JP3996088B2 - Sediment drilling suction device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sediment excavation and suction device for excavating sediment without damaging buried objects in the sediment.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As equipment for excavating earth and sand, equipment that excavates mechanically, such as excavators and augers, is mainly used, but when there is an embedded object in the earth and sand, it is excavated without damaging the embedded object. Therefore, a drilling method using compressed air is adopted.
[0003]
In this excavation method, compressed air is blown onto the earth and sand through the excavation nozzle to break the surface, and then the earth and sand are sucked and excavated through the suction nozzle. Conventionally, the excavation nozzle and the suction nozzle are provided separately and separately, and since the blowing of compressed air and the suction of earth and sand must be performed separately, the efficiency is poor. In particular, when the operation has to be performed remotely, it is necessary to provide an actuating device for each nozzle, leading to deterioration in work efficiency and operability.
[0004]
Therefore, in recent years, an apparatus in which an excavation nozzle for blowing compressed air to earth and sand and a suction nozzle for sucking earth and sand is provided integrally has been used (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0005]
The apparatus of Patent Document 1 blows compressed air from an excavation nozzle provided at the inner peripheral edge of the suction cylinder, and sucks the earth and sand that has collapsed from the center side of the suction cylinder. It is something that delves into.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2901733 gazette
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when excavating a buried object, it is required to excavate while moving the suction cylinder laterally in order to excavate the earth and sand uniformly in the horizontal direction. However, in the above-described apparatus, since the drilling nozzle for blowing the compressed air to the ground is provided at the inner peripheral edge of the suction cylinder, the compressed air blown from the drilling nozzle behind the moving direction is wasted. There was a problem.
[0008]
Therefore, it is conceivable to provide the excavation nozzle only in the moving direction inside the suction cylinder. However, this causes a new problem that the lateral movement is limited to one direction.
[0009]
Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a sediment excavation and suction device capable of excavation while freely reciprocating during lateral movement.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that compressed air is blown toward the ground surface in a suction cylinder formed in a cylindrical shape provided to stand substantially vertically on the ground to be excavated. The excavation nozzle is provided, and the earth and sand on the ground are destroyed by the compressed air blown from the excavation nozzle, and the excavation sediment is sucked together with the suction air from the lower end of the suction cylinder while the suction cylinder is moved laterally. In the excavation and suction device, a header is provided outside the suction cylinder, a drilling nozzle for blowing compressed air is connected to the header, and the drilling nozzle extends to the center of the cross section of the suction cylinder and then hangs down. It is composed.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the excavation nozzle includes an extension part connected to the header and extending to the center of the cross section of the suction cylinder, and a vertical part having a predetermined length connected to the tip of the extension part. It is a thing.
[0012]
The invention of claim 3 is provided with a drilling nozzle for drilling by blowing compressed air toward the ground in a suction cylinder formed in a cylindrical shape provided to stand substantially vertically on the ground to be drilled, In the earth and sand excavation and suction device for digging by digging up the excavated sediment with the suction air from the lower end of the suction cylinder while laterally moving the suction cylinder while compressing the earth and sand with the compressed air blown from the drilling nozzle, Forming a widened portion projecting outward at the lower part, providing headers before and after the moving direction of the suction cylinder outside the widened portion, respectively connecting a drilling nozzle for blowing compressed air to each header; Each drilling nozzle is configured to extend to the enlarged diameter portion in the suction cylinder and then hang down, and the front and rear drilling nozzles are sprayed with compressed air using only the drilling nozzle in front of the moving direction. It is those that you have configured.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 2, the earth and sand excavation and suction device 1 according to the present embodiment includes an air excavator main body 3 provided facing the ground 2, and earth and sand that separates air and sand sucked by the air excavator main body 3. A separation tank 4, a suction device 5 for sucking air from the air excavator body 3 through the earth and sand separation tank 4, and a compressor 6 for supplying compressed air to the air excavator body 3 are provided.
