JP4027212B2 - Solar water heater - Google Patents

Solar water heater Download PDF

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JP4027212B2
JP4027212B2 JP2002342230A JP2002342230A JP4027212B2 JP 4027212 B2 JP4027212 B2 JP 4027212B2 JP 2002342230 A JP2002342230 A JP 2002342230A JP 2002342230 A JP2002342230 A JP 2002342230A JP 4027212 B2 JP4027212 B2 JP 4027212B2
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glass
hot water
plate
water heater
water storage
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JP2004176966A (en
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英夫 吉沢
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Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
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Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/25—Solar heat collectors using working fluids having two or more passages for the same working fluid layered in direction of solar-rays, e.g. having upper circulation channels connected with lower circulation channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/54—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings using evacuated elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
    • F24S2025/011—Arrangements for mounting elements inside solar collectors; Spacers inside solar collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S2080/501—Special shape
    • F24S2080/502—Special shape in the form of multiple covering elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、太陽光を吸収して昇温する集熱体が、本体ケースの表面側に配設された透明板体に沿って前記本体ケースに収納され、その集熱体によって前記本体ケースに収納された貯湯部内の湯水を加熱するように構成されている太陽熱温水器に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
このような太陽熱温水器では、集熱体が太陽光を効率良く吸収する必要があり、そのため、本体ケースの表面側には、板ガラスなどからなる透明板体が配設されており、従来の太陽熱温水器では、その透明板体との間に空気層を介在させた状態で集熱体が配置されていた（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開平７−９８１５７号公報（図１、図２）
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
したがって、従来の太陽熱温水器では、集熱体により太陽光を効率良く吸収して湯水を加熱することができる反面、集熱体や湯水が加熱された後において、例えば、日照時間の関係で太陽光の照射が弱くなって外気の温度が低下すると、集熱体や湯水に吸収された熱が、集熱体と透明板体との間の空気層を介して比較的短時間のうちに放出されて湯温の低下を招くという欠点があった。
【０００５】
本発明は、このような従来の欠点に着目したもので、その目的は、集熱体や湯水からの熱の放出を抑制して、結果的に効率良く温水を生成することのできる太陽熱温水器を提供することである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１の発明の特徴構成は、図１〜図６に例示するごとく、太陽光を吸収して昇温する集熱体７が、上面のみが開口された本体ケースＣの上面に配設された間隙部を有する両板ガラス３、４に沿いかつその両板ガラス３、４の下方に位置する状態で、前記本体ケースＣに収納され、その集熱体７によって前記本体ケースＣに収納された貯湯部８、１５内の湯水を加熱するように構成され、前記両板ガラス３、４が、前記間隙部を減圧状態に維持する真空複層ガラスＰであり、その真空複層ガラスＰの間隙部が、真空層５として機能するように構成され、前記両板ガラス３、４のうち、少なくとも一方がＬｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスで構成されているところにある。
【０００７】
請求項１の発明の特徴構成によれば、集熱体は太陽からの輻射により昇温するため、真空層により昇温が妨げられることはなく、しかも、昇温後においては、真空層によって熱伝導による熱の放出が抑制されるので、結果的に効率の良い温水の生成が可能となる。
【００１１】
又、請求項１の発明の特徴構成によれば、両板ガラスが、その間隙部を減圧状態に維持する真空複層ガラスであり、その真空複層ガラスの間隙部が、断熱用の真空層として機能するように構成されているので、真空複層ガラスをそのまま使用して本体ケースに組み付けることができ、その場合には、真空複層ガラスを構成する両板ガラスと本体ケースとの間に真空層用のシールを施す必要はない。
したがって、太陽熱温水器の構造を殊更複雑化することなく、太陽熱温水器の本体ケースに対して断熱用真空層を有する真空複層ガラスを簡単かつ確実に組み付けることができ、真空層に対するシールも確実に維持されて優れた断熱効果を期待することができる。
