JP4065999B2

JP4065999B2 - Building exterior structure

Info

Publication number: JP4065999B2
Application number: JP2003198764A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 政博服部; 庸介田中
Original assignee: 株式会社三陽
Priority date: 2003-06-14
Filing date: 2003-06-14
Publication date: 2008-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2023-06-14
Also published as: JP2005002762A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建築物の外装構造に関し、詳細には、汚泥処理用消化槽、飼料貯蔵槽、その他の貯蔵タンク、体育館等を始めとする建築物の外面を複数の縦長の外装板で被覆してなる外装構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
建築物においては、躯体を保護し、美観を確保するために、一般に外装が施されている。例えば、躯体がコンクリート製で、外面形状が円柱形、球形、卵形等の球面状に形成された汚泥処理用消化槽、飼料貯蔵槽、その他の貯蔵タンク、体育館等の建築物については、躯体を保護し、美観を確保するとともに、外気温度の影響を防止するために、躯体の外面を断熱材で被覆して断熱層を形成し、躯体の外面を縦方向に細長く複数に区分した形状に対応する鋼板等の金属薄板からなる複数の外装板を断熱層を被覆するように取付けた外装構造が提案されている。
【０００３】
この外装構造において、建築物の外面を縦方向に細長く複数に区分した形状の輪郭に対応して吊子台座（以下、台座という）を取付け、両側外方に下向きＵ字状の側縁係合部を有する上向きコ字状の瓦棒通し吊子（以下、吊子という）を台座上に重ねて取付け、外装板のＬ字状の側縁部を吊子の側縁係合部に係止して取付けた後、両側内方に上向きＵ字状の側縁係合部を有する下向きコ字状の瓦棒化粧カバー（以下、化粧カバーという）を吊子に被せ、化粧カバーの側縁係合部を吊子の側縁係合部に嵌め込むことにより、外装板の側縁部を圧着挟持して固定してなるものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平１−１０２１６２号公報（第２−３頁、第２−４図）
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記従来の外装構造は、吊子の下向きＵ字状の側縁係合部に外装板のＬ字状の側縁部を嵌め込んだ後、さらに化粧カバーの上向きＵ字状の側縁係合部を嵌め込むことにより、外装板の側縁部が圧着挟持して固定されていることから、次の問題点がある。外装板の側縁部が縦方向の全体に亘って吊子と化粧カバーで密封されるため、強風時には外装板の内外気圧に大きな差が生じ、風圧で外装板が変形し、またその側縁部がずれて取付けが外れる恐れがある。気温変化に伴う外装板と吊子、化粧カバー及び台座との熱伸縮差により、外装板が変形し、またその側縁部がずれて取付けが外れる恐れがある。変形、離脱、その他により損傷した外装板を交換する場合、先ず化粧カバーを取外すが、化粧カバーの上向きＵ字状の側縁係合部が吊子の下向きＵ字状の側縁係合部に嵌め込んで係止されていることから、化粧カバーの取外しが困難であり、また化粧カバー及び吊子の側縁係合部を変形させる恐れがある。さらに、隣接する外装板の側縁部の固定を同時に解除することになることから、隣接する外装板の側縁部等を損傷させる恐れがある。その結果、所要の外装板を交換するのみではなく、隣接する外装板、化粧カバー及び吊子をも交換せざるを得ず、いわゆる部分補修が困難である。
【０００６】
また、前記従来の外装構造は、躯体の外面に断熱層が設けられているが、断熱層は、公知の方法、例えば発泡樹脂からなる断熱材の吹き付け、発泡樹脂ボードからなる断熱材の接着剤による取付け等により行われている。そのため、断熱材の全面が躯体に一体に取付けられている。ところが、断熱材と躯体の線膨張率が大きく異なり、気温変化により大きな熱伸縮差が生じるため、断熱材が断裂し、断熱層としての機能を長期間維持し難いという問題点がある。
【０００７】
本発明は、前記従来の問題点を解消すべくなされたものであり、その課題は、風圧又は気温変化による外装板の変形、離脱等を抑制するとともに、部分補修を簡便になし得る建築物の外装構造を提供することにある。また、気温変化による断熱材の断裂を抑制し、断熱層の耐久性を確保し得る建築物の外装構造を提供することにある。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するために、本発明では、外装板を台座に直接取付けることにより、吊子及び化粧カバーの熱変形の影響を受けないようになっている。外装板の側縁部又は側縁部に沿う部位を縦方向に間隔を空けて着脱可能な固定部材で取付けることにより、強風時における外装板の内外気圧差を減少し、風圧による変形、離脱等を抑制し得るようになっている。吊子が、両側外向きに突出し、端部側が内向きになるように屈曲した係合受部を有し、化粧カバーが、吊子の係合受部の屈曲部位に対応する部位で下方斜め内向きに屈曲し、引き続いて端部側が下方斜め外向きになるように屈曲し、吊子の係合受部に弾性的に係合する係止部を有することにより、化粧カバーの着脱を円滑になし得るようになっている。
【０００９】
すなわち、本発明は、躯体の外面を縦方向に細長く複数に区分した形状の輪郭に対応して配置され、躯体に着脱可能に固定された台座と、隣接する台座間を覆うように配置され、側縁部又は側縁部に沿う部位が縦方向に間隔を空けて着脱可能な固定部材で台座に取付けられた外装板と、台座上に設けられ、両側外向きに突出し、端部側が内向きになるように屈曲した係合受部を有する吊子と、端部側の先端が台座の外装板の取付部位より外側になるように着脱可能に装着され、吊子の係合受部の屈曲部位に対応する部位で下方斜め内向きに屈曲し、引き続いて端部側が下方斜め外向きになるように屈曲し、吊子の係合受部に弾性的に係合する係止部を有する弾性板材からなる化粧カバーを備えてなることを特徴としている。
【００１０】
外装板は、側縁部が上向きＬ字状に屈曲したものでもよい。その際、固定部材は、取付部の一端からＬ字状に立ち上がる下向きＵ字状の保持部を有する取付金具と、取付金具を固定する止めネジを備えてなり、取付金具の保持部を外装板の側縁部を挟持するように装着し、取付部を止めネジで台座に固定して外装板を取付けることが好ましい。取付金具の取付部を外装板上から台座に取付けるとともに、隣接部位においては取付金具の取付部を台座に直接取付けることにより、外装板を取付けてもよい。取付金具の取付部を外装板上から止めネジで台座に取付ける場合には、外装板の側縁部に沿って止めネジより大径の取付穴を形成し、外装板と台座及び取付金具の取付部の間に外装板の取付穴を覆うように低摩擦フイルムからなる滑動補助シートを設けることが好ましい。
【００１１】
また、本発明では、躯体の外面と外装板間に断熱層が設けられていてもよい。その際、断熱層は、逆爪が形成された刺し爪を有するスタイロックアンカーを躯体に接着し、このスタイロックアンカーに発泡樹脂ボードからなる断熱材を突き刺して取付け、隣接する断熱材間の隙間を防湿テープで覆うことにより形成されていることが好ましい。台座は、その上面が断熱層の外面と同一高さになるように躯体に取付けられていてもよく、台座が溝型材からなる場合には溝内に断熱材が装着されていてもよい。また、台座は、外装板の取付部位に沿って縦方向に延びる溝状の雨水樋が形成されていてもよい。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を図に基づいて説明する。図１〜８は、第１実施の形態の概念的な説明図である。図１〜８において、１は建築物である汚泥処理用消化槽、２は躯体である。躯体２は、コンクリート製で、その全体形状が図２に示すようにほぼ卵形の球面状に形成されている。３は、外装で、躯体２の外面に後述する断熱層２３を設け、この断熱層２３を複数の外装板４で被覆し、躯体２を保護し、美観を確保するとともに、保温するようになっている。
【００１３】
外装板４は、縦方向の上端部と下端部が公知の方法により縦方向に緊張して取付けられ、両側縁部５が後述する台座１３に取付金具７と止めネジ８からなる固定部材で取付けられている。外装板４は、鋼板等の金属薄板からなり、図２に示すように、躯体２の外面を縦方向に細長く複数に区分した形状に対応して形成され、図１、図３、図４及び図８に示すように、側縁部５が上向きＬ字状に屈曲され、縦方向における上端から下端に至るまで、すなわち全長に亘って幅方向に延びる短寸法の折曲部４ａと長寸法の折曲部４ｂが交互に形成されている。これらの折曲部４ａ，４ｂは、短寸法の折曲部４ａと長寸法の折曲部４ｂが対になり、波模様又は瓦模様を模擬表示することになる。また、側縁部５に沿う部位には、図５、図６に示すように、止めネジ８より大径の取付穴６が縦方向に間隔を空けて複数形成されている。なお、外装板４は、側縁部５が折り曲げの無い平坦なもの、すなわち縁無しでもよく、各折曲部４ａ，４ｂの無い平板でもよい。
【００１４】
