JP4030212B2 - Viscous polysaccharide material, production method thereof and food and drink containing the same - Google Patents

Viscous polysaccharide material, production method thereof and food and drink containing the same Download PDF

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JP4030212B2
JP4030212B2 JP03165699A JP3165699A JP4030212B2 JP 4030212 B2 JP4030212 B2 JP 4030212B2 JP 03165699 A JP03165699 A JP 03165699A JP 3165699 A JP3165699 A JP 3165699A JP 4030212 B2 JP4030212 B2 JP 4030212B2
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sugar
powder
thickening polysaccharide
pectin
thickening
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JP2000014336A (en
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純 西本
肇 岸
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UNITEC FOODS CO Ltd
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UNITEC FOODS CO Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、摂取しやすい性状にした生理活性のある増粘多糖類素材、その製造法及びこれを含有する飲食品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
食品に添加される増粘多糖類には、ペクチン、グアーガム、ローカストビーンガム、タラガム、タマリンド種子ガム、グルコマンナン、キサンタンガム、アルギン酸、アルギン酸アルカリ金属塩、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カラギーナン、寒天、ファーセレラン、キチン、キトサン、プルラン等が知られている。これらの多糖類は、食品工業において食品添加物もしくは食品素材として用いられている。特に、ゲル化剤、増粘剤、安定剤等として広く用いられている。
さらに、これらは食物繊維であるので、血中コレステロール濃度低下作用、耐糖能、便通改善、免疫増強、解毒作用などの様々な生理活性が報告され、医薬や健康食品の分野で用いられているものもある。
しかし、このような生理活性を期待してこれを粉末のまま直接摂取しようとすると、多くの増粘多糖類は口中の水分を吸収して急激に水和し増粘するので、口中の内壁にへばりつき、液体で流し込むことは困難であった。そこで、このような問題を解決するために、増粘多糖類をカプセルに封じ込めたりあるいは飲食品中に添加して摂取することが行なわれている。しかし、このようにして生理活性が奏される程の多量の増粘多糖類を摂取するためには、多量のカプセルを摂取しなければならず、また飲料中に溶解させるとその粘度が増加し、食感が変化し、多くの場合不快感を伴ない、実質的に生理活性を奏する程度の量の増粘多糖類を摂取することは困難であった。
【0003】
そこで、増粘多糖類を低分子化して粘度を低下させて摂取しやすくする方法が考えられた。例えば、ペクチンを例にとると、ペクチンを低分子化する方法として、ペクチンを高温酸加水分解する方法(特開平10-4894 号公報) 、アルカリ性塩基によるβ脱離処理する方法、酵素や微生物などにより分解処理する方法 (特開平6-169724号公報、特開平6-169769号公報、特開平5-192108号公報) 、酸化剤を用いた酸化的脱重合する方法等が知られている。これらの方法はペクチンを溶液あるいは懸濁液として処理を行なう方法であるので、得られる製品を液状で使用しない限り粉末化工程を行なう必要があった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、従来のペクチンその他の増粘多糖類のこのような問題点を解決することを期してなされたものである。すなわち、本発明は、増粘多糖類の生理活性作用を変えることなく、摂取しやすい性状に加工した、生理活性のある増粘多糖類素材、その製造法及びそれを含有する飲食品を提供することを課題とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記課題を解決するために鋭意研究を行なったところ、増粘多糖類、特にペクチンを粉末のまま無水条件下で加熱すると、ペクチンの粘度が低下し、摂取しやすい性状となることを見出した。
そして、さらに検討を重ねたところ、増粘多糖類粉末もしくはこれに固形の糖含有物を加えて、粉末のまま無水条件下で加熱すると、固形の糖含有物中の糖が溶融し、これが増粘多糖類粉末の周囲を取りまいて顆粒状ないしフレーク状もしくは塊状となり、これらを砕いて服用すると、大変飲み込みやすくなり、また室温に冷却すると、クリスピー感のある粘り気の少ない、香ばしい香りのある増粘多糖類素材が得られることを見出して本発明をなすに至った。
