JP4060780B2 - Building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building such as a house having a small roof that covers a portion that is larger than a floor room and that protrudes from the floor room.

  The lower-floor room that protrudes from the upper-floor room is called the lower house, the roof covering the lower house is called the small roof, and the space behind the small roof is commonly called the lower house's shed space. . Heat from sunlight is trapped in the attic space, and the temperature of the attic space tends to rise.

For this reason, in order to suppress the temperature rise in the shed space of the lower shed, an entrance that communicates the shed space and the second-floor room is provided, and a ventilation fan is installed in the shed space and the ventilation fan is operated. Is known to forcibly distribute the air in the second-floor room to the cabin space (see Patent Document 1).
JP-A-9-144151 (paragraph 0010, paragraph 0035-0046, paragraph 0051-0053, FIG. 1 to FIG. 2)

  It is known that the temperature of the second floor is higher than the temperature of the first floor in a two-story house. For this reason, in the technology of Patent Document 1 in which the air that is passed through the shed space in the lower floor of the two-story house is air in the second-floor room, despite the forced ventilation of the shed space in the lower house, It is difficult to effectively lower the temperature of this space. For this reason, the temperature of the shed space in the lower shed in summer will spread to the first-floor room (the hut) and the second-floor room adjacent to the space directly below and next to this space, and the temperature of these rooms tends to rise. .

  And the forced ventilation in patent document 1 is used only for discharging | emitting hot air outside from the shed space of a lower house, and using this ventilation elsewhere, for example, reducing the humidity of a house etc. Does not teach.

  Furthermore, as described above, Patent Document 1 merely discloses a technique for discharging the hot air in the shed space of the lower house to the outside, and teaches that the air in the shed space is used. Absent.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a building that can effectively suppress the temperature of the shed space in the lower house from spreading to the surroundings and can realize a comfortable living environment.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention comprises a small roof covered with an overhanging portion of the lower floor room, wherein the jacket material covering both the upper floor room and the lower floor room protruding from the upper floor room, An inner ventilation layer having a ventilation portion and a downstairs ventilation portion, which are communicated through the attic space on the back side of the roof, communicates with the attic space and the base side underfloor space on the inner side of the jacket material. And providing a ventilation part in the attic space for opening and closing the communication between the space and the outside, covering the ceiling of the lower floor room from above, providing a first partition material, and covering the inner material of the upper floor room A second partition member that covers from the side and partitions the upper floor ventilation section and the shed space, divides the hut space by connecting these partition materials to each other, and the upper floor ventilation section Vents that communicate with the space behind the cabin It is characterized in that provided in the second partition member.

  In the present invention, the upper floor room refers to the upper room (for example, the second floor room with respect to the first floor room) among the upper and lower adjacent rooms, and the lower floor room is the upper and lower adjacent rooms. It refers to a room (for example, a first-floor room with respect to a second-floor room) arranged on the lower side. In the present invention, the jacket material refers to an exterior material such as a wall or a roof facing the outdoors, and the inner sheath material refers to an interior material facing the living room. In the present invention, the attic space refers to the space formed between the top floor living room and the highest roof covering the upper floor, and the base side underfloor space is formed between the upper and lower adjacent living rooms. It is not an underfloor space, but an underfloor space formed between the foundation of the building and the first-floor room. In the present invention, the shed space refers to a space formed on the back side of the roof, which is a part of the jacket material provided by covering the downstairs room from above, and the intermediate position in the height direction of the building And is sometimes referred to as a shed space in the lower house, which is different from the attic space. In the present invention, the first partition material naturally includes a form for completely partitioning the attic space. However, the first partition material has a size that does not substantially impair the heat shielding performance required for the partition material. Providing air holes, for example, air holes of the same size as the air vents provided in the second partition member, is not hindered.

  In the present invention, the shed space of the lower shed is provided in the middle part of the inner ventilation layer that communicates the foundation side underfloor space and the attic space. For this reason, when forcibly exhausting air from the attic space to the outside through the ventilation part in the warm season such as summer, the relatively cool air under the floor is passed through the inner ventilation layer to remove the heat and moisture from the ventilation layer. Therefore, therefore, it can be placed in an environment that suppresses the rise in the temperature of each living room, naturally with exhaust heat and moisture exhausting the cabin space.