取付金具７は、止めネジ挿入孔９を有する平坦な取付部１０と、取付部１０の一端からＬ字状に立ち上がる下向きＵ字状の保持部１１を有する金属板からなり、保持部１１を外装板の側縁部５を挟持するように装着し、取付部１０を止めネジ８で台座１３に固定するようになっている。すなわち、取付金具７による外装板の側縁部５の固定は、図４、図５及び図６に示すように、外装板の取付穴６の部位における表裏両面、すなわち台座１３の側及び取付金具７の側に低摩擦フイルムである超高分子量ポリエチレンテープからなる滑動補助シート１２を装着し、取付金具の保持部１１を外装板の側縁部５を挟持するように装着し、取付部１０を滑動補助シート１２上に載置して止めネジ８で取付けることにより行われている。そして、これらの中間の１個所において、図１において右側の外装板４に対して実線で示し、図６に点線で示すように、取付金具の取付部１０を台座１３に直接載置して取付けている。すなわち、取付部１０を外装板４と台座１３に直接載置しての取付を交互に行っている。なお、混在させて取付けてもよく、また前記いずれか一方のみで取付けてもよい。外装板４上から取付ける取付金具７は、図６に実線で示すように、台座１３に直接載置するものより外装板４及び滑動補助シート１２の厚味に相当して保持部１１の高さが低く設定されたものが好ましく、外装板４の浮き上がり方向、縦方向及び幅方向の拘束状態を台座１３に直接載置するものとほぼ同一に設定し得る。滑動補助シート１２は、摩擦係数が小さく、フイルム状の薄い素材からなるものであればよく、外装板４上から取付金具７を取付けた場合における外装板４の取付金具７及び台座１３に対する移動を僅かに許容するとともに、取付金具７の取付部位の防水をなし得る。なお、滑動補助シート１２は、台座１３、外装板４及び取付金具７のいずれにも固定されていないが、外装板４の表側については取付部１０の裏面に接着剤により予め固定されていてもよい。
【００１５】
台座１３は、金属板からなる下向きコ字状の型材で、上面の両側が外装板４の取付部位になっている。幅方向中央には、図１及び図４に示すように、縦方向に間隔を空けてボルト挿入孔Ｈ１が設けられ、これらのボルト挿入孔Ｈ１を予め断熱層２３を貫通して躯体２に打ち込まれた複数のアンカーボルト１４に挿通し、下面が断熱層２３の外面に接近又は接触した位置になるように下部ナット１５で高さ調節し、上部ナット１６を締め付けて固定されている。アンカーボルト１４は、躯体２の外面を縦方向に細長く複数に区分した形状の輪郭に沿って間隔を空けて配置されており、台座１３は、躯体２の外面を縦方向に細長く複数に区分した形状の輪郭に対応して配置されることになる。なお、台座１３の形状は、剛性が確保されるならば平板等の他の形状でもよい。
【００１６】
１７は、金属板からなる吊子で、図１に示すように、上向きコ字状の本体１８の両側上端から対称に下方斜め外向きに突出し、端部側が下方斜め内向きになるように屈曲した係合受部１９を備え、本体１８の幅方向中央に形成されたボルト挿入孔Ｈ２をアンカーボルト１４に挿通し、台座１３に重ねて上部ナット１６で固定されている。係合受部１９は、台座１３の幅の半分程度に相当する寸法に設定され、台座１３に取付けられた外装板の側縁部５、いいかえれば外装板４の取付部位の上方を覆うようになっているが、外装板の側縁部５の上方より内側でもよい。なお、係合受部１９の取付位置は、本体１８の上端よりも下方から突出して形成されてもよい。係合受部１９の上面は、下方斜め外向きであることが好ましいが、水平面等の他の形状でもよい。本体１８の形状は、他の形状でもよい。
【００１７】
２０は、金属薄板からなる化粧カバーで、吊子の本体１８より幅広で平坦な基板部２１の両側から吊子の各係合受部１９の屈曲部位に対応した部位で下方斜め内向きに屈曲し、引き続いて端部側が下方斜め外向きになるように屈曲した係止部２２を備え、各係止部２２が吊子の各係合受部１９に弾性的に係合し、端部側が外装板の側縁部５を覆うように吊子１７に装着されている。化粧カバー２０の寸法は、基板部２１の内面が吊子の本体１８の上端に当接し、係止部２２の端部側の先端が外装板の側縁部５より外側で、外装板４の表面に接触する程度に近接するように設定されている。係止部２２の角度は、吊子の係合受部１９の角度より幾分大きく設定されているが、少なくとも吊子の各係合受部１９の屈曲部位に係合するようになっていればよい。係止部２２の端部側の先端は、円形断面に屈曲されているが、化粧カバー２０の装着時に外装板４の表面に滑らかに接触するようになっていればよく、例えば端面が面取り又は樹脂等の低摩擦材で被覆されていてもよい。基板部２１は、その内面が吊子の本体１８の上端から離れていてもよい。基板部２１の断面形状は、凹状又は凸状の平面又は曲面のいずれの形状でもよく、また吊子の本体１８より幅狭でもよい。
【００１８】
断熱層２３は、図７に示すように、躯体２の外面に防水材であるプライマー（図示せず）を塗布した後、逆爪２８が形成された４個の刺し爪２７を有する複数個のスタイロックアンカー２６を躯体２に接着し、これらのスタイロックアンカー２６に発泡樹脂ボードからなる断熱材２４を突き刺して取付け、隣接する断熱材２４間の隙間を防湿テープ（図示せず）で覆うことにより形成されている。発泡樹脂ボードは、防水シート２５であるアルミ箔ポリエステル積層フイルムで被覆された硬質ポリウレタンフォームのボードである。断熱層２３は、複数の断熱材２４がそれぞれ複数個所に取付けられたスタイロックアンカー２６で躯体２に取付けられていることから、気温変化による断熱材２４の躯体２との熱伸縮差がスタイロックアンカー２６で吸収され、断熱材２４の断裂が抑制されるため、保温機能が長期間維持される。なお、断熱材２４は、他の発泡樹脂からなるものでもよく、公知のように発泡樹脂からなる断熱材を吹き付けにより被覆し、又は発泡樹脂ボードの全面を接着剤で躯体２に取付けてもよい。スタイロックアンカー２６は、刺し爪２７が円形の基板２９の外周の４個所に立設されているが、基板２９の中央に１個立設されたものでもよい。
【００１９】
本実施の形態の外装３は、前記のように構成されており、その作用等を施工作業及び補修作業とともに次に説明する。外装３の施工作業は、先ず断熱材２４を躯体２の外面に複数個のスタイロックアンカー２６で取付けて断熱層２３を形成し、アンカーボルト１４を躯体２の外面を縦方向に細長く複数に区分した形状の輪郭に沿って間隔を空けて打ち込む。このアンカーボルト１４に台座１３のボルト挿入孔Ｈ１を挿通し、台座１３の下面が断熱層２３の外面に接触する程度に下部ナット１５で高さ調節し、上部ナット１６を締め付けて仮固定する。次いで、外装板４を隣接する一対の台座１３間を覆うように配置し、外装板４の縦方向の上端側又は下端側の一方を公知の方法により躯体２に固定し、他端を引張って躯体２に固定し、外装板４を縦方向に緊張させて取付ける。そして、外装板の各側縁部５をそれぞれ対応する各台座１３の上面に取付金具７で取付ける。取付金具７による取付けは、前記したように、外装板の取付穴６の部位における表裏両面にそれぞれ矩形の滑動補助シート１２を装着し、取付金具の保持部１１を外装板の側縁部５に係合し、表側の滑動補助シート１２上に取付金具の取付部１０を載せ、この取付部１０を止めネジ８により締め付けて固定する。そして、外装板４の隣接する取付穴６の中間の部位において取付金具の保持部１１を外装板の側縁部５に係合し、取付部１０を台座１３に止めネジ８で直接固定する。なお、外装板４を縦方向に緊張させて取付ける工程と取付金具７で取付ける工程は、逆順でもよく、その際には取付金具７による取付けは止めネジ８を軽く締付け、縦方向に緊張させた後に所定の締付けを行う。
【００２０】
同様にして隣接する外装板４をも取付けた後、アンカーボルト１４の上部ナット１６を取外し、吊子１７のボルト挿入孔Ｈ２を挿通し、上部ナット１６を締付けて吊子１７を台座１３に重ねて取付ける。これにより、外装板の側縁部５が隣接する外装板の側縁部５とともに吊子の係合受部１９で覆われることになる。次いで、化粧カバー２０を吊子１７に被せ、縦方向における上端側又は下端側を押付け、押付ける部位における化粧カバーの係止部２２を吊子の係合受部１９に係合させ、押付ける部位を縦方向における他端側に順次移動し、全ての部位において係止部２２を係合受部１９に係合させる。その際、化粧カバー２０を押付けることにより、係止部２２の端部側の下方斜め外向きの面が係合受部１９の屈曲部位の近くに当接しながら滑って押し広げられる。次いで、係止部２２の外向きの屈曲部位が係合受部１９の屈曲部位を通過した後に係止部２２の下方斜め内向きの面が係合受部１９の屈曲部位に当接しながら押し広げられ、係止部２２の内向きの屈曲部位が係合受部１９の屈曲部位に合致した時に、係止部２２が自身の弾性力で閉じて係合受部１９の下方斜め内向きの面に当接する。略同時に、基板部２１が吊子の本体１８の上端に当接する。これにより、化粧カバー２０は、吊子１７を覆うように弾性的に装着され、図１に示すように、基板部２１と係止部２２の下方斜め内向きの部位で吊子の係合受部１９を弾性的に挟持し、がたつきがないように装着される。また、係止部２２の端部側の先端が外装板の側縁部５の外側において外装板４の表面に接触する程度に近接して装着される。以上により、建築物１である汚泥処理用消化槽の外装３は、図２に示すように、縦方向に細長い外装板４と化粧カバー２０が交互に配置され、躯体２の形状に対応した卵形に形成される。そして、外装板４の縦方向における上端から下端に至るまで幅方向の短寸法の折曲部４ａと長寸法の折曲部４ｂが形成されていることから、外装板４が瓦模様を表し、化粧カバー２０が瓦棒を表し、いわゆる瓦棒葺の構造になる。
【００２１】
補修作業については、例えば損傷した１枚の外装板４を交換する場合、外装板の両側縁部５を覆う各化粧カバー２０を取外し、上部ナット１６を取外して吊子１７を取外し、取付金具７による固定及び縦方向の緊張固定を解除し、外装板５を取外す。その際、化粧カバー２０の取外しは、先ず縦方向の上端又は下端における係止部２２の端部側を押し広げながら持ち上げて吊子の係合受部１９から離脱させる。係止部２２の端部側を押し広げることにより、下方斜め内向きの面が係合受部１９の下方斜め内向きの面から離れ、持ち上げることにより係合受部１９の屈曲部位に当接して押し広げられ、係止部２２の下方斜め外向きの屈曲部位が係合受部１９の屈曲部位に当接し、一端側における係止部２２が係合受部１９から離脱される。次に、持ち上げる部位を縦方向の他端側に移動するが、既に係止部２２の下方斜め外向きの屈曲部位が係合受部１９の屈曲部位に当接した状態にあるため、持ち上げることにより係止部２２が係合受部１９から容易に離脱される。以後、同様にして持ち上げることにより、化粧カバー２０の全長に亘って係止部２２が係合受部１９から離脱される。以上のように、係止部２２の離脱作業を小さな力で無理なくなし得るため、化粧カバー２０自身、吊子１７及び隣接する外装板４を損傷させることなく行い得る。そして、所定の外装板４を取外した後は、施工作業に従って新しい外装板４を台座１３に取付け、吊子１７及び化粧カバー２０を順次取付けて補修を終了する。