【0006】
すなわち、本発明は、増粘多糖類粉末もしくはこれに固形の糖含有物を加え、粉末のまま無水条件下で加熱処理して得ることのできる、増粘多糖類単体からなるかあるいはその周囲に糖含有物が付着している増粘多糖類素材に関する。
また、本発明は、増粘多糖類粉末もしくはこれに固形の糖含有物を加え、粉末のまま無水条件下で加熱することを特徴とする、増粘多糖類単体からなるかあるいはその周囲に糖含有物が付着している増粘多糖類素材の製造法に関する。
本発明における粉末のまま無水条件下での加熱は、鉄板等の熱伝導性の高い金属板上で加熱、好ましくは攪拌を伴なって加熱する方法、真空包装してレトルトで加熱する方法、エクストルーダーで加熱する方法等を挙げることができる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明における増粘多糖類には、従来知られている食品用の増粘多糖類のいずれのものでも使用できる。このような増粘多糖類としては、ペクチン、グアーガム、ローカストビーンガム、タラガム、タマリンド種子ガム、グルコマンナン、キサンタンガム、アルギン酸、アルギン酸アルカリ金属塩、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カラギーナン、寒天、ファーセレラン、キチン、キトサン、プルラン等がある。これらは粉末の形で用いられる。
これらのなかで好ましい増粘多糖類としては、ペクチンがある。ペクチンは、粉末状のものであるなら、柑橘系、リンゴ系等の起源、エステル化度、アミド基の割合等限定するものではない。市販のペクチンは、一般に、ゲル化力、粘度、安定化能等の品質を一定にするため、ブドウ糖やショ糖を添加して標準化している。本発明においては、このように標準化が行なわれているものであってもあるいは標準化されていないものであっても用いられる。
【0008】
増粘多糖類に添加される糖含有物として、粉末の糖類、粉末果汁、乾燥果実粉砕物等の固形の糖含有物が用いられる。粉末の糖類には、ブドウ糖、ショ糖、果糖、乳糖、ガラクトース、麦芽糖等が用いられる。
増粘多糖類粉末に添加される糖含有物の添加量は、増粘多糖類粉末が標準化されていなくて(したがって、他の糖類を含まず)、かつ粉末の糖類のみを添加する場合は、全体に対し10〜90重量%が望ましいが、この添加量は、増粘多糖類の標準化として含まれる糖類の量や、糖含有物の組成、その他添加されるものによって適宜調整される。
増粘多糖類粉末もしくはこれに固形の糖含有物を加え、粉末のまま無水条件下での加熱処理は、糖含有物中の糖の融点以上の温度でかつ増粘多糖類や糖含有物の品質を損なわない温度以下で行なうことが好ましい。糖の融点は、ブドウ糖 (α-D- グルコピラノース、無水) 146.5 ℃、ショ糖160 ℃、果糖104 ℃、乳糖 (α型) 202 ℃、ガラクトース (無水) 167 ℃、麦芽糖 103℃であるので、糖含有物中に含まれる糖の種類によって加熱温度を選択することができる。
【0009】
加熱手段は、前記のように増粘多糖類粉末あるいはそれに固形の糖含有物を加え、無水条件下で加熱する。無水条件下での加熱は、鉄板等の熱伝導性の高い金属板上で加熱する方法、好ましくは、攪拌を伴なって加熱する方法、真空包装してレトルトで加熱する方法、エクストルーダーで加熱する方法等を挙げることができる。
例えば、増粘多糖類の1例としてペクチンを例にとって説明すると、ブドウ糖を加えて標準化してある粉末状のペクチンを、鉄板上で攪拌しながら 140℃で加熱すると顆粒化され、160 ℃以上で加熱するとフレーク状となる。これは標準化のために添加したブドウ糖が溶け、ペクチンの周囲を取り巻くためである。そして、これを室温に戻すと、クリスピー感のある粘り気の少ない、香ばしい香りのあるペクチン素材になる。そして口中の水分で急激に吸水するのをペクチンを取り巻いた糖が防ぐため、粘り気が発現するのを大きく遅延する。したがって、標準化してあるペクチンを用いると、配合されている糖の量や加熱条件によって得られるペクチン素材の形状が異なる。
また、糖を添加して標準化していないペクチン(純ペクチン)を用いる場合には、一例としてブドウ糖を添加し、鉄板上で攪拌しながら 160℃で加熱すると、ブドウ糖の添加量が全体の30%までのとき顆粒化し、35〜50%ではフレーク状となり、55〜60%は一つの塊になり、65%以上では糖が流れて水飴状となる。これらを室温まで冷却すると、そのままの形で固まる。したがって、標準化していないペクチンを用いると、添加する糖の量によって加熱処理後のペクチン素材の形状が異なる。
このように本発明においては、増粘多糖類素材(上記の例ではペクチン単体の周囲にブドウ糖が付着しているペクチン素材)の形状として、粉末状、顆粒状、粒状、フレーク状等のいろいろな形状のものを得ることができる。
【0010】
さらにまた、糖を添加して標準化していない粉末状のペクチンを単独で用いると、前記の加熱により粉末状のペクチン素材が得られるが、このものは、ペクチンの粘度がいちじるしく低下し、口中に入れてもへばりつき感がなく、また水または水性媒体に溶解してもほとんど粘度が上昇しないので、これをそのまま多量に摂取することもできるし、また他の飲食品に食品素材として多量に添加することもできる。
なお、本発明における粘度は、口中に入れたときあるいは水または水性媒体中に溶解させたときの粘度をいう。本発明では、便宜的に、2%ペクチン粉末水溶液の25℃における粘度を粘度計で測定したときの粘度(cps) で示す。
これらのペクチン素材は、乾燥果実粉砕物を添加して加熱すると、フルーティーな好ましい風味になり、より摂取しやすくなる。
【0011】