[0015]
The air excavator body 3 and the earth and sand separation tank 4, and the earth and sand separation tank 4 and the suction device 5 are connected to each other via a suction hose 7. The air excavator body 3 and the compressor 6 are connected via a compressed air hose 8.
[0016]
The suction device 5 includes a filter 9 for removing dust remaining in the air from the earth and sand separation tank 4 and a blower 11 for sucking air from the tip of the air excavator body 3. A screw conveyor (not shown) for discharging the removed dust is provided below the filter 9.
[0017]
In the figure, reference numeral 12 denotes a cleaning water recovery tank for storing cleaning water 16 for cleaning the inside of the air excavator body 3 and the suction hose 7. A water supply hose 13 connected to the air excavator main body 3 is connected to the cleaning water recovery tank 12, and a pump 14 for supplying cleaning water 16 into the air excavator main body 3 is provided in the middle of the water supply hose 13. Yes. A recovery hose 15 connected to the sediment separation tank 4 is connected to the cleaning water recovery tank 12, and the cleaning water 16 that has flowed through the air excavator body 3 and the suction hose 7 during the cleaning is recovered through the sediment separation tank 4. It is like that.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 1, the air excavator main body 3 includes a suction cylinder 21 that is formed in a cylindrical shape standing substantially vertically on the ground 2 to be excavated, and a suction cylinder 21 provided in the suction cylinder 21 on the ground 2. And a drilling nozzle 22 that blows compressed air toward it. The air excavator main body 3 is configured to crush the earth and sand on the ground 2 with compressed air blown from the excavation nozzle 22 and to inhale excavation earth and sand together with suction air from the lower end of the suction cylinder 21 for excavation.
[0019]
The lower portion 21b of the suction cylinder 21 is formed in a square shape having a cross section of about 100 mm on a side, for example. A screw fitting 23 is provided at the upper end of the suction cylinder 21, and the suction cylinder 21 is connected to the suction hose (see FIG. 2) 7 via the screw fitting 23. In addition, the lower part 21b of the suction cylinder 21 can be replaced so that the shape can be changed according to the earth and sand to be excavated.
[0020]
By the way, in the present embodiment, a header 24 is provided outside the side wall of the suction cylinder 21, and a drilling nozzle 22 for blowing compressed air is connected to the header 24. It is characterized in that it extends to the center and then hangs down toward the ground 2.
[0021]
The excavation nozzle 22 includes an extension part 22b connected to the header 24 and extending to the center of the cross section of the suction cylinder 21, and a vertical part 22c having a predetermined length connected to the tip of the extension part 22b. A nozzle tip 22d is provided at the tip of the vertical portion 22c. The nozzle tip 22d has an inner diameter of about φ8 mm or φ10 mm, and can be replaced so that the inner diameter can be changed according to the earth and sand to be excavated.
[0022]
The vertical portion 22c is at least five times longer than the nozzle diameter. The tip of the excavation nozzle 22 is disposed so as to have a height substantially equal to the lower end of the suction cylinder 21.
[0023]
The extending part 22b passes through the side wall of the suction cylinder 21 and is inserted therein. The extending part 22b connects the header 24 and the vertical part 22c in a substantially straight line, and is configured such that the length from the header 24 to the tip of the excavation nozzle 22 is the shortest.
[0024]
A plurality of excavation nozzles 22 (three in this embodiment) are provided, and a plurality of extending portions 22 b are connected to a compressed air hose 8 extending from the compressor 6 via a header 24. Each excavation nozzle 22 is linearly aligned in the lateral direction so as to be parallel to one side of the inner peripheral surface of the suction cylinder 21. The nozzle tip 22d is provided facing downward so as to blow compressed air perpendicularly to the ground 2.
[0025]
A water supply hose 13 for cleaning water (see FIG. 2) 16 is connected to the suction cylinder 21, and the cleaning water 16 is supplied into the suction cylinder 21 during cleaning. The water supply hose 13 extends and is connected to the compressed air hose 8 side, and the cleaning water 16 is supplied to the excavation nozzle 22 for cleaning. An electromagnetic valve 25 is provided between the water supply hose 13 and the compressed air hose 8 so as to switch the supply of the compressed air and the cleaning water 16 to the excavation nozzle 22.
