JP4039852B2 - Mobile X-ray device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a mobile X-ray apparatus capable of measuring and managing an exposure dose or an accumulated exposure dose of a patient (subject).
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional mobile X-ray apparatus includes an X-ray source that irradiates a subject with X-rays, an X-ray detector that is disposed opposite to the X-ray source and detects transmitted X-rays of the subject, and the X-ray source And a supporter that movably supports the X-ray detector, and a carriage that mounts the supporter and a power source that supplies power to an electrical device such as the X-ray source, and moving the carriage, It can be moved in the operating room.
[0003]
In recent years, the number of applications has been expanded by increasing use in a lifesaving emergency room, and increasing use of imaging (DSA imaging) in an operating room in combination with an image processing apparatus.
In such a mobile X-ray apparatus, X-ray fluoroscopic imaging of a subject can be easily performed, but measurement and management of X-ray exposure dose are not supported, and there is a problem of how to perform them. .
The measurement and management of the X-ray exposure dose include, for example, a method of measuring and calculating the exposure dose and the integrated exposure dose by attaching a dosimeter for measuring the X-ray dose and making a list for each subject.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method of attaching and managing the dosimeter is contrary to the fact that the mobile X-ray apparatus whose main purpose is movable is to make the housing as compact as possible. There are various problems that are difficult to overcome, such as complicated management of dose and accumulated exposure dose, and high price of the dosimeter.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a mobile X-ray apparatus that can easily measure an X-ray exposure dose.
[0006]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a mobile X-ray apparatus capable of easily calculating an integrated X-ray exposure dose.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray source that irradiates a subject placed on a bed with X-rays, an X-ray detector that is disposed opposite to the X-ray source and detects transmitted X-rays of the subject, and the X-ray source. In the mobile X-ray apparatus comprising: a support device that movably supports the X-ray detector; and a carriage on which the support device and a power source that supplies the X-ray source are mounted. Means for measuring the distance between the specimen and the X-ray source; means for determining the exposure dose of the subject from the measured distance, the X-ray irradiation condition of the X-ray source, and the angle information of the support; Means for storing the exposure dose in association with the specific information of the subject and the imaging part, and the stored exposure dose and the current measurement when the stored exposure dose is the same subject and the same imaging part Means for accumulating the doses to be obtained to obtain an accumulated dose, and It is achieved by having a means for displaying the accumulated radiation dose is. Further, an X-ray source that irradiates a subject lying on a bed with X-rays, an X-ray detector that is disposed opposite to the X-ray source and detects transmitted X-rays of the subject, the X-ray source, and the X-ray source A mobile X-ray apparatus comprising: a supporter that movably supports an X-ray detector; and a carriage on which the supporter and a power source that supplies the X-ray source are mounted. means and, means and specific information of the radiation dose the subject to determine the radiation dose of the subject from the X-ray irradiation conditions of a distance between the X-ray source which is the measurement that measures the distance between the X-ray source And the means for storing in association with the imaging region, and when the stored exposure dose is the same subject and the same imaging region, the stored exposure dose and the currently measured exposure dose are integrated to obtain an integrated exposure. Means for determining the dose and a means for displaying the calculated accumulated dose. Also by having the door is achieved.
[0008]
Further, the other purpose is to store the exposure dose in association with the specific information of the subject and the imaging part, and when the stored exposure dose is the same subject and the same imaging part, This is achieved by providing means for integrating the stored exposure dose and the currently measured exposure dose to determine the integrated exposure dose and means for outputting the calculated integrated exposure dose.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a mobile X-ray apparatus employing the present invention.
[0010]
The mobile X-ray apparatus includes an X-ray source 101, an X-ray detector 102, a C arm 103, a control unit 104, a calculator 105, a display 106, a carriage 107, a bed 108, and a distance meter 109.