  Moreover, since the shed space of the lower house is partitioned from each room and the underfloor space between the rooms by the first and second partition members, the first partition member and the ceiling covered by the first partition member are downstairs. The living room is divided into two, and the upper room is divided into two with the second partition material and the inner covering material. Thereby, since the radiant heat from the attic space can be attenuated doubly and reflected twice, it is possible to effectively suppress the heat of the attic space from being transmitted to the living room adjacent to this space.

  In addition, when there is no exhaust from the attic space to the outside during the cold season, such as in winter, a circulating ventilation flow is created across the attic space, the underfloor space on the foundation side, and the inner ventilation layer, so warm air in the attic space is circulated. Thus, it is possible to place each room in a warm environment while suppressing an increase in relative humidity in the base side underfloor space. In this case, when there is a hut space in the inner ventilation layer where the circulating ventilation flow rises and it is easy to receive sunlight, the temperature of the shed space is likely to rise higher than the temperatures of the upper floor ventilation section and the lower floor ventilation section. Therefore, the flow of air flowing out from the attic space to the upper floor ventilation portion through the ventilation portion inevitably smaller than the second partition material is assisted, and the air flowing into the attic space from the lower floor ventilation portion is supported. The flow is assisted. Thereby, the circulation performance of ventilation | gas_flowing by natural ventilation can be improved, without requiring forced circulation.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a frame assembly wall having an upper frame and a lower frame and an inner wall material for partitioning a living room is mounted on a side surface of the frame body provided with a ventilation portion in at least the upper frame. Since the upper floor ventilation section and the lower floor ventilation section are formed by the frame wall, in the building made by the frame wall construction method, the frame wall that can be ventilated in the wall is used as the upper ventilation section and the lower floor of the inner ventilation layer. It is preferable at the point which can be utilized as a ventilation part.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an outer ventilation layer is provided by disposing a heat insulating material between the inner ventilation layer and the inner ventilation layer, and a lower portion of the outer ventilation layer is communicated with the outside air. Since the upper part of the outer ventilation layer communicates with the outside air through the exhaust part provided on the roof covered with the attic space, the outer ventilation layer can be insulated by the heat insulating material and the outer ventilation layer side by the ventilation in the outer ventilation layer However, it is preferable in that it can exhaust heat and exhaust moisture.

  According to the present invention, the air in the foundation side underfloor space can be exhausted to the outside with exhaust heat and moisture exhausted or circulated indoors through the shed space on the back side of the roof by the ventilation of the inner ventilation layer. In addition to being able to circulate, in order to improve the air permeability of the inner ventilation layer by assisting the flow of the circulating air using the attic space when obtaining the circulating air flow, it is warm and comfortable in the winter. A real living environment. In addition, under operating conditions where the temperature of the attic space rises due to sunlight, in addition to being able to effectively suppress the rising temperature of this space by passing the air in the base side underfloor space through the attic space, the attic space The building which can suppress effectively that the temperature of a hut space spreads to the surrounding living room by the 1st, 2nd partition material which partitioned off can be provided.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-3, the two-story wooden house of the outer heat insulation and double ventilation structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the concrete foundation 2 provided in the house 1 forms a foundation side underfloor space (hereinafter abbreviated as “underfloor space”) 2 a inside thereof. The foundation 2 has one or more underfloor ventilation openings 3. An underfloor damper 4 that opens and closes the underfloor ventilation port 3 is attached to the foundation 2. The underfloor damper 4 is arbitrarily opened or closed manually or electrically.

  Reference numerals 5 and 6 denote a first floor room as a lower floor room constructed on the foundation 2. Reference numerals 7 and 8 indicate the second-floor rooms as the upper-floor rooms constructed on the first-floor rooms 5 and 6. Reference numeral 9 denotes an upper floor space below the first floor rooms 5 and 6 and the second floor rooms 7 and 8. One first-floor room 5 is formed, for example, larger than the second-floor room 7 constructed immediately above, and protrudes to the side with respect to the second-floor room 7.

