processing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional environmental measures such as household, business waste, odor, etc. have the basic structure of atmospheric diffusion and collection of bulky and unclean garbage, which directly and indirectly hinders the progress of rational environmental systems, and is labor intensive, energy intensive and costly. It was. Other than separate collection, there was no sterilization-reduced collection, no future labor force, no resource shortage response system, and no substantial economic solution to the carbon dioxide problem. Garbage composting or loss on drying caused odor generation, limited use due to scorching, and high power consumption. There was no destination for composting, and it was a problem with waste plastic and paper recycling. Confidential documents and card cutting scraps were bulky, requiring incineration, dissolving pulping, and application development. It was difficult to reduce the size of conventional garbage disposal methods. In the deodorization, chemical decomposition, inclusion compounding, masking, etc. were not preventive measures. There were no household appliances to recover and use waste heat. There was no technology that facilitates pulverization, exhaust treatment, and post-treatment by subjecting organic waste to embrittlement by pre-carbonization semi-carbonization heat treatment.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Both homes and offices control environmental odors, harmful substances, and carbon dioxide before generation and diffusion, sterilize and dry hydrated waste, and reduce waste plastic without melting. Paper scrap volume reduction machines were also required to be compact and simple and low in cost to operate and clean the equipment. There was a need to increase the operating rate by reducing the size and cost of pressure drying and volume reduction machines and spreading them. Volume reduction and drying of household garbage using electric power and fossil fuels were expensive and had carbon dioxide problems. Bulky waste consumes extra fuel for transportation vehicles and processing fuel, and also consumes plastic bags for disposal. In order to solve the problem, the volume of garbage can be reduced, reused, garbage bags can be saved and recovered as energy, and it can be recovered as energy. For convenience and efficiency, bulky garbage such as waste plastic, paper waste, and garbage is not mixed. In addition, it is necessary to have a method for easily putting it into a small volume reduction device, preventing foreign matter contamination that is an obstacle to the use of garbage, leaving room for subsequent sorting, exhaust treatment, prevention of spoilage odor and salt contamination, and a simple and powerful compression method. It was. It was necessary to dispose of waste materials, biomass such as twigs, disposal documents, small and simple card invalidation, crushing and raw materials, and energy.
[0004]
[Means for solving problems]
In the previous inventions of the inventors, a pressurizing and heating mechanism was downsized, and a garbage processing machine such as paper waste, waste plastic, and garbage was proposed. The present invention is further improved and versatile. Food processing waste, tea leaves, coffee 滓 Bulky, high moisture and poorly heat-contaminated trash is easily heated and dried via the heat transfer surface to reduce the amount of exhaust and reduce the exhaust processing size, reducing the volume at the source of waste, transport, post-processing, carbonization, compos G It became easy. Applying dry electric heat, fuel combustion heat, exhaust heat, etc. to the heating surface, or compressing waste while pressing it against the heating surface, compression using a spring, waste heat or waste plastic or activated heat in another heating system (Patent No. 2727452, Japanese Patent Application No. 63-37759), waste plastic, paper pressed against the heating surface above or below the fusing temperature (Japanese Patent Application No. 3-287403), convenient loading and unloading container pressurization Simplification of heating operation (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-238754), waste heat, utilization of heat capacity of object (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-315787), Japanese Patent Application No. 11-237354, Japanese Patent Application No. 11-253402, Japanese Patent Application No. 2001- 130323, 280713, 402344, and, if necessary, “Waste collection and utilization method and business model (Japanese Patent Application for Heisei 13)”, etc. Set This makes it possible to achieve further energy saving, compact cost reduction, and safety compliance.
[0005]
For example, compression, rotation, reciprocation, mechanical strength, intermittent or continuous low-frequency vibrations that do not adversely affect assembly, destroy the bridge formation of the workpiece, improve the compression ratio, and improve garbage, paper quality In addition, heat embrittlement or boil softening and crushing even with a relatively weak force improves contact with the heat transfer surface, and it is possible to promote drying by alternately giving loosening by vibration. The rotation and vibration, which may be manual, are stabilized by installing the central shaft. The rotational movement may be intermittent. Therefore, in addition to electric drive, it can be driven by a weight, a spring, or a pulling and lowering rope. Easy to operate, long pressurization surface movement process, selection of loading / unloading means and large increase in heat transfer area, relatively low temperature, 60 to 180 ° C, volume reduction of waste plastic and paper waste, relatively short time, garbage or mud The product can be dried in units of time from sterilization heating for 1 minute or more. Office waste paper, rough waste, thinned wood, biomass, etc. are browned or black embrittled by low-temperature pyrolysis below 160 ° C, which is a risk of wood flammability in units of 5 minutes to 1 day, and the tear strength and bending strength decrease. Judge by manual pulverization. It can be shredded or pulverized by stirring, grinding, crushing, and can be easily transported and collected. Unlike low-temperature carbonized coal, it has resistance to pulverization, making it easy to filter and collect dust. Multifunctional pressure heating device is a stirring blade, fin It is possible to granulate small pieces with the same equipment as volume reduction. For heating, heat treatment is not performed by blowing hot air, but the object to be processed is heated, softened, or embrittled and deformed, or crushed and reduced. The so-called temperature-saving system makes it easy to smoke and produce multifunctional foods by drying foods and generating woody smoke. Intermittent exhaust heat with a sterilization drying temperature of 80 ° C. or higher can be used by switching between waste heat, fuel, and electric heater. It is especially useful for garbage and mud drying. Waste heat could be used by selecting a porous wall between the evaporation surface and the condensing surface, preferably a radiant heat reflective heat insulating curtain, and selecting a heat source that coexists with waste heat and a heater. However, it is not limited to combined use. It is easy to prevent quality deterioration in the heat transfer surface temperature range control in the waste recycling volume reduction operation of the present invention. The inventors previously proposed an oxidative desorption treatment of carbon in an oxidizing atmosphere having a similar temperature range and lower than the carbonization temperature (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-402344). Thermosetting plastics, chemically cross-linked or physically cross-linked general-purpose rubbers can also be softened and rapidly cooled and embrittled and ground at around 150 ° C. Bulky disperse phase waste can be efficiently charged from a small inlet of a small pressurizing chamber to reduce the pressure. Add an edge with funnel action to the inlet, preferably smoothing, streamlined, low friction surface, induction to reduce friction by low friction resin lining such as fluorine resin, painting, solid or liquid lubricant application, mirror finish etc. Lattice processing is possible. Bulky garbage and waste can be sucked into a volume reducing machine by vacuum or decompression, and waste, bags, and sheets can be subjected to cumulative heating and pressure reduction with or without inserting a partition plate. Vacuum cleaners, manual or automatic suction pumps, and water flow pumps can be used.
