JP4019577B2 - Electric power steering motor core - Google Patents

Electric power steering motor core Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4019577B2
JP4019577B2 JP34233699A JP34233699A JP4019577B2 JP 4019577 B2 JP4019577 B2 JP 4019577B2 JP 34233699 A JP34233699 A JP 34233699A JP 34233699 A JP34233699 A JP 34233699A JP 4019577 B2 JP4019577 B2 JP 4019577B2
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Prior art keywords
power steering
electric power
less
hysteresis loss
motor core
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JP34233699A
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JP2001158949A (en
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孝 寒川
善彦 尾田
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車のパワーステアリングシステムにおける、電動パワーステアリングモータコに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
自動車のパワーステアリングシステムは、自動車の消費エネルギーの3〜5%を占め、エアコンと並んでエネルギー消費の多い装置である。従来のパワーステアリングシステムは油圧により操舵を補助していたが、本システムでは油圧ポンプが常にエンジンにより駆動されているため、直進走行時にもエネルギーが消費されるという問題があった。この無駄を解消するため、モータにより操舵を補助する電動パワーステアリング(以下、EPSと略す)システムが開発されている。EPSシステムではコーナリング時等の操舵補助が必要なときのみモータに電流を流しパワーをアシストするため、油圧システムに比べ燃費が2〜3%程度向上する。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、このようなEPSシステムにおいては、小型、高トルクの観点から永久磁石を使用するPMモータが使用されている。しかし、PMモータでは操舵後、比較的大きなロストルクが生じることから、旋回後直進状態になるまでに時間遅れが発生し、このため操舵感が油圧方式に比べ劣るという問題があった。
【0004】
本発明はこのような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、ロストルクが小さ、EPSモータコを提供することを課題とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の骨子は、CaをCa/Sとして適量添加し良好なヒステリシス特性を有する無方向性珪素鋼板を用いることにより、ロストルクが小さいEPSモータコを得ることにある。
【0006】
すなわち、前記課題を解決するための手段は、永久磁石を使用する電動パワーステアリングモータコアであって、そのモータコア材として、重量%でC:0.005%以下、Si:4%以下、Al:1%以下、S:0.03%以下、Mn:0.05〜1.5%、P:0.2%以下、N:0.005%以下を含み、さらにCaを0.5≦Ca/S≦3の範囲で含有し、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなり、ヒステリシス損が 0.049J/kg 以下である鋼板を用いた電動パワーステアリングモータコアである。
【0007】
明細書において、鋼の成分を示す%はすべて重量%であり、ppmも重量ppmである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明者らがEPSモータコア材として好適な材料すなわちロストルクが小さい材料について検討した結果、このロストルクは機械損とコア材料のヒステリシス損に起因することを見いだした。さらにEPSモータコア材としてヒステリシス損の低い材料について検討を進めた結果、無方向性珪素鋼板が最適であり、特にCaをCa/Sとして適量添加した鋼板を用いることで良好なヒステリシス特性を有する材料が得られることを見いだした。
【0009】
以下、本発明に至る経緯を実験結果に基づいて詳細に説明する。
最初に、ヒステリシス損に及ぼすCa/Sの影響を調査するため、C:0.0025%、Si:0.20%、Mn:0.30%、P:0.10%、Al=0.20%、S=0.0020%、N=0.0020%とし、Ca量をtr.〜70ppmの範囲で変化させた鋼をラボ溶解し、熱延後、酸洗を行った。その後、板厚0.50mmまで冷間圧延し、10%H2-90%N2雰囲気で800℃×1min間の仕上焼鈍を行ない、さらに100%N2雰囲気で750℃×2hrの磁性焼鈍を施した。図1に、このようにして得られたサンプルのCa/Sと1.5Tまで磁化した場合の周波数1Hz当たりのヒステリシス損の関係を示す。ここで磁気特性の測定は25cmエプスタイン法にて行い、ヒステリシス損は50、60Hzの鉄損より2周波法にて計算した。
【0010】
図1より、Ca/Sが、0.5〜3.0の範囲のときに、ヒステリシス損が大幅に低下することがわかる。これは、CaがMnSよりも化学的に安定な硫化物を形成し、スラブ加熱時に再固溶せず、粗大な硫化物を形成して磁性焼鈍時の粒成長を向上させる効果によるものである。Ca/S<0.5では、Sを硫化物として固定するためのCaが不十分となりMnSが形成され、ヒステリシス損が増大する。一方、Ca/S>3.0では、過剰のCaが鋼中の酸化物と反応して微細なCaOが生成され、粒成長を妨げるためヒステリシス損が増大する。以上より、本発明ではCa をCa/S:0.5以上3以下の範囲で含有させる。
【0011】
次に、その他の成分の限定理由について説明する。
Siは鋼板の固有抵抗を上げるために有効な元素であるが、4%を超えると磁束密度が低下しEPSモータを駆動する際のトルクが低下するため、上限を4%とした。なおモータ駆動時のトルクとはモータに電流を流している際のトルクである。
【0012】
AlはSiと同様、固有抵抗を上げるために有効な元素であるが、1%を超えると磁束密度が低下しEPSモータを駆動する際のトルクが低下するため上限を1%とした。
【0013】
Cは0.005%超えでは磁束密度が低下し、EPSモータを駆動する際のトルクが低下するため0.005%以下とする。
【0014】
Mnは熱間圧延時の赤熱脆性を防止するために0.05%以上必要であるが、1.5%超えになると磁束密度の低下を招き、EPSモータを駆動する際のトルクが低下するため0.05〜1.5%とした。
【0015】
Pは鋼板の打ち抜き性を改善するために必要な元素であるが、0.2%を超えて添加すると鋼板が脆化するため0.2%以下とした。
【0016】
