JP4014848B2 - Waste treatment system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste treatment system for treating waste, and in particular, it is possible to obtain clean gas extremely efficiently while suppressing the generation of harmful substances from various wastes including organic matter, and recovering effective energy. Further, the present invention relates to a waste treatment system capable of establishing gas recycling and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there are systems that utilize pyrolysis by dry distillation (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-24904, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-79548, etc.) as a processing system for general waste including organic matter or industrial waste. In this processing system, when separating organic waste containing metal, energy is recovered from the generated gas.
[0003]
For example, in these treatment systems, waste is pulverized with a shredder and then pyrolyzed under high heat in a pyrolysis furnace to separate it into pyrolysis gas and solid matter. Next, after separating the metal contained in the solid material, the solid material and the pyrolysis gas are converted into a high-temperature heating gas by adding an oxidizing agent or coke if necessary.
[0004]
The secondary material discharged from such a processing system is divided into a material used as an energy source in the same process and a material discharged from the processing system. With this processing system, recyclable materials can be manufactured and processed with minimal energy.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described known technology and other conventional processing systems do not always sufficiently suppress the generation of harmful gases, and the clean gas recovery efficiency or recyclability is low. Furthermore, there are problems such as low processing capacity and low device durability, and the actual situation is that the technology has not yet become established for the treatment of waste containing organic matter.
[0006]
That is, in order to decompose the high molecular hydrocarbons contained in the organic pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace into low molecular hydrocarbons, it is necessary to perform gas reforming in a high temperature environment around 1000 ° C. However, in order to obtain this high temperature, a significant portion of the pyrolysis gas is burned in the gas reformer, so there is room for improvement in terms of recovery efficiency. Further, even in the step of gasifying a solid material, a high temperature of about 1400 ° C. is required to melt and detoxify the metal oxide contained therein, and in order to obtain this high temperature, a large amount of combustible components in the solid material are required. The part has been burned.
[0007]
This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, The waste which can improve the gasification of the organic substance contained in waste, and can further improve the collection rate of combustible gas further An object is to provide a processing system.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The present invention is supplied from a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing waste to be treated, a gas reformer for reforming pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis into combustible gas, and the gas reformer. A first heat exchanger that cools the combustible gas, a gasification melting furnace that generates combustible gas and molten slag by gasifying and melting the solid residue discharged from the pyrolysis furnace, and a gasification melting furnace A second heat exchanger for cooling the supplied combustible gas, and a gas purification device for removing harmful components in the combustible gas generated in the gas reformer and the gasification melting furnace, respectively,Provided with an oxidant injection mechanism in the gas reformer or gasification melting furnace,The combustible gas from which harmful components have been removed by the gas purification device is returned through the return line while controlling the flow rate upstream from the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the waste treatment system,The temperature of the combustible gas at the inlet of the first heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas is lower than the control temperature of the gas reformer + 300 ° C. The temperature of the combustible gas at the inlet of the second heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas Is a waste treatment system characterized by being lower than the control temperature of the gasification melting furnace + 300 ° C.
[0009]
The present invention is the waste treatment system, wherein the gas reformer has a fire wall that forms a reaction space, and a difference between the fire wall outer surface temperature and the ambient temperature is 50 ° C. or less.
[0010]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that a double wall having an internal space is provided on the outer surface of a fire wall of a gas reformer.
[0011]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the internal space of the double wall of the gas reformer is filled with air.
[0012]
The present invention is a waste treatment system in which a heat insulating material is filled in an internal space of a double wall of a gas reformer.
[0013]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the internal space of the double wall of the gas reformer is evacuated.
[0014]
The present invention is a waste treatment system in which an oxidizing agent injection mechanism of a gas reformer injects an oxidizing agent having a concentration exceeding the average oxygen concentration in the atmosphere into the gas reformer.
[0015]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the oxidizing agent injection mechanism of the gas reformer injects dried air as an oxidizing agent.