[0006]
By combining rolls, pulleys, bearings, direction-changing bearings with ropes, chains, gears, and increasing / decreasing speed, high pressure can be easily obtained in a small space. The volume of the object to be processed is reduced by heating and compressing little by little, and the heating time is shortened to a minimum of about 1 to 5 minutes. As a result, a large amount of processing can be performed at the source by short time short processing and accumulation. These selections or combinations reduce the size and cost. For drying garbage, the volume is reduced by increasing the heat transfer coefficient by selecting compression, relaxation, or a combination of compression and agitation. The initial compression temperature may be 60 to 100 ° C., and the organic matter can be suppressed from decomposition at 100 to 170 ° C. at the end of compression. A relatively high pressure may be used at a relatively low temperature, and a low pressure may be used at a high temperature. In the preheating stage, low-temperature waste heat of about 60 ° C. or more and about 200 ° C. or less, for example, cooling / heating, kitchen equipment, water heaters, bath machines, boilers, combustion furnaces, internal combustion engines, gas turbine exhaust, or mixed exhaust waste heat can be used economically. Heat sterilization prevents spoilage and can be dried at room temperature or higher. Heat-receiving fins, fillings, and thermopipes can also be used
[0007]
A pressure of about 0.01 to 10 kg / cm 2 can be applied at the softening deformation temperature. In particular, it is possible to reduce waste plastic having a bulk specific gravity of 0.05 to 0.15 to about 1/25 to 1/30 to about 0.15 to 0.6 by compressing at a relatively low pressure of about 0.01 to 1 kg / cm2. . It may be partially sintered or melted. After volume reduction, crushing and additional heating volume reduction are possible. The paper waste heat reduction is suitable for recycling at 160 ° C. or less, which corresponds to the decomposition start temperature. Paper, wood, waste wood, thinned wood shredded and reduced, and erasure at the source of records of office secret documents is active decomposition start, self-heating, flammable danger temperature 260 ° C, less than 260 ° C, 160 It is embrittled by heating for about 20 minutes to 5 hours or more at the stage before the carbonization process at 180 ° C. or higher, particularly at 180 ° C. or higher. The heating temperature and heating time, pressure or weight load, spring strength and length are determined by experiment according to the type of paper waste, processing, and degree of fouling. Raw garbage can be sterilized by heating at 60 ° C or higher and around 100 ° C. That is, drying and preheating are permitted to be 140 ° C. or less, and paper and wood are allowed to blow hot air that does not decompose at around 160 ° C. or less, particularly 120 ° C. or less. Combined with a small amount of exhaust gas circulation treatment makes drying easy and prevents odor leakage. Dioxin countermeasures can be thermally decomposed or reprocessed in a low-oxygen or reducing atmosphere (see Onaga Safety Engineering, Vol. 32, p. 11). For this reason, the waste plastic and paper waste volume reducers are used at high temperatures to contribute to multi-functionality, and furthermore, the use of waste heat at around 250 ° C. or lower is made possible.
The present invention can be used for drying and embrittlement processing by using a drum can, a relatively large tank or a silo as well as a small insulated device. The construction material may be cheap red brick grade brick, steel plate, galvanized steel liner, glass wool, rock wall, cement block, concrete or the like. The embrittled crushed material is organic, humic, and porous, and can be used for alternative composting without additional heating and deodorization. Unlike carbon, an embrittled porous organic humin-like substance at around 200 ° C. is characterized by microbial degradation.
[0008]
Lifting and lowering the weight by manual or mechanical force as a pressure source and a stirring power source facilitates volume reduction over time using stress relaxation. In order to reduce the cost of heating heat source that does not blow hot air at all and does not blow hot air at all and cleans exhaust processing, especially garbage is dehydrated or heat sterilized before the start of rot immediately after cooking or processing, and at a relatively low temperature around room temperature Indirect surface contact drying with a relatively low temperature air current, air temperature and wind is recommended. In the waste and waste treatment, there is a difficulty in miniaturization and simplification of the equipment which has various forms and qualities, and has a large reduction in volume with a large compression ratio. It is considered to be difficult to economically develop a type-specific processing technology that takes into account resource regeneration at the source of a distributed small device, simply opening and closing mechanism of moving heat transfer surface for compression, input operation, agriculture and forestry, horticultural twig processing, document disappearance It was. When using a new heat source or waste heat, heat insulation is slow, but it is advantageous to compress by yield deformation or chemical structural dissociation by continuous pressurization, heating or low-temperature oxidation. The present invention makes full use of this phenomenon. It was also found that when compressed by heating, paper, plastic or garbage can be easily compressed and the compression rate and drying can be accelerated. A simple and strong compressive force is preferable for heating and compressing and drying each time a small amount is generated. The compressive force at the initial stage of compression is small, preferably 0.01 to 0.1 KG / cm 2, and preferably about 0.1 to 2 kg / cm 2 at the end, but may be about 0.1 kg / cm 2 near the softening temperature. Waste to be treated, recyclable materials, and waste fuel materials have a bulk specific gravity of about 0.01 to 0.1 and are compressed to 0.1 to 0.8 to be 1/3 to 1/3. Volume can be reduced to the extent. Since indirect heating or indirect heating is mainly used, there is little generation of bad odor due to thermal decomposition or oxidative decomposition due to overheating, and since the amount of exhaust gas is small, if necessary, it is compressed without odor through an adsorbent layer such as activated carbon or charcoal, or a catalyst layer It can be turned into a resource.
[0009]
The pressurizing weight is 5 to 200 kg in a small apparatus, and 1000 kg or more can be used in a large facility depending on the roll capacity and the capacity when using a general chain block. In the case of automatic manual power capacity up and down of the weight, or in the case of power combined use, in the case of motor output, in the case of garbage, stirring by weight power and waste heat heat source temperature can be easily determined by experiment after assembly. PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene film, and sheets have a bulk specific gravity of 0.05 to 0.1, but they are molded into a thin plate of 5 to 20 mm and 1 m square, and are further folded while warm (block with a specific gravity of 0.3 to 0.3). It can be easily re-molded to about 0.6) to reduce the accumulation cost and transportation cost, and can be made into fuel and molding material. For household appliances, daily household chores are easily reduced under relatively low-temperature and low-compression conditions, and once the volume-reduced product has accumulated, the same device is used to mold the heated surface into a mold at a relatively high temperature and high pressure. You may process into the shape of a corner dice. PVC that tends to avoid conventional use is less likely to deteriorate due to low-temperature volume reduction and is suitable for reuse. The deteriorated PVC sheet can be pyrolyzed to recover hydrochloric acid and carbon. Hydrochloric acid costs are reduced due to a decrease in collection and transportation costs, which can be used to recover valuable metals from incinerated ash.