Nは0.005%超えになるとヒステリシス損を増大させるため0.005%以下とした。
【0017】
Sは、その混入量が0.03%超えになるとCaを添加してもヒステリシス損の改善が期待できないので0.03%以下とする必要がある。
【0018】
次に電動パワーステアリングモータコア用鋼板の製造方法について説明する。
本発明においては、成分およびCa/Sが所定の範囲内であれば、製造方法は通常の方法でかまわない。すなわち、転炉で吹練した溶鋼を脱ガス処理し所定の成分に調整し、引き続き鋳造、熱間圧延を行う。熱間圧延時の仕上焼鈍温度、巻取り温度は特に規定する必要はなく、通常でかまわない。また、熱延後の熱延板焼鈍は行っても良いが必須ではない。次いで一回の冷間圧延、もしくは中間焼鈍をはさんだ2回以上の冷間圧延により所定の板厚とした後、仕上焼鈍を行なう。仕上焼鈍後の磁性焼鈍は行なってもよいが必須ではない。
【0019】
【実施例】
転炉で吹練した溶鋼を脱ガス処理し表1の成分に調整後鋳造し、スラブを1140℃で1hr加熱した後、板厚2.3mmまで熱間圧延を行った。熱延仕上げ温度は800℃とし、巻取り温度は680℃とした。その後、板厚0.50mmまで冷間圧延を行い、10%H2-90%N2雰囲気で表1に示す条件で仕上焼鈍を行った。さらに、100%N2雰囲気で750℃×2hrの磁性焼鈍を施した。
【0020】
磁気特性の測定は25cmエプスタイン法にて行った。ヒステリシス損は、1.5Tまで磁化した場合の周波数1Hz当たりのヒステリシス損とし、エプスタイン法にて得られた50、60Hzの鉄損より2周波法にて計算して評価した。各鋼板の磁気特性を表1に併せて示す。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 0004019577
【0022】
これより、成分およびCa/Sを本発明の範囲に制御したNo.1〜No.3の本発明鋼は、ヒステリシス損が低く磁束密度が高い鋼板が得られている事が分かる。
【0023】
これに対し、No.4の比較鋼はSの量が、本発明の範囲を外れているので、ヒステリシス損が高くかつ磁束密度が低くなっている。No.5の比較鋼はCa/Sが、本発明の範囲を外れ低くなっているので、ヒステリシス損が高くかつ磁束密度が低くなっている。No.6の比較鋼はCa/Sが、本発明の範囲を外れ高くなっているので、ヒステリシス損が高くなっている。
【0024】
また、No.7の比較鋼はCの量が、No.8の比較鋼はSiの量が、No.9の比較鋼はMnの量が、それぞれ本発明の範囲を外れているので、磁束密度が低くなっている。No.10の比較鋼はNの量が、本発明の範囲を外れているので、ヒステリシス損が高くかつ磁束密度が低くなっている。No.11の比較鋼はAlの量が、本発明の範囲を外れているので、磁束密度が低くなっている。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によればヒステリシス損の低い鋼板を得ることができ、EPSモータのロストルク低減に効果的な電動パワーステアリングモータコを得ることができる。
【0026】
さらに、高磁束密度が得られるので、モータ駆動時に高トルクが得られ操舵性にも優れる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 Ca/Sとヒステリシス損との関係を示す図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, in an automotive power steering system, the present invention relates to an electric power steering motor core.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The power steering system for automobiles accounts for 3 to 5% of the energy consumption of automobiles and is a device with high energy consumption along with air conditioners. The conventional power steering system assists steering by hydraulic pressure. However, in this system, since the hydraulic pump is always driven by the engine, there is a problem in that energy is consumed even when traveling straight ahead. In order to eliminate this waste, an electric power steering (hereinafter abbreviated as EPS) system that assists steering by a motor has been developed. The EPS system assists the power by supplying current to the motor only when steering assistance is required, such as during cornering, so fuel efficiency is improved by 2-3% compared to the hydraulic system.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in such an EPS system, a PM motor using a permanent magnet is used from the viewpoint of small size and high torque. However, since a relatively large loss torque occurs after steering in the PM motor, there is a problem that a time delay occurs until the vehicle goes straight after turning, and the steering feeling is inferior to that of the hydraulic system.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in order to solve these problems, the loss torque is less, and to provide an EPS motor code A.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Gist of the present invention, by using a non-oriented silicon steel sheet having excellent hysteresis characteristics adding an appropriate amount of Ca as Ca / S, is to obtain a small EPS motor code authors torque loss.