[0026]
A bracket 26 for connecting the tip of an arm such as a manipulator or a power shovel is provided on the side of the suction cylinder 21, and the air excavator main body 3 is moved by moving the manipulator or the power shovel. It has become. In the present embodiment, the air excavator body 3 is moved laterally in a direction orthogonal to the alignment direction of the excavation nozzles 22.
[0027]
A brush member 31 that covers between the suction cylinder 21 and the ground 2 is provided at the lower end of the suction cylinder 21. The brush member 31 is formed by bundling linear bodies 32 made of carbon or the like in a flat shape so as to have a predetermined thickness. The linear body 32 is bundled by sandwiching its upper end between two plates 33. The brush member 31 is formed by being divided in the side direction of the suction cylinder 21. Specifically, the brush member 31 is formed corresponding to the length of one side of the suction cylinder 21, and is fixed through bolts or the like by causing the plate 33 to abut against the outer peripheral four surfaces of the lower end of the suction cylinder 21 in an airtight manner.
[0028]
The brush member 31 is formed to have a height of about 100 mm, and the lower end of the suction cylinder 21 is slightly lower than the height of 100 mm from the ground, that is, the lower end of the brush member 31 is always in contact with the ground 2. The air excavator body 3 is supported.
[0029]
On the outer peripheral side of the brush member 31, an extension covering member 34 that allows a predetermined amount of air to pass while covering a gap between the earth and sand that has been lowered by excavation and the lower end of the brush member 31 is provided movably up and down.
[0030]
The extension covering member 34 is formed by being divided in the side direction of the suction cylinder 21. Specifically, the extension covering member 34 is formed corresponding to the length of one side of the suction cylinder 21 and is provided on each of the four surfaces of the suction cylinder 21.
[0031]
The extension covering member 34 is made of, for example, a rubber plate 35 made of natural rubber having a thickness of about 10 mm, and slits (not shown) extending in the vertical direction are formed at a predetermined pitch at the lower end. The rubber plate 35 can allow a predetermined amount of air to flow into the suction cylinder 21 by appropriately squeezing the portion between the slits inside the suction cylinder 21.
[0032]
A grip portion 37 for gripping the rubber plate 35 is formed on the upper portion of the rubber plate 35, and a rod 38 extending in the vertical direction is provided on the upper portion.
[0033]
A gripping portion 41 having a hole through which the rod 38 is slidably inserted is provided on the side surface of the suction cylinder 21 so as to support the rod 38 so as to be movable up and down.
[0034]
An extension cylinder 45 for moving the extension covering member 34 up and down is provided on the upper portion of the rod 38. The telescopic cylinder 45 is supported on the side surface of the suction cylinder 21 via a bracket 46. The telescopic cylinders 45 provided on each surface of the suction cylinder 21 can be individually expanded and contracted, and the respective extension covering members 34 are individually movable up and down.
[0035]
The compressed air hose 8 that sends compressed air to the excavation nozzle 22 is provided with a diaphragm valve 47. By setting the opening and closing time of the diaphragm valve 47, the compressed air blowing time is adjusted. (For example, it blows out 0.1 sec every 1 sec).
[0036]
In order to excavate earth and sand with the earth and sand excavation and suction device 1 having the above-described configuration, first, the extension covering member 34 is raised, and the lower end of the extension covering member 34 and the lower end of the brush member 31 are set to the same height. The air excavator body 3 is moved and set by a manipulator, a power shovel or the like so that the lower end of the member 31 is in contact with the ground 2 to be excavated.