[0010]
Garbage and waste can be taken out in the form of bags, roses, molded trash, semi-molded trash, put into a container, or put into a compression chamber or packed with roses. Vacuum suction facilitates packing. Put waste plastic film, sheet-like paper scraps, paper scraps, and garbage into plastic film bags, paper bags, etc. Equipment downsizing and low-cost pressurization with a rope pulling mechanism, etc. Rolls and gears that can be exemplified as a winch for compression force, belt up and down by lever principle, rope, chain operation, etc., pressurization surface (5) A sheath, groove, and guide are installed in the trash chamber, which had been thought to be inevitable in the past, and the rope is housed to prevent the trash from being caught. (7) Rotate into a cylindrical pressurized chamber Pressurization Provide a surface rotation axis and move Pressurization Interview or move Pressurization Face and fixing Heating and pressurization The compression operation is performed by a mechanism that compresses the object to be processed. Pressurization Easy renewal of surface, (8) Small amount by these: (9) Winches can be used for general purpose blinds, small winches for sports netting, Pressurization Surface drive force is cylindrical Pressurization Rotating rope and belt in the circumferential direction of the chamber, driving by roll, V pre or gear system, (10) The winch uses the same thing for speed increase by switching the driving end and driven end, and the compression speed at the initial stage of compression is used It can be used for high-speed, low-pressure and high-pressure, and centrifugal dehydration of wet garbage. (11) Compression surface Rotate around the shaft to fix or rotate Pressurized surface When pressing against the center, move the central shaft with a handle or handle, drive using a roll and rope (or belt, tooth belt), or use gear acceleration / deceleration like a winch. From these of By selecting or combining, it is possible to reduce the size of the device, improve the convenience of operation, increase the efficiency and reduce the cost.
[0011]
It is also possible to use a drive leveling of the position energy of the weight by a small electric motor or human power. A switching mechanism between human power and power is convenient. A temporary strong force of about 20 to 50 KGF is advantageous for a small volume reduction device. A manual or electric small winch, a rotary winder combined with an insulator, and a pulley are suitable as a high compression driving force of about 1/2 to 1/30. Chain block for business use, Chain with lever Block and tightening equipment can be used. Metal or organic or inorganic fibers, threads, chains, strings, tapes, coils, caterpillars, rods that are linear objects The Used for moving the pressure surface or heating / pressure surface Can High lift or long piston stroke is easily realized to achieve high compression and volume reduction of waste at low cost. In combination with additional gears, pulleys, lubricated surfaces, bearings, pulleys, etc., Or Change the direction and attach it to the device for even more convenience. After compressing to the limit with a winch, insert an insulator into the insertion hole of the rotating drum and take it up as a take-up pulley (in other words, rokuro) Additional compression force You can also. The condition is to strengthen the shaft, bearings and support. The weight can also be used to power the garbage dryer. A compression surface, a frame, a piston, or the like may be pulled to lift a weight to form a weight on the compression surface. The tension can be wound with a rope, string, wire rod, tape, wire rope, rope, flexible string metal tape, chain, spring, or a composite thereof (hereinafter collectively referred to as a rope). It is long, and if necessary, it is possible to change the direction by combining pulleys and gears, and to freely make a loop configuration and to reduce the size of the volume reduction device. A metal fiber, a relatively heat-resistant polymer string such as PET, or a string, tape, etc. combined with a metal fiber can be used.
[0012]
A radius of about 10 to 100 mm is appropriate for a winding roll, a pulley that may be a V pre, and a bearing function. The rotation handle has a rotation diameter of about 10 to 400 mm, and an extended feed or a joint can be used if necessary. Under such conditions, the weight of 10 to 1000 kg can be easily moved up and down by the principle of the insulator, the surface pressure with respect to the diameter of 200 mm reaches about 3 kg / cm 2, and the waste compaction at 170 ° C. or less is facilitated. In addition, by using a pulley or the like, the tensile force can be directly used for moving the pressure surface. A manual small winch with a roll diameter of 50 mm can be compressed, heated and compressed or crushed by moving the heating surface and weight up and down or horizontally by rotating 1 to 4 times (not limited). It is convenient to wind and stop the roll with a claw and a tooth for preventing reverse rotation or a ratchet gear device. There are examples of using various jacks, screws, hydraulic cylinders, etc. for household or small business waste compression, but using a winding mechanism such as a winch, pulley, chain block, tooth profile belt etc. above and below the weight There is no example where the compression device is simple and downsized. The inventor also described the use of chain blocks, pulleys, etc. in the previous invention (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-402344). These were mainly used for large machines, construction, and factory work, and there was no idea to use them for compression reduction of small household garbage press machines. When using tensile force, one or more ropes in the pressure chamber can be provided on the wall or inside of the pressure chamber, particularly preferably, bare or protective pipes, or protective wires or columns. At the same time, the object to be compressed is prevented from biting and sticking, and the rope and the compression surface move smoothly. A plurality of ropes are pulled uniformly, and even with one rope, the posture is maintained by the center of gravity of the pressure surface, the guide of the pressure surface, the guide of the rope, or the like.
[0013]
The roll can be provided at an arbitrary position such as above, below, or on the side by directly winding or rolling, or by changing the direction of force by a pulley.
A plurality of rolls may be provided. A structure for selecting and replacing the roll diameter, and providing a roll of two or more diameters adjacent to each other. Adjust the force applied by changing the arm length for rotation. Install the rope in a loop. Use a handle instead of the handle arm. Power can be added by adding an insulator or a ratchet wrench, speed increase, speed reduction mechanism. The idler pulley is useful for preventing eccentricity of the pressure surface, weight loading, and increasing tensile force. The pressing surface moves upward and the object to be processed is compressed between the upper surface lid and the surface to be compressed. Downward movement and compression between bottom surfaces. Both sides must be movable. Both or one side can be the heating surface. Efficiency of high compression volume reduction of waste is mechanized, manual, manual or electric function, weight power is placed together and arbitrarily selected to save energy and become a health device with convenience.