【００１２】
請求項２の発明の特徴構成は、図１〜図６に例示するごとく、前記両板ガラス３，４のうち、前記本体ケースＣの内側に配設された板ガラス４が、前記間隙部と反対側の面にＬｏｗ−ＥコーティングされたＬｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスで構成されているところにある。
【００１３】
請求項２の発明の特徴構成によれば、両板ガラスのうち、本体ケースの内側に配設された板ガラスが、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスで構成されているので、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスにより集熱体側からの熱の放射も抑制され、集熱体や湯水からの熱の放出が一層確実に抑制される。
その際、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスは、その特性により太陽光を受けてかなり高温になるが、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスは、複層ガラスを構成する内側の板ガラスであり、外気に直接触れることがないので、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスからの熱の放出も抑制され、しかも、前記間隙部と反対側の面にＬｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜６がコーティングされているので、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜６から集熱体への熱の伝導も比較的良好に行われる。
請求項３の発明の特徴構成は、前記Ｌｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスの太陽光透過率が６０％以上であるところにある。
請求項３の発明の特徴構成によれば、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜６による太陽光の吸収をできるだけ避けて、太陽熱を効率良く集めることができる。
請求項４の発明の特徴構成は、前記両板ガラスが、白板ガラスであるところにある。
請求項４の発明の特徴構成によれば、両板ガラス自体も、できる限り太陽光を吸収しないものとなる。
請求項５の発明の特徴構成は、前記真空複層ガラスの上面に、透明な強化板ガラスからなるカバー用の板ガラスが前記真空複層ガラスを覆う状態で設けられているところにある。
【００１６】
請求項６の発明の特徴構成は、図１〜図４に例示するごとく、前記貯湯部８が、管状の貯湯管により構成されて、その貯湯管８が、前記集熱体７により形成されているところにある。
【００１７】
請求項６の発明の特徴構成によれば、貯湯部が、管状の貯湯管により構成されて、その貯湯管が、集熱体により形成されているので、太陽光の吸収により昇温して湯水を加熱する集熱体そのものにより、貯湯部としての貯湯管を形成することで、構造の簡素化と部品点数の減少によるコストダウンを図ることができるとともに、集熱体から湯水への熱の伝導も、貯湯管の周囲から効率良く行うことができる。
【００１８】
なお、上述のように、図面との対照を便利にするために符号を記したが、該記入により本発明は添付図面の構成に限定されるものではない。
【００１９】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明による太陽熱温水器の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
この太陽熱温水器は、図１〜図３に示すように、例えば、建屋の屋根Ｒの上に載置可能な本体ケースＣを備え、その本体ケースＣは、金属製の板材により二重構造に構成されていて、その内部空間内に断熱材１が充填され、上面のみが開口された扁平な矩形の箱状に形成されている。
その本体ケースＣの表面側となる上面には、ほぼ全面にわたって真空複層ガラスＰが配設され、その真空複層ガラスＰと本体ケースＣとがシール材Ｓにより気密にシールされて、本体ケースＣの内部空間が外気と遮断されるとともに、真空複層ガラスＰの上面には、透明な強化板ガラスからなるカバー用の板ガラス２が配設されて真空複層ガラスＰを覆っている。
【００２０】
真空複層ガラスＰは、本体ケースＣの上面側に位置する透明板体としての透明な板ガラス３と、その板ガラス３とほぼ平行に対面して本体ケースＣの内側に位置する別の透明な板ガラス４により構成されている。
両板ガラス３，４は、多数のスペーサ（図示せず）を介在させて間隙部を有するように対面配置され、その間隙部が減圧されるとともに、気密にシールされて減圧状態に維持されて、その間隙部が断熱用の真空層５として機能するように構成されている。
真空複層ガラスＰを構成する２枚の板ガラス３，４のうち、本体ケースＣの内側に配設の板ガラス４において、真空層５と反対側の面には、低放射性能を示すＬｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜６がコーティングされている。もちろん、断熱性能を更に高めるため、真空層５に向かい合う面にもＬｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜をコーティングし、板ガラス４の両面にＬｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜をコーティングしてもよい。更に、板ガラス３において、いずれか一方の面あるいは両面にＬｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜をコーティングすることもでき、要するに、板ガラス３の両面と板ガラス４の両面のうち、少なくとも一面以上にＬｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜をコーティングして実施することができる。
また、太陽熱を効率良く集めるためには、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜による太陽光の吸収をできるだけ避けるべきであり、そのため、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスの太陽光透過率は、最低でも６０％以上とするのが望ましい。
更に、板ガラス３，４自体もできる限り太陽光を吸収しないものが望ましく、そのためには、ガラスに含まれるＦｅＯ成分を排除した、いわゆる白板ガラスを使用するのが望ましく、また、板ガラスの表面に多層膜や微細な凹凸化処理を施して、太陽光の反射ロスを低減させることも効果的である。
