JP4044827B2 - Concrete compaction method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for oscillating and compacting cast concrete when placing concrete.
In the present specification, “placement” refers to filling mud concrete that has not been cured and cured between the mold and the wall surface or another mold.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Originally, concrete placement, for example, concrete placement for tunnel lining, mainly for secondary lining, is a steel formwork for placing concrete, after concrete placement, It was carried out by a mobile formwork that was folded and transported forward, unfolded and installed, and the concrete was placed there.
[0003]
Concrete placement with this formwork can be done by placing concrete transport pipes from the openable inspection windows at many places on the formwork after installation at a predetermined position in the tunnel, or using a dedicated concrete placement opening. It was done by connecting a concrete transfer pipe.
[0004]
In addition, in order to improve the strength and durability of the concrete after curing and curing, a vibration tool is inserted and protruded from the same or another inspection window into the concrete immediately after placement, and the vibration of the vibration tool causes the hammer to strike. The installed concrete was compacted to remove bubbles mixed in the concrete.
[0005]
This vibration tool is mainly provided with a vibration part at the end of the power cable. For this reason, the operator directly grips the power cable, opens the inspection window to protrude, and if necessary, the inspection window. The vibration part is inserted into the placed concrete and moved in the vertical and horizontal directions (swinged), and the placed concrete is compacted by the vibration of the vibration part, and the compaction work is completed. Later, it was stored from the inspection window.
[0006]
For this reason, there has been the following problem in the compaction work of placing concrete manually by the operator.
[0007]
First, the operator grips the power cable of the vibration tool, and manually projects the vibration part of the vibration tool from each inspection window of the formwork, inserts it into the cast concrete, moves it up and down, left and right, The cast concrete was compacted by the vibration of the vibration part, and after the compaction work was completed, it was stored from the inspection window, so the vibration due to the vibration tool to the concrete was local and uneven, and compaction efficiency was not good It was.
[0008]
Secondly, it is necessary for the operator to get out of the inspection window and perform the compacting work as necessary, and there is a danger, so the work must be done carefully, and work safely and in a short time. In addition to being unable to perform the process, it was a cause of process delay.
[0009]
Thirdly, when concrete is placed near the inspection window during compaction work, the vibration tool is stored from the inspection window under work, this inspection window is closed, and moved to another inspection window. However, it is necessary to open the inspection window and project the vibration tool, and to vibrate the vicinity of the inspection window where the concrete has been placed, and vibrate the vicinity of the inspection window during compaction work from the same location. I couldn't.
[0010]
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, there have been devices (for example, see Patent Document 1) that cause the vibration tool to protrude from the inside of the mold to the outside, and devices (for example, see Patent Document 2) that move the vibration tool to the outside of the mold.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 3278355 (page 3-4, FIGS. 1-6, 9)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-82087 (page 3-5, FIG. 1-7)
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In Patent Document 1, the place where the placing concrete of the vibration tool is compacted is limited, and in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to move the vibration tool visually by the operator, and both control mechanisms move the vibration tool. Is indispensable, the number of components is large, and the cost has increased.
[0013]
An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete compacting method and apparatus capable of compacting cast concrete in a safe, easy and efficient manner in view of the above drawbacks.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for placing concrete using a formwork, in which a vibration member is attached to a traveling mechanism that is arranged on a concrete placement side of the formwork so as to be movable in the vertical and horizontal directions. After that, the concrete is placed between the formwork and the wall on which the concrete is to be placed or another formwork to vibrate the vibration member, and the vibration member is placed on the concrete placement side of the formwork via the traveling mechanism. Characterized by moving concrete up and down, left and right along and compacting concrete,
Or, the vibrating member by axially supporting the driving mechanism by pivotally supporting means vibration member is swingable mold surface direction so as to pivot about the pivotally supported means, the movement of the vibration member by the running mechanism The vibrating member is swung with respect to the formwork surface in accordance with
Alternatively, the traveling mechanism is a traveling robot provided with a crawler capable of traveling while being magnetically attached to a concrete casting side surface of a steel mold.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The concrete compaction apparatus according to the present invention is mainly mounted on a movable mold 16 for placing a concrete 14 for secondary lining in a tunnel 12, for example, a steel mold. Yes, as shown in FIGS. 1-4, it consists of the following structures.