【００２２】
本実施の形態によれば、外装板４が縦方向に間隔を空けた複数個所で台座１３に取付けられ、しかも幅方向の折曲部４ａ，４ｂを有していることから、外装板の側縁部５と台座１３間に間隙が設けられ、外装板４の内外が連通しているため、強風時における外装板４の内外気圧差が小さく、風圧による外装板４の変形が抑制される。また、気温変化による縦方向における外装板４と台座１３の熱伸縮差が、外装板の折曲部４ａ，４ｂでも吸収されるため、外装板４の熱変形が支障のない程度に抑制される。化粧カバーの係止部２２の先端が外装板４の表面に近接して覆うため、飛散する雨水の化粧カバー２０内への侵入を抑制し得る。しかも、外装板の側縁部５がＬ字状に形成されていることから、外装板４と台座１３の隙間からの雨水の侵入を防止し得る。
【００２３】
なお、本実施の形態において、吊子の係合受部１９の寸法が外装板４の取付部位より内側に設定されている場合には、吊子１７を台座１３に取付けた状態で外装板４の取付・取外作業ができるため、施工作業及び補修作業を簡便かつ迅速になし得る。すなわち、施工作業時には、台座１３をアンカーボルト１４に装着し、吊子１７を重ねて装着し、上部ナット１６を締め付けて固定した後に外装板４を取付けることができ、台座１３を仮固定する手間を省略し得る。また、補修作業時には、化粧カバー２０を取外すのみで損傷した外装板４を取外し、新しい外装板４を装着することができ、吊子１７の取外・取付を省略し得る。
【００２４】
図９及び図１０は、第２実施の形態の概念的な説明図である。図９及び図１０において、図１〜８におけると同一の符号は同一の機能部材を意味している。第２実施の形態は、台座１３の形状、外装板４の形状、外装板４の取付構造及び吊子の係合受部１９の形状の４点について第１実施の形態とは相違しており、これらの相違点を中心に以下に説明する。台座１３の形状は、全体として下向きコ字状で、上面両側の外装板４の取付部位に沿って縦方向に上向きコ字状の雨水樋３０が形成され、外装板４の取付部位を越えて流入する雨水を排出するようになっている。外装板４の形状は、躯体２の外面を縦方向に細長く複数に区分した形状に対応して形成され、縦方向における上端から下端に至るまで、すなわち全長に亘って図１０に示すように幅方向に折り曲げられた短寸法の折曲部４ａと長寸法の折曲部４ｂが交互に形成されているが、側縁部５が第１実施の形態のように上向きＬ字状に折り曲げられてなく平坦、すなわち縁無しになっている。そして、外装板４の取付けは、側縁部に沿って縦方向に間隔を空けて止めネジ８と座金３１からなる固定部材で台座１３に固定されている。なお、外装板４の側縁部に止めネジ８より大径の取付穴を形成し、表裏両面に滑動補助シートを装着して取付けてもよく、気温変化時における外装板４の熱変形をさらに抑制し得る。吊子の係合受部１９の形状は、端部側がほぼ水平で内向きになるように屈曲されている。これにより、化粧カバー２０の装着状態においては、係止部２２の下方斜め内向きの屈曲部位及びその付近が係合受部１９の屈曲部位に弾性的に係合し、吊子１７に装着される。また、吊子の係合受部１９と台座１３の上面との上下間隔が大きく設定されることから、吊子１７を台座１３に取付けた状態で外装板４の取付・取外作業をなし得るため、外装３の施工作業及び補修作業を簡便かつ迅速になし得る。
【００２５】
図１１は、第３実施の形態の概念的な説明図である。図１１において、図１〜８におけると同一の符号は同一の機能部材を意味している。第３実施の形態は、台座１３と吊子１７の形状と構造、外装板４の形状、外装板４の取付構造及び化粧カバー２０の形状の４点について第１実施の形態と相違しており、これらの相違点を中心に以下に説明する。台座１３と吊子１７は、金属板を折り曲げて一体に形成されている。台座１３は、扁平な上向きＣ字状に形成され、吊子１７は、台座１３の各上端に立設され、図１１に示すように左右一対の係合受部１９を有している。係合受部１９は、第２実施の形態におけると同様に端部側が水平内向きになるように屈曲しており、外装板４の取付・取外作業を簡便になし得る。なお、係合受部１９は、台座１３の上面との上下間隔が外装板４を固定する止めネジ８等を操作し得る空間が確保される程度に設定されていればよく、また台座１３の上面両側における外装板４の取付部位より内側になる寸法に設定されていてもよい。外装板４の形状及び取付けは、第２実施の形態におけると同様に、縁無しで、止めネジ８と座金３１からなる固定部材で台座１３に固定するようになっている。化粧カバー２０の形状は、基板部２１が凸状の曲面形状で、吊子の本体１８上端から離れるように形成されており、第２実施の形態と同様に係止部２２の下方斜め内向きの屈曲部位及びその付近が係合受部１９の屈曲部位に弾性的に係合し、吊子１７に装着される。なお、第３実施の形態において、縁無しの外装板４が採用されているが、第１実施の形態におけると同様にＬ字状の側縁部５を有する外装板４でもよい。第３実施の形態によれば、台座１３と吊子１７が一体に形成されていることから、部品点数が少なくなり、それだけ施工作業性に優れている。
【００２６】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、外装板の側縁部又は側縁部に沿う部位が縦方向に間隔を空けた複数個所で着脱可能な固定部材で台座に固定されていることから、強風時における外装板の内外気圧差が従来よりも小さくなるため、風圧による外装板の変形、離脱が抑制される。化粧カバーが吊子の係合受部の屈曲部位に対応した部位で内向きに屈曲し、引き続いて端部側が下方斜め外向きになるように屈曲した係止部を有していることから、吊子に簡便に装着し得る。化粧カバーの取外し時には、縦方向の一端において一側又は両側の係止部を押し広げて係合受部から離脱させ、その後離脱した一端から順次持上げることにより他の部位の係止部を係合受部から離脱させ得ることから、化粧カバー自身、吊子及び隣接の外装板等を損傷させることがなく、円滑に取外し得る。その結果、損傷した外装板の交換時には、化粧カバー又は吊子をも取外すが、化粧カバー、吊子を隣接する交換不要の外装板に影響を与えることなく取付け、取外し得ることから、損傷した外装板のみを簡便に交換することができ、外装板の部分補修が可能になった。以上の他、次の効果をも奏し得る。
【００２７】
外装板が台座に直接取付けられていることから、気温変化時に台座との熱伸縮差による熱変形を生じるが、従来のように吊子及び化粧カバーとの熱伸縮差の影響を受けないため、外装板の熱変形は支障の無い程度に抑制される。特に、取付部の一端からＬ字状に立ち上がる下向きＵ字状の保持部を備えた取付金具で外装板を取付けた場合には、外装板が台座に対して縦方向において強く拘束されず僅かに移動可能であるため、外装板と台座の熱伸縮差を吸収し、外装板の縦方向の熱変形を抑制し得る。また、幅方向においては、縦方向におけるよりもはるかに熱伸縮差が小さく、しかも僅かに移動可能であるとともに、外装板の縦方向において間隔を空けて固定されていることから、外装板のＬ字状の側縁部が多少弾性変形することと併せて、前記熱伸縮差を吸収し、外装板の幅方向の熱変形を抑制し得る。
【００２８】
前記取付金具を外装板上から取付ける場合には、外装板の浮上りをより確実に抑制し得る。そして、外装板と台座及び取付金具の取付部の間に滑動補助シートを設けた場合には、気温変化による熱伸縮差により外装板が縦方向及び幅方向において台座及び取付金具に対して相対的に移動し易く、各方向における外装板の熱変形を抑制し得る。
【００２９】
断熱層が躯体に接着されたスタイロックアンカーに発泡樹脂ボードからなる断熱材を突き刺して形成されている場合には、気温変化による断熱材と躯体の熱伸縮差がスタイロックアンカーで吸収されるため、断熱材の断裂が抑制され、断熱層の機能が長期間維持される。また、建築物を解体する際には断熱材を躯体から簡単に取外し得るため、躯体の解体前に断熱材と躯体を予め分別できる。その結果、外装板、化粧カバー、吊子及び台座が容易に分解可能であることと併せ、解体による廃材の分別収集を簡便に行うことができ、環境対策に貢献し得る。
【００３０】
台座の上面が断熱層の外面と同一高さになるように躯体に固定されている場合には、外装板を断熱層に接近して取付けることができ、断熱層が外装板の支持部材として働くことから、強風時における外装板の変形を抑制し得る。台座が外装板の取付部位に沿って縦方向に延びる溝状の雨水樋を有している場合には、側縁部が平坦な、すなわち縁無しの外装板を使用する場合であっても外装板と台座間の間隙からの雨水の侵入を抑制し得る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１実施の形態の概念的な説明図で、図３のＡ−Ａ線に沿う拡大断面図である。
【図２】同じく、全体を示す側面図である。
【図３】同じく、外装板の取付構造を示す一部を破断した斜視図である。
【図４】同じく、外装板の取付構造を示す分解斜視図である。
【図５】同じく、外装板の取付金具による取付構造を示す平面図である。
【図６】同じく、図５のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う断面図である。
【図７】同じく、断熱材の取付構造の説明図である。
【図８】同じく、Ｌ字状の側縁部を有する外装板の形状の概念的な縦断面図である。
【図９】本発明の第２実施の形態の概念的な説明図で、図１に対応した断面図である。
【図１０】同じく、平坦な側縁部を有する外装板の形状の概念的な縦断面図である。
【図１１】本発明の第３実施の形態の概念的な説明図で、図１に対応した断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１建築物２躯体３外装４外装板５外装板の側縁部
６取付穴７取付金具８止めネジ１０取付金具の取付部