さらに風味付けとして、粉末調味料、粉末香辛料、粉末甘味料を、着色のために粉末色素を添加して加熱してもよい。またその他の水溶性食物繊維、不溶性食物繊維、穀粉、蛋白質等の粉末を必要に応じ混合してから加熱することにより、食感の変化と生理活性の付与がなされる。
これらは、ペクチンばかりではなく、その他の増粘多糖類を用いた場合も同様である。
【0012】
本発明の増粘多糖類素材は新規なものであって、生理活性作用発現のために必要な量を、水と一緒にあるいはそのままでも、容易に摂取することができ、また常法により食品に多量に添加しても、既存の増粘多糖類より粘度が低く、好ましい食感になる。このような食品としては、コーンフレークス、クランチチョコレート、クッキーあるいは調理食品、飲料等を挙げることができる。
【0013】
次に本発明の実施例を示す。以下の実施例は本発明を具体化した好ましい例を示すだけであって、本発明はこれら実施例に限定して解釈されるべきではない。
【実施例1】
標準化の糖が加えられていないペクチン UNIPECTINE BROWN NF(SKWバイオシステムズ社製) 6gを、熱源のある鉄板に粉末のまま載せ、攪拌しながら、表1に示す所定の温度及び時間で加熱した。加熱後得られたペクチン粉末を5g とり、245gのイオン交換水に分散し、85℃に加熱して溶解させ、25℃に冷却した。このようにして得られたペクチン粉末の2%溶液の粘度をB型粘度計で測定した。使用したローターはNo.1、回転数60rpm で1分後の粘度を測定した。表1に、加熱処理条件、2%溶液粘度及び分子量を示した。
【0014】
【表1】

Figure 0004030212
【0015】
表1にみられるように、加熱時間が長いほど、加熱温度が高いほど粘度が低下した。しかし、230 ℃、3分の加熱では粉末の色がこげ茶色となり、また粘度も非常に低くなり食物繊維の性状を失っているので、加熱は 140〜200 ℃で3〜4分が適当であると判断された。
【0016】
【実施例2】
ブトウ糖で標準化してあるペクチン UNIPECTINE QC40(SKW バイオシステムズ社製:ブドウ糖約40%含有)を6g、熱源上に載置してある鉄板に粉末のまま載せて、攪拌しながら、表2に示される所定の温度で3分間加熱した。
加熱後の粉末を5g とり、245gのイオン交換水に分散し、85℃まで加熱して溶解させ、25℃まで冷却し、この2%溶液の粘度をB型粘度計で測定した。使用したローターはNo.1、回転数60rpm で1分後の粘度を測定した。この粘度を表2に示す。また、室温まで冷却したときのペクチン素材の性状も表2に示す。
【0017】
【表2】
Figure 0004030212
【0018】
160 ℃と180 ℃で加熱したものは、クリスピー感があり、粘り気が少なく、香ばしい香りがした。また、口の中に入れると未処理のものは急激に吸水し、口中に張り付くが、160 ℃と180 ℃で加熱処理したのは、口中に入れると粘り気が発現するまで時間を要し、容易に水で飲み込むことができた。
さらに、前記ペクチン (QC40) の未処理物、140 ℃加熱物及び160 ℃加熱物をそれぞれステンレス製スプーン (巾11mm) に載せ、室温のイオン交換水をたらして全体を湿らせ、30秒放置後、水槽に漬けて激しく5秒間振り、試料のスプーンに残っているかどうか判定した。その結果を表3に示した。
【0019】
【表3】
Figure 0004030212
【0020】
【実施例3】
ブドウ糖で標準化してあるペクチンUNIPECTINE AYD30 (SKW バイオシステムズ社製)(ブドウ糖約30%含量) を、レトルト用包材に入れて厚さ5 mmになるように真空包装し、120 ℃で20分と120 ℃で40分のレトルト処理をそれぞれ行なった。レトルト処理後室温まで冷却したものは、全体が固まっているので、これを粉砕して25℃での2%溶液の粘度と、HPLCを用いた分子量と、エステル化度の測定とを行なった。HPLCによる分子量の測定は、カラム Shodex Ionpak KS-804 、溶媒 0.05M-NaCl を用い、プルラン標準品の検量線から算出した。その結果を表4に示す。
【0021】
【表4】
Figure 0004030212
【0022】
【実施例4】
ペクチン UNIPECTINE QC40を、同方向回転二軸エクストルーダー (末広鉄工社製) に粉末のまま投入し、バレル温度 170℃、回転数15rpm で滞留時間を3分になるようにし、ダイは取り付けずに開放系で処理した。処理量は5kg/ 時間であった。処理されたものはクリスピーなフレーク状のものになり、口中に入れても粘り気が生ぜず、水とともに容易に飲み込むことができた。
【0023】
【実施例5】
ブドウ糖で標準化してあるペクチンUNIPECTINE XP50F(SKW バイオシステムズ社製: ブドウ糖約50%含有)を実施例4のエクストルーダーに投入し、バレル温度 140℃、回転数15rpm で滞留時間を3.5 分になるようにし、口径 2mmのダイを取り付けて処理した。処理量は5.5kg/時間であった。ペクチンはダイの孔から太線状となって押し出されるので出口で適宜にカッティングし、直径約 2mmで幅も 2mm程度の粒状 (円柱状) のペクチン素材を得た。このペクチン粒の表面には溶融したブドウ糖の被膜がコーティングされてあり、口中に入れても粘り気が生ぜず、水を用いなくても容易に飲み込むことができた。
【0024】
【実施例6】
標準化されていないペクチンUNIPECTINE BROWN NF 粉末 9〜1gにブドウ糖粉末1〜9g を添加し、鉄板上で攪拌しながら 160℃で加熱すると、ブドウ糖の添加の量が全体の30%までのときは顆粒状となり、35〜50%ではフレーク状、55〜60%では一つの塊になり、65%以上では糖が流れて水飴状になった。これらを室温まで冷却すると、いずれもペクチン単体粉末の周囲にブドウ糖が付着してこれらの形状のまま固まった。顆粒状、フレーク状のものはそのままで、塊状、水飴状に固まったものは粉砕して使用した。これらを口中に入れても粘り気が生ぜず、水とともに又は水を用いなくても、容易に飲み込むことができた。