  All the living rooms 5 to 8 are covered with an outer covering material that forms the outline of the house 1. The jacket material includes an exterior wall material 11, a roof 12, a small roof 13, and the like. The exterior wall material 11 is provided so as to surround the living rooms 5 to 8 on the first and second floors. The roof 12 is continuously provided on the upper side of the exterior wall material 11, and an attic space 14 is formed between the roof 12 and the two-story rooms 7 and 8 on the top floor.

  A portion of the exterior wall material 11 arranged on one side of the house 1 follows the position shift between the first-floor room 5 and the second-floor room 7, and the downstairs side wall material 11 a corresponding to the first-floor room 5, 2 It is divided into a floor wall material 11 b corresponding to the floor room 7 and the attic space 14. The small roof 13 is provided obliquely across the downstairs side wall material 11a and the upper side wall material 11b, and covers the protruding portion of the first-floor room 5 from above. Due to this arrangement, the first-floor room 5 is called a hut. In addition, all the side surfaces of the exterior wall material 11 other than the one side portion of the house 1 provided with the small roof 13 are formed vertically.

  A heat insulating material 15 for external heat insulation is disposed along the inside of the jacket material, and the outer ventilation layer 16 and the inner ventilation layers 17A and 17B are disposed with the heat insulation material 15 interposed therebetween. Each is provided. Inside the heat insulating material 15, living rooms 5 to 8, an attic space 14, and inner ventilation layers 17A and 17B are provided.

  In the upper part of the house 1, for example, a forced ventilation device 18 is provided as a ventilation unit that opens and closes communication between the attic space 14 partitioned from the outer ventilation layer 16 by the heat insulating material 15 and the outdoors. The forced ventilation device 18 is disposed on an exhaust path 18a that connects the attic space 14 and the outside, an electric ventilation fan 18b in which at least a fan is disposed in the exhaust path 18a, and preferably on the downstream side of the ventilation fan 18b. And an exhaust damper 18c for opening and closing the exhaust passage 18a. The forced ventilation device 18 that is a ventilation unit may be configured not to include the exhaust damper 18c. Further, the ventilation section may be an exhaust damper that is opened and closed manually or electrically and is naturally ventilated by opening the ventilation section, and further includes normal fittings for opening and closing openings such as a drake window and a skylight.

  The outer ventilation layer 16 is formed between the heat insulating material 15 and the jacket material along these. The lower end 16a of the outer ventilation layer 16 is always open and communicates with the outdoor atmosphere. An exhaust portion 19 that is open so as to communicate with the outdoors is provided on the upper portion of the roof 12, and the upper end portion of the outer ventilation layer 16 is communicated with the exhaust portion 19.

  Inner ventilation layer 17A, 17B is formed along these between the heat insulating material 15 and the living rooms 5-8, and connects the underfloor space 2a and the attic space 14. The inner ventilation layer 17 </ b> A formed on the side where the small roof 13 is provided is formed by a downstairs ventilation portion 21, a hut back space 31, and an upstairs ventilation portion 41 communicating with each other. The inner ventilation layer 17B other than the inner ventilation layer 17A does not include the hut back space 31, and the lower floor ventilation section 21 and the upper floor ventilation section 41 are continuously formed vertically.

  Each of the downstairs vent 21 and the upstairs vent 41 is made of a wall passage formed so as to be able to ventilate a frame wall represented by a two-by-four method or a two-by six method.

  That is, the down-frame frame wall 22 that defines the first-floor room 5 or 6 is a rectangular frame composed of a vertical frame (not shown), an upper frame 23 (see FIG. 3), and a lower frame 24 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). A plurality of vertical bars (not shown) are installed inside the frame body, an exterior panel 25 is mounted on one surface of the frame body, and, for example, a gypsum board 26 as a fireproof covering material on the other surface of the frame body. It is formed by wearing. The frame wall 22 is placed upright with the exterior panel 25 in contact with the lower inner surface of the heat insulating material 15. The gypsum board 26 of the frame wall 22 faces the first-floor room 5 or 6.