１１取付金具の保持部１２滑動補助シート
１３台座（吊子台座）１７吊子（瓦棒通し吊子）
１８吊子の本体１９吊子の係合受部
２０化粧カバー（瓦棒化粧カバー）
２１化粧カバーの基板部２２化粧カバーの係止部
２３断熱層２４断熱材２５防水シート
２６スタイロックアンカー２７刺し爪２８逆爪２９基板
３０雨水樋３１座金[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an exterior structure of a building, and more specifically, covers an outer surface of a building including a sludge digestion tank, a feed storage tank, other storage tanks, a gymnasium, and the like with a plurality of vertically long exterior plates. It relates to the exterior structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In buildings, exteriors are generally applied to protect the housing and ensure aesthetics. For example, for buildings such as digestion tanks for sludge treatment, feed storage tanks, other storage tanks, gymnasiums, etc., where the casing is made of concrete and the outer surface is formed into a spherical shape such as a cylinder, sphere, or egg. In order to protect the aesthetics and prevent the influence of the outside air temperature, the outer surface of the housing is covered with a heat insulating material to form a heat insulating layer, and the outer surface of the housing is vertically elongated and divided into a plurality of shapes. There has been proposed an exterior structure in which a plurality of exterior plates made of a corresponding thin metal plate such as a steel plate are attached so as to cover a heat insulating layer.
[0003]
In this exterior structure, a hanging pedestal (hereinafter referred to as a pedestal) is attached corresponding to the profile of the shape of the exterior of the building that is elongated in the vertical direction, and the U-shaped side edges engage downward on both sides. An upside-down, U-shaped tile-bar hanging suspension (hereinafter referred to as a suspension) is attached to the base, and the L-shaped side edge of the exterior plate is locked to the side edge engaging portion of the suspension. After mounting, a downward U-shaped roof stick decorative cover (hereinafter referred to as a decorative cover) having an upward U-shaped side edge engaging portion on both sides inward is covered with a hanging member, and the side cover of the decorative cover is attached. There is one in which the side edge portion of the exterior plate is clamped and fixed by fitting the joint portion into the side edge engaging portion of the suspension (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-1-102162 (page 2-3, FIG. 2-4)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional exterior structure, after the L-shaped side edge portion of the exterior plate is fitted into the downward U-shaped side edge engaging portion of the hanging member, the upward U-shaped side edge engagement of the decorative cover is further performed. Since the side edge portion of the exterior plate is clamped and fixed by fitting the portion, there is the following problem. Since the side edge of the exterior plate is sealed with the hanging element and the decorative cover over the entire length, there is a large difference in the internal and external air pressure of the exterior plate during strong winds, and the exterior plate is deformed by the wind pressure, and the side edge There is a risk that the parts will be displaced and the mounting may be removed. Due to the thermal expansion / contraction difference between the exterior plate and the hanging member, the decorative cover, and the pedestal accompanying the temperature change, the exterior plate may be deformed, and the side edge portion thereof may be displaced and the attachment may be detached. When replacing an exterior plate damaged by deformation, detachment, etc., first remove the decorative cover, but the upward U-shaped side edge engaging part of the decorative cover becomes the downward U-shaped side edge engaging part of the hanging part. Since it is fitted and locked, it is difficult to remove the decorative cover, and there is a risk of deforming the decorative cover and the side edge engaging portion of the hanging member. Furthermore, since the fixing of the side edge portions of the adjacent exterior plates is simultaneously released, there is a risk of damaging the side edge portions of the adjacent exterior plates. As a result, not only the required exterior plate is replaced, but also the adjacent exterior plate, decorative cover, and hanging member must be replaced, and so-called partial repair is difficult.