[0014]
As a constituent material, pressurization heating chamber or pressurization chamber is made of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper, steel, stainless steel, alloys thereof, plating, lining, brick, ceramics, ceramic, etc. It can be selected from known materials such as glass, block, ordinary cement, heat-resistant cement, composites thereof, metal surface sterilization, fluorine resin, mold release material, graphite structure solid lubricant, and non-adhesive processing. The heating and pressurizing chamber may be a cylinder type or a box type, and the cross section may be a circle, a triangle or a polygon, and a vertical or horizontal type. A small to large portable assembly facility for a relatively large heating and pressurizing chamber can also be made. Since the wall material can be operated even at around 110 ° C, simple and temporary facilities are possible. The wall support material for the pressure heating chamber is composed of wood waste, thinned wood logs, formwork, plate material, etc., and the inner wall material is steel plate, cement block Sometimes it may be a wood or iron grid. As the heat insulating material, foam, film, multi-hole film, glass wool, waste fiber, and recycled product can be used. Crane, unique car, trifurcated and chain block, or winch can be used for lifting and lowering the weight and tightening compression. The heat source is characterized by the fact that it can be used by measuring the temperature with waste heat and fan exhaust of engine exhaust, in addition to normal heat sources such as homes, business establishments, disaster areas, depopulated areas, sightseeing spots, and farmland.
[0015]
After the garbage is dehydrated and dried and sorted, it becomes organic raw materials, compost, and garbage fuel, and the drying heat source can be used for waste heat from homes and offices. Combine plate heat transfer surface and surface agitation, crushing and pressurization, Movable heating and pressurization Raw garbage was put into the crushing and drying chamber pressurization chamber composed of the surface, and it was dehydrated or opened on the pressurization surface from above. Heating and pressurization Closes the surface, compresses and dehydrates, rotates and reciprocates for blade crushing and stirring and drying With conventional Unlike low speed, intermittent or continuous electric, weight power or manual. Heat transfer surface heating is due to waste heat, electric heat, gas, kerosene, and carbonaceous fuel. The crushing blade has various known shapes and materials, steel, Stainless steel Screws can be used.
[0016]
FIG. 1 shows a heating and pressure reducing machine 1 that applies a weight with a weight 7. The pressure heating compression chamber 30 is surrounded by the heat insulating material 15, the outer wall 16, the chamber bottom heater portion 18, and the upper heater portion 39. The side wall 12 may be a heating surface, a heat retaining heating surface, or a heat insulating surface. Further, it may be made of metal or ceramic. Bags in which waste plastics, garbage, paper scraps, etc., which may be contained in bags 33, or objects to be processed (hereinafter the same) 14 are interpolated into a take-out container 13 or 13 such as a bare or detachable net, a grid waste basket, etc. Then, the bag is placed in the bag net 33 (the bag mouth is closed in FIG. 1), the horizontal lid 27 (FIG. 3) is opened in the pressurizing chamber 30 having the metal inner wall 12, and the horizontal lid 27 is closed by loading from the side. Remove the reverse rotation prevention mechanism (claw) of the roll 3, reverse the roll, loosen the rope 26, and support the force direction conversion pulley 6 supported by the support 25 or the direction change lubrication groove bearing divided into four V-Plies, for example. 6, the compression weight 7 is placed on the waste 14, the control power supply 22 is turned on, and the lower surface heating surface 11 is pressed against the bottom heating surface 18 through the perforated plate bottom 17 of the take-out container 13 to be heated and compressed. . Depending on the temperature conditions and the type and shape of the object to be processed, the compression and volume reduction is applied by applying for about 5 to 120 minutes (or more). The top heating surface 11 and the bottom heating surface 18 are equipped with heaters 9 and 20, temperature control sensors or overheat prevention electrical contacts 10 and 19, respectively, to prevent overheating. The heating chamber, heating surface inner surface, and take-out container can be coated with non-adhesive processing, mold release agent, oil agent and lubricant to prevent plastic bags, waste plastics, filth from sticking and seizure. The heater insulates the outside with a reflector or a heat insulating material 32. Plastics with relatively low or high softening temperatures require a long time to process. Wet paper scraps and raw garbage should be dehydrated under pressure and dried by heating.
[0017]
The roll 3 can be rotated by the rotating arm 4 and the handle 5 and directly rotates the roll or drives the roll via an intermediate gear. The rotary arm 4 may be a handle or a handle with a power transmission gear, and may be driven by an electric motor. The degree of volume reduction can be determined by the mark of 26 such as the rotation angle, the number of rotations, the hanging rope or the chain of the roll 3. When the target volume reduction rate is reached, the power is turned off, and the outer lid 27 is tilted outward as shown in FIG. 3 to open it, take out the waste together with the container 13 and cool it down, charge the next waste in the container, and complete one cycle. To do. A molded product suitable for regeneration, a solid solid fuel or dry garbage, a blend of both, and the like are obtained. The mold can be molded into small blocks of solid fuel suitable for gasification combustion. Packaging PP tape waste has been difficult to reduce in volume due to its rigidity and high heat resistance, but it is reduced to a non-adhesive molded plate. In the rope winding method of the present invention, a large compression ratio can be obtained, so that a large amount of stuffing can be performed with a reduced pressure cross-sectional area. The upper surface of the control device can be opened and closed as a lid, the weight can be raised and supported by the lid, and the molded product can be taken out by a takeout container.
[0018]
FIG. 4 shows an apparatus in which two or more upper wire ropes 26 are preferably attached to the pressing surface 18 and pulled upward to press. A wire rope is arranged on the side or corner of the inside of the pressurizing chamber, and the pressurizing or heating plate is moved up and down and horizontally. To lower the pressure surface, release the reverse rotation prevention device, loosen the rope, and use its own weight or weight. A downward pulling rope may be provided, or the end of the downward pulling rope may be connected to the roll 3. Heat resistant fibers and metal chains can be used. The upper pressure plate can be pulled downward.
FIG. 5 shows a device for opening the lid 27 that opens upward, and a roll is provided on the lid. The bottom pressure heating surface 18 is moved upward, and compression heating is performed between the upper lid 27 or the fixed heating surface 11 to open the lid 27, and the molded product 30 can be easily pushed out and taken out. A heat insulating material 15 is sandwiched between the weight plate 7 and the pressing face plate 11. A heater may be charged under the heat insulating material as shown in FIG. The heat reflecting plate 39 fixes the heat insulation and the lid 27 when the weight plate 7 is pulled up. The spring 35 reduces the load on the weight 7 by using an expansion force when the lid 27 is opened. FIG. 6 shows a case where the direction change pulley is used in a plan view in which the winding roll 3 of FIG. 5 is changed to a horizontal type. Rolls are stored on the inner surface of the upper lid, and the manual handle for operation is taken out. Like the conventional small winch, the roll 3 may be driven by changing the handle to the gear 43 with the reverse rotation preventing claw. FIG. 7 is a front view explanatory view of FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view in which the roll and pulley of FIG. Similarly, a roll may be provided at the bottom of the apparatus.