【0025】
【実施例7】
ペクチンUNIPECTINE AYD30粉末50部と、アップル果汁粉末 (雪印食品 (株) 販売) 20部、およびアップルファイバー(雪印食品 (株) 販売)30部を、160 ℃の加熱鉄板上で攪拌しながら3分間加熱処理し、室温まで冷却した。得られた製品は、実施例6と同様の性状を呈し、クリスピーな香りがあるフルーティなペクチン素材となった。これを口中に入れても粘り気が生ぜず、水とともに容易に飲み込むことができた。
【0026】
【実施例8】
グアーガム VIDOGUM GHK 175 (ユニペクチン社製) 粉末70部とブドウ糖粉末30部とを混合し、160 ℃の鉄板上で攪拌しながら3分間加熱した。この結果、ブドウ糖がグアーガム単体の周囲に付着した顆粒状の素材が形成された。この顆粒状グアーガムは粘りの発現が遅く、水を用いなくても摂取しやすいものとなった。
【0027】
【実施例9】
キサンタンガム SATIAXANE CX90(SKW バイオシステムズ社製) 粉末50重量部とブドウ糖粉末50重量部とを混合し、 160℃の鉄板上で攪拌しながら3分間加熱した。この結果ブドウ糖がキサンタンガム単体の周囲に付着したフレーク状の素材が形成された。このフレーク状キサンタンガム素材を口に含むと粘りの発現が遅く、水とともに又は水を用いなくても、摂取しやすいものとなった。
【0028】
【実施例10】
実施例2のブドウ糖で標準化してあるペクチン UNIPECTINE QC40を 180℃で3分加熱したもの6g を、45℃で溶解したチョコレート10g と混ぜ、型に入れて冷却した。同様に未処理のペクチン UNIPECTINE QC40を入れたものと比較した。その結果を表5に示す。
【0029】
【表5】
Figure 0004030212
【0030】
【実施例11】
実施例3のブドウ糖で標準化してあるペクチン UNIPECTINE AYD30 を 120℃、40分レトルト処理したペクチン素材と未処理のペクチン粉末 UNIPECTINE AYD30 を用いて、それぞれ、クッキーを作り比較した。この原料の配合を表6に示す。
【0031】
【表6】
Figure 0004030212
【0032】
クッキーの製造法は、バターと砂糖を混ぜホイップさせながら卵を入れ、十分にホイップしたところで薄力粉とペクチンとチーズパウダーを混ぜたものを混合し、成型し、 185℃で15分焼成してクッキーを得た。得られた製品の性状を表7に示す。
【0033】
【表7】
Figure 0004030212
【0034】
【実施例12】
実施例3のブドウ糖で標準化してあるペクチン UNIPECTINE AYD30 を 120℃、40分レトルト処理したペクチン素材を用いて、表8の配合にしたがってグレープフルーツ果汁飲料を調製し、喉ごしのよい飲料を得ることができた。
【0035】
【表8】
Figure 0004030212
【0036】
【発明の効果】
本発明によると、粘度が低く、口中に入れても粘り気の発現が遅く、水とともに又は水を用いなくても、容易に飲み込みあるいは嚥下することのできる増粘多糖類素材を得ることができる。本発明の増粘多糖類素材は、食物繊維を含有しているので、食物繊維の生理活性作用の発現を目的として多量に投与することができる。しかも糖類及びその他の成分が添加されていると摂取し易いものとなる。また本発明の増粘多糖類素材は、固形の糖含有物を併用した場合には、その周囲に糖が付着して、飲みやすくなる。
さらに、本発明では、増粘多糖類素材の形状を粉末状、顆粒状、粒状、フレーク状あるいはこれらの混合物等目的に応じて種々に変えることができる。
また、本発明の増粘多糖類素材を飲食品に添加すると、その粘度上昇を抑制することができるので、食物繊維の摂取を目的として、本発明の増粘多糖類素材を多量に摂取することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a physiologically active thickening polysaccharide material having a property easy to ingest, a method for producing the same, and a food or drink containing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The thickening polysaccharides added to foods include pectin, guar gum, locust bean gum, tara gum, tamarind seed gum, glucomannan, xanthan gum, alginic acid, alginic acid alkali metal salts, carboxymethylcellulose, carrageenan, agar, fur celerin, chitin, chitosan Pullulan and the like are known. These polysaccharides are used as food additives or food materials in the food industry. In particular, they are widely used as gelling agents, thickeners, stabilizers and the like.