[0016]
The present invention is a waste treatment system in which an oxidant injection mechanism of a gas reformer injects oxygen-enriched air as an oxidant.
[0017]
The present invention is a waste treatment system in which an oxidant injection mechanism of a gas reformer injects oxygen as an oxidant.
[0019]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the gasification melting furnace has a fire wall that forms a reaction space, and the difference between the fire wall outer surface temperature and the ambient temperature is 50 ° C. or less.
[0020]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that a double wall having an internal space is provided on the outer surface of a refractory wall of a gasification melting furnace.
[0021]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the internal space of the double wall of the gasification melting furnace is filled with air.
[0022]
The present invention is a waste treatment system in which a heat insulating material is filled in an internal space of a double wall of a gasification melting furnace.
[0023]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the internal space of the double wall of the gas reformer is evacuated.
[0024]
The present invention is a waste treatment system in which an oxidant injection mechanism of a gasification melting furnace injects an oxidant having a concentration exceeding an average oxygen concentration in the atmosphere into the gasification melting furnace.
[0025]
The present invention is a waste treatment system in which an oxidizing agent injection mechanism of a gasification melting furnace injects dried air as an oxidizing agent.
[0026]
The present invention is a waste treatment system in which an oxidant injection mechanism of a gasification melting furnace injects oxygen-enriched air as an oxidant.
[0027]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the oxidizing agent injection mechanism of the gasification melting furnace injects oxygen as an oxidizing agent.
[0029]
The present invention is supplied from a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing waste to be treated, a gas reformer for reforming pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis into combustible gas, and the gas reformer. A first heat exchanger that cools the combustible gas, a gasification melting furnace that generates combustible gas and molten slag by gasifying and melting the solid residue discharged from the pyrolysis furnace, and a gasification melting furnace A second heat exchanger for cooling the supplied combustible gas, and a gas purification device for removing harmful components in the combustible gas generated in the gas reformer and the gasification melting furnace, respectively,The combustible gas from which harmful components have been removed by the gas purification deviceUpstream of the first and second heat exchangersWhatWhile controlling the flow rateThe temperature of the combustible gas at the inlet of the first heat exchanger that returns through the return line and cools the combustible gas is lower than the control temperature of the gas reformer + 300 ° C., and the second heat exchanger cools the combustible gas. The waste treatment system is characterized in that the temperature of the combustible gas at the inlet is lower than the control temperature of the gasification melting furnace + 300 ° C.
[0030]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the return line of the combustible gas from the gas purification apparatus is connected to the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace.
[0031]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the return line of the combustible gas from the gas purification device is connected to the inlet of the gas reformer.
[0032]
The present invention is a waste treatment system characterized in that the return line of the combustible gas from the gas purification apparatus is connected to the inlet of the gasification melting furnace.
[0033]
The present invention is the waste treatment system, wherein the return line of the combustible gas from the gas purification device is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger.
[0034]
In the present invention, there are two or more return lines of the combustible gas from the gas purification device among the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the inlet of the gas reformer, the inlet of the gasification melting furnace, and the inlet of the first heat exchanger. It is a waste disposal system characterized by being connected to.
[0035]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 21 are views showing a first embodiment of a waste treatment system according to the present invention.
[0036]
As shown in FIG. 1, a waste treatment system 1 includes a pyrolysis furnace 2 that pyrolyzes waste to be treated to generate pyrolysis gas, and combustible pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolysis furnace 2. A gas reformer 3 for reforming into a combustible gas, a first heat exchanger 4 for cooling the combustible gas generated in the gas reformer 3, and a dust component from the combustible gas that has passed through the first heat exchanger 4 And a bug filter 5 for removing the.
[0037]
Moreover, the solid residue discharged | emitted from the pyrolysis furnace 2 is sent to the gasification melting furnace 7, and a gasification melting process is carried out, and combustible gas and molten slag are produced | generated. The combustible gas generated from the gasification melting furnace 7 is cooled by the second heat exchanger 8 and merges with the combustible gas that has passed through the bag filter 5. Thereafter, the combustible gas after merging is discharged to the outside as a clean gas after removing harmful components in the combustible gas in the scrubber (gas purification device) 6.
