JP3992277B2 - Color toner - Google Patents

Description

【００６６】
以上の結果より、比較例１〜５のトナーと対比して、実施例１〜４のトナーは、耐オフセット性に優れ、非磁性一成分現像装置による耐刷においても、トナー融着を生じることのない、透過性に優れたカラートナーであること分かる。
【００６７】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、非磁性一成分現像装置に使用した場合であっても、ブレードへの融着がみられず、かつ非オフセット域が広く、透過性にも優れたカラートナーが提供される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a color toner used for developing a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, with the demand for miniaturization of full-color image forming apparatuses, non-magnetic one-component developing apparatuses that do not require carriers are preferably used. However, in the non-magnetic one-component developing device, the toner is strongly pressed by the blade, so that toner fusion to the blade is likely to occur.
[0003]
Further, from the viewpoint of transparency, color toners are demanded of toners that can be sharply melted and fixed at a low temperature, and adjustment of characteristics that conflict with toner fusion is an important issue.
[0004]
In addition, toner with excellent low-temperature fixability is likely to cause high-temperature offset, and can be dealt with by applying oil to the fixing roll. However, since the size of the device increases, it is strongly desired that the device be oil-free. .
[0005]
Under such circumstances, a toner in which the compatibility of both is adjusted according to the physical properties of the binder resin and wax, for example,
A full-color toner using linear polyester having a softening point of 90 to 120 ° C. and carnauba wax (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-220808),
Color toners composed of resins and waxes having different softening points compatible with each other (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-106105),
A color toner (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-304964) defining the melt viscosity of polyester and wax;
A yellow toner (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-268572) in which the acid value of the binder resin and wax is defined;
A color toner containing polyester having a softening point of 90 to 120 ° C., rice wax, carnauba wax and silicone oil (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-293425),
Color toner containing two or more kinds of resins and waxes that are incompatible with each other and have a sea-island phase separation structure (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-82488)
Etc. have been reported, and although a certain effect has been obtained, further improvement is desired.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a color toner that is not fused to a blade, has a wide non-offset area, and has excellent permeability even when used in a non-magnetic one-component developing device. And
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a softening point having a tetrahydrofuran insoluble content of 25 % or less obtained by mixing a mixture of raw material monomers of two polymerization resins each having an independent reaction route and a wax and performing the two polymerization reactions. Is a color toner comprising, as a binder resin, a hybrid resin having a softening point of 85 ° C. or higher and lower than 120 ° C., wherein the wax has a melting point of 70 to 90 ° C. and a penetration degree The present invention relates to a color toner that is 5 to 9 polyethylene wax or Fischer-Tropsch wax.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The hybrid resin contained in the color toner of the present invention is a raw material monomer of two polymerization resins each having an independent reaction path, preferably a mixture of a raw material monomer of a condensation polymerization resin and a raw material monomer of an addition polymerization resin, And the wax are mixed and the two polymerization reactions are preferably carried out in the same reaction vessel.
[0009]
Typical examples of the polycondensation resin include polyester, polyester / polyamide, polyamide and the like. Among these, polyester is preferable.
[0010]
Examples of the raw material monomer for polyester include a dihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol and a divalent or higher polyvalent carboxylic acid compound.
[0011]
Examples of the divalent polyhydric alcohol include polyoxypropylene (2.2) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane and polyoxyethylene (2.0) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane. Bisphenol A alkylene oxide adduct, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, bisphenol A, hydrogenated bisphenol A, and the like.
[0012]
Examples of the trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol include sorbitol, pentaerythritol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and the like.
[0013]
In the present invention, these dihydric or higher polyhydric alcohols can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
[0014]
Examples of the divalent carboxylic acid compound include maleic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, succinic acid and other dicarboxylic acids, n-dodecenyl succinic acid, isododecenyl succinic acid, and n-dodecyl succinic acid. Succinic acid substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, such as acid, isooctenyl succinic acid, isooctyl succinic acid, etc., and anhydrides or lower alkyls of these acids (carbon number) 1-3) Ester etc. are mentioned. Preferably, maleic acid, fumaric acid, terephthalic acid, or succinic acid substituted with an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is used.
[0015]
Examples of the trivalent or higher polyvalent carboxylic acid compound include 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimellitic acid), 2,5,7-naphthalenetricarboxylic acid, pyromellitic acid and acid anhydrides thereof, and lower alkyl. (C1-C3) ester etc. are mentioned. Of these, trimellitic acid and its acid anhydride are preferably used because they are inexpensive and easy to control.
[0016]
In the present invention, these divalent or higher polyvalent carboxylic acid compounds can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
[0017]
In forming the polyester, an esterification catalyst such as dibutyltin oxide can be appropriately used.
[0018]
In addition, examples of the raw material monomer used for forming the amide component in the polyester / polyamide or polyamide include various known polyamines, aminocarboxylic acids, aminoalcohols, and the like, preferably hexamethylenediamine and ε-caprolactam.
[0019]
The above raw material monomers include those normally classified as ring-opening polymerization monomers, but these are hydrolyzed by the presence of water or the like produced by the condensation reaction of other monomers and used for condensation. Therefore, it is considered to be included in the raw material monomer of the condensation polymerization resin in a broad sense.
[0020]
Representative examples of addition polymerization resins include vinyl resins obtained by radical polymerization reaction.
[0021]
Examples of the raw material monomer for the vinyl resin include styrene compounds such as styrene and α-methylstyrene; ethylenically unsaturated monoolefins such as ethylene and propylene; diolefins such as butadiene; halovinyls such as vinyl chloride; vinyl acetate; Vinyl esters such as vinyl propionate; alkyl (1 to 18 carbon) esters of (meth) acrylic acid, esters of ethylenic monocarboxylic acids such as dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether Vinylidene halides such as vinylidene chloride, N-vinyl compounds such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, and the like. The alkyl ester of styrene and / or (meth) acrylic acid is 50% by weight or more, preferably 80 to 100% by weight. % Content is desirable.
[0022]
In addition, when polymerizing the raw material monomer of the vinyl resin, a polymerization initiator, a crosslinking agent, or the like may be used as necessary.
[0023]
In the present invention, the weight ratio of the condensation polymerization resin to the addition polymerization resin, that is, the weight ratio of the condensation polymerization resin raw material monomer to the addition polymerization resin raw material monomer is such that the continuous phase is the condensation polymerization resin. Since it is preferable, 50 / 50-95 / 5 are preferable and 60 / 40-95 / 5 are more preferable.
[0024]
In the hybrid resin in the present invention, in addition to the raw material monomers of the two polymerization resins, a compound capable of reacting with any of the two polymerization resin raw materials monomers (both reactive compounds) is preferably used. . The both reactive compounds have at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, a primary amino group and a secondary amino group in the molecule, an ethylenically unsaturated bond, It is preferable to use a compound having such a property, and the dispersibility of the resin serving as the dispersed phase can be improved by using such a bireactive compound. Specific examples of the both reactive compounds include acrylic acid, fumaric acid, methacrylic acid, citraconic acid, maleic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and the like. Of these, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and fumaric acid are preferred.
[0025]
The amount of the both reactive compounds used is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the raw material monomer of the condensation polymerization resin, and 0.3 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the raw material monomer of the addition polymerization resin. 20 parts by weight is preferable, and 0.5 to 10 parts by weight is more preferable. The amphoteric compound can be used as a raw material monomer of either a condensation polymerization resin or