Furthermore, since these are dietary fibers, various physiological activities such as blood cholesterol level lowering action, glucose tolerance, bowel movement improvement, immune enhancement, detoxification action, etc. have been reported and used in the fields of pharmaceuticals and health foods. There is also.
However, if you try to ingest this directly in the powder in anticipation of such physiological activity, many thickening polysaccharides absorb moisture in the mouth and abruptly hydrate and thicken. It was sticky and difficult to pour with liquid. Therefore, in order to solve such problems, it has been practiced to encapsulate thickening polysaccharides in capsules or add them to food and drink. However, in order to ingest such a large amount of thickening polysaccharide as to exhibit physiological activity in this way, a large amount of capsules must be ingested, and when dissolved in a beverage, the viscosity increases. However, it has been difficult to ingest a thickening polysaccharide in such an amount that the texture changes and is often accompanied by discomfort and substantially exhibits physiological activity.
[0003]
In view of this, a method has been considered in which a thickening polysaccharide is reduced in molecular weight to reduce the viscosity so that it can be easily ingested. For example, taking pectin as an example, as a method of reducing the molecular weight of pectin, a method of hydrolyzing pectin at high temperature (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-4894), a method of β-elimination treatment with an alkaline base, an enzyme, a microorganism, There are known a method of decomposing by a method (JP-A-6-169724, JP-A-6-169769, JP-A-5-192108), a method of oxidative depolymerization using an oxidizing agent, and the like. Since these methods are methods in which pectin is treated as a solution or suspension, it is necessary to perform a powdering step unless the resulting product is used in liquid form.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems of conventional pectin and other thickening polysaccharides. That is, the present invention provides a physiologically active thickening polysaccharide material processed into a property that is easy to ingest without changing the physiologically active action of the thickening polysaccharide, a method for producing the same, and a food and drink containing the same. This is the issue.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention conducted extensive research to solve the above problems, and found that when the polysaccharide thickener, particularly pectin, was heated under anhydrous conditions while being powdered, the viscosity of the pectin decreased and it was easily ingested. I found out that
As a result of further investigation, when the thickened polysaccharide powder or the solid sugar-containing material is added to the powder and heated under anhydrous conditions with the powder, the sugar in the solid sugar-containing material melts and increases. It becomes a granule, flake or lump around the polysaccharide powder, and it is very easy to swallow if it is crushed and taken, and when it is cooled to room temperature, it has a crispy and less sticky, fragrant scent. The inventors have found that a viscous polysaccharide material can be obtained, and have made the present invention.
[0006]
That is, the present invention comprises a thickening polysaccharide or a thickening polysaccharide which can be obtained by adding a solid sugar-containing substance to this and heating it under anhydrous conditions as it is. The present invention relates to a thickening polysaccharide material to which a sugar-containing material is attached.
The present invention also relates to a thickening polysaccharide powder or a solid sugar-containing substance added to the thickening polysaccharide powder, and the powder is heated under anhydrous conditions. The present invention relates to a method for producing a thickening polysaccharide material to which inclusions are attached.
In the present invention, the powder is heated under anhydrous conditions such as heating on a metal plate having high thermal conductivity such as an iron plate, preferably a method of heating with stirring, a method of vacuum packaging and heating with a retort, an ext The method etc. which heat with a ruder can be mentioned.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As the thickening polysaccharide in the present invention, any conventionally known thickening polysaccharide for food can be used. Such thickening polysaccharides include pectin, guar gum, locust bean gum, tara gum, tamarind seed gum, glucomannan, xanthan gum, alginic acid, alginic acid alkali metal salts, carboxymethylcellulose, carrageenan, agar, fur cerelan, chitin, chitosan, pullulan. Etc. These are used in powder form.
Among these, a preferred thickening polysaccharide is pectin. As long as the pectin is in the form of a powder, the origin of citrus and apple, the degree of esterification, the ratio of amide groups, etc. are not limited. In general, commercially available pectin is standardized by adding glucose or sucrose in order to make the quality such as gelling power, viscosity and stabilizing ability constant. In the present invention, even if the standardization is performed as described above or the standardization is not performed.
[0008]
As the sugar-containing material added to the thickening polysaccharide, solid sugar-containing materials such as powdered sugar, powdered fruit juice, and dried fruit pulverized material are used. Glucose, sucrose, fructose, lactose, galactose, maltose and the like are used as powdered saccharides.
The amount of sugar-containing material added to the thickened polysaccharide powder is such that when the thickened polysaccharide powder is not standardized (and therefore does not contain other sugars) and only the powdered sugar is added, The amount added is preferably 10 to 90% by weight based on the total, but the amount added is appropriately adjusted depending on the amount of saccharide contained as a standard for thickening polysaccharides, the composition of the sugar-containing material, and other added substances.
Thickened polysaccharide powder or solid sugar-containing material is added to this, and heat treatment under anhydrous conditions with the powder is performed at a temperature higher than the melting point of the sugar in the sugar-containing material and of the thickened polysaccharide or sugar-containing material. It is preferable to carry out at a temperature that does not impair the quality. The melting point of sugar is glucose (α-D-glucopyranose, anhydrous) 146.5 ° C, sucrose 160 ° C, fructose 104 ° C, lactose (α form) 202 ° C, galactose (anhydrous) 167 ° C, maltose 103 ° C, The heating temperature can be selected depending on the type of sugar contained in the sugar-containing material.