[0038]
On the other hand, the sewage generated from the scrubber 6 is processed in the water treatment device 9.
[0039]
The gas reformer 3 and the gasification melting furnace 7 are respectively provided with oxidant injection mechanisms 3a and 7a for injecting an oxidant.
[0040]
As shown in FIG. 2, the gas reformer 3 has a refractory wall 10 that forms a reaction space 10a therein. The refractory wall 10 includes a pyrolysis gas and an oxidant sent from the pyrolysis furnace 2. An inlet 11 through which an oxidant injected from the injection mechanism 3a flows is provided. A control thermometer 12 is installed in the reaction space 10 a of the fire wall 10.
[0041]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, general waste or industrial waste is crushed to a size of about 100 mm at the maximum, further dried as necessary, and then put into the pyrolysis furnace 2. In the pyrolysis furnace 2, the waste is indirectly heated at a temperature equal to or higher than the pyrolysis temperature of the organic compound, that is, 400 to 650 ° C. under the condition that air is shut off. By this indirect heating, the organic compound contained in the waste is thermally decomposed into gas and solid residue.
[0042]
The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 2 is sent to the gas reformer 3. In the gas reformer 3, the introduced pyrolysis gas is reacted with the oxidant injected from the oxidant injection mechanism 3a, and a high temperature of 900 to 1200 ° C. is obtained by efficiently using the heat of reaction at this time. Thus, the reforming of the high molecular weight hydrocarbon in the pyrolysis gas to the low molecular weight hydrocarbon can be performed completely. At this time, harmful dioxins in the gas reformer 3 can be completely decomposed and rendered harmless by this high-temperature heating. Next, the reformed combustible gas is introduced into the first heat exchanger 4, and the introduced gas is rapidly cooled to 230 to 160 ° C. within a few seconds by direct cooling or indirect cooling. Thereafter, the combustible gas from the first heat exchanger 4 is dust-removed by the bag filter 5 and then guided to the scrubber 6 to remove harmful components.
[0043]
On the other hand, the solid residue generated in the pyrolysis furnace 2 is sent to the gasification melting furnace 7. In the gasification melting furnace 7, the introduced solid residue is reacted with the oxidant injected from the oxidant injection mechanism 7a, and the reaction heat at this time is efficiently used to obtain a high temperature of 1200 to 1600 ° C., The carbon in the solid residue is gasified to carbon monoxide. Further, in the gasification melting furnace 7, the ash in the solid residue is melted and recovered as slag by the reaction heat. The combustible gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide generated in the gasification melting furnace 7 is introduced into the second heat exchanger 8 and rapidly cooled within several seconds by direct cooling or indirect cooling in the second heat exchanger 8. Is done.
[0044]
The combustible gas from the gasification melting furnace 7 cooled in the second heat exchanger 8 merges with the combustible gas from the gas reformer 3 and is introduced into the scrubber 6. The scrubber 6 converts the generated combustible gas into clean fuel gas (clean gas) by one or a combination of two or more of dust removal, water cleaning, alkaline solution cleaning, acidic solution cleaning, and solid adsorbent cleaning. To do.
[0045]
As described above, in the gas reformer 3 and the gasification melting furnace 7, by efficiently utilizing the heat of reaction between the pyrolysis gas and the solid residue and the oxidant, the amount of recovered combustible gas as the fuel gas can be reduced. Can be increased. During this time, as shown in FIG. 2, in the gas reformer 3, the outer surface temperature of the refractory wall 10 is maintained at the outer ambient temperature + 50 ° C. or lower.
[0046]
Next, a modification of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The modification shown in FIG. 3 differs only in the configuration of the gas reformer. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
[0047]
As shown in FIG. 3, a double wall 15 having an internal space 15 a is provided on the outer surface of the fire wall 10 of the reformer 3. According to this Embodiment, the heat insulation of the fire wall 10 of the reformer 3 can be improved.