【００２１】
前記本体ケースＣには、カバー用の板ガラス２と真空複層ガラスＰを通して照射される太陽光を吸収して昇温する集熱体７が、真空複層ガラスＰに沿ってほぼ平行になるように収納されている。
集熱体７は、例えば、金属製の板材で構成され、その板材をプレス加工することによって、集熱体７自体に貯湯部としての管状の貯湯管８が形成されていて、貯湯管８を形成する集熱体７の外表面には、太陽光の吸収を促進し、および／または、低放射性機能を持つ、例えば、ブラッククロム、ブラックニッケル、金−酸化マグネシウムサーメットなどの選択吸収材料が被覆されている。
集熱体７は、真空複層ガラスＰとほぼ同じ平面積を有し、その全面にわたって貯湯管８が適宜湾曲されて配管され、真空複層ガラスＰと集熱体７との間に空気層９が形成されるとともに、貯湯管８の一端には加熱用の水を供給する給水部１０が、他端には加熱後の湯を排出する給湯部１１が設けられている。
【００２２】
このような構成からなる太陽熱温水器によれば、カバー用の板ガラス２と真空複層ガラスＰを通して照射される太陽光により集熱体７が昇温され、その集熱体７によって貯湯管８内の湯水が加熱され、加熱後の湯が給湯部１１から給湯されることになる。
そして、集熱体７や貯湯管８内の湯水が加熱された後においては、真空複層ガラスＰの真空層５によって外部への熱の伝導が効果的に抑制され、かつ、Ｌｏｗ−Ｅ用の特殊金属膜６がコーティングされたＬｏｗ−Ｅガラス４によって外部への熱の放射も抑制されるので、給水部１０から貯湯管８内に供給された水を効率良く加熱することができる。
【００２３】
〔別実施形態〕
つぎに、別の実施形態について説明するが、重複説明を避けるため、先の実施形態で説明した構成や同じ作用を有する構成については、同じ符号を付すことにより説明を省略し、主として先の実施形態と異なる構成についてのみ説明する。
【００２４】
（１）先の実施形態では、本体ケースＣの上面に真空複層ガラスＰを配設し、真空複層ガラスＰの上面を別の板ガラス２でカバーした構成を示したが、図４に示すように、カバー用の板ガラス２をなくして実施することもできる。
【００２６】
（２）これまでの実施形態では、集熱体７自体により貯湯部としての貯湯管８を形成した例を示したが、これら集熱体７や貯湯部については種々の変形が可能であり、その一例を示したのが図５および図６である。
この図に示す別の実施形態では、集熱体７が平坦な板状に形成され、その板状の集熱体７が、真空複層ガラスＰの内側に配置されて本体ケースＣに保持されている。本体ケースＣの底と集熱体７との間の空間が、図５において左側に位置する下端部を除いて、横方向に延びる横壁体１３により上下に区画され、かつ、図６に示すように、縦方向に延びる複数の縦壁体１４により複数に区画されて、その複数に区画された貯湯部としての貯湯室１５が形成されている。
そして、下方の貯湯室１５には、給水部１０から分岐された多数の分岐給水部１０ａが接続され、上方の貯湯室１５には、給湯部１１から分岐された多数の分岐給湯部１１ａが接続されて、貯湯室１５内の湯水が、矢印で示す方向に循環するように構成されている。
【００２７】
（３）さらに、実際の施工に際しては、太陽熱温水器とは別に、保温効果に優れた貯湯タンクなどを使用し、その貯湯タンクと太陽熱温水器の給湯部１１とを配管により接続し、加熱後の湯を順次貯湯タンクに供給して貯湯することも可能であり、この太陽熱温水器に対する配管構造などについては不問である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 太陽熱温水器の縦断側面図
【図２】 太陽熱温水器の一部拡大縦断側面図
【図３】 太陽熱温水器の横断正面図
【図４】 別の実施形態による太陽熱温水器の縦断側面図
【図５】 別の実施形態による太陽熱温水器の縦断側面図
【図６】 別の実施形態による太陽熱温水器の横断正面図
【符号の説明】
３，１２ 透明板体としての板ガラス
４ 板ガラス
５ 断熱用の真空層
６ Ｌｏｗ−Ｅ特殊金属膜
７ 集熱体
８ 貯湯部としての貯湯管
１５ 貯湯部
Ｃ 本体ケース
Ｐ 真空複層ガラス[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a heat collector that absorbs sunlight and raises its temperature is housed in the main body case along a transparent plate disposed on the surface side of the main body case, and the heat collector collects the heat in the main body case. The present invention relates to a solar water heater configured to heat hot water in a stored hot water storage section.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In such a solar water heater, it is necessary for the heat collector to absorb sunlight efficiently. Therefore, a transparent plate body made of plate glass or the like is disposed on the surface side of the main body case, and the conventional solar heat In the water heater, the heat collector is arranged in a state where an air layer is interposed between the transparent plate body (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-98157 (FIGS. 1 and 2)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, in the conventional solar water heater, the solar collector can efficiently absorb sunlight and heat hot water, but after the heat collector and hot water are heated, When light irradiation becomes weak and the temperature of the outside air decreases, the heat absorbed by the heat collector and hot water is released in a relatively short time through the air layer between the heat collector and the transparent plate. As a result, the hot water temperature was lowered.