[0037]
Then, the suction device 5 and the compressor 6 are driven to start excavation of the ground 2. The suction flow rate of the suction cylinder 21 is set to 60 m ³ / min, and the excavation pressure of the excavation nozzle 22 is set to 0.7 MPa. At this time, in the present embodiment, by providing the header 24 on the outside of the suction cylinder 21, the reduction in the suction section in the suction cylinder 21 can be minimized (only the section of the excavation nozzle 22). Compared with the case where the header 24 is inside the suction cylinder 21, it is possible to greatly suppress a decrease in suction force. Further, it is possible to minimize the sucked earth and sand from falling on the excavation nozzle 22 and the like.
[0038]
Further, since the vertical portion 22c of the header 24 and the excavation nozzle 22 is connected in a substantially straight line by the extending portion 22b, the distance between the header 24 and the tip of the excavation nozzle 22 can be shortened, and the compression sprayed on the ground 2 Air pressure drop can be minimized.
[0039]
Since the brush member 31 allows a predetermined amount of air to pass through while covering the gap between the suction cylinder 21 and the ground 2, if the brush member 31 is in contact with the ground 2, the earth and sand will be efficiently sucked, and Thus, even if the height adjustment between the suction cylinder 21 and the ground 2 is not performed severely, the suction efficiency does not decrease, and the operation of the manipulator, the power shovel, etc. can be simplified. Furthermore, since the brush member 31 can prevent the earth and sand from being blown out of the suction cylinder 21 by the compressed air blown from the excavation nozzle 22, the suction efficiency is improved.
[0040]
Moreover, since the compressed air is intermittently blown from the excavation nozzle 22 by the diaphragm valve 47, the blown up earth and sand are efficiently sucked from the suction cylinder 21. This is because the earth and sand rolled upward from the surface of the ground 2 are not blown away around and below by being intermittently blown out, and approach the suction port of the suction cylinder 21.
[0041]
And a manipulator, a power shovel, etc. are operated, and the air excavator main body 3 is laterally moved in a direction orthogonal to the alignment of the excavation nozzles 22. At this time, since the excavation nozzle 22 excavates the ground 2 wider than the traveling direction, no excavation residue is generated and the ground 2 can be excavated uniformly. Further, since the excavation nozzle 22 is integrally accommodated in the suction cylinder 21, the operability is good and the operation can be easily performed even by remote operation.
[0042]
As the excavation progresses, as shown in FIG. 1, a groove 48 is formed behind the lateral movement, so that a gap is generated in the lower part of the brush member 31, but here the extended covering member 34 of that portion is lowered. Let the gap close. Since the extension covering member 34 is provided with slits in the lower part at a predetermined pitch, the rubber plate 35 between the slits is appropriately wound and the predetermined amount of air is taken into the suction cylinder 21 while closing the gap. This makes it possible to suction the earth and sand efficiently.
[0043]
When excavation progresses and the suction cylinder 21 advances to the moving end of the manipulator or power shovel, the suction cylinder 21 is shifted in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction by the width of the excavated groove 48 and moved laterally in the opposite direction. start. At this time, according to the present embodiment, since the excavation nozzle 22 is located at the center of the cross section of the suction cylinder 21, there is no directionality of lateral movement during excavation. Therefore, the reciprocating movement is possible without rotating the suction cylinder 21 and the workability is greatly improved. Further, since the excavation nozzle 22 is provided at the center of the cross section of the suction cylinder 21, the earth and sand blown off by the compressed air does not jump out of the suction cylinder 21.
[0044]
Since the extended covering member 34 is also provided on the side surface in the direction of lateral movement, it is generated on the side surface when excavating the side of the portion that has already been excavated in a groove shape while moving in the opposite direction. Since the gap can be closed, efficient suction of earth and sand can always be performed.
[0045]
In the above-described embodiment, the extension covering member 34 is constituted by the rubber plate 35. However, the extension covering member 34 is not limited to this, and may be formed of a brush member or other flexible material.
[0046]
In the above embodiment, the extended covering member 34 is provided outside the brush member 31 fixed to the suction cylinder 21. However, the brush member itself is provided so as to be movable up and down, and the extended covering member is not provided. Also good.