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 4, the internal space 15 a in the double wall 15 of the reformer 3 described in FIG. 3 may be filled with an air layer 16.
[0049]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat insulating material 17 may be filled in the internal space 15 a in the double wall 15 of the reformer 3 described in FIG. 3.
[0050]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the internal space 15a in the double wall 15 of the reformer 3 described in FIG.
[0051]
The modification shown in FIG. 7 is different only in the configuration of the gas reformer. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
[0052]
As shown in FIG. 7, an oxidant having an oxygen concentration exceeding the average oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is injected into the gas reformer 3 as an oxidant from the oxidant injection mechanism 3a of the gas reformer 3.
[0053]
As shown in FIG. 8, dried air may be injected into the gas reformer 3 as an oxidant from the oxidant injection mechanism 3 a of the gas reformer 3.
[0054]
As shown in FIG. 9, oxygen-enriched air may be injected into the gas reformer 3 from the oxidant injection mechanism 3 a of the gas reformer 3 as an oxidant.
[0055]
As shown in FIG. 10, oxygen may be injected into the gas reformer 3 as an oxidant from the oxidant injection mechanism 3 a of the gas reformer 3.
[0056]
Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the combustible gas temperature at the inlet of the first heat exchanger 4 is preferably smaller than the control temperature in the gas reformer 3 + 300 °.
[0057]
In the modification shown in FIG. 12, the gasification melting furnace 7 has a specific configuration. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
[0058]
As shown in FIG. 12, the gasification melting furnace 7 has a refractory wall 20 forming a reaction space 20a. The refractory wall 20 includes a solid residue sent from the pyrolysis furnace 2 and an oxidant injection mechanism 7a. An inlet 21 for injecting an oxidant to be injected is provided. A control thermometer 22 is installed in the reaction space 20 a of the fire wall 20.
[0059]
In addition, the outer surface of the fire wall 20 is kept at the outside ambient temperature + 50 ° C. or lower.
[0060]
The modification shown in FIG. 13 is provided with a double wall 25 having an internal space 25a on the outer surface of the refractory wall 20 of the gasification melting furnace 7, and the others are substantially the same as the modification shown in FIG. . In FIG. 13, the heat insulation of the gasification melting furnace 7 can be improved.
[0061]
As shown in FIG. 14, the internal space 25 a in the double wall 25 of the gasification melting furnace 7 described in FIG. 13 may be filled with an air layer 26.
[0062]
Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the heat insulating material 17 may be filled in the internal space 25 a in the double wall 25 of the gasification melting furnace 7 described in FIG. 13.
[0063]
Further, as shown in FIG. 16, the internal space 25a in the double wall 25 of the gasification melting furnace 7 described in FIG.
[0064]
The modification shown in FIG. 17 is different only in the configuration of the gasification melting furnace 7. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
[0065]
As shown in FIG. 17, an oxidizing agent having an oxygen concentration exceeding the average oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is injected into the gasifying and melting furnace 7 as an oxidizing agent from the oxidizing agent injection mechanism 7 a of the gasifying and melting furnace 7.
[0066]
As shown in FIG. 18, dried air may be injected into the gasification melting furnace 7 as an oxidizing agent from the oxidizing agent injection mechanism 7 a of the gasification melting furnace 7.
[0067]
Further, as shown in FIG. 19, oxygen-enriched air may be injected into the gasification melting furnace 7 from the oxidant injection mechanism 7 a of the gasification melting furnace 7 as an oxidant.
[0068]
As shown in FIG. 20, oxygen may be injected into the gasification melting furnace 7 from the oxidant injection mechanism 7 a of the gasification melting furnace 7 as an oxidant.
[0069]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 21, the combustible gas temperature at the inlet of the second heat exchanger 8 is preferably lower than the control temperature in the gasification melting furnace 7 + 300 ° C.