[0005]
The present invention focuses on such conventional drawbacks, and its purpose is to suppress the release of heat from the heat collector and hot water, and as a result, a solar water heater that can efficiently generate hot water Is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
1 to 6 , the heat collector 7 that absorbs sunlight and raises the temperature is disposed on the upper surface of the main body case C that is open only on the upper surface. The hot water storage housed in the main body case C along the two glass plates 3 and 4 having a gap and positioned below the two glass plates 3 and 4 and stored in the main body case C by the heat collector 7 It is configured to heat the hot water in the parts 8 and 15, the both glass plates 3 and 4 are vacuum double-glazed glass P that maintains the gap in a reduced pressure state, and the gap of the vacuum double-glazed glass P is The two glass plates 3, 4 are configured to function as the vacuum layer 5, and at least one of the glass plates 3, 4 is formed of a plate glass with Low-E coating .
[0007]
According to a feature configuration of the invention of claim 1, for heating by radiation from the current Netsutai the sun, not the Atsushi Nobori is prevented by the vacuum layer, moreover, after Atsushi Nobori, the heat by a vacuum layer Since release of heat due to conduction is suppressed, it is possible to generate hot water efficiently.
[0011]
Further, according to the characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 1, both glazing is a vacuum double glazing to maintain the gap in a reduced pressure state, the gap portion of the vacuum double glazing is a vacuum layer for thermal insulation Since it is configured to function as a vacuum double-layer glass, it can be used as it is and assembled to the main body case. In that case, a vacuum is formed between the two glass plates constituting the vacuum double-layer glass and the main body case. There is no need to provide a layer seal.
Therefore, without complicating the structure of the solar water heater, the vacuum double-glazed glass having the heat insulating vacuum layer can be easily and reliably assembled to the main body case of the solar water heater, and the seal against the vacuum layer is also ensured. It can be expected to have an excellent heat insulation effect.
[0012]
The characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 2 is that, as illustrated in FIGS . 1 to 6 , the plate glass 4 disposed on the inner side of the main body case C among the plate glasses 3 and 4 is opposite to the gap portion. It is in the place comprised with the plate glass with Low-E coating by which Low-E coating was carried out to the surface of this.