[0047]
Furthermore, instead of the telescopic cylinder 45 that moves the extension covering member 34 up and down, a spring member that biases the extension covering member 34 downward is provided on the rod 38 so that the lower end of the extension covering member 34 is always in contact with the ground 2. May be.
[0048]
Further, the extension covering member 34 may be lowered by a weight or its own weight so as to follow the ground 2.
[0049]
FIG. 3 is a side view showing another preferred embodiment of the earth excavation and suction device according to the present invention.
[0050]
In the present embodiment, an enlarged diameter portion 51 is formed on the lower portion 21b of the suction cylinder 21 so as to project outward. The enlarged diameter portion 51 protrudes on both the front and rear sides of the suction cylinder 21 in the moving direction. Headers 24 are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the enlarged diameter portion 51 in the moving direction. Each header 24 is connected to an excavation nozzle 22 for blowing out compressed air. Each excavation nozzle 22 is configured to pass through the side wall of the suction cylinder 21 and extend to the enlarged diameter portion 51 in the suction cylinder 21 and then hang down.
[0051]
The excavation nozzle 22 is configured to spray compressed air only with the excavation nozzle 22 in front of the moving direction.
[0052]
According to this embodiment, since the compressed air is sprayed by the front excavation nozzle 22 during excavation movement, the lateral movement direction is provided. However, the excavation nozzle 22 is provided before and after the movement direction, Since the switching is performed, the suction cylinder 21 can be reciprocated.
[0053]
Further, by providing the excavation nozzle 22 in the enlarged diameter portion 51, there is no obstacle on the extension line of the suction channel 52 at the upper part of the suction cylinder 21, so that the interference between the earth and the excavation nozzle 22 is reduced. The suction efficiency can be improved.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
In short, according to the present invention, an excellent effect that excavation can be performed while reciprocating freely during lateral movement is exhibited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A is a side view, FIG. 1B is a partial cross-sectional side view, and FIG. 1C is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing an air excavator body of a sediment excavation and suction device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating a sediment excavation and suction device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing another preferred embodiment of the earth excavation and suction device according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sediment excavation suction apparatus 2 Ground 21 Suction cylinder 22 Excavation nozzle 22b Extension part 22c Vertical part 24 Header 51 Diameter expansion part

Claims (3)

In a suction cylinder formed in a cylindrical shape that is provided to stand substantially vertically on the ground to be excavated, a drilling nozzle that drills by blowing compressed air toward the ground is provided, and the compression blown from the drilling nozzle In the earth and sand excavation and suction device for excavating by sucking the excavated earth and sand together with the suction air from the lower end of the suction cylinder while moving the suction cylinder laterally while breaking the earth and sand with air, a header is provided outside the suction cylinder, A soil excavation and suction device, wherein a drilling nozzle for blowing compressed air is connected to the header, and the drilling nozzle extends to the center of the cross section of the suction cylinder and then hangs down. 2. The earth and sand according to claim 1, wherein the excavation nozzle includes an extension portion connected to the header and extending to a center of a cross section of the suction cylinder, and a vertical portion having a predetermined length connected to a tip of the extension portion. Drilling suction device. In a suction cylinder formed in a cylindrical shape that is provided to stand substantially vertically on the ground to be excavated, a drilling nozzle that drills by blowing compressed air toward the ground is provided, and the compression blown from the drilling nozzle In an earth and sand excavation and suction device that excavates by sucking excavated earth and sand together with suction air from the lower end of the suction cylinder while laterally moving the suction cylinder while collapsing the ground with air, an expansion projecting outwardly below the suction cylinder. A diameter portion is formed, headers are respectively provided in front and rear of the suction cylinder in the moving direction outside the expanded diameter portion, and excavation nozzles for blowing compressed air are connected to the headers. It is configured to extend after extending to the enlarged diameter part in the cylinder, and configured to blow the compressed air by using only the drilling nozzle in front of the moving direction for each of the front and rear drilling nozzles. Soil excavation suction device to symptoms.

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