[0070]
Second embodiment
22 to 35 are views showing a second embodiment of the waste treatment system according to the present invention.
[0071]
As shown in FIG. 22, the waste treatment system 1 includes a pyrolysis furnace 2 that pyrolyzes waste to be treated to generate pyrolysis gas, and combustible pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolysis furnace 2. A gas reformer 3 for reforming into a combustible gas, a first heat exchanger 4 for cooling the combustible gas generated in the gas reformer 3, and a dust component from the combustible gas sent through the first heat exchanger 4 And a bug filter 5 for removing the.
[0072]
The solid residue discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 2 is sent to the gasification and melting furnace and gasified and melted. The combustible gas generated from the gasification and melting furnace 7 that generates combustible gas and molten slag is the first. 2 Cooled by the heat exchanger 8 and merged with the combustible gas that has passed through the bag filter 5. Thereafter, the combustible gas after merging is discharged to the outside as a clean gas after removing harmful components in the combustible gas in the scrubber (gas purification device) 6.
[0073]
On the other hand, the sewage generated from the scrubber 6 is processed in the water treatment device 9. Further, combustible gas (clean gas) from the scrubber 6 is supplied via the return line 30 to the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2, the inlet of the gas reformer 3, the inlet of the first heat exchanger 4, and the gasification melting furnace. 7 is returned to the entrance.
[0074]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described. As shown in FIG. 22, general waste or industrial waste is crushed to a size of about 100 mm at the maximum, further dried as necessary, and then put into the pyrolysis furnace 2. In the pyrolysis furnace 2, waste is indirectly heated at a temperature equal to or higher than the pyrolysis temperature of the organic compound, that is, 400 to 650 ° C. under the condition that the air is shut off. By this indirect heating, the organic compound contained in the waste is thermally decomposed into gas and solid residue.
[0075]
The pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 2 is sent to the gas reformer 3. In the gas reformer 3, the introduced pyrolysis gas is reacted with the oxidant injected from the oxidant injection mechanism 3a. At this time, by efficiently using the heat of reaction, a high temperature of 900 to 1200 ° C. can be obtained, and the reforming from the high molecular weight hydrocarbon in the pyrolysis gas to the low molecular weight hydrocarbon can be performed completely. At this time, harmful dioxins in the gas reformer 3 can be completely decomposed and rendered harmless by this high-temperature heating. Next, the reformed combustible gas is introduced into the first heat exchanger 4 and rapidly cooled to 230 to 160 ° C. to recover heat. Thereafter, the combustible gas from the first heat exchanger 4 is dust-removed by the bag filter 5 and then guided to the scrubber 6 to remove harmful components.
[0076]
On the other hand, the solid residue generated in the pyrolysis furnace 2 is sent to the gasification melting furnace 7. In the gasification melting furnace 7, the introduced solid residue is reacted with the oxidant injected from the oxidant injection mechanism 7a, and the reaction heat at this time is efficiently used to obtain a high temperature of 1200 to 1600 ° C., The carbon in the solid residue is gasified to carbon monoxide. Further, in the gasification melting furnace 7, the ash in the solid residue is melted and recovered as slag by the reaction heat. The combustible gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide generated in the gasification melting furnace 7 is introduced into the second heat exchanger 8 and rapidly cooled to recover the heat.
[0077]
The combustible gas from the gasification melting furnace 7 cooled in the second heat exchanger 8 merges with the combustible gas from the gas reformer 3 and is introduced into the scrubber 6. The scrubber 6 converts the generated combustible gas into clean fuel gas (clean gas) by one or a combination of two or more of dust removal, water cleaning, alkaline solution cleaning, acidic solution cleaning, and solid adsorbent cleaning. To do.
[0078]
In the present embodiment, in this way, in the gas reformer 3 and the gasification melting furnace 7, the organic compound or carbon derived from the waste can be converted into a useful fuel gas using a high temperature field. Further, in order to effectively use the heat energy in the high temperature field used for the gas conversion, the first and second heat exchangers 4 and 8 are installed in the subsequent stage of the gas reformer 3 and the gasification melting furnace 7.