[0006]
In the conventional exterior structure, a heat insulating layer is provided on the outer surface of the housing. The heat insulating layer is formed by a known method, for example, spraying a heat insulating material made of foamed resin, or an adhesive for the heat insulating material made of a foamed resin board. It is done by mounting by. Therefore, the entire surface of the heat insulating material is integrally attached to the housing. However, the linear expansion coefficients of the heat insulating material and the housing are greatly different, and a large thermal expansion / contraction difference occurs due to a change in temperature.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its problem is to suppress the deformation and detachment of the exterior plate due to wind pressure or temperature change, and to make a partial repair simple. It is to provide an exterior structure. Moreover, it is providing the exterior structure of the building which can suppress the tearing of the heat insulating material by a temperature change, and can ensure the durability of a heat insulation layer.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, in the present invention, the exterior plate is directly attached to the pedestal so as not to be affected by the thermal deformation of the hanger and the decorative cover. Attaching the side edge of the exterior plate or the part along the side edge with a fixing member that can be attached and detached at a vertical interval reduces the internal and external air pressure difference of the exterior plate during strong winds, and causes deformation, separation, etc. due to wind pressure. Can be suppressed. The hanger has an engagement receiving portion that protrudes outward on both sides and is bent so that the end side is inward, and the decorative cover is inclined downward at a portion corresponding to the bent portion of the engagement receiving portion of the hanger. Bending inward, and subsequently bending so that the end side is obliquely outward downward, and having a locking portion that elastically engages with the engagement receiving portion of the hanging member, makes it easy to attach and detach the decorative cover You can get into it.
[0009]
That is, the present invention is arranged corresponding to the contour of the shape of the outer surface of the housing elongated in the longitudinal direction and divided into a plurality, and is arranged so as to cover between the pedestal detachably fixed to the housing and the adjacent pedestal, A side edge or a part along the side edge is attached to the pedestal with a fixing member that is detachable in the vertical direction and is provided on the pedestal, projecting outward on both sides, and the end side facing inward And a hook having an engagement receiving portion bent so that the tip end on the end side is detachably mounted so as to be outside the mounting portion of the exterior plate of the pedestal. Elasticity having a locking part that bends diagonally downward and inward at a part corresponding to the part, then bends so that the end side is obliquely outward and downward, and elastically engages with the engagement receiving part of the hanging part It is characterized by comprising a decorative cover made of a plate material.
[0010]
The exterior plate may have a side edge bent in an upward L shape. In this case, the fixing member includes a mounting bracket having a downward U-shaped holding portion that rises in an L shape from one end of the mounting portion, and a set screw for fixing the mounting bracket. It is preferable to attach the outer plate so that the side edges of the outer plate are clamped and the mounting portion is fixed to the pedestal with a set screw. While attaching the attachment part of the attachment fitting to the pedestal from the exterior plate, the attachment part of the attachment fitting may be directly attached to the pedestal in the adjacent part. When attaching the mounting part of the mounting bracket to the pedestal from the exterior plate with a set screw, a mounting hole larger in diameter than the set screw is formed along the side edge of the exterior plate, and the exterior plate, the base and the mounting bracket are attached. It is preferable to provide a sliding assist sheet made of a low friction film so as to cover the mounting hole of the exterior plate between the portions.
[0011]
Moreover, in this invention, the heat insulation layer may be provided between the outer surface of a housing and an exterior board. At that time, the heat insulating layer is bonded to a stylock anchor having a stab claw formed with a reverse nail, and the stylock anchor is pierced and attached with a heat insulating material made of foamed resin board, and a gap between adjacent heat insulating materials is attached. It is preferable that it is formed by covering with a moisture-proof tape. The pedestal may be attached to the housing so that the upper surface of the pedestal is the same height as the outer surface of the heat insulating layer. When the pedestal is made of a grooved material, a heat insulating material may be mounted in the groove. Further, the pedestal may be formed with a groove-like rainwater tank extending in the longitudinal direction along the attachment portion of the exterior plate.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 8 are conceptual illustrations of the first embodiment. 1-8, 1 is a digester tank for sludge treatment which is a building, and 2 is a housing. The casing 2 is made of concrete, and the overall shape thereof is formed in a substantially oval spherical shape as shown in FIG. 3 is an exterior, and a heat insulating layer 23 to be described later is provided on the outer surface of the housing 2. The heat insulating layer 23 is covered with a plurality of exterior plates 4 to protect the housing 2, ensure aesthetics, and keep warm. ing.
[0013]
The exterior plate 4 is attached with the upper end and the lower end in the vertical direction being tensioned in the vertical direction by a known method, and the side edges 5 are attached to a pedestal 13 to be described later with a fixing member including a mounting bracket 7 and a set screw 8. It has been. The exterior plate 4 is made of a thin metal plate such as a steel plate, and as shown in FIG. 2, is formed corresponding to a shape in which the outer surface of the housing 2 is elongated in the vertical direction and divided into a plurality of sections, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, and 4. As shown in FIG. 8, the side edge 5 is bent in an upward L-shape, and extends from the upper end to the lower end in the vertical direction, that is, in the width direction over the entire length. The bent portions 4b are alternately formed. In these bent portions 4a and 4b, a short-sized bent portion 4a and a long-sized bent portion 4b are paired, and a wave pattern or a tile pattern is displayed in a simulated manner. Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a plurality of mounting holes 6 having a diameter larger than that of the set screw 8 are formed at intervals along the side edge portion 5 in the vertical direction. In addition, the exterior board 4 may be a flat thing without the side edge part 5 without a bend, ie, an edge, and a flat plate without each bending part 4a, 4b.
[0014]
The mounting bracket 7 is made of a metal plate having a flat mounting portion 10 having a set screw insertion hole 9 and a downward U-shaped holding portion 11 rising in an L shape from one end of the mounting portion 10. The side edge portion 5 of the plate is mounted so as to be sandwiched, and the mounting portion 10 is fixed to the base 13 with a set screw 8. That is, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the fixing of the side edge 5 of the exterior plate by the mounting bracket 7 is performed on both the front and back surfaces of the mounting plate 6 in the exterior plate, that is, the side of the base 13 and the mounting bracket. A sliding auxiliary sheet 12 made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tape, which is a low-friction film, is attached to the side 7, the holding part 11 of the mounting bracket is mounted so as to sandwich the side edge 5 of the exterior plate, and the mounting part 10 is mounted. It is carried out by placing on the sliding assist sheet 12 and attaching with the set screw 8. At one of these intermediate points, as shown by the solid line with respect to the right exterior plate 4 in FIG. 1, and attached by the dotted line in FIG. ing. That is, the mounting portion 10 is mounted alternately on the exterior plate 4 and the pedestal 13. In addition, you may attach together and may attach by only one of the above-mentioned. As shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, the mounting bracket 7 attached from the top of the exterior plate 4 corresponds to the thickness of the exterior plate 4 and the sliding assist sheet 12 than the one directly placed on the pedestal 13. Is preferably set low, and the restraining states of the exterior plate 4 in the lifting direction, the longitudinal direction, and the width direction can be set to be almost the same as those directly mounted on the base 13. The sliding assist sheet 12 only needs to be made of a thin film-like material having a small friction coefficient. When the mounting bracket 7 is mounted on the exterior plate 4, the sliding assist sheet 12 moves relative to the mounting bracket 7 and the base 13. While allowing slightly, waterproofing of the attachment part of the attachment metal fitting 7 can be performed. The sliding assist sheet 12 is not fixed to any of the pedestal 13, the exterior plate 4, and the mounting bracket 7, but the front side of the exterior plate 4 may be fixed in advance to the back surface of the mounting portion 10 with an adhesive. Good.