[0016]
A traveling mechanism 18 is provided on the concrete placement side surface (outer surface) of the mold 16 so as to be movable in the vertical direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1) and the horizontal direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 1).
[0017]
In this example, the mobility of the vibration member 24 can be improved, and it is securely adsorbed to the concrete placement side of the mold 16 by the magnetic adhesion force, and there is no fear of dropping from the mold 16 so that the work can be performed extremely safely. Since it can be performed, the traveling mechanism 18 employs a robot including a crawler 20 that can travel while being magnetically attached to the concrete placing side surface of the mold 16.
[0018]
The traveling mechanism 18 is connected to a power source (not shown), a control device (not shown) via a connection cable 22 arranged along the concrete placement side of the mold 16, and along with the power supply, the vibration member ON / OFF of 24 is controlled.
[0019]
The connection cable 22 is preferably made of a material excellent in weight reduction, handleability, and wear resistance.
[0020]
A vibrating member 24 is pivotally supported on the traveling mechanism 18 so as to be swingable in the traveling direction (the mold surface direction) of the traveling mechanism 18.
[0021]
In this example, the shaft 26 is supported by the pin 26 to support the traveling mechanism 18 of the vibration member 24.
[0022]
The vibration member 24 includes a main body portion 28 and a vibration portion 30 that accommodates an electromagnetic vibrator disposed at the tip of the main body portion 28, and travels via the connection cable 22 of the travel mechanism 18. In addition to the power supply to the mechanism 18 and the control of the traveling speed, the power supply of the vibration member 24 and the ON / OFF control are performed.
[0023]
The vibration member 24 is pivotally supported by the traveling mechanism 18 so as to be swingable in the traveling direction, in accordance with the movement of the vibration member 24 by the traveling mechanism 18, the load on the vibration member 24 that moves in the placing concrete. For example, when the vibration member 24 is moved to the left side in FIG. 1, the load from the left side caused by the flow of the cast concrete is reduced by the vibration member 24 swinging to the right side. This is to improve the compaction efficiency of concrete.
[0024]
One traveling mechanism 18 on which the vibrating member 24 is pivotally supported is disposed on each side of the mold 16 (see FIG. 2).
[0025]
In the figure, 32 is a reel for feeding and winding the connection cable 22, 34 is an inspection window, 36 is a concrete placement port, 38 is a concrete transfer pipe, and 40 is a tunnel inner wall surface (hereinafter referred to as a tunnel). Reference numeral 42 denotes an already-concrete casting surface.
[0026]
A method for compacting the concrete 14 for secondary lining placed between the mold 16 and the tunnel inner wall surface 40 using this apparatus will be described in detail below.
[0027]
First, the mold 16 is moved to a predetermined position in the tunnel 12.
[0028]
Next, the wrap side of the formwork 16 is covered (polymerized, stopped) with a lap plate (not shown) and the wife side with a wife plate (not shown).
[0029]
Next, the vibration member 24 is moved to a predetermined position on the concrete placing side surface of the mold 16 by moving the traveling mechanism 18 vertically and horizontally along the concrete placing side surface of the mold 16.
[0030]
Next, the concrete 14 is placed between the mold 16 and the inner wall surface 40 of the tunnel.
[0031]
At this time, the concrete 14 is placed from each inspection window 34 or the concrete placement opening 36 of the mold 16.
[0032]
Next, the vibrating member 24 is caused to vibrate, and the placed concrete 14 is caused to vibrate uniformly by moving the vibrating member 24 in the vertical and horizontal directions along the concrete placing side surface of the mold 16 via the traveling mechanism 18. Tighten.
[0033]
At this time, since the vibration member 24 is moved up and down and left and right along the concrete placement side of the mold 16 by the traveling mechanism 18, each inspection window 34 is changed each time according to the concrete placement as in the prior art. There is no work for moving the vibrating member 24 by opening and closing.