[0079]
In order to maintain the performance of the first and second heat exchangers 4 and 8 at a high value and to ensure the stability of the operation of the system, it is effective to always control the temperature and flow rate of the flowing fluid to the optimum values. It is. Therefore, for this optimum value control, the clean gas from the scrubber 6 is returned to the upstream side of the first and second heat exchangers 4 and 8 via the return line 30, that is, the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2, the gas reformer. 3 and return to the inlet of the first heat exchanger 4 and the inlet of the gasification melting furnace 7 while controlling the flow rate. Thereby, the temperature and flow rate of the fluid at the inlets of the first and second heat exchangers 4 and 8 can always be controlled to optimum values.
[0080]
In this case, the entire amount of the clean gas from the scrubber 6 may be returned via the return line 30, or a part of the clean gas may be returned from the scrubber 6 via the return line 30.
[0081]
Next, a modification of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, in the modification shown in FIG. 23, external energy is supplied to the gas reformer 3 and the gasification melting furnace 7 from the external energy supply unit 3b and the external energy supply unit 7b. 23, the other configuration is substantially the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.
[0082]
In FIG. 23, since external energy is supplied to the gas reformer 3 and the gasification melting furnace 7 from the external energy supply units 3b and 7b, the gas reformer 3 and the gasification melting furnace 7 together with the clean gas from the return line 30. Can be heated appropriately.
[0083]
Further, as shown in FIG. 24, external energy may be supplied from the external energy supply units 2b, 3b, 7b to the pyrolysis furnace 2, the gas reformer 3, and the gasification melting furnace 7. 24, the other configuration is substantially the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.
[0084]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 25, electric energy may be supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 2, the gas reformer 3, and the gasification melting furnace 7 from the external energy supply units 2b, 3b, and 7b, respectively. 25, the other configuration is substantially the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22. The same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.
[0085]
The modification shown in FIG. 26 differs in the configuration of the return line 30, but in FIG. 26, the other configurations are substantially the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. A detailed description is omitted with reference numerals.
[0086]
As shown in FIG. 26, the clean gas exiting from the scrubber 6 is returned to the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2 via the return line 30. The pyrolysis furnace 2 is supplied with external energy from an external energy supply unit 2b.
[0087]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 27, the clean gas exiting from the scrubber 6 may be returned to the inlet of the reformer 3 through the return line 30. 27, the other configuration is substantially the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.
[0088]
As shown in FIG. 27, clean gas is supplied to the reformer 3, and external energy is supplied from the external energy supply unit 3b.
[0089]
The modification shown in FIG. 28 differs in the configuration of the return line 30, but in FIG. 28, the other configurations are substantially the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. A detailed description is omitted with reference numerals.
[0090]
As shown in FIG. 28, the clean gas exiting from the scrubber 6 is returned to the inlet of the gasification melting furnace 7 via the return line 30.
[0091]
The gasification melting furnace 7 is supplied with external fuel from the external energy supply unit 7b. The gasification melting furnace 7 is appropriately heated by clean gas and external fuel.
[0092]
29 differs in the configuration of the return line 30, but in FIG. 29, the other configurations are substantially the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. A detailed description is omitted with reference numerals.
[0093]
As shown in FIG. 29, the clean gas exiting from the scrubber 6 is returned to the inlet of the first heat exchanger 4 via the return line 30.
[0094]
In the modification shown in FIG. 30, an external energy supply unit 3b is provided in the gas reformer 3, and external energy is supplied into the gas reformer 3 from the external energy supply unit 3b. In FIG. 30, other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.
[0095]
31 is different in the configuration of the return line 30, but in FIG. 31, the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. A detailed description is omitted with reference numerals.
[0096]
As shown in FIG. 31, the clean gas exiting from the scrubber 6 is returned to the inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2 via the return line 30.