[0013]
According to the characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 2 , the plate glass disposed inside the main body case among the both plate glasses is composed of the plate glass with Low-E coating , so the plate glass with Low-E coating. Thus, radiation of heat from the heat collector is also suppressed, and release of heat from the heat collector and hot water is more reliably suppressed.
At that time, the plate glass with Low-E coating is subjected to sunlight due to its characteristics, and becomes considerably high temperature. However, the plate glass with Low-E coating is an inner plate glass constituting the multi-layer glass, and directly into the outside air. since there is no touching, even the release of heat from the Low-E coated glass plate is suppressed, moreover, since the Low-E special metal film 6 on the surface opposite to the front SL gap is coated, low- Conduction of heat from the E special metal film 6 to the heat collector is relatively good.
The characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 3 is that the solar light transmittance of the plate glass with Low-E coating is 60% or more.
According to the characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 3, solar heat can be efficiently collected while avoiding absorption of sunlight by the Low-E special metal film 6 as much as possible.
The characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 4 resides in that the both plate glasses are white plate glasses.
According to the characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 4, the two glass plates themselves do not absorb sunlight as much as possible.
The characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 5 resides in that a glass plate for cover made of transparent tempered glass is provided on the upper surface of the vacuum glass so as to cover the vacuum glass.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , the hot water storage section 8 is constituted by a tubular hot water storage pipe, and the hot water storage pipe 8 is formed by the heat collector 7. Is where you are.
[0017]
According to the characteristic configuration of the invention of claim 6, the hot water storage section is constituted by a tubular hot water storage pipe, and the hot water storage pipe is formed by the heat collector, so that the temperature of the hot water storage is increased by absorption of sunlight. By forming a hot water storage pipe as a hot water storage section with the heat collector itself that heats the battery, it is possible to reduce the cost by simplifying the structure and reducing the number of parts, and conducting heat from the heat collector to the hot water Also, it can be carried out efficiently from around the hot water storage pipe.
[0018]
In addition, as mentioned above, although the code | symbol was written in order to make contrast with drawing convenient, this invention is not limited to the structure of an accompanying drawing by this entry.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a solar water heater according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, this solar water heater includes a main body case C that can be placed on the roof R of a building, for example, and the main body case C has a double structure by a metal plate material. The heat insulating material 1 is filled in the internal space, and it is formed in the shape of a flat rectangular box whose upper surface is opened.
A vacuum double-glazed glass P is disposed on almost the entire upper surface of the main body case C, and the vacuum double-glazed glass P and the main case C are hermetically sealed by a sealing material S. The internal space of C is cut off from the outside air, and a cover plate glass 2 made of a transparent tempered glass plate is disposed on the upper surface of the vacuum double-layer glass P to cover the vacuum double-layer glass P.
[0020]
The vacuum double-glazed glass P is a transparent plate glass 3 as a transparent plate located on the upper surface side of the main body case C, and another transparent plate glass facing the plate glass 3 substantially parallel to the inner side of the main case C. 4.
The two glass plates 3 and 4 are arranged facing each other with a plurality of spacers (not shown) so as to have a gap, and the gap is decompressed and hermetically sealed and maintained in a decompressed state. The gap portion is configured to function as a heat insulating vacuum layer 5.
Of the two glass plates 3 and 4 constituting the vacuum double-glazed glass P, the plate glass 4 disposed on the inner side of the main body case C has a Low-E exhibiting low radiation performance on the surface opposite to the vacuum layer 5. A special metal film 6 is coated. Of course, in order to further improve the heat insulation performance, the Low-E special metal film may be coated on the surface facing the vacuum layer 5, and the Low-E special metal film may be coated on both surfaces of the plate glass 4. Further, the plate glass 3 can be coated with a Low-E special metal film on either one or both sides. In short, at least one of the both sides of the plate glass 3 and the plate glass 4 is low-E special metal. It can be carried out by coating the membrane.