An electric motor and weight power can be connected to the handle that drives the roll, and the lever portion, and the weight can be wound up in the same manner as the pressurizing weight 7 by human power or an electric motor, a pulley, a winch, and a chain block.
[0019]
Figure 9 shows an upright cylindrical device with a central axis of rotation in the height direction. This axis In One or more Pressurization Two or more surfaces 11, or one or more heat compression surfaces 18 in total, are hingedly attached. From inlet 40 Pressurization Waste 14 is thrown into the interview and heated Pressurization Press against surface 18 to reduce heat, compression and compression. The storage unit / compression unit can open the lid 27 and, like a general-purpose trash box, can be separated into roses and bags: trash input, bag insertion, and a small bag can be inserted into the waste input port 40. The removable auxiliary plate 44 can be used to replace the second auxiliary plate after replacing the compressed auxiliary plate 44 along the surface of the plate 11 and performing additional compression by returning the plate 11. The auxiliary plate may be a perforated plate, a lattice, or a fork. This structure is Heating and pressurization Surface 18 is provided inside workpiece storage and pressurization chamber 30 The Energy consumption such as heat loss and electric power is reduced, and moreover, low temperature waste heat can be effectively used, and fungus growth suppression temperature, for example, 50 to 60 ° C. can be temporarily or constantly operated. Convenience of handling, cleanliness, and compression efficiency can be improved, and if a cooling condensing surface is added, it is possible to always perform drying operation in the same equipment.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of FIG. heating Pressurization Surface 18 can be fixed or movable Pressurized surface 11 is movable. The take-out portion opening / closing lid 47 preferably has a heat retaining or heating function. It is preferable that the heating plate portion having a heating function including the opening and closing or the sliding door substantially thermally shields the inner plate and the outer plate portion of the dust storage portion with a thin plate or the like. Pressurization in the same meaning surface Is a heat insulating plate or at least one side is insulated Ru Is preferred. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 10, and the handle 5 drives the two pressure plates 11 while distinguishing them by the circumferential rotation of the shaft and the central angle key.
[0020]
FIG. 12 corresponds to the horizontal type of FIG. The slide lid 27 is a take-out door at the same time, compresses the waste 14 with the compression surface 11 moving about the shaft 42, presses and reduces the volume on the heating surface 18, and stores it as in FIG. When a predetermined amount is accumulated, there is an advantage that the surface 18 can be moved up to the inlet 40 or can be easily taken out from an outlet provided on the lower surface. FIG. 13 shows a horizontal semi-cylindrical heat compression volume reduction device. Can be a saddle type. FIG. 14 shows an example in which a wire rope is arranged on the side or corner of the inside of the pressurizing chamber, and a rope that pulls the surface is arranged at the corner of the angular section when the pressurizing or heating plate is moved up or down or laterally. FIG. 15 shows a case of a circular cross section. FIG. 16 is a flow sheet of a condensing exhaust deodorizing apparatus suitable for drying garbage of the apparatus of the present invention. Is . There is a feature that can reduce the displacement. In addition to using conventional equipment and materials, general-purpose or heat-resistant plastic such as disposable PET and PP. Another feature is that steel, stick material, film surface, and bag can be used alone or attached to the surface coating of the heat transfer surface, or can be replaced if they become fouled. The water-cooled or air-cooled heat transfer surface may be an outer plate of the apparatus. Steel, no Shu Known materials such as steel, copper, titanium, plastic, corrosion-resistant materials or conventional materials such as plating, lining, and coating, corrugated plates, plate heat exchangers, multi-tubular heat exchangers, falling films, and washing towers can be used. Since it is a cooling surface, high heat resistance is not absolutely necessary. A small amount of circulating air is naturally circulated or sent by the fan 64 to promote evaporation, and the exhaustion of the deodorizing agent such as activated carbon in the deodorizing device 49 can be prevented and the exhaust amount to be processed can be reduced at the same time. It can be mounted in a volume reducing device or fixed with a known connecting bracket.
[0021]
FIG. 17 shows a bowl-shaped semi-cylindrical heat compression volume reduction device having a slide lid or an open / close lid 47. Heating and pressing surface 9 and 18 may be a heat insulating plate on one side, and 9 is a waste plastic, paper waste, raw garbage, rubber waste, etc. 14 rotated from 42 into the chamber 2 through the insertion port 40. Compress with heat. New waste can be added to the space 2 opened during compression, and additional compression can be performed. Different kinds of waste can be compressed and volume-reduced in the compression direction. Stack compression can be performed in addition to the already compressed waste layer. It is also possible to use a non-melting property and put it in a bag, put another kind of waste into it, and stack and compress it. It is convenient to remove the compressed waste by separating the table 24 from the superstructure. There is a heat-insulating base. Energy saving, efficient and safe. 9 or 18 may itself be a weight. Rotation using an insulator and weight as shown in Fig. 35 so Alternatively, in FIG. 35, a lever may be attached to both ends of the shaft, a rod-shaped handle may be passed to both ends of the lever, and the handle itself may be used as a weight. The central angle of the fan-shaped cross section can be taken arbitrarily, and in Fig. 17 it is 180 degrees, but for low-temperature carbonization embrittlement of document paper pieces, it is thin from about 1 degree corresponding to the thickness, waste paper, waste plastic, garbage, Otherwise, it may be 10 to 100 degrees. Figure 18 shows the pressurization rotating around the axis surface It is an example of a cross section of the waste plastic heat-compressed product molded into a fan-shaped cross section. One side is embossed by the corrugated pressure surface, but both sides may be corrugated or may be a double-sided smooth surface. FIG. 19 shows a plurality of stacked layers, which can be further heated and compressed in the vertical direction. Packaging, storage, and in-vehicle methods. FIG. 20 is a schematic sectional view of a pressure surface or a pressure heating surface in which the rope 26 is accommodated in the guide groove 55 and the pressure surface 11 or 18 is connected and moved vertically or horizontally to compress waste.