  A plurality of ventilation holes (only one is shown as representative in FIG. 3) 23 a are penetrated through the upper frame 23 of the frame wall 22 that is divided and installed in the first-floor room 5 or 6. The lower frame 24 also has a plurality of vent holes 24b (only one is shown as representative in FIGS. 1 and 2). These vent holes 23a and 24a communicate the internal space of the frame wall 22 with the outside. A passage in the wall that allows the frame wall 22 to be vertically ventilated by the vent hole 23a of the upper frame 23, the vent hole 24a of the lower frame 24, and the internal space of the frame wall 22, that is, A downstairs vent 21 is formed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vent hole 24a of the lower frame 24, which forms the entrance of the lower end of the downstairs vent portion 21, communicates with the underfloor space 2a. The upper end portion of the upper frame 23 of the frame wall 22 is located higher than the ceiling 29 of the first-floor room 5 or 6. As representatively shown in FIG. 3, the ceiling 29 is formed by covering the back surface (upper surface) of a gypsum board 29 a forming a fireproof inner covering material with a fireproof sound absorbing material 29 b such as rock wool.

  An end joist (or side joist) 27 is placed on the upper frame 23. A vent hole 27 a passes through the end joist 27 in the vertical direction, and the vent hole 27 a communicates with the vent hole 23 a of the upper frame 23 that forms the entrance of the upper end of the downstairs vent portion 21.

  The upper floor ventilation part 41 has the same configuration as the lower floor ventilation part 21. That is, the down-frame frame wall 42 that defines the second-floor room 7 or 8 is a rectangular frame composed of a vertical frame (not shown), an upper frame 43 (see FIGS. 1 and 2), and a lower frame 44 (see FIG. 3). A plurality of vertical bars (not shown) are installed inside the frame body, and an exterior panel 45 is attached to one surface of the frame body. For example, a gypsum board 46 is used as a fireproof covering material on the other surface of the frame body. It is formed by wearing. The frame wall 42 is installed with its exterior panel 45 in contact with the upper inner surface of the heat insulating material 15. The plaster board 46 of the frame wall 42 faces the second-floor room 7 or 8.

  A plurality of ventilation holes (only one is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) 43a are penetrated through the upper frame 43 of the frame wall 42 installed by dividing the second-floor room 7 or 8 in this manner. A plurality of ventilation holes 44b (only one is shown in FIG. 3) are also passed through the lower frame 44 of the wall 42. These vent holes 43a and 44a communicate the internal space of the frame wall 42 with the outside. A passage in the wall that allows the frame wall 42 to be vertically ventilated by the vent hole 43a of the upper frame 43, the vent hole 44a of the lower frame 44, and the internal space of the frame wall 42, that is, An upper floor ventilation portion 41 is formed. In the case of the present embodiment, the lower frame 44 is overlaid on a face material 33 forming a floor, which will be described later, and the air holes 44a are closed by the face material 33, so the air holes 44a of the lower frame 44 are omitted. You can also.

  A ceiling 49 of the second-floor room 7 or 8 continues in the lateral direction at the upper end of the upper frame 43 of the frame wall 42. The ceiling 49 has the same configuration as the ceiling 29 below the floor. A ventilation hole 43 a of the upper frame 43 that forms an entrance at the upper end of the upper floor ventilation section 41 communicates with the attic space 14. The vent hole 44a of the lower frame 44 that forms the entrance of the lower end of the upper vent portion 41 in the inner vent layer 17B is a vent hole 23a (see FIGS. 1 and 2) provided in the upper vent portion 41 of the inner vent layer 17B. It is communicated. Therefore, the underfloor space 2a and the attic space 14 are communicated with each other through the inner ventilation layer 17B.