[0011]
The X-ray source 101 irradiates the subject 110 on the bed 108 with X-rays. The X-ray detector 102 is disposed opposite to the X-ray source 101 and detects transmitted X-rays of the subject 110. Here, an image intensifier (II) is taken as an example, but recently developed. It can be replaced by an X-ray planar sensor that is on the way. The C-arm 103 is connected to the X-ray source 101 and I.I. I. 102 is movably supported. The control unit 104 supervises the mobile X-ray apparatus and controls each component. The calculation unit 105 is configured to perform I.D. I. The transmitted X-ray signal of the subject detected at 102 is processed. The display unit 106 displays the signal-processed image as an X-ray image. The carriage 107 is equipped with a C arm 103 and a power supply for supplying electric equipment including the X-ray source 101, and the entire mobile X-ray apparatus can be moved by wheels provided at the lower part of the carriage 1. The distance meter 109 measures the distance between the bed 108 or the subject 110 and the X-ray source 101. Then, the exposure dose is calculated by using the calculated distance and the irradiation condition of the X-ray source. The exposure dose obtained here is converted into numerical information by a character generator or the like, and is displayed on the display unit 106 together with the X-ray image. Here, a display device 106 such as a monitor attached to the housing of the mobile X-ray apparatus is taken as an example. However, if the examiner can know the exposure dose, it does not depend on the visual sense, and a speaker using a speech synthesizer is used. An auditory cognitive means for generating an exposure dose as sound, or a cognitive means for each sensation may be combined in order to alert the diagnostician.
[0012]
A configuration example of the computing unit 105 in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The calculator 105 includes an image processing unit 201, a distance calculation unit 202, a dose calculation unit 203, a dose storage unit 204, an integrated dose calculation unit 205, a character generator 206, and an image composition unit 207.
[0013]
The image processing unit 201 is an I.D. I. The transmitted X-ray signal of the subject detected at 102 is processed. The distance calculation unit 202 attaches an ultrasonic or laser transmission source / receiver to the X-ray source 101, measures the time when the ultrasonic wave or laser reaches the receiver from the transmission source, and determines the arrival time of the ultrasonic wave or laser. The computing unit 105 multiplies the speed to obtain the distance. The dose calculation unit 203 causes the calculator 105 to calculate the exposure dose using the calculated distance and the irradiation condition of the X-ray source. There is a method of calculating the X-ray irradiation condition (applied voltage of X-ray tube * current * irradiation time) of the X-ray source by the square of the obtained distance. Is described in Japan Radiation Engineers Association, “<Revised Supplement> Clinical Radiation Data Book”, pages 33-42, published on September 27, 1984. Is omitted. The dose storage unit 204 classifies each subject and each fluoroscopic / imaging region, and stores the exposure dose obtained in association with the classification. The integrated dose calculation unit 206 updates the dose storage unit 204 by adding the stored exposure dose and the exposure dose at the time of actual photographing. The character generator 206 numerically converts the output of the dose calculating unit 203 when displaying the exposure dose, and numerically converts the output of the integrated dose calculating unit 206 when displaying the integrated dose. The image combining unit 207 combines the output of the image processing unit 201 and the output of the character generator 206 and outputs the combined result to the display unit 106.
[0014]
Next, a procedure for displaying the exposure dose or the accumulated exposure dose by the mobile X-ray apparatus of the present invention will be described. The mobile X-ray apparatus has a built-in computer system and a built-in memory.
[0015]
The X-ray dose, the thickness dimension of the bed 108, and the absorbed X-ray dose per bed thickness unit in the X-ray condition output from the X-ray source 101 are stored in advance in a memory included in the mobile X-ray apparatus.
When X-rays from the X-ray source 101 are not blocked by the bed 108, since there is no bed 108, that is, an X-ray absorber between the X-ray source 101 and the subject 110, the exposure dose of the subject 110 is the X-ray source. Only the distance from 101 to the subject 110 needs to be considered.
[0016]
Therefore, the distance from the X-ray source 101 measured by the distance meter 109 to the subject 110 that is the X-ray irradiation surface and the X-ray dose under the X-ray conditions in the X-ray source 101 stored in the memory in advance are calculated. Then, the exposure dose of the subject 110 is displayed on the display unit 106 together with the X-ray image. Here, depending on the attachment position of the C arm 103, it is an element that changes the distance measured by the distance meter 109. Therefore, the position of the C arm 103 is detected by a known method, and the measured distance and the C arm 103 are detected. The accuracy of the exposure dose can be further improved by obtaining a more accurate distance from the detection position. Further, the exposure dose is integrated in the integrated dose calculation unit 206 and the integrated exposure dose is displayed on the display unit 106. The X-ray image, the exposure dose, and the total exposure dose can be displayed simultaneously, or each can be displayed selectively.