[0006]
That is, the means for solving the above-mentioned problem is an electric power steering motor core using a permanent magnet, and the motor core material is C: 0.005% or less, Si: 4% or less, Al: 1% or less in weight%. , S: 0.03% or less, Mn: 0.05 to 1.5%, P: 0.2% or less, N: 0.005% or less, further containing Ca in the range of 0.5 ≦ Ca / S ≦ 3, the balance Fe and inevitable impurities This is an electric power steering motor core using a steel plate having a hysteresis loss of 0.049 J / kg or less .
[0007]
In the present specification, all the percentages indicating the components of steel are% by weight, and ppm is also ppm by weight.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As a result of studying a material suitable for the EPS motor core material, that is, a material having a small loss torque, the present inventors have found that this loss torque is caused by a mechanical loss and a hysteresis loss of the core material. Furthermore, as a result of studying materials with low hysteresis loss as EPS motor core materials, non-oriented silicon steel plates are the best. Especially, materials with good hysteresis characteristics can be obtained by using steel plates with appropriate amounts of Ca added as Ca / S. I found out that I could get it.
[0009]
Hereinafter, the background to the present invention will be described in detail based on experimental results.
First, in order to investigate the influence of Ca / S on hysteresis loss, C: 0.0025%, Si: 0.20%, Mn: 0.30%, P: 0.10%, Al = 0.20%, S = 0.020%, N = 0.0020 %, And the amount of Ca was changed in the range of tr. To 70 ppm. The steel was melted in the laboratory, and after hot rolling, pickling was performed. After that, it is cold-rolled to a thickness of 0.50 mm, and finish-annealed at 800 ° C for 1 min in a 10% H 2 -90% N 2 atmosphere, and then magnetically annealed at 750 ° C. for 2 hours in a 100% N 2 atmosphere. did. FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the Ca / S of the sample thus obtained and the hysteresis loss per frequency of 1 Hz when magnetized to 1.5T. Here, the magnetic properties were measured by the 25 cm Epstein method, and the hysteresis loss was calculated by the two-frequency method from the iron loss at 50 and 60 Hz.
[0010]
From FIG. 1, it can be seen that the hysteresis loss is greatly reduced when Ca / S is in the range of 0.5 to 3.0. This is due to the effect that Ca forms sulfide that is chemically more stable than MnS, does not re-dissolve during slab heating, and forms coarse sulfide to improve grain growth during magnetic annealing. . When Ca / S <0.5, Ca for fixing S as a sulfide is insufficient, MnS is formed, and hysteresis loss increases. On the other hand, when Ca / S> 3.0, excess Ca reacts with the oxide in the steel to generate fine CaO, which hinders grain growth and increases hysteresis loss. From the above, in the present invention, Ca is contained in the range of Ca / S: 0.5 or more and 3 or less.
[0011]
Next, the reasons for limiting other components will be described.
Si is an effective element for increasing the specific resistance of the steel sheet, but if it exceeds 4%, the magnetic flux density decreases and the torque when driving the EPS motor decreases, so the upper limit was set to 4%. The torque when the motor is driven is the torque when a current is passed through the motor.
[0012]
Al, like Si, is an effective element for increasing the specific resistance. However, if it exceeds 1%, the magnetic flux density decreases and the torque when driving the EPS motor decreases, so the upper limit was set to 1%.
[0013]
If C exceeds 0.005%, the magnetic flux density decreases and the torque when driving the EPS motor decreases.