  With reference to FIG. 3, the shed space 31 of the lower shed which connects the downstairs ventilation part 21 and the upstairs ventilation part 41 of the inner ventilation layer 17A will be described. The shed space 31 is a space created on the back side of the small roof 13, and in this embodiment, the inside (the living room side) of the heat insulating material portion 15 a arranged obliquely along the back side of the small roof 13. Is provided. The volume of the attic space 31 is larger than that of the attic space 31 so as to be able to store a larger amount of heat than the downstairs ventilation section 21 and the upstairs ventilation section 41 that are continuous above and below the attic space 31. The cross-sectional area of the downstairs vent portion 21 and the cross-sectional area of the upstairs vent portion 41 are considerably smaller. The cabin space 31 is partitioned by a first partition member 32, a second partition member 45a, and the heat insulating material portion 15a. It is desirable that the first and second partition members 32 and 45a have a heat insulating property. In this case, a heat insulating material can be made, or a configuration having a heat insulating layer can be adopted. .

  The first partition member 32 covers the ceiling 29 where the first-floor room 5 protrudes from the second-floor room 7, and is provided, for example, substantially parallel to the ceiling 29. The first partition member 32 is disposed at a distance from the ceiling 29. As a result, the first-floor room 5 is partitioned from the back space 31 by the first partition member 32 that functions as a double barrier against the heat of the back space 31 and the ceiling 29. The first partition member 32 is not a dedicated member but can share other members, and as a suitable example at a low cost without having a large thermal insulation performance, a horizontal surface constituting the floor of the second-floor room 7 The material 33 is formed by a portion extending so as to reach the inner surface of the heat insulating material 15. The first partition member 32 is supported from the lower side by end joists 27 and side joists (not shown). The first partition member 32 partitions the attic space 31 from the first and second floor living rooms 5 and 7 and the upper floor space 9 between the living rooms 6 and 8. The first partition member 32 of the present embodiment partitions the air so that no air can flow between the attic space 31 and the upper floor space 9.

  A vent hole 32 a that communicates with the vent hole 27 a of the end joist 27 is provided at an edge portion of the first partition member 32 that is overlapped with the joist 27. Therefore, the downstairs vent portion 21 and the cabin space 31 are communicated with each other through the vent holes 27a and 32a. The ventilation holes 23a, 27a, 32a communicating with each other restrict the flow of air between the downstairs ventilation section 21 and the cabin space 31, so that the upper frame 23 having the ventilation holes, the end joists 27, and By the first partition member 32, the downstairs ventilation portion 21 and the cabin space 31 are separated while allowing mutual communication.

  The second partition member 45a is formed in a lower part facing the back space 31 of the exterior panel 45 of the frame wall 42 as a suitable example in which other members can be shared instead of the dedicated members. The second partition member 45a covers the lower part of the gypsum board 46, which is the inner covering material of the second-floor room 7, from the side of the cabin space 31 side. The lower end of the second partition member 45 a is continuous with the first partition member 32 and partitions the shed space 31 and the upper vent portion 41. As a result, the second-floor room 7 is doubled with respect to the back space 31 by the second partition member 45a and the gypsum board 46 facing the upper floor ventilation portion 41. In other words, the second-floor room 7 is partitioned from the roof space 31 by the second partition member 45 a that functions as a double barrier against the heat of the roof space 31 and the gypsum board 46.

  The second partition member 45 a is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 35 (only one is shown) that form a ventilation portion that communicates between the attic space 31 and the upper floor ventilation portion 41. Specifically, the upper part of the second partition member 45a is made of a plate-like tree having a rectangular cross section, and the receiving member 36 that supports the small roof 13 from the back side thereof is in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface depicting FIG. A plurality of vent holes 35 are provided at predetermined intervals through the second partition member 45 a together with the receiving member 36. This configuration is preferable in that the strength reduction due to the vent hole 35 can be compensated because the receiving member 36 reinforces the second partition member 45a, that is, the exterior panel 45 in this embodiment. For example, in the case of the vent hole 35 having a hole diameter of (20 to 40) mm, the predetermined interval is preferably set to (100 to 300) mm. The ventilation hole 35 restricts the air flow between the upper floor ventilation section 41 and the hut back space 31, and therefore, the second partition material 45 a having these ventilation holes 35 is used to connect the upper floor ventilation section 41 and the hut. The back space 31 is partitioned while allowing mutual communication. Accordingly, the inner ventilation layer 17A is formed by the three ventilation areas that are separated from each other as described above, that is, the downstairs ventilation section 21, the lower shed space 31 and the upper ventilation section 41. The underfloor space 2a and the attic space 14 are communicated with each other through the inner ventilation layer 17A.