[0015]
The pedestal 13 is a downward U-shaped mold made of a metal plate, and both sides of the upper surface serve as attachment portions of the exterior plate 4. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, bolt insertion holes H <b> 1 are provided at intervals in the vertical direction at the center in the width direction, and these bolt insertion holes H <b> 1 penetrate the heat insulating layer 23 in advance and are driven into the housing 2. The plurality of anchor bolts 14 are inserted, the height is adjusted by the lower nut 15 so that the lower surface is close to or in contact with the outer surface of the heat insulating layer 23, and the upper nut 16 is tightened and fixed. The anchor bolts 14 are arranged at intervals along an outline of a shape in which the outer surface of the housing 2 is elongated in the vertical direction and divided into a plurality of portions, and the pedestal 13 divides the outer surface of the housing 2 into a plurality of elongated portions in the vertical direction. It will be arranged corresponding to the contour of the shape. The shape of the pedestal 13 may be another shape such as a flat plate as long as rigidity is ensured.
[0016]
Reference numeral 17 denotes a hanging member made of a metal plate, as shown in FIG. 1, bent symmetrically from the upper ends of both sides of the upward U-shaped main body 18 downward and diagonally outward, and bent so that the end side is inclined downward and inward. A bolt insertion hole H2 formed at the center in the width direction of the main body 18 is inserted into the anchor bolt 14, overlapped with the base 13, and fixed with the upper nut 16. The engagement receiving portion 19 is set to a dimension corresponding to about half of the width of the pedestal 13 and covers the side edge 5 of the exterior plate attached to the pedestal 13, in other words, the upper part of the attachment portion of the exterior plate 4. However, it may be inside from above the side edge portion 5 of the exterior plate. Note that the attachment position of the engagement receiving portion 19 may be formed so as to protrude from below the upper end of the main body 18. The upper surface of the engagement receiving portion 19 is preferably downward and obliquely outward, but may have another shape such as a horizontal plane. The main body 18 may have another shape.
[0017]
Reference numeral 20 denotes a decorative cover made of a thin metal plate, which is bent downward and inwardly at a portion corresponding to a bent portion of each engagement receiving portion 19 of the hanging member from both sides of the substrate portion 21 which is wider and flat than the main body 18 of the hanging member. Then, the engaging portion 22 is bent so that the end portion side is inclined downward and outward, and each engaging portion 22 is elastically engaged with each engagement receiving portion 19 of the suspension, and the end portion side is The hanger 17 is mounted so as to cover the side edge 5 of the exterior plate. The size of the decorative cover 20 is such that the inner surface of the substrate portion 21 is in contact with the upper end of the main body 18 of the hanging member, the distal end of the locking portion 22 is outside the side edge portion 5 of the exterior plate, and It is set to be close enough to contact the surface. The angle of the locking portion 22 is set to be somewhat larger than the angle of the engagement receiving portion 19 of the suspension, but it should be adapted to engage with at least the bent portion of each engagement reception portion 19 of the suspension. That's fine. The front end of the locking portion 22 is bent to have a circular cross section, but it only needs to be in smooth contact with the surface of the exterior plate 4 when the decorative cover 20 is mounted. You may coat | cover with low friction materials, such as resin. The inner surface of the substrate portion 21 may be separated from the upper end of the main body 18 of the hanging member. The cross-sectional shape of the substrate part 21 may be a concave or convex flat or curved shape, and may be narrower than the main body 18 of the hanging part.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 7, the heat insulation layer 23 has a plurality of piercing claws 27 each having four nail claws 28 on which reverse nails 28 are formed after a primer (not shown) that is a waterproof material is applied to the outer surface of the housing 2. The stylock anchors 26 are bonded to the housing 2, the heat insulating material 24 made of foamed resin board is inserted into the stylock anchors 26, and the gap between the adjacent heat insulating materials 24 is covered with a moisture-proof tape (not shown). It is formed by. The foamed resin board is a rigid polyurethane foam board covered with an aluminum foil polyester laminated film as the waterproof sheet 25. Since the heat insulating layer 23 is attached to the housing 2 by stylock anchors 26 each having a plurality of heat insulating materials 24 attached to a plurality of locations, the thermal expansion / contraction difference between the heat insulating material 24 and the housing 2 due to temperature change is stylock. Since it is absorbed by the anchor 26 and the tearing of the heat insulating material 24 is suppressed, the heat retaining function is maintained for a long time. The heat insulating material 24 may be made of another foamed resin, or may be coated with a heat insulating material made of foamed resin by spraying, or the entire surface of the foamed resin board may be attached to the housing 2 with an adhesive. . The stylock anchor 26 has piercing claws 27 erected at four positions on the outer periphery of the circular substrate 29, but one stylock anchor 26 may be erected at the center of the substrate 29.
[0019]
The exterior 3 of the present embodiment is configured as described above, and its action and the like will be described next together with construction work and repair work. The construction work of the exterior 3 is as follows. First, the heat insulating material 24 is attached to the outer surface of the housing 2 with a plurality of stylock anchors 26 to form a heat insulating layer 23, and the anchor bolt 14 is divided into a plurality of elongated outer surfaces in the longitudinal direction. Strike along the contour of the shape. The bolt insertion hole H1 of the base 13 is inserted into the anchor bolt 14, the height is adjusted by the lower nut 15 so that the lower surface of the base 13 contacts the outer surface of the heat insulating layer 23, and the upper nut 16 is tightened and temporarily fixed. Next, the exterior plate 4 is arranged so as to cover between a pair of adjacent pedestals 13, one of the upper end side or the lower end side in the vertical direction of the exterior plate 4 is fixed to the housing 2 by a known method, and the other end is pulled. It fixes to the housing 2 and attaches the exterior board 4 by making it tension | tensile in the vertical direction. And each side edge part 5 of an exterior board is attached to the upper surface of each corresponding base 13 with the attachment metal fitting 7, respectively. As described above, the mounting by the mounting bracket 7 is performed by attaching the rectangular sliding assist sheets 12 to both the front and back surfaces of the mounting hole 6 of the exterior plate, and attaching the holding portion 11 of the mounting bracket to the side edge 5 of the exterior plate. The mounting part 10 of the mounting bracket is placed on the sliding assisting sheet 12 on the front side, and the mounting part 10 is fastened and fixed by a set screw 8. And the holding | maintenance part 11 of an attachment metal fitting is engaged with the side edge part 5 of an exterior board in the intermediate part of the attachment hole 6 which the exterior board 4 adjoins, and the attachment part 10 is directly fixed to the base 13 with the set screw 8. FIG. In addition, the process of attaching the exterior plate 4 in the vertical direction and the process of attaching with the mounting bracket 7 may be reversed, and in this case, the mounting with the mounting bracket 7 is lightly tightened with the set screw 8 and tensioned in the vertical direction. A predetermined tightening is performed later.
[0020]
Similarly, after attaching the adjacent exterior plate 4, the upper nut 16 of the anchor bolt 14 is removed, the bolt insertion hole H <b> 2 of the hanger 17 is inserted, the upper nut 16 is tightened, and the hanger 17 is overlapped with the base 13. And install. Thereby, the side edge part 5 of an exterior board will be covered with the engagement receiving part 19 of a hanger with the side edge part 5 of the adjacent exterior board. Next, the decorative cover 20 is put on the hanger 17, the upper end side or the lower end side in the vertical direction is pressed, and the engaging portion 22 of the decorative cover at the pressed portion is engaged with the engagement receiving portion 19 of the hanger and pressed. The part is sequentially moved to the other end side in the vertical direction, and the locking part 22 is engaged with the engagement receiving part 19 in all parts. At that time, by pressing the decorative cover 20, the downward oblique outward surface on the end side of the locking portion 22 is slid and pushed while abutting near the bent portion of the engagement receiving portion 19. Next, after the outward bending portion of the locking portion 22 passes through the bending portion of the engagement receiving portion 19, the downward oblique inward surface of the locking portion 22 is pressed against the bending portion of the engagement receiving portion 19. When the inwardly bent portion of the locking portion 22 is aligned with the bent portion of the engagement receiving portion 19, the locking portion 22 is closed by its own elastic force, and the engagement receiving portion 19 is inclined downward inward. Contact the surface. At substantially the same time, the substrate portion 21 abuts on the upper end of the main body 18 of the suspension. As a result, the decorative cover 20 is elastically mounted so as to cover the hanger 17, and, as shown in FIG. The portion 19 is elastically clamped and is mounted so that there is no rattling. The front end of the engaging portion 22 on the end portion side is mounted close enough to contact the surface of the exterior plate 4 outside the side edge portion 5 of the exterior plate. As described above, as shown in FIG. 2, the exterior 3 of the sludge treatment digester tank, which is the building 1, has an elongated exterior plate 4 and a decorative cover 20 arranged alternately in the vertical direction, and eggs corresponding to the shape of the housing 2. Formed into a shape. And since the short dimension bending part 4a and the long dimension bending part 4b are formed from the upper end to the lower end in the vertical direction of the exterior board 4, the exterior board 4 represents a tile pattern, The decorative cover 20 represents a rod and has a so-called rod rod structure.