[0014]
Mn needs to be 0.05% or more to prevent red hot brittleness during hot rolling, but if it exceeds 1.5%, the magnetic flux density will decrease and the torque when driving the EPS motor will decrease. It was.
[0015]
P is an element necessary for improving the punchability of the steel sheet, but if added over 0.2%, the steel sheet becomes brittle, so it was made 0.2% or less.
[0016]
When N exceeds 0.005%, the hysteresis loss is increased.
[0017]
If the amount of S exceeds 0.03%, it is not possible to expect an improvement in hysteresis loss even if Ca is added.
[0018]
Next, the manufacturing method of the steel plate for electric power steering motor cores is demonstrated.
In the present invention, as long as the components and Ca / S are within a predetermined range, the production method may be a normal method. That is, the molten steel blown in the converter is degassed and adjusted to a predetermined component, and then casting and hot rolling are performed. The finish annealing temperature and the coiling temperature during hot rolling need not be specified and may be normal. Moreover, although hot-rolled sheet annealing after hot rolling may be performed, it is not essential. Next, after finishing a predetermined thickness by one cold rolling or two or more cold rollings with intermediate annealing, finish annealing is performed. Magnetic annealing after finish annealing may be performed, but is not essential.
[0019]
【Example】
The molten steel blown in the converter was degassed, adjusted to the components shown in Table 1 and cast, and the slab was heated at 1140 ° C. for 1 hour and then hot rolled to a thickness of 2.3 mm. The hot rolling finishing temperature was 800 ° C and the winding temperature was 680 ° C. Thereafter, cold rolling was performed to a plate thickness of 0.50 mm, and finish annealing was performed in a 10% H 2 -90% N 2 atmosphere under the conditions shown in Table 1. Furthermore, magnetic annealing was performed at 750 ° C. for 2 hours in a 100% N 2 atmosphere.
[0020]
Magnetic properties were measured by the 25 cm Epstein method. Hysteresis loss was determined as the hysteresis loss per frequency of 1 Hz when magnetized to 1.5 T, and was calculated and evaluated by the 2-frequency method from the 50 and 60 Hz iron loss obtained by the Epstein method. Table 1 shows the magnetic properties of each steel sheet.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004019577
[0022]
From this, it can be seen that the steels of No. 1 to No. 3 of the present invention in which the components and Ca / S are controlled within the range of the present invention have obtained steel sheets with low hysteresis loss and high magnetic flux density.
[0023]
In contrast, the No. 4 comparative steel has a high hysteresis loss and a low magnetic flux density because the amount of S is outside the range of the present invention. The comparative steel of No. 5 has a high hysteresis loss and a low magnetic flux density because Ca / S is low outside the scope of the present invention. The comparative steel of No. 6 has a high hysteresis loss because Ca / S is high outside the range of the present invention.
[0024]
In addition, the No. 7 comparative steel has an amount of C, the No. 8 comparative steel has an Si amount, and the No. 9 comparative steel has an Mn amount outside the scope of the present invention. The density is low. The comparative steel of No. 10 has a high hysteresis loss and a low magnetic flux density because the amount of N is outside the scope of the present invention. The No. 11 comparative steel has a low magnetic flux density because the amount of Al is outside the scope of the present invention.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention it is possible to obtain a low steel hysteresis loss, you can obtain an effective electric power steering motor core to loss torque reduction of the EPS motor.
[0026]
Furthermore, since a high magnetic flux density is obtained, a high torque is obtained when the motor is driven, and the steering performance is excellent.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between Ca / S and hysteresis loss.

Claims (1)

永久磁石を使用する電動パワーステアリングモータコアであって、そのモータコア材として、重量%でElectric power steering motor core that uses permanent magnets. CC : 0.0050.005 %以下、%Less than, SiSi : 4Four %以下、%Less than, AlAl : 11 %以下、%Less than, SS : 0.030.03 %以下、%Less than, MnMn : 0.050.05 ~ 1.51.5 %、%, PP : 0.20.2 %以下、%Less than, NN : 0.0050.005 %以下を含み、さらに% Or less, and CaCa The 0.50.5 CaCa / SS 3Three の範囲で含有し、残部In the range of FeFe および不可避的不純物からなり、ヒステリシス損がAnd inevitable impurities, hysteresis loss 0.049J/kg0.049J / kg 以下である鋼板を用いた電動パワーステアリングモータコア。Electric power steering motor core using the following steel plate.
JP34233699A 1999-12-01 1999-12-01 Electric power steering motor core Expired - Fee Related JP4019577B2 (en)

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