In order to collect solar heat efficiently, absorption of sunlight by the Low-E special metal film should be avoided as much as possible. Therefore, the solar transmittance of the plate glass with Low-E coating is at least 60% or more. It is desirable to do.
Further, it is desirable that the plate glasses 3 and 4 themselves do not absorb sunlight as much as possible. For that purpose, it is desirable to use so-called white plate glass in which the FeO component contained in the glass is excluded, and a multilayer on the surface of the plate glass. It is also effective to reduce the reflection loss of sunlight by applying a film or fine unevenness treatment.
[0021]
In the main body case C, a heat collector 7 that absorbs sunlight irradiated through the cover plate glass 2 and the vacuum multilayer glass P and raises the temperature so as to be substantially parallel along the vacuum multilayer glass P. It is stored in.
The heat collector 7 is made of, for example, a metal plate material, and the plate material is pressed to form a tubular hot water storage pipe 8 as a hot water storage portion on the heat collector 7 itself. The outer surface of the heat collector 7 to be formed is coated with a selective absorption material such as black chrome, black nickel, gold-magnesium oxide cermet, etc., which promotes the absorption of sunlight and / or has a low radiation function. Has been.
The heat collector 7 has substantially the same plane area as the vacuum double-glazed glass P, and a hot water storage tube 8 is appropriately bent over the entire surface thereof, and an air layer is provided between the vacuum double-glazed glass P and the heat collector 7. 9 is formed, and at one end of the hot water storage tube 8, a water supply unit 10 for supplying water for heating is provided, and at the other end, a hot water supply unit 11 for discharging hot water after heating is provided.
[0022]
According to the solar water heater having such a configuration, the heat collector 7 is heated by sunlight irradiated through the cover glass plate 2 and the vacuum double-glazed glass P, and the heat collector 7 causes the inside of the hot water storage tube 8 to be heated. The hot water is heated, and the heated hot water is supplied from the hot water supply section 11.
And after the hot water in the heat collecting body 7 or the hot water storage pipe 8 is heated, conduction of heat to the outside is effectively suppressed by the vacuum layer 5 of the vacuum double-glazed glass P, and for Low-E. Since the radiation of heat to the outside is also suppressed by the Low-E glass 4 coated with the special metal film 6, the water supplied from the water supply unit 10 into the hot water storage pipe 8 can be efficiently heated.
[0023]
[Another embodiment]
Next, although another embodiment will be described, in order to avoid redundant description, the description of the configuration described in the previous embodiment and the configuration having the same action is omitted by attaching the same reference numerals, and the previous implementation is mainly performed. Only the configuration different from the form will be described.
[0024]
(1) In the previous embodiment, the structure in which the vacuum multilayer glass P is disposed on the upper surface of the main body case C and the upper surface of the vacuum multilayer glass P is covered with another plate glass 2 is shown in FIG. as, Ru can also be carried out without a glass sheet 2 for the cover.
[0026]
(2) In the embodiments so far, the example in which the hot water storage pipe 8 as the hot water storage section is formed by the heat collection body 7 itself has been shown, but various modifications can be made to the heat collection body 7 and the hot water storage section, An example thereof is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 .
In another embodiment shown in this figure, the heat collector 7 is formed in a flat plate shape, and the plate-like heat collector 7 is disposed inside the vacuum double-glazed glass P and held in the main body case C. ing. The space between the bottom and Atsumarinetsutai 7 of the main body case C, except a lower end portion located on the left side in FIG. 5, the transverse wall 13 extending laterally is partitioned into upper and lower, and, as shown in FIG. 6 In addition, a hot water storage chamber 15 is formed as a hot water storage section partitioned into a plurality of sections by a plurality of vertical wall bodies 14 extending in the vertical direction.
The lower hot water storage chamber 15 is connected to a large number of branched water supply portions 10 a branched from the water supply portion 10, and the upper hot water storage chamber 15 is connected to a large number of branched hot water portions 11 a branched from the hot water supply portion 11. Then, the hot water in the hot water storage chamber 15 is configured to circulate in the direction indicated by the arrow.