In FIG. 21, the air is sucked from the vacuum suction port 56 provided at the bottom of the apparatus and the waste bag 33 containing waste plastic is sucked into the chamber 2. The short funnel 60 is a low-friction surface with a corner and is inserted inside the side wall 52 to easily inhale a bulky and large-section bag. When the bag reaches the bottom, the bottom of the bag is perforated by the protrusion 59, the inside of the bag is sucked, and the upper surface is sucked and compressed. In drying garbage, the protrusion 59 facilitates heat transfer from the bottom heat transfer surface, and a plurality of arrangements are advantageous. FIG. 16 is suitable for the exhaust treatment system. After the bag is sucked into the chamber 2, a pressure surface may be placed on the top or a pressure structure similar to that shown in FIG. Further, the side wall heat insulation wall 15 can be separated from the lower portion 61 so that the bottom take-out container 13 can be easily taken out. FIG. 22 is an explanatory view in which the waste bags 33 are accumulated and compressed and reduced. A plurality of pressure surfaces 58 can be taken out and circulated from below. FIG. 23 shows a pressurizing and heating volume reducing machine provided with a guide rail 62 of a rope 26 that winds up the pressurizing surface 11 with a roll 6 in the center of the chamber. The arm 63 is guided by the slit 61 and moves up and down. In contrast to the two or more ropes shown in FIG. 4, one central rope lifts the rod 63, and the guide rail also serves as a heating surface by heat conduction from the bottom heater. Pressurization is by 9 surfaces as a weight. Heating the bottom with the inner lid 42 as the heating surface 11 Pressurization The surface can be compressed up and down with a rope 26. FIG. 24 shows the heating surface 9 and the guide rail. The roll 6 may be provided at the bottom and compressed by moving the pressure surface up and down.
[0022]
25 and 26 are a cross-sectional view and a vertical cross-sectional view, respectively, of an apparatus suitable for reducing the weight of embrittlement heat treatment by drying garbage, biomass, and low-temperature carbonization. Heat insulation is reduced by placing a heat insulation thin plate, foil, film or radiation reflective vapor deposition film 75, 76 having a water vapor transmission hole between the heat transfer surface chamber 2 and the water condensing surface. The Yes. Condensed water flows down and separates without a decrease in heat insulation effect due to moisture condensation. The holes 77 and 78 are shifted in position to shield the heat radiation and prevent heat loss. The heater unit is provided with a hot air baffle plate for heating, or a baffle plate that can be circulated internally by the heater 20 also serving as a baffle plate, hot air or hot exhaust enters from 73 and heats the garbage 14 to evaporate moisture. The water vapor passes through the holes of the porous wall 13, passes through the porous film walls 75 and 76, condenses partly and is fully condensed at the outer wall 16 which is a condensing surface, and the condensed water is discharged from the pipe 83. Natural or forced circulation exits 108, 109 and enters 106, 107. Constrained convection between the upper and lower sides of the cooling chamber lowers the boiling point of garbage by about 5 to 40 ° C. and increases the utilization efficiency of waste heat.
In addition, the water surface of the container filled with water and raw garbage are actively evaporated at 90 to 95 ° C.
It is natural that there is evaporation at a lower temperature under reduced pressure of the vacuum pump. The heater 69 supplies low-temperature waste heat, initial anti-corruption sterilization heat, and drying heat, and also serves as a heat uniformizing baffle. Gas heating and catalytic combustion heating can also be performed. Reference numerals 70 and 71 denote a heat transfer surface for recovering heat from the condensed water, a sleeve, and a collecting pipe that covers the entire surface or a part of the outer wall 16. The heat may be used for air preheating or heating. FIG. 27 is provided with a heater inside the chamber 2 and has a cylindrical section with a dust heating and drying layer, but it is optional as in FIG. The fins 53 constitute a heat transfer honeycomb with 19. Exhaust gas, hot air, and the like enter the heating unit 74 through the hole 73. FIG. 28 shows a pusher having a cylindrical or annular push surface 11, a connecting notch 85, a crushing tooth 84, and an exhaust heater. A rod, presser 11 or the like is inserted from the top, and the weight is automatically or manually pressurized, or rotationally driven to squeeze moisture, and the amount of heat transfer is increased. 29 to 34 are modified surfaces for promoting or crushing heat transfer of the heating surfaces 11 and 18. Various combinations of bends for stirring, collars, protrusions that may have spirals, needles, swords, circumferential fins, fins 59 with notches 110 advantageous for distribution, corrugated plates, etc. can be fixed, or reciprocating Can rotate, reciprocate, vibrate The Convenient for increasing heat transfer area, promoting heat conduction of workpieces, crushing garbage, heating crushing, and heat-degrading crushing disposal of confidential documents.
A heating surface of an apparatus for crushing or tearing paper or the like by sandwiching or rotating between two surfaces after being thermally deteriorated can be configured. A known electric or manual mechanism can be used for driving. For example, a rotating mechanism of a mixer, a rotating grindstone mechanism or the like can be used, but the speed may be low, and a reciprocating motion is appropriate for preventing the winding of the fiber. To eliminate the need for cleaning, it is preferable to automatically remove the heat transfer surface, crushing tip, needle contamination, and rust, but it is convenient to replace part of the needle, blade, and tip with a brush, scrubbing brush, or the like. Or you can clean sand, sawdust, chopsticks, wood chips, or agitate after drying and self-polishing. FIG. 35 directly shows a lever suitable for driving the rotation center shaft of a drive roll, a pulley, etc., such as FIGS. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 17, and a ratchet that can extend and retract the lever portion. It is a wrench. In order to continuously apply pressure to the compression stress relief, such as a lever, handle, weight, electric motor, cylinder drive, etc., through a stopper 31 such as a hook and a spring 31 fixed with a hole 30 as shown in FIG. Can be fixed, or the weight can be suspended. You may change direction using pulleys and ropes. This is also suitable for the roll, pulley, pulley rotation, tension application, up / down weight, and compression direction shown in FIG. In FIG. 36, the bearing 104 is turned up and down 180 degrees or diagonally, and the heat transfer surfaces or pressure surfaces 11, 18, 7 that are weights are moved in the vertical or diagonal direction by gravity and heated and compressed. Since the weight 7 is preheated by the electric heat 9 and separated when it falls, there is little problem of electrical connection. The amount of heat sterilized and compressed is reduced by a small amount every time garbage is generated, and it is possible to efficiently treat, prevent odor, and downsize the device. Since the compressed object to be processed is held on the auxiliary container 17 lid 27 side, it is taken out. But Easy. In FIG. 37, the weight 7 is placed on the object to be processed by overturning by 90 degrees without using the frame 24 and compressed. The electric heat 9 can be omitted. When falling to the right side of the figure, the weight position returns to the original position, and then returns to the normal position, and the object to be processed can be taken out by opening the lid 27. This type has a structure and operation suitable for a simple volume reducer with a long vertical depth in the figure. It can also be heat-degraded with a confidential document or the like sandwiched between and crushed or torn by sliding or rotating between two surfaces. You may process the thing applied to the shredder similarly. A small amount of gas may be passed through small activated carbon or charcoal deodorant. The pulverized product becomes compost or carbon raw material. The object may be garbage. The needle may be a hairpin or an embossed surface protrusion. 38, the relatively large waste plastic film 14 is loosely sandwiched between the base 113 and the presser 114, the tip is inserted into the hole 116, and the shaft 115 is rotated to reduce the volume by applying twist. Rotate and wind up. The wound waste film is wrapped with an electric heating carpet, softened, and then allowed to cool appropriately to be removed from the roll 6. The removed one can be processed by the apparatus shown in FIG.