[0009]
As described above, the heating means adds thickened polysaccharide powder or a solid sugar-containing material thereto and heats it under anhydrous conditions. Heating under anhydrous conditions is a method of heating on a metal plate with high thermal conductivity such as an iron plate, preferably a method of heating with stirring, a method of vacuum packaging and heating with a retort, heating with an extruder And the like.
For example, pectin as an example of thickening polysaccharide will be described as an example. Powdered pectin, which has been standardized by adding glucose, is granulated when heated at 140 ° C. while stirring on an iron plate, at 160 ° C. or higher. When heated, it becomes flaky. This is because the glucose added for standardization dissolves and surrounds the pectin. When this is returned to room temperature, it becomes a pectin material with a crispy and less sticky, fragrant fragrance. And since the sugar surrounding pectin prevents sudden absorption of water by moisture in the mouth, the development of stickiness is greatly delayed. Therefore, when standardized pectin is used, the shape of the pectin material obtained varies depending on the amount of sugar added and the heating conditions.
In addition, when using non-standardized pectin (pure pectin) with addition of sugar, for example, when glucose is added and heated at 160 ° C. while stirring on an iron plate, the amount of glucose added is 30% of the total. Until it is granulated, it becomes flaky at 35 to 50%, 55 to 60% becomes one lump, and at 65% or more, sugar flows and becomes chickenpox. When these are cooled to room temperature, they solidify as they are. Therefore, when non-standardized pectin is used, the shape of the pectin material after the heat treatment varies depending on the amount of added sugar.
As described above, in the present invention, the thickening polysaccharide material (in the above example, pectin material in which glucose is attached around the pectin simple substance) has various shapes such as powder, granule, granule, flake and the like. A shape can be obtained.
[0010]
Furthermore, when powdered pectin, which is not standardized by adding sugar, is used alone, a powdered pectin material can be obtained by the above-mentioned heating. There is no stickiness even if it is added, and the viscosity hardly increases even if dissolved in water or an aqueous medium, so it can be taken in large quantities as it is, and it can be added in large quantities as food ingredients to other foods and drinks You can also.
In addition, the viscosity in this invention means the viscosity when it puts in a mouth or makes it melt | dissolve in water or an aqueous medium. In the present invention, for the sake of convenience, the viscosity at 25 ° C. of a 2% aqueous pectin powder solution is indicated by the viscosity (cps) measured with a viscometer.
When these dried pectin materials are heated with the dried fruit pulverized product added, the pectin material becomes a fruity and desirable flavor and is easier to ingest.
[0011]
Further, as a seasoning, powder seasonings, powder spices, and powder sweeteners may be heated by adding powder pigments for coloring. In addition, by changing the powder of other water-soluble dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, flour, protein and the like as necessary, and then heating, the texture is changed and the physiological activity is imparted.
These are the same when not only pectin but also other thickening polysaccharides are used.
[0012]
The thickening polysaccharide material of the present invention is novel, and can be easily ingested with water or as it is in the amount necessary for the expression of physiological activity. Even if it is added in a large amount, the viscosity is lower than that of the existing thickening polysaccharide, resulting in a preferable texture. Examples of such foods include corn flakes, crunch chocolate, cookies, cooked foods, and beverages.
[0013]
Next, examples of the present invention will be described. The following examples merely show preferred examples of the present invention, and the present invention should not be construed as being limited to these examples.
[Example 1]
6 g of pectin UNIPECTINE BROWN NF (manufactured by SKW Biosystems), to which standardized sugar was not added, was placed in a powder form on an iron plate with a heat source and heated at the predetermined temperature and time shown in Table 1 while stirring. 5 g of the pectin powder obtained after heating was taken, dispersed in 245 g of ion-exchanged water, dissolved by heating to 85 ° C., and cooled to 25 ° C. The viscosity of a 2% solution of the pectin powder thus obtained was measured with a B-type viscometer. The rotor used was No. 1 and the viscosity after 1 minute was measured at a rotational speed of 60 rpm. Table 1 shows the heat treatment conditions, 2% solution viscosity and molecular weight.
[0014]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004030212
[0015]
As seen in Table 1, the viscosity decreased as the heating time was longer and the heating temperature was higher. However, heating at 230 ° C for 3 minutes causes the powder color to be dark brown, the viscosity is very low, and the properties of dietary fiber are lost, so heating is appropriate at 140-200 ° C for 3-4 minutes. It was judged.
[0016]
[Example 2]
Table 2 shows 6 grams of pectin UNIPECTINE QC40 (SKW Biosystems, Inc .: containing about 40% glucose) that has been standardized with sugar beet, in powder form on an iron plate placed on a heat source and stirred. For 3 minutes.
5 g of the heated powder was taken and dispersed in 245 g of ion-exchanged water, dissolved by heating to 85 ° C., cooled to 25 ° C., and the viscosity of this 2% solution was measured with a B-type viscometer. The rotor used was No. 1 and the viscosity after 1 minute was measured at a rotational speed of 60 rpm. This viscosity is shown in Table 2. The properties of the pectin material when cooled to room temperature are also shown in Table 2.