[0027]
To (3) of al, in actual construction, apart from the solar water heater, using, for example, excellent hot water storage tank to thermal effect, and a hot water supply unit 11 of the hot water storage tank and solar water heater is connected by a pipe, It is also possible to supply hot water after heating to a hot water storage tank in order and store the hot water, and the piping structure for this solar water heater is unquestioned.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Vertical side view of a solar water heater [Fig. 2] Partially enlarged vertical side view of a solar water heater [Fig. 3] Transverse front view of a solar water heater [Fig. 4] Vertical section of a solar water heater according to another embodiment Side view [Fig. 5] Longitudinal side view of a solar water heater according to another embodiment [Fig. 6] Transverse front view of a solar water heater according to another embodiment [Explanation of symbols]
3,12 Glass plate as transparent plate 4 Plate glass 5 Vacuum layer for heat insulation 6 Low-E special metal film 7 Heat collector 8 Hot water storage tube as hot water storage portion 15 Hot water storage portion C Body case P Vacuum double layer glass

Claims (6)

太陽光を吸収して昇温する集熱体が、上面のみが開口された本体ケースの上面に配設された間隙部を有する両板ガラスに沿いかつその両板ガラスの下方に位置する状態で、前記本体ケースに収納され、その集熱体によって前記本体ケースに収納された貯湯部内の湯水を加熱するように構成され、
前記両板ガラスが、前記間隙部を減圧状態に維持する真空複層ガラスであり、その真空複層ガラスの間隙部が、断熱用の真空層として機能するように構成され、
前記両板ガラスのうち、少なくとも一方がＬｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスで構成されている太陽熱温水器。In a state where the heat collector that raises the temperature by absorbing the sunlight is positioned along and under the two glass plates having a gap portion disposed on the upper surface of the main body case having only the upper surface opened , It is stored in the main body case, and is configured to heat the hot water in the hot water storage section stored in the main body case by the heat collector,
The two glass plates are vacuum double-glazed glass that maintains the gap in a reduced pressure state, and the gap of the vacuum double-glazed glass is configured to function as a vacuum layer for heat insulation,
The solar water heater in which at least one is comprised with the plate glass with Low-E coating among the said both plate glass . 前記両板ガラスのうち、前記本体ケースの内側に配設された板ガラスが、前記間隙部と反対側の面にＬｏｗ−Ｅコーティングされた前記Ｌｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスで構成されている請求項１に記載の太陽熱温水器。 The plate glass disposed inside the main body case among the both plate glasses is composed of the Low-E coated plate glass that is Low-E coated on the surface opposite to the gap portion. The solar water heater described. 前記Ｌｏｗ−Ｅコーティング付き板ガラスの太陽光透過率が６０％以上である請求項１または２に記載の太陽熱温水器。The solar water heater according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the solar light transmittance of the plate glass with Low-E coating is 60% or more . 前記両板ガラスが、白板ガラスである請求項１または２に記載の太陽熱温水器。The solar water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the both plate glasses are white plate glasses . 前記真空複層ガラスの上面に、透明な強化板ガラスからなるカバー用の板ガラスが前記真空複層ガラスを覆う状態で設けられている請求項１または２に記載の太陽熱温水器。The solar water heater according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a plate glass for cover made of transparent tempered glass is provided on an upper surface of the vacuum double-glazed glass so as to cover the vacuum double-glazed glass . 前記貯湯部が、管状の貯湯管により構成されて、その貯湯管が、前記集熱体により形成されている請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の太陽熱温水器。  The solar water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hot water storage section is configured by a tubular hot water storage pipe, and the hot water storage pipe is formed by the heat collector.
JP2002342230A 2002-11-26 2002-11-26 Solar water heater Expired - Fee Related JP4027212B2 (en)

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US9109812B2 (en) 2008-08-25 2015-08-18 Hunter Douglas Inc. Solar heating cells and support apparatus therefor
WO2010101239A1 (en) 2009-03-06 2010-09-10 国立大学法人 琉球大学 Solar light (heat) absorbing material, and heat absorber/storage material and solar light (heat) absorber/control material each comprising the solar light (heat) absorbing material
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