[Action]
Put a waste container in a heating / pressurizing chamber or a container for taking out waste, or put waste in a removing container in a heating / pressurizing chamber, move the pressing surface and use a pulley, weight, etc. Compress under the conditions controlled by. The one provided with one or more rope guides in the compression chamber prevents the pressing surface from shaking, prevents damage to the apparatus, and maintains the consistency of the shape of the waste molding. Compresses and heat-compresses waste plastic, waste paper, and garbage with little deterioration. In addition, paper documents, ready-to-eat, declining branches, waste materials or paper scraps, and wood are heated with indirect heating temperature control to reduce the volume by compression or heat deterioration or huminization, to produce powdered fuel, brown or dark brown soil Or similar to black compost.
[0023]
[Example 1]
In FIG. 1, two bread packaging bags of waste packaging film polypropylene are pressed into a heating compression chamber 2 having a diameter of about 19 cm, a thickness of 7 mm, 12.6 grams, and a bulk specific gravity of 0.008, with an internal width of 20 cm and a thickness and height of 20 cm. The heating surface temperature was set to 135 ° C., and heat softening compression molding was performed for 5 minutes. The volume reduction rate was 1/39. Three boxes of natto foamed PS containers, 7.86 grams (9 × 10 × 10 cm) bulk specific gravity 0.0087 were processed. (0.3 × 8.5 × 9 cm) The bulk specific gravity was 0.34, and the volume was reduced to 1/39.
[Example 2]
In FIG. 1, a container 2 in which a waste packaging film sheet product is placed in a high-density polyethylene bag with a diameter of about 20 cm, about 4 liters of 50 grams, a bulk specific gravity of 0.013 and having an internal dimension width of 20 cm × thickness height of 20 cm, 32, and placed on a hot plate in which the heating surface temperature was adjusted to around 160 ° C., followed by heat softening compression molding. The volume reduction rate was 1/10. Foamed PS dishes and crushed high impact PS lactic acid beverage bottles were also reduced in volume. Single quality waste plastic can be recycled or diverted to other uses.
[0024]
[Example 3]
In FIG. 1, pressure was applied at 130 ° C., a peripheral wall heat retention temperature of 140 ° C., and 0.1 kg / cm 2, and a packaging PVC sheet bulk specific gravity of 0.04 was heated and compressed to 0.71. Similarly, the waste packaging material of vinyl chloride shrink film (bulk specific gravity 0.18) was heated under pressure with a weight load of 6 kg for 120 minutes while the maximum heating system temperature was suppressed to 140 ° C. or lower. Without melting, a reusable lump having a thickness of 50 mm, a perforated disk, and odorless was obtained.
[Example 4]
In FIG. 1, PP band bulk specific gravity 0.04 was heated from above and below at 160 ° C., and the peripheral wall insulation temperature was 140 ° C., and pressure reduction molding was performed at 0.1 kg / cm 2.
The bulk specific gravity was 0.12.
[Example 5]
In FIG. 23, a container with an internal size width of 20 cm × thickness height of 20 cm and a central shaft diameter of 42 mm in a recycling waste disposal apparatus 1 with a built-in fixed radiation heater, a heating surface heater and a thermocouple and attached with a temperature controller. 7 and placed on a bottom heating surface or hot plate whose heating surface temperature was adjusted to around 160 ° C., and subjected to heat softening compression molding. There was no eccentricity or burr, and the volume reduction rate was 1/10. Single-quality plastic waste can be recycled or used for other purposes, as waste fuel. The volume of rubber and unsaturated polyester pieces could also be reduced.
[0025]
[Example 6]
The long polyethylene film for agriculture used in the greenhouse is wound while rotating with a device having an inner diameter and height of 450 mm and a shaft diameter of 60 mm as shown in FIG. The sample was taken up and packed in the chamber 2, heated with hot air, and reduced in volume by heating in the axial direction as in Example 1. The deposited waste had a bulk specific gravity of 0.015, but became 0.4 and 1/25 after 60 minutes of heat compression. The compressed product did not melt, and removal was easy with a take-out container.
[Example 7]
The vinyl chloride film was treated as in Example 3. The maximum temperature of the heating system was 140 ° C. or less, requiring 60 minutes, and the bulk specific gravity was 0.6.
[Example 8]
The expanded polystyrene dish was treated as in Example 1. The heating surface temperature was 140 ° C. In 60 minutes, the bulk specific gravity was reduced to 0.6 and 1/10.
[Example 9]
An expanded polystyrene natto container was treated in the same manner as in FIG. The bulk specific gravity was 0.011, and 0.005 was accumulated to 0.5. The 30-minute treatment gave 0.2, and the volume reduction rates were 1/100 and 1/40, respectively.
[Example 10]
A toaster-type heating / pressurizing device having a cross section of A5 in a heating / pressurizing chamber and a thickness of 10 mm was attached with a deodorizer and the two copies were folded and heated at 200 ° C. for 2 hours. After cooling, it was crushed to about 0.1 to 1 mm where it could not be judged by squeezing by hand after cooling. In the mixer, it was pulverized in 10 seconds. The burnt odor did not leak. The fragmented and pulverized product was hydroponically cultivated with beans in a container and allowed to germinate and grow.
[0026]
Example 11
A perforator 59 for heat transfer was placed in the apparatus of FIG. 1 equipped with a suction and exhaust port with an inner diameter of 20 cm and a depth of 20 cm, and dried by inserting a stirring blade with a water condensation and deodorization system of FIG. Next, it was embrittled at 220 ° C. for 3 hours in the same apparatus, and both hand crushing and mixer crushing were possible. The dry exhaust with 1.5 liters of garbage was odorless. Compressed and dehydrated raw garbage 1 with moisture of 84% containing vegetable waste to 70% moisture, then boiled and softened at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, internal method 1 cm thickness, 15 cm width with heater attached to side plate of FIG. Garbage was easily inserted into a heating dryer with a height of 60 cm and an electric heat of 500 W, and dried in 3 hours. (Control example) It took 10 hours without stirring in the apparatus of FIG.