  The house 1 having the above-described configuration is used in summer when the underfloor damper 4 is opened and the exhaust damper 18c of the forced ventilation device 18 is opened and the ventilation fan 18b is operated. As a result, the outer ventilation by the outer ventilation layer 16 on the outside of the heat insulating material 15 and the inner ventilation layer 17A on the inner side of the heat insulating material 15 are performed while performing the heat insulation with the heat insulating material 15 arranged inside the jacket material. , 17B is performed inside.

  The flow of the outer ventilation is indicated by a dotted arrow in FIG. That is, outdoor air taken in from the opening at the lower end 16 a of the outer ventilation layer 16 rises up the outer ventilation layer 16 and is discharged to the outside from the exhaust part 19 of the roof 12. Exhaust heat and moisture in the wall of the house 1 are made by the outside ventilation by natural ventilation.

  Despite this outer ventilation and outer insulation, the temperatures of the attic space 14 and the attic space 31 rise considerably. For example, in the attic space 31, it rises to about 40 degrees. However, the spread of the temperature from these portions to the living rooms 5 to 8 that are highly airtight and highly thermally insulated can be suppressed by inner ventilation. The flow of the inner ventilation is indicated by a solid line in FIG.

  That is, the air sucked into the underfloor space 2a from the underfloor ventilation port 3 by the ventilation force of the forced ventilation device 18 is mixed with the air cooled in the underfloor space 2a, and then the downstairs side of the inner ventilation layers 17A and 17B. The air is sucked into the ventilation portion 21 and rises, and is sucked into the upper ventilation portion 41 from the downstairs ventilation portion 21 and then sucked into the attic space 14 and then exhausted to the outside through the forced ventilation device 18. . Thereby, since the heat and moisture collected in the attic space 14 through the inner ventilation layers 17A and 17B are released to the outside, the room 5 to 8 is placed in a cool environment as the temperature rise of the rooms 5 to 8 is suppressed. As a result, better comfort and comfort in the summer can be secured.

  In this case, in the inner ventilation layer 17A, in the ventilation from the downstairs ventilation section 21 to the upstairs ventilation section 41, the downstairs floor 31 is cooled down to the shed space 31 that communicates with the ventilation sections 21 and 41. Air flows through the side ventilation portion 21. At this time, although the ventilation holes 23a, 24a, 27a, 32a, 35, 43a, and 44a function as throttles, the roof space 31 can be reliably ventilated by the ventilation force of the forced ventilation device 18.

  Thereby, the exhaust heat from the cabin space 31 is smoothly and rapidly performed, and the temperature of the cabin space 31 can be effectively reduced. Nevertheless, the shed space 31 maintains a certain temperature, so that radiant heat acts around the shed space 31.

  However, the first-floor room 5 with respect to the attic space 31 is double-divided by the first partition member 32 and the ceiling 29 covered by the first partition material 32, and the second-floor room with respect to the attic space 31. 7 is doubled by a second partitioning member 45a and a gypsum board 46 covered by the second partitioning member 45a. By these double walls, the radiant heat from the cabin space 31 can be attenuated doubly and reflected twice. Thus, since the heat of the cabin space 31 is effectively suppressed from being transmitted to the living rooms 5 and 7 adjacent to the space 31, the living rooms 5 and 7 can be maintained in a cool environment. The first partition member 32 also partitions the upper floor space 9 between the living rooms 5 and 7 with respect to the attic space 31, so that, for example, when the operation of the forced ventilation device 18 is stopped for some reason. However, there is no fear that the heat of the cabin space 31 flows into the upper floor space 9 and the room temperature is raised.