[0017]
When X-rays from the X-ray source 101 are blocked by the bed 108, since the bed 108 is interposed between the X-ray source 101 and the subject 110, the exposure dose of the subject 110 takes into account the absorbed X-ray dose of the bed 108. There is a need to. In addition, since the C-arm 103 irradiates the bed 108 with X-rays from an arbitrary angle by an arc and swivel motion, the thickness dimension of the bed 108 that absorbs X-rays changes. The C arm 103 is provided with a detector such as a rotary encoder for detecting the arc angle / turning angle, and therefore the detected angle value of the 103C arm can be determined by the arc angle / turning angle detector. Then, the thickness dimension of the bed 108 at an arbitrary angle of the C arm 103 is calculated based on the thickness dimension of the bed 108 stored in advance and the detected angle value of the C arm 103. By converting the calculated thickness dimension of the bed 108 at an arbitrary angle of the C arm 103 and the absorbed X-ray dose per unit thickness of the bed 108 stored in advance, the bed 108 at an arbitrary angle of the C arm 103 is converted. The absorbed X-ray dose is calculated.
[0018]
On the other hand, the X-ray dose on the surface of the bed 108 which is the irradiation surface is measured by the distance meter 109 and the distance from the X-ray source 101 to the X-ray irradiation surface is stored in advance. Calculated from the X-ray dose under the line condition. By subtracting the absorbed X-ray dose of the bed 108 at an arbitrary angle of the C arm 103 from the X-ray dose on the surface of the bed 108 that is the calculated irradiation surface, the exposure dose of the subject 110 is obtained and displayed on the display 106. To do.
[0019]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the X-ray source 101 that irradiates the subject 110 placed on the bed 108 with X-rays, and the transmitted X-rays of the subject 110 that are arranged to face the X-ray source 101 are used. A carriage 107 on which an X-ray detector 102 to detect, a C-arm 103 that movably supports the X-ray source 101 and the X-ray detector 102, and a power supply that supplies the C-arm 103 and the X-ray source 101 A distance meter 109 for measuring the distance between the bed 108 and the X-ray source 101, and the subject based on the measured distance and the X-ray irradiation conditions of the X-ray source 101. Since the calculator 105 for calculating the exposure dose 110 and the display 106 for displaying the calculated exposure dose are provided, the X-ray exposure dose can be easily measured and displayed.
[0020]
Further, the dose storage unit 204 that stores the exposure dose in association with the specific information and the imaging region of the subject 110, and the stored dose when the stored exposure dose is the same subject and the same imaging region. Since the integrated dose calculation unit 205 that calculates the integrated exposure dose by integrating the exposure dose and the currently measured exposure dose and the display device 106 that displays the calculated integrated exposure dose, the integrated X-ray exposure dose is calculated. It can be calculated and displayed easily.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has an effect of providing a mobile X-ray apparatus that can easily measure an X-ray exposure dose.
Further, there is an effect of providing a mobile X-ray apparatus that can easily calculate the integrated X-ray exposure dose.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a mobile X-ray apparatus employing the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the arithmetic unit in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 ... X-ray source, 102 ... X-ray detector, 103 ... C arm, 104 ... Control part, 105 ... Operation unit, 106 ... Display device, 107 ... Carriage, 108 ... Bed, 109 ... Distance meter, 110 ... Subject

Claims (2)

An X-ray source that irradiates a subject lying on a bed with X-rays, an X-ray detector that is disposed opposite to the X-ray source and detects transmitted X-rays of the subject, the X-ray source, and the X-ray A mobile X-ray apparatus comprising: a supporter that movably supports a detector; and a carriage on which the supporter and a power source that supplies the X-ray source are mounted. In the mobile X-ray apparatus, the bed or the subject and the X Means for measuring the distance to the radiation source, means for determining the exposure dose of the subject from the measured distance, the X-ray irradiation conditions of the X-ray source, and the angle information of the support; and the exposure dose Means for storing in association with the specific information of the subject and the imaging region, and when the stored exposure dose is the same subject and the same imaging site, the stored exposure dose and the currently measured exposure dose Means for calculating the integrated exposure dose, and the calculated integration Mobile X-ray apparatus characterized by comprising a means for displaying曝線amount. An X-ray source that irradiates a subject lying on a bed with X-rays, an X-ray detector that is disposed opposite to the X-ray source and detects transmitted X-rays of the subject, the X-ray source, and the X-ray A mobile X-ray apparatus comprising: a supporter that movably supports a detector; and a carriage that mounts the supporter and a power source that supplies the X-ray source. The bed or the subject and the X Means for measuring the distance to the radiation source; means for determining the exposure dose of the subject from the measured distance and the X-ray irradiation conditions of the X-ray source; Means for storing in association with the part, and when the stored exposure dose is the same subject and the same imaging part, the stored exposure dose and the currently measured exposure dose are integrated to obtain an integrated exposure dose. Means for obtaining and means for displaying the obtained accumulated dose. Mobile X-ray apparatus characterized by was e.

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