Example 12
Twigs with leaves having a diameter of 10 mm or less were embrittled at 240 ° C. for 3 hours in the same manner as in Example 11 and easily pulverized. The bulk specific gravity 0.17 became the weight yield 0.84 and the bulk specific gravity 0.42. Both Example 11 and Example 12 could be used for hydroponics. Fuels and composting were possible without using biochemical processes that were difficult to manage for a long time.
Example 13
Waste food packaging films, plastic bags, agricultural bags, agricultural plastics, building material packaging waste films, etc. were bulky, but it was easy to clip one end and rotate the other end with a clip to squeeze the towel. The volume could be reduced to a rope shape. For long and bag-like items such as agricultural bibs, grab the tip and pull the portion in the vicinity between another two rods or diaphragms while sliding and pulling to less than 1/5 I was able to reduce the volume. By constraining this, it was heated to 130 ° C. while being heated or compressed as it was by the method of Example 1 or below, and fixed or volume-reduced to a half or less, ie, a bulk specific gravity of 0.4 or less. It is appropriate that the trapped air during operation is released by drilling by hand or machine with a cone or the like.
[0027]
【effect】
By selecting or combining them, it is smaller than before, saves materials and places, prevents quality deterioration at low temperature and low pressure from the source of garbage, organic waste, waste materials, etc. Made it easier. In addition, paper, cloth and wood deterioration processing in the transition temperature range facilitates disposal of paper, paper, magnetic IC cards, light, magnetic disks, tickets, tickets, and the like. Compost substitute material without using biochemistry. This makes it difficult to recycle resources at the end of consumption, reduce the frequency of small-lot transportation, increase the storage capacity of public collection places, increase vehicle loading capacity, eliminate transshipment, cost of garbage systems, vehicle congestion, exhaust gas, illegal dumping, landfill, chemical Contributes to solving material diffusion problems. Garbage and biomass with a lot of moisture are dried with waste heat and solar heat to recover them with low-cost equipment and convenience equipment and work as a heat medium.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front explanatory view of a compression heating volume reduction device.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a compression heating volume reduction device.
[Fig. 3] Side view of compression heating volume reduction device
FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional explanatory view of an upper extrusion type volume reducing device.
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of an upper lid opening / closing weight additional pressure heating surface lifting type volume reduction device.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of an upper lid opening / closing weight lifting mechanism.
FIG. 7 is a front cross-sectional view of an upper lid opening / closing weight lifting mechanism.
8 is a front cross-sectional explanatory diagram with a built-in upper lid opening / closing weight lifting mechanism.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a hinged saddle type compression mechanism.
FIG. 10 is a vertical view of a hinge-type compression mechanism or a side view explanatory view of a horizontal type;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a hinge-type horizontal compression device.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a horizontal cylindrical compression heating volume reduction device.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a horizontal semi-cylindrical compression heating volume reduction device.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an arrangement example of a tension type pressurizing surface moving rope in a rectangular tube pressurizing chamber.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an example of arrangement of a cylindrical pressurizing chamber of a tension type pressurizing surface moving rope.
FIG. 16: Condensation / deodorization flow sheet for waste treatment exhaust
FIG. 17 is a side sectional view of a saddle type device.
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a compression molded product on a rotary heating and pressing surface.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the same laminate
FIG. 20 is an explanatory plan view of a saddle type compression mechanism with a plurality of guide grooves.
FIG. 21 is a sectional view of a vertical vacuum suction compression device.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory view of cumulative compression of a vertical vacuum suction compression apparatus.
FIG. 23 is a front cross-sectional view of a vertical heat compression apparatus with a pressure surface guide.
FIG. 24 is a sectional plan view of a pressing surface guide groove of a vertical compression mechanism.
Fig. 25 Cross section of raw garbage, biomass drying or low temperature carbonization equipment
Fig. 26 Longitudinal section of garbage, biomass drying or low-temperature carbonization equipment
FIG. 27 is a sectional view of the cylindrical device.
FIG. 28 is a front sectional view of a vertical heating and compressing apparatus with a pressing surface.
[Fig. 29] Longitudinal section of the needle blade and fin pressure surface
FIG. 30 is a plan view of the same needle sword mountain and fin pressing surface.
[Fig. 31] Drying or low-temperature carbonization equipment heating surface fin-fin type longitudinal section of garbage, paper, etc.
FIG. 32 is a side sectional view of the heating surface of the device.
FIG. 33: Longitudinal section of wave-type heating surface of the device
FIG. 34 is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 35 is a side view or a plan view of a winding shaft driving mechanism for compressing surface driving or weight movement.
FIG. 36 is a side sectional view of the upside down type heating and compressing device.
FIG. 37 is a side cross-sectional view of a rollover type heat compression apparatus.
FIG. 38 is an explanatory diagram of torsion-drawing type volume reduction.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Heating and pressure reducing machine, 2 Pressurizing and heating compression chamber, workpiece storage chamber, 3 rolls,
4 Rotating arm, handle or handle with gear for power transmission, 5 handle,
6 pulley, bearing, 7 spindles, 9 upper heater, 11 upper surface heating surface,
15 heat insulating material, 16 outer wall, cooling surface, heat exchange surface, 17 perforated plate bottom,
10, 19 Temperature control sensor or overheat prevention electrical contact,
12 side wall, heating surface, heat insulation heating surface, heat insulation surface,
13 Nets, partition walls such as grid litter, or containers for taking out, 14 waste or processed materials,
18 room bottom heating surface heater part, 21, 30 molded product, 22 control power supply,
25 support tool, 33 interpolated bag, bag net, 27 lid, 26 rope, chain,
35 spring, 39 heat reflecting plate, 40 slot, 42 shaft, 44 auxiliary plate,
43 intermediate gear, reverse rotation preventing claw gear, 47 take-out opening / closing lid, 48 condenser,
49 deodorizer, 69 heater, 70 heat recovery pipe or cooling fin,
73 exhaust, hot air inlet, 74 exhaust, hot air passage,
75, 76 Perforated plate or film for heat shielding, reflective film, 77, 78 holes,
79 Fins or fillings.

Claims (3)

A cylindrical pressurizing chamber (2) having an arcuate or circular cross section;
A longitudinal rotation center axis (42) attached in parallel to the cylinder at the center of the arc;
A plurality of pressurizing surfaces (11, 18) and a plurality of pressurizing surfaces (11, 18) are attached to the longitudinal rotating shaft (42) so as to be individually rotatable, and divide the pressurizing chamber (2). 18) driving means (4) for driving at least one sheet, and means for fixing at least one other sheet,
A waste disposal apparatus comprising:   The waste disposal apparatus according to claim 1, comprising two pressure surfaces (11, 18).   The waste disposal apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a pressing surface fixing function and a reversing function.

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