[0097]
Further, the pyrolysis furnace 2 is supplied with electric energy from the external energy supply unit 2b, and the pyrolysis furnace 2 can be appropriately heated with clean gas and electric energy.
[0098]
32 is different in the configuration of the return line 30, but in FIG. 31, the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. A detailed description is omitted with reference numerals.
[0099]
As shown in FIG. 31, the clean gas exiting from the scrubber 6 is returned to the inlet of the gas reformer 3 via the return line 30.
[0100]
Further, the gas reformer 3 is supplied with electric energy from the external energy supply unit 3b, so that the gas reformer 3 can be appropriately heated with clean gas and electric energy.
[0101]
The modification shown in FIG. 33 differs in the configuration of the return line 30, but in FIG. 33, the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. The same reference numerals are assigned and detailed description is omitted.
[0102]
As shown in FIG. 33, the clean gas exiting the scrubber 6 is returned to the inlet of the gasification melting furnace 7 via the return line 30.
[0103]
Further, the gasification melting furnace 7 is supplied with electric energy from the external energy supply unit 7b, so that the gasification melting furnace 7 can be appropriately heated with clean gas and electric energy.
[0104]
34 differs in the configuration of the return line 30, but in FIG. 34, the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. The same reference numerals are assigned and detailed description is omitted.
[0105]
As shown in FIG. 34, the clean gas exiting from the scrubber 6 is returned to the inlet of the first heat exchanger 4 via the return line 30.
[0106]
In the modification shown in FIG. 35, the gas reformer 3 and the gasification melting furnace 7 are provided with external energy supply units 3b and 7b, respectively. 35, the other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, and the same parts as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.
[0107]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, gasification of organic substances in waste can be improved. Further, the recovery rate of the generated combustible gas can be stabilized and improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a waste treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the gas reformer shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a reformer showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a reformer showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a reformer showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a reformer showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste treatment system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a detailed view of a reformer showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a detailed view of a reformer showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a detailed view of a reformer showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a detailed view of a reformer showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a detailed view of a reformer showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 21 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 22 is an overall configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of a waste treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 23 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 24 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste treatment system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 25 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 26 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 27 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 28 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 29 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 30 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 31 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 32 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste treatment system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 33 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 34 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 35 is an overall configuration diagram of a waste disposal system showing a modification of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Waste treatment system
2 Pyrolysis furnace
2b External energy supply unit
3 Gas reformer
3a Oxidant injection mechanism
3b External energy supply unit
4 1st heat exchanger
5 Bug filters
6 Scrubber
7 Gasification melting furnace
7a Oxidant injection mechanism
7b External energy supply unit
8 Second heat exchanger
9 Water treatment equipment
10 fire wall
10a reaction space
15 Double wall
20 fire wall
20a reaction space
25 double wall

Claims (25)

A pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing the waste to be treated;
A gas reformer for reforming the pyrolysis gas generated by this pyrolysis into a combustible gas;
A first heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas supplied from the gas reformer;
A gasification and melting furnace for generating combustible gas and molten slag by gasifying and melting the solid residue discharged from the pyrolysis furnace;
A second heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas supplied from the gasification melting furnace,
And a gas purifying device for removing harmful components in the combustible gas to each generate a gas reformer and gasification melting furnace,
An oxidant injection mechanism is provided in the gas reformer or gasification melting furnace,
The combustible gas from which harmful components have been removed by the gas purification device is returned through the return line while controlling the flow rate upstream from the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the waste treatment system,
The temperature of the combustible gas at the inlet of the first heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas is lower than the control temperature of the gas reformer + 300 ° C.,