[0021]
As for the repair work, for example, when replacing one damaged exterior plate 4, each decorative cover 20 covering both side edges 5 of the exterior plate is removed, the upper nut 16 is removed, the hanger 17 is removed, and the mounting bracket 7 is removed. Release the fixation and the tension fixation in the vertical direction, and remove the exterior plate 5. At that time, the decorative cover 20 is removed by first lifting and lifting the end side of the engaging portion 22 at the upper or lower end in the vertical direction from the engagement receiving portion 19 of the suspension. By pushing and widening the end portion side of the locking portion 22, the downwardly inclined inward surface is separated from the downwardly inclined inward surface of the engagement receiving portion 19, and when lifted, it comes into contact with the bent portion of the engagement receiving portion 19. Then, the downwardly inclined outward bent portion of the locking portion 22 comes into contact with the bent portion of the engagement receiving portion 19, and the locking portion 22 on one end side is detached from the engagement receiving portion 19. Next, the part to be lifted is moved to the other end side in the vertical direction. However, the part to be lifted is already in a state where the downwardly inclined outwardly bent part of the locking part 22 is in contact with the bent part of the engagement receiving part 19. As a result, the locking portion 22 is easily detached from the engagement receiving portion 19. Thereafter, by similarly raising, the locking portion 22 is detached from the engagement receiving portion 19 over the entire length of the decorative cover 20. As described above, since the disengaging operation of the locking portion 22 can be easily performed with a small force, it can be performed without damaging the decorative cover 20 itself, the hanger 17 and the adjacent exterior plate 4. And after removing the predetermined exterior board 4, according to construction work, the new exterior board 4 is attached to the base 13, and the hanger 17 and the decorative cover 20 are attached in order, and repair is complete | finished.
[0022]
According to the present embodiment, the exterior plate 4 is attached to the pedestal 13 at a plurality of positions spaced apart in the vertical direction and has the bent portions 4a and 4b in the width direction. Since a gap is provided between the edge portion 5 and the pedestal 13 and the inside and outside of the exterior plate 4 communicate with each other, the difference between the internal and external air pressures of the exterior plate 4 during a strong wind is small, and deformation of the exterior plate 4 due to wind pressure is suppressed. Further, since the thermal expansion / contraction difference between the exterior plate 4 and the pedestal 13 in the vertical direction due to the temperature change is also absorbed by the bent portions 4a and 4b of the exterior plate, thermal deformation of the exterior plate 4 is suppressed to an extent that does not hinder. . Since the front end of the latching portion 22 of the decorative cover is close to the surface of the exterior plate 4, it is possible to suppress intrusion of scattered rainwater into the decorative cover 20. And since the side edge part 5 of the exterior board is formed in L shape, the invasion of rain water from the clearance gap between the exterior board 4 and the base 13 can be prevented.
[0023]
In the present embodiment, when the dimension of the engagement receiving portion 19 of the hanging member is set on the inner side of the attachment portion of the exterior plate 4, the exterior plate 4 is mounted with the suspension 17 attached to the base 13. Therefore, construction work and repair work can be done easily and quickly. That is, at the time of construction work, the exterior plate 4 can be attached after the base 13 is attached to the anchor bolt 14, the hanger 17 is overlapped and attached, and the upper nut 16 is fastened and fixed. Can be omitted. Moreover, at the time of repair work, it is possible to remove the damaged exterior plate 4 simply by removing the decorative cover 20 and to attach a new exterior plate 4, so that the removal / attachment of the hanger 17 can be omitted.
[0024]
9 and 10 are conceptual illustrations of the second embodiment. 9 and 10, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 8 mean the same functional members. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment with respect to the four points of the shape of the pedestal 13, the shape of the exterior plate 4, the mounting structure of the exterior plate 4, and the shape of the engagement receiving portion 19 of the suspension. These differences will be mainly described below. The shape of the pedestal 13 is generally U-shaped downward, and an upward U-shaped rainwater trough 30 is formed along the attachment portion of the exterior plate 4 on both sides of the upper surface, beyond the attachment portion of the exterior plate 4. Inflowing rainwater is discharged. The shape of the exterior plate 4 is formed corresponding to a shape in which the outer surface of the housing 2 is elongated in the vertical direction and is divided into a plurality of lengths, and extends from the upper end to the lower end in the vertical direction, that is, as shown in FIG. The short-sized bent portions 4a and the long-sized bent portions 4b that are bent in the direction are alternately formed, but the side edge portion 5 is bent in an upward L-shape as in the first embodiment. It is flat without any edges. The exterior plate 4 is fixed to the base 13 with a fixing member composed of a set screw 8 and a washer 31 with a space in the vertical direction along the side edge. A mounting hole having a diameter larger than that of the set screw 8 may be formed on the side edge portion of the exterior plate 4, and a sliding auxiliary sheet may be mounted on both the front and back surfaces, and further heat deformation of the exterior plate 4 when the temperature changes. Can be suppressed. The shape of the hanging engagement receiving portion 19 is bent so that the end side is substantially horizontal and inward. As a result, when the decorative cover 20 is mounted, the downwardly inwardly bent portion of the locking portion 22 and its vicinity are elastically engaged with the bent portion of the engagement receiving portion 19 and are attached to the hanging member 17. The In addition, since the vertical distance between the engagement receiving portion 19 of the hanging element and the upper surface of the pedestal 13 is set large, the attachment / detachment work of the exterior plate 4 can be performed with the hanging element 17 attached to the pedestal 13. Therefore, the construction work and the repair work for the exterior 3 can be performed easily and quickly.
[0025]
FIG. 11 is a conceptual explanatory diagram of the third embodiment. In FIG. 11, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 8 denote the same functional members. The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment with respect to the four points of the shape and structure of the base 13 and the hanger 17, the shape of the exterior plate 4, the mounting structure of the exterior plate 4, and the shape of the decorative cover 20. These differences will be mainly described below. The base 13 and the hanger 17 are integrally formed by bending a metal plate. The pedestal 13 is formed in a flat upward C-shape, and the hanger 17 is erected on each upper end of the pedestal 13 and has a pair of left and right engagement receiving portions 19 as shown in FIG. As in the second embodiment, the engagement receiving portion 19 is bent so that the end side is horizontally inward, so that the mounting / removing work of the exterior plate 4 can be easily performed. In addition, the engagement receiving part 19 should just be set to such an extent that the vertical space | interval with the upper surface of the base 13 is ensured so that the space which can operate the set screw 8 etc. which fix the exterior board 4 is ensured. You may set to the dimension which becomes inside from the attachment site | part of the exterior board 4 in both upper surfaces. As in the second embodiment, the shape and attachment of the exterior plate 4 are fixed to the pedestal 13 with a fixing member composed of a set screw 8 and a washer 31 without an edge. The shape of the decorative cover 20 is such that the substrate portion 21 has a convex curved surface shape and is formed so as to be separated from the upper end of the main body 18 of the hanging member. The bent portion and the vicinity thereof are elastically engaged with the bent portion of the engagement receiving portion 19 and are attached to the hanger 17. In the third embodiment, the borderless exterior plate 4 is employed, but the exterior plate 4 having the L-shaped side edge portion 5 may be used as in the first embodiment. According to the third embodiment, since the pedestal 13 and the hanging member 17 are integrally formed, the number of parts is reduced and the workability is excellent accordingly.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the side edge portion of the exterior plate or the portion along the side edge portion is fixed to the pedestal by the fixing members that can be attached and detached at a plurality of positions spaced in the vertical direction, the exterior plate in a strong wind. Therefore, the deformation and detachment of the exterior plate due to the wind pressure are suppressed. Since the decorative cover has an engaging portion bent inward at a portion corresponding to the bent portion of the engagement receiving portion of the hanging member and subsequently bent so that the end side is obliquely outward downward, It can be easily attached to the hanging element. When removing the decorative cover, the locking part on one side or both sides is spread at one end in the vertical direction to disengage it from the engagement receiving part, and then the lifting part is sequentially lifted to engage the locking part at the other part. Since it can be made to detach | leave from a joint part, it can remove smoothly, without damaging a decorative cover itself, a hanging part, an adjacent exterior board, etc. As a result, when replacing the damaged exterior plate, the decorative cover or the hanging member is also removed, but the decorative cover and the hanging member can be attached and removed without affecting the adjacent replacement unnecessary exterior plate. Only the plate can be easily replaced, and partial repair of the exterior plate is possible. In addition to the above, the following effects can also be achieved.