[0034]
Further, since the vibration member 24 is pivotally supported by the traveling mechanism 18 so as to be swingable in the traveling direction, the vibration member 24 corresponds to the movement of the vibration mechanism 24 by the traveling mechanism 18. By swinging in the direction, the load on the vibration member 24 moving in the cast concrete is reduced, and the mobility of the vibration member 24 is improved.
[0035]
Further, by intermittently vibrating the vibration part 30 of the vibration member 24, the cast concrete 14 is not continuously vibrated for a long time, the concrete is not separated into moisture and concrete, and the strength of the cast concrete is increased. , Durability can be further improved.
[0036]
Next, after the placement at a predetermined position is completed, the vibration member 24 is stopped or moved to the next location by the traveling mechanism 18 while being vibrated (see the arrow in FIG. 1).
[0037]
At this time, the compaction efficiency of the cast concrete is further improved by moving the vibration member 24 by the traveling mechanism 18 while vibrating.
[0038]
By performing the concrete placement and the vibration of the placement concrete over the entire area of the concrete placement side surface of the mold 16, the compacting operation of the placement concrete is completed.
[0039]
In this method of use, the process of compacting the cast concrete between the mold 16 and the inner wall surface 40 of the tunnel has been described, but the clamping concrete is clamped between the mold 16 and another mold. Hardening is performed in the same manner as in this method of use.
[0040]
As described above, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, the vibrating member 24 is moved by the traveling mechanism 18 movable up and down and left and right on the concrete placement side surface of the mold 16, so that the mold 16 and the tunnel inner wall surface 40 are moved. Alternatively, it is possible to compact the cast concrete placed between different molds safely, easily and efficiently.
[0041]
Further, the vibration member 24 does not need to be inserted from the inspection window each time as in the prior art, and is always used in a state where the vibration member 24 is disposed on the concrete placement side of the mold 16, so that the operator gets out of the inspection window. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform compaction work, and it is safe and easy, and the working time can be greatly shortened.
[0042]
In addition, the vibration member 24 can be vibrated and moved as it is even when the concrete 14 is placed to the vicinity of the inspection window 34 during the compacting operation, and the vibration member can be moved to another inspection window as in the past. There is no need to move and perform compaction work, and compaction workability is improved.
[0043]
In this example, the mold 16 can be freely folded.
[0044]
Further, one traveling mechanism 18 to which the vibration member 24 is attached is provided on each side of the mold 16, but only one is provided on one side of the mold 16, and this one is installed on the mold 16. The number of installations is not particularly limited.
[0045]
The traveling mechanism 18 may be moved by remote control or wireless remote control, and can be automatically moved by a control mechanism such as a sensor.
[0046]
The vibration member 24 is pivotally supported by the travel mechanism 18 so as to be swingable in the travel direction (the mold surface direction). However, even if the travel mechanism 18 is supported so as not to swing, the vibration member 24 is not moved. It is obvious that the load on the vibration member 24 can be reduced by moving the traveling mechanism 18 in the vertical and horizontal directions along the concrete placement side of the mold 16 so that no load is applied.
[0047]
Further, the traveling mechanism 18 is movable not only in the range indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1 but also to the left side portion where the arrow in FIG. 1 is not attached.
[0048]
The connection cable 22 is preferably guided by a guide roller arranged at an appropriate position on the concrete placement side of the mold 16, but the compacting operation can be performed safely and easily without guidance by the guide roller. The effect of the present invention of efficiently compacting concrete can be sufficiently obtained.
[0049]
In addition, the connection cable 22 of the traveling mechanism 18 can be a rope with an internal cable, an endless chain, a narrow belt, or the like.
[0050]
The traveling mechanism 18 is a robot provided with a crawler 20 that can travel while being magnetically attached to a concrete placement side surface of a mold 16, mainly a steel mold, but can travel by being attracted to the mold 16. It is free to employ a traveling means that can move in the vertical and horizontal directions along the concrete placement side of the robot or other formwork 16.