  The house 1 is used in winter when the underfloor damper 4 is closed and the exhaust damper 18c of the forced ventilation device 18 is closed to stop the operation of the ventilation fan 18b. As a result, outside heat insulation is performed by the heat insulating material 15 arranged inside the jacket material, and the outside air ventilation by the outer ventilation layer 16 outside the heat insulating material 15 and the air circulation by natural circulation inside the heat insulating material 15. Is done. The flow of the outside ventilation is as described above, and is indicated by a dotted arrow in FIG.

  The ventilation by the natural circulation inside the heat insulating material 15 is controlled by the underfloor damper 4 under the high airtight condition, that is, the outdoor cold air flowing into the underfloor space through the underfloor vent 3 and forced ventilation. This is done without forced ventilation by the device 18. The ventilation by natural circulation is caused by the air inside the heat insulating material 15 being warmed and rising on the side receiving solar radiation, and the air inside the heat insulating material 15 being cooled and lowered on the shaded side. The warm air inside the heat insulating material 15 is not exhausted to the outside. As a result, a circulation ventilation flow for circulating warm air in the attic space 31 is created across the attic space 14, the underfloor space 2a, and the inner ventilation layers 17A and 17B, so that an increase in relative humidity in the underfloor space 2a is suppressed. However, each room 5-8 can be placed in a warm environment. For this reason, the living rooms 5-8 are placed in a warm environment, and it is possible to ensure good comfort and comfort in winter.

  A circulating ventilation flow when the inner ventilation layer 17A is exposed to solar radiation is indicated by a solid line arrow in FIG. In this case, forced ventilation is not performed and each vent hole 23a, 24a, 27a, 32a, 35, 43a, 44a acts as a throttle to suppress the circulation vent flow to some extent. Is easy to own. In addition, the upper floor ventilation section 41 and the lower floor ventilation section 21 are standing and the air in the interior is easy to rise, and the slanted shed space 31 is not effectively subjected to solar radiation. Since the upper part is a shadow of the small roof 13, the temperature of the attic space 31 in the inner ventilation layer 17 </ b> A where the circulating ventilation flow rises is more likely to rise than the temperatures of the upper floor ventilation section 41 and the lower floor ventilation section 21. .

  For this reason, the temperature of the cabin space 31 can be exerted on the living rooms 5 and 7 under the attenuation condition of the double wall, and the temperature of the living rooms 5 and 7 in winter can be increased. In this case as well, it is a matter of course that moisture is exhausted to the cabin space 31 and the like by the circulation airflow described above.

  In addition, the air hole 35 that connects the attic space 31 where the temperature is highest and the upper vent portion 41 is inevitably smaller than the second partition member 45a, and thus the attic space 31 is small. Therefore, the flow of air flowing out from the cabin space 31 to the upper vent portion 41 through the vent hole 35 is assisted by such a temperature difference. At the same time, the flow of air flowing from the downstairs vent portion 21 into the cabin space 31 through the vent holes 23a, 27a, 32a having the same small cross-sectional area as that of the vent hole 35 is also assisted. Thus, as the flow velocity of the airflow is increased in the cabin space 31, the ventilation circulation can be amplified to improve the circulation performance by natural ventilation. Therefore, it is desirable that the house 1 is provided with the inner ventilation layer 17A in which the hut space 31 is arranged in the middle in the height direction in a direction that is easily exposed to sunlight in winter.

  The same effect can be expected when the house 1 is arranged in an orientation in which the shed space 31 is in the inner ventilation layer where the circulating ventilation flow descends and it is difficult to receive sunlight. In other words, in this case, the temperature of the attic space 31 located in the shade is likely to be lower than the temperatures of the upper vent portion 41 and the lower vent portion 21, and the air in the attic space 31 is likely to fall. As a result, the flow of air flowing out from the attic space 31 to the downstairs ventilation portion 21 is assisted, and flows into the attic space 31 from the upstairs ventilation portion 41 through the ventilation holes 35 of the second partition member 45a. The flow of air is helped. For this reason, the improvement of the circulation performance by natural ventilation can be expected.