[0027]
Because the exterior plate is directly attached to the pedestal, it causes thermal deformation due to the thermal expansion and contraction difference with the pedestal when the temperature changes, but it is not affected by the thermal expansion and contraction difference between the hanger and the decorative cover as in the past, Thermal deformation of the exterior plate is suppressed to the extent that there is no hindrance. In particular, when the exterior plate is attached with a mounting bracket having a downward U-shaped holding portion that rises in an L shape from one end of the attachment portion, the exterior plate is not strongly restrained in the vertical direction with respect to the base. Since it can move, the thermal expansion-contraction difference of an exterior board and a base can be absorbed and the thermal deformation of the vertical direction of an exterior board can be suppressed. Further, in the width direction, the thermal expansion / contraction difference is much smaller than that in the vertical direction, and it is slightly movable, and is fixed with a gap in the vertical direction of the exterior plate. Along with the elastic deformation of the letter-shaped side edge part, the thermal expansion / contraction difference can be absorbed and thermal deformation in the width direction of the exterior board can be suppressed.
[0028]
When the mounting bracket is attached from the top of the exterior plate, the lifting of the exterior plate can be more reliably suppressed. When a sliding assist sheet is provided between the exterior plate and the mounting portion of the pedestal and the mounting bracket, the exterior plate is relative to the pedestal and the mounting bracket in the vertical direction and the width direction due to thermal expansion and contraction due to temperature changes. It is possible to suppress the thermal deformation of the exterior plate in each direction.
[0029]
When the heat insulation layer is formed by inserting a heat insulating material made of foamed resin board into a stylock anchor bonded to the housing, the thermal expansion / contraction difference between the heat insulating material and the housing due to temperature changes is absorbed by the stylock anchor. The tearing of the heat insulating material is suppressed, and the function of the heat insulating layer is maintained for a long time. Further, since the heat insulating material can be easily removed from the housing when the building is dismantled, the heat insulating material and the housing can be separated in advance before the dismantling of the housing. As a result, the exterior plate, the decorative cover, the hanging element, and the pedestal can be easily disassembled, and the waste materials can be easily collected separately by dismantling, which can contribute to environmental measures.
[0030]
When the pedestal is fixed to the housing so that the upper surface of the pedestal is at the same height as the outer surface of the heat insulation layer, the exterior plate can be attached close to the heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer serves as a support member for the exterior plate. For this reason, deformation of the exterior plate during a strong wind can be suppressed. If the pedestal has a groove-like rainwater trough extending in the vertical direction along the mounting part of the exterior plate, the exterior can be used even when using an exterior plate with a flat side edge, that is, without an edge. Intrusion of rainwater from the gap between the plate and the pedestal can be suppressed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the entirety in the same manner.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view, partly broken away, showing the mounting structure of the exterior plate.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the mounting structure of the exterior board, similarly.
FIG. 5 is also a plan view showing a mounting structure using a mounting bracket for an exterior plate.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIG. 7 is also an explanatory view of a heat insulating material mounting structure.
FIG. 8 is a conceptual longitudinal sectional view of the shape of an exterior plate having L-shaped side edges.
FIG. 9 is a conceptual explanatory diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention, and a sectional view corresponding to FIG.
FIG. 10 is also a conceptual longitudinal sectional view of the shape of an exterior plate having flat side edges.
FIG. 11 is a conceptual explanatory diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention, and a sectional view corresponding to FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 2 Housing 3 Exterior 4 Exterior board 5 Side edge part of exterior board
6 Mounting hole 7 Mounting bracket 8 Set screw 10 Mounting bracket mounting
11 Mounting bracket holder 12 Sliding assist seat
13 Pedestal (suspender pedestal) 17 Pendant (slab rod through)
18 Main body of the hanging element 19 Engagement receiving part of the hanging element
20 Decorative cover
21 Board part of the decorative cover 22 Locking part of the decorative cover
23 heat insulation layer 24 heat insulation material 25 waterproof sheet
26 Stylok Anchor 27 Stinging Claw 28 Reverse Claw 29 Board
30 Rainwater 31 Washer

Claims

A hanging pedestal (13), which is arranged corresponding to the contour of the outer surface of the casing (2) which is elongated and divided into a plurality of sections and is detachably attached to the casing (2), and an adjacent hanging pedestal ( 13) A hanging pedestal with fixing members (7, 8, 31) which are arranged so as to cover each other and can be attached and detached at intervals along the side edge (5) or the side edge (5) in the vertical direction. An exterior plate (4) attached to (13) and an engagement receiving portion (19) provided on the hanging base (13), protruding outward on both sides and bent so that the end side is inward. Removably attachable to the rod-and-rod hanging rod (17) so that the tip of the rod-and-rod hanging rod (17) and the end on the end side are located outside the attachment portion of the exterior plate (4) of the rod base (13). And bent downward and inward at a portion corresponding to the bent portion of each engagement receiving portion (19) of the rod rod through suspension, and then the end side is A decorative rod rod cover (20) made of an elastic plate that is bent so as to be obliquely outward and has a locking portion (22) that elastically engages with the engagement receiving portion (19) of the rod rod threader. A building exterior structure characterized by comprising:

The exterior plate (4) has a side edge portion (5) bent in an upward L-shape, and the fixing member is a downward U-shaped holding portion (11 that rises in an L shape from one end of the attachment portion (10). ) And a set screw (8) for fixing the mounting bracket so that the holding portion (11) of the mounting bracket (7) is sandwiched between the side edges (5) of the exterior plate. The exterior structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the exterior plate (4) is attached by attaching to the suspension base (13) with a set screw (8).

By attaching the mounting part (10) of the mounting bracket to the hanging pedestal (13) from the exterior plate (4), and directly mounting the mounting part (10) of the mounting bracket to the hanging pedestal (13) in the adjacent part The exterior structure of a building according to claim 2, wherein the exterior plate (4) is attached to the hanging pedestal (13).

A mounting hole (6) larger in diameter than the set screw (8) is formed along the side edge (5) of the exterior plate, and the exterior plate (4), the suspension base (13), and the mounting portion (10 ) Is provided with a sliding auxiliary sheet (12) made of a low-friction film so as to cover the mounting hole (6) of the exterior plate, and the mounting portion (10) of the mounting bracket is secured from the top of the exterior plate (4) with a set screw ( The exterior structure of a building according to claim 2, which is attached to the hanging pedestal (13) in 8).

A heat insulation layer (23) is provided between the outer surface of the housing (2) and the exterior plate (4), and the heat insulation layer (23) is a stylock anchor (27) having a piercing claw (27) formed with a reverse claw (28). 26) is bonded to the housing (2), and a heat insulating material (24) made of foamed resin board is inserted into the stylock anchor (26), and the gap between the adjacent heat insulating materials (24) is covered with moisture-proof tape. The exterior structure of the building of Claim 1 currently formed.

The exterior structure of a building according to claim 5, wherein the hanging pedestal (13) is attached to the housing (2) so that the upper surface thereof is flush with the outer surface of the heat insulating layer (23).

The exterior structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the hanging base (13) has a groove-like rainwater trough (30) extending in a longitudinal direction along a mounting portion of the exterior plate (4).