[0051]
In addition, a concrete sensor for detecting the amount of concrete placed between the formwork 16 and the inner wall surface 40 of the tunnel or another formwork is installed, and when the concrete placement of the concrete sensor is detected, the inspection window 34 or concrete placement is performed. By linking the concrete placement from the opening 36, stopping, vibration of the vibration member 24, movement of the traveling mechanism 18, etc., the work can be automated and workability can be further improved.
[0052]
In addition, it is self-evident that by providing the cleaning mechanism, a cleaning process for cleaning and removing the cast concrete attached to the traveling mechanism 18, the vibration member 24, and the connection cable 22 can be omitted.
[0053]
The method and apparatus of the present invention are used for compacting cast concrete into a substantially semicircular tunnel, but can be used for compacting cast concrete such as underwater tunnels, sewers, and side walls of structures. It's obvious what you can do.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
According to the concrete compaction method and apparatus of the present invention, a vibration member is mounted on a traveling mechanism that is movably arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions on the concrete placement side of the mold, and the mold and the concrete are attached. Concrete is placed between the wall to be placed or another formwork, and the vibration member is vibrated, and the vibration member is moved up and down, left and right along the concrete placement side of the formwork through a traveling mechanism. Therefore, the concrete can be compacted safely, easily and efficiently.
[0055]
Moreover, the vibrating member by axially supporting the driving mechanism by pivotally supporting means vibration member by a pivotable to pivot about the pivotally supported means, with the movement of the vibration member by the running mechanism Thus, the vibration member can be swung in the traveling direction of the traveling mechanism to reduce the load on the vibration member moving in the placement concrete, and the mobility of the vibration member and the compaction efficiency of the concrete can be further improved. Can be improved.
[0056]
Further, by making the traveling mechanism a robot having a crawler that can travel while being magnetically attached to the concrete casting side surface of the steel formwork, not only the mobility of the vibration member can be further improved, but also the traveling mechanism. Is securely adsorbed to the concrete casting side surface of the mold by the magnetic adhesion force, so there is no risk of dropping from the mold and the operation can be performed extremely safely.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a concrete compaction apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of the same.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the main part of the same.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view of the main part of the same.
[Explanation of symbols]
12 Tunnel 14 Concrete 16 Form 18 Traveling mechanism 20 Crawler 24 Vibrating member 40 Tunnel inner wall surface (wall surface)

Claims (3)

In the step of placing the concrete (14) using the mold (16), the traveling mechanism (18) arranged to be movable in the vertical and horizontal directions on the concrete placing side of the mold (16), After attaching the vibration member (24),
Placing concrete (14) between the formwork (16) and the wall (40) on which concrete (14) is to be placed or another formwork;
The vibration member (24) is vibrated, and the vibration member (24) is moved up and down and left and right along the concrete placement side surface of the formwork (16) via the traveling mechanism (18), and the concrete (14). a is intended to compaction,
The vibrating member (24) is pivotally supported on the traveling mechanism (18) by a pivotal support means so that the vibrating member (24) can swing in the mold surface direction so as to rotate about the pivotal support means. , corresponding to the movement of the vibration member by the running mechanism (18) (24), the concrete compaction wherein the Rukoto swung against the mold surface vibration member (24). In an apparatus for placing concrete (14) using a formwork (16),
A traveling mechanism (18) disposed on the concrete placement side of the formwork (16) so as to be movable in the vertical and horizontal directions;
A vibration member (24) for compacting concrete, attached to the traveling mechanism (18);
Consisting of
The vibration member (24) is pivotally supported on the travel mechanism (18) by the pivot support means, so that the vibration member (24) is swingable in the mold surface direction so as to rotate about the pivot support means. 18. A concrete compacting device characterized in that the vibration member (24) is swung with respect to the mold surface in accordance with the movement of the vibration member (24) according to 18) . The concrete fastening mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the traveling mechanism (18) is a traveling robot provided with a crawler (20) capable of traveling while being magnetically attached to a concrete casting side surface of the steel mold (16). Firming device.

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