[0017]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004030212
[0018]
The ones heated at 160 ° C and 180 ° C had a crispy feeling, less stickiness, and a fragrant scent. Also, when put in the mouth, the untreated one absorbs water rapidly and sticks in the mouth, but the heat treatment at 160 ° C and 180 ° C takes time until stickiness appears in the mouth and is easy I was able to swallow it with water.
Furthermore, place the untreated pectin (QC40), 140 ° C heated, and 160 ° C heated on a stainless steel spoon (width 11mm), drain the room temperature ion-exchanged water, moisten the whole, and leave it for 30 seconds. After that, it was immersed in a water tank and shaken vigorously for 5 seconds to determine whether it remained in the spoon of the sample. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0019]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004030212
[0020]
[Example 3]
Pectin UNIPECTINE AYD30 (SKW Biosystems), which is standardized with glucose (approximately 30% glucose), is vacuum-packed to a thickness of 5 mm in a retort packaging, and 20 minutes at 120 ° C. Retorting for 40 minutes was performed at 120 ° C. What was cooled to room temperature after the retort treatment was solidified, and this was pulverized, and the viscosity of a 2% solution at 25 ° C., the molecular weight using HPLC, and the degree of esterification were measured. The molecular weight was measured by HPLC using a column Shodex Ionpak KS-804 and a solvent 0.05M-NaCl, which was calculated from a calibration curve of a pullulan standard product. The results are shown in Table 4.
[0021]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004030212
[0022]
[Example 4]
Pectin UNIPECTINE QC40 is charged as powder into a bi-directional extruder (Suehiro Iron Works Co., Ltd.), barrel temperature is 170 ° C, rotation speed is 15 rpm, the residence time is 3 minutes, and the die is not attached and opened. The system was processed. The throughput was 5 kg / hour. The treated product became crispy flakes, and did not become sticky even when put in the mouth and could be swallowed easily with water.
[0023]
[Example 5]
Pectin UNIIPECTINE XP50F (manufactured by SKW Biosystems: containing about 50% glucose), which is standardized with glucose, is introduced into the extruder of Example 4 so that the residence time is 3.5 minutes at a barrel temperature of 140 ° C and a rotation speed of 15 rpm. Then, a die having a diameter of 2 mm was attached and processed. The throughput was 5.5 kg / hour. Pectin is extruded as a thick line from the hole of the die, and is cut appropriately at the outlet to obtain a granular (columnar) pectin material having a diameter of about 2 mm and a width of about 2 mm. The surface of the pectin grains was coated with a film of melted glucose, which did not cause stickiness even when put in the mouth and could be swallowed easily without using water.
[0024]
[Example 6]
When glucose powder 1-9g is added to non-standardized pectin UNIPECTINE BROWN NF powder 9-1g and heated at 160 ° C while stirring on an iron plate, it is granular when the amount of glucose added is up to 30% In 35-50%, it became flaky, 55-60% became one lump, and in more than 65%, sugar flowed and became chickenpox. When these were cooled to room temperature, glucose adhered to the periphery of the pectin simple substance powder and solidified in these shapes. Granules and flakes were used as they were, and those solidified in a lump or chickenpox were pulverized before use. Even if they were put in the mouth, they did not become sticky and could be swallowed easily with or without water.
[0025]
[Example 7]
Heat 50 parts of pectin UNIPECTINE AYD30 powder, 20 parts of apple juice powder (sold by Snow Brand Foods Co., Ltd.), and 30 parts of apple fiber (sold by Snow Brand Foods Co., Ltd.) for 3 minutes while stirring on a 160 ° C heating iron plate. Treated and cooled to room temperature. The obtained product had the same properties as in Example 6 and became a fruity pectin material with a crispy fragrance. Even if it was put in the mouth, it did not become sticky and could be swallowed easily with water.
[0026]
[Example 8]
Guar gum VIDOGUM GHK 175 (manufactured by Unipectin) 70 parts of powder and 30 parts of glucose powder were mixed and heated on an iron plate at 160 ° C. for 3 minutes while stirring. As a result, a granular material in which glucose was attached around the guar gum alone was formed. This granular guar gum had a slow onset of stickiness and was easily ingested without using water.
[0027]
[Example 9]
Xanthan gum SATIAXANE CX90 (manufactured by SKW Biosystems) 50 parts by weight of powder and 50 parts by weight of glucose powder were mixed and heated on an iron plate at 160 ° C. for 3 minutes while stirring. As a result, a flaky material in which glucose was adhered around xanthan gum alone was formed. When this flaky xanthan gum material was included in the mouth, the onset of stickiness was slow, and it was easy to ingest even with or without water.
[0028]
[Example 10]
6 g of pectin UNIPECTINE QC40 standardized with the glucose of Example 2 heated at 180 ° C. for 3 minutes was mixed with 10 g of chocolate melted at 45 ° C., placed in a mold and cooled. Similarly, comparison was made with untreated pectin UNIPECTINE QC40. The results are shown in Table 5.
[0029]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004030212
[0030]
Example 11
Using a pectin material obtained by retorting the pectin UNIPECTINE AYD30 standardized with glucose of Example 3 at 120 ° C. for 40 minutes and an untreated pectin powder UNIPECTINE AYD30, cookies were prepared and compared. Table 6 shows the composition of this raw material.
[0031]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004030212
[0032]
Cookies are made by mixing eggs with butter and sugar and whipping. Mix well with whipped flour, pectin and cheese powder, and mold and bake at 185 ° C for 15 minutes. Obtained. Table 7 shows the properties of the obtained product.
[0033]
[Table 7]
Figure 0004030212
[0034]
Example 12
Using a pectin material obtained by retorting the pectin UNIPECTINE AYD30 standardized with the glucose of Example 3 at 120 ° C. for 40 minutes, a grapefruit juice drink is prepared according to the composition shown in Table 8 to obtain a drink with a good throat. I was able to.
[0035]
[Table 8]
Figure 0004030212
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a thickening polysaccharide material that has a low viscosity, has a slow onset of viscosity even when put in the mouth, and can be easily swallowed or swallowed with or without water. Since the thickening polysaccharide material of the present invention contains dietary fiber, it can be administered in a large amount for the purpose of expressing the physiological activity of dietary fiber. Moreover, when sugars and other components are added, it becomes easy to ingest. In addition, when the thickened polysaccharide material of the present invention is used in combination with a solid sugar-containing material, sugar adheres to the surroundings, and it becomes easy to drink.
Furthermore, in the present invention, the shape of the thickening polysaccharide material can be variously changed according to the purpose such as powder, granule, granule, flake, or a mixture thereof.
In addition, when the thickening polysaccharide material of the present invention is added to food and drink, the increase in viscosity can be suppressed, so that the thickening polysaccharide material of the present invention is consumed in large quantities for the purpose of intake of dietary fiber. Can do.

Claims (12)

増粘多糖類粉末に固形の糖含有物を加え、粉末のまま無水条件下で糖の溶融温度以上で加熱処理して得ることができる、増粘多糖類の周囲に糖含有物が付着してなる増粘多糖類素材。Thickening polysaccharides Powder sugar content of the solid was added to, may be obtained by heat treatment at a sugar melting temperature or higher under anhydrous conditions as a powder, sugar-containing product is attached to the periphery of the thickening polysaccharide such A thickening polysaccharide material. 増粘多糖類がペクチンである請求項1に記載の増粘多糖類素材。The thickening polysaccharide material according to claim 1, wherein the thickening polysaccharide is pectin. 固形の糖含有物が、粉末の糖類、粉末果汁及び乾燥果実粉砕物よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1または2に記載の増粘多糖類素材。The thickening polysaccharide material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solid sugar-containing material is at least one selected from the group consisting of powdered sugar, powdered fruit juice, and dried fruit pulverized material. 増粘多糖類単体が、粉末状、顆粒状、粒状、フレーク状のいずれかであるかあるいはこれらの混合物である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の増粘多糖類素材。The thickening polysaccharide material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickening polysaccharide alone is in the form of powder, granules, granules, flakes, or a mixture thereof. 増粘多糖類粉末に固形の糖含有物を加え、粉末のまま無水条件下で糖の溶融温度以上で加熱することを特徴とする増粘多糖類の周囲に糖含有物が付着してなる増粘多糖類素材の製造法。Thickening polysaccharides Powder sugar content of the solid was added to the sugar-containing product around the thickening polysaccharide such that under anhydrous conditions as a powder, characterized in that heating the sugar in the melting temperature or higher is adhered A method for producing thickening polysaccharide materials. 無水条件での加熱を、熱伝導性の高い金属板上で攪拌を伴って行なう請求項5に記載の製造法。The production method according to claim 5, wherein the heating under anhydrous conditions is performed with stirring on a metal plate having high thermal conductivity. 無水条件での加熱を、増粘多糖類粉末を真空包装し、レトルト加熱することによって行なう請求項5に記載の製造法。The production method according to claim 5, wherein the heating under anhydrous conditions is carried out by vacuum packing the thickened polysaccharide powder and heating it by retort. 無水条件での加熱をエクストルーダーで行なう請求項5に記載の製造法。The production method according to claim 5, wherein heating under anhydrous conditions is performed with an extruder. 増粘多糖類がペクチンである請求項5〜9のいずれかに記載の製造法。The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the thickening polysaccharide is pectin. 固形の糖含有物が、粉末の糖類、粉末果汁及び乾燥果実粉砕物よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である請求項5〜のいずれかに記載の製造法。The production method according to any one of claims 5 to 9 , wherein the solid sugar-containing material is at least one selected from the group consisting of powdered sugar, powdered fruit juice, and dried fruit pulverized product. 増粘多糖類単体が、粉末状、顆粒状、粒状、フレーク状のいずれかであるかあるいはこれらの混合物である請求項5〜1のいずれかに記載の製造法。The method according to any one of claims 5 to 10 , wherein the thickening polysaccharide alone is in the form of powder, granules, granules, or flakes, or a mixture thereof. 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の増粘多糖類素材を含有せしめてなる飲食品。A food or drink comprising the thickening polysaccharide material according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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