The waste treatment system, wherein the temperature of the combustible gas at the inlet of the second heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas is lower than the control temperature of the gasification melting furnace + 300 ° C.   2. The waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the gas reformer has a fire wall that forms a reaction space, and a difference between an outer wall temperature of the fire wall and an ambient temperature is 50 ° C. or less.   The waste treatment system according to claim 2, wherein a double wall having an internal space is provided on the outer surface of the fire wall of the gas reformer.   4. The waste treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the internal space of the double wall of the gas reformer is filled with air.   4. The waste treatment system according to claim 3, wherein a heat insulating material is filled in the internal space of the double wall of the gas reformer.   The waste treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the internal space of the double wall of the gas reformer is evacuated.   The waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the oxidant injection mechanism of the gas reformer injects an oxidant having a concentration exceeding an average oxygen concentration in the atmosphere into the gas reformer.   The waste treatment system according to claim 7, wherein the oxidizing agent injection mechanism of the gas reformer injects dried air as an oxidizing agent.   The waste treatment system according to claim 7, wherein the oxidant injection mechanism of the gas reformer injects oxygen-enriched air as an oxidant.   The waste treatment system according to claim 7, wherein the oxidant injection mechanism of the gas reformer injects oxygen as an oxidant.   The waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the gasification melting furnace has a fire wall that forms a reaction space, and a difference between the fire wall outer surface temperature and the ambient temperature is 50 ° C. or less.   12. The waste treatment system according to claim 11, wherein a double wall having an internal space is provided on the outer surface of the refractory wall of the gasification melting furnace.   The waste treatment system according to claim 12, wherein the internal space of the double wall of the gasification melting furnace is filled with air.   The waste treatment system according to claim 12, wherein a heat insulating material is filled in an internal space of the double wall of the gasification melting furnace. The waste treatment system according to claim 12, wherein the internal space of the double wall of the gasification melting furnace is evacuated.   The waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent injection mechanism of the gasification melting furnace injects an oxidizing agent having a concentration exceeding the average oxygen concentration in the atmosphere into the gasification melting furnace.   The waste treatment system according to claim 16, wherein the oxidizing agent injection mechanism of the gasification melting furnace injects dried air as an oxidizing agent.   The waste treatment system according to claim 16, wherein the oxidizing agent injection mechanism of the gasification melting furnace injects oxygen-enriched air as an oxidizing agent.   The waste treatment system according to claim 16, wherein the oxidizing agent injection mechanism of the gasification melting furnace injects oxygen as an oxidizing agent. A pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing the waste to be treated;
A gas reformer for reforming the pyrolysis gas generated by this pyrolysis into a combustible gas;
A first heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas supplied from the gas reformer;
A gasification and melting furnace for generating combustible gas and molten slag by gasifying and melting the solid residue discharged from the pyrolysis furnace;
A second heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas supplied from the gasification melting furnace,
And a gas purifying device for removing harmful components in the combustible gas to each generate a gas reformer and gasification melting furnace,
The combustible gas from which harmful components have been removed by the gas purification device is returned through the return line while controlling the flow rate upstream from the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the waste treatment system,
The temperature of the combustible gas at the inlet of the first heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas is lower than the control temperature of the gas reformer + 300 ° C.,
The waste treatment system, wherein the temperature of the combustible gas at the inlet of the second heat exchanger for cooling the combustible gas is lower than the control temperature of the gasification melting furnace + 300 ° C.   21. The waste treatment system according to claim 20, wherein a return line of the combustible gas from the gas purification device is connected to an inlet of the pyrolysis furnace.   21. The waste treatment system according to claim 20, wherein a return line of the combustible gas from the gas purification device is connected to an inlet of the gas reformer.   21. The waste treatment system according to claim 20, wherein a return line of the combustible gas from the gas purification device is connected to an inlet of the gasification melting furnace.   21. The waste treatment system according to claim 20, wherein the return line of the combustible gas from the gas purification device is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger.   The return line of the combustible gas from the gas purification apparatus is connected to two or more of the pyrolysis furnace inlet, the gas reformer inlet, the gasification melting furnace inlet, and the first heat exchanger inlet. 21. The waste disposal system according to claim 20, wherein

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