  The present invention is not limited to the one embodiment. For example, the first partition member 32 may be provided with a vent hole having a small cross-sectional area similar to that of the vent hole 35, for example, in a range that does not substantially impair the heat shielding function. Even in this case, at the time of forced ventilation accompanying the operation of the forced ventilation device 18 in summer, the air in the upper floor space 9 is sucked into the cabin space 31 through the ventilation holes of the first partition member 32. The hot air in the attic space 31 does not flow into the upper floor / underfloor space 9 through the ventilation holes of the one partition member 32. In addition, during natural ventilation circulation due to the suspension of forced ventilation device 18 in winter, a part of the hot air in the attic space 31 heated by the small roof 13 that receives solar radiation is used as the ventilation hole of the first partition member 32. It is also possible for the hot air in the attic space 31 to flow into the upper floor / underfloor space 9 to warm the living room.

  The present invention also relates to a house in which an inner ventilation layer is formed inside a jacket material without using a frame wall, a house in which an inner ventilation layer is formed inside a jacket material without using a heat insulating material, and an outer ventilation layer It is applicable also to the house etc. which formed the inner side ventilation layer in the inner side of the jacket material.

The schematic sectional drawing which shows the house which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention with the flow of ventilation | gas_flowing in a warm season. The schematic sectional drawing which shows the house of FIG. 1 with the flow of ventilation | gas_flowing in the cold season. Sectional drawing which shows the hut back space circumference of the lower shed with which the house of FIG. 1 is equipped.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Housing (Building)
2a ... Underground floor space 3 ... Underfloor ventilation port 4 ... Underfloor damper 5 ... 1st floor room 7 ... 2nd floor room 11 ... Exterior wall material (cover material)
12 ... Roof (cover material)
13 ... Small roof (cover material)
14 ... Back space 15 ... Insulating material 15a ... Insulating material part 16 ... Outer ventilation layer 17A, 17B ... Inner ventilation layer 18 ... Forced ventilation device (ventilation part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 ... Exhaust part 21 ... Downstairs side ventilation part 22 ... Frame assembly 23 ... Upper frame 23a ... Ventilation hole (ventilation part)
24 ... lower frame 24a ... vent (vent)
25 ... Exterior panel 26 ... Gypsum board (inner material)
29 ... Ceiling 29a ... Gypsum board (inner covering material)
31 ... Back space 32 ... First partition 32a ... Vent (vent)
35 ... Vent (vent)
41 ... Upper vent portion 42 ... Frame wall 43 ... Upper frame 43a ... Vent hole (vent)
44 ... lower frame 44a ... vent (vent)
45 ... Exterior panel 45a ... Second partition material 46 ... Gypsum board (inner covering material)

Claims (3)

The outer covering material covering both the upper floor room and the lower floor room protruding from the upper floor room has a small roof that covers the protruding part of the lower floor room,
An inner ventilation layer having an upper floor ventilation section and a lower floor ventilation section, which are communicated through the attic space on the back side of the roof, communicates the attic space with the foundation side underfloor space, and Provided inside, provided in the attic space a ventilation part that opens and closes communication between this space and the outside,
A second partition for covering the ceiling of the lower floor room from above and providing a first partition member, and for covering the inner cover material of the upper floor room from the side to partition the upper floor ventilation section and the shed space. Material,
The two partition members are connected to each other to partition the cabin space, and the second partition member is provided with a ventilation portion that communicates the upper floor ventilation portion and the cabin space. Building.   An upper frame and a lower frame are provided, and at least the upper frame is provided with a frame wall mounted with an inner covering material for partitioning a living room on a side surface of the frame body. The building according to claim 1, wherein a downstairs ventilation portion is formed.   A heat insulating material is disposed on the outside of the inner ventilation layer to provide an outer ventilation layer, and a lower portion of the outer ventilation layer is communicated with outside air, and an upper portion of the outer ventilation layer is connected to the attic. The building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the building is communicated with outside air through an exhaust portion provided on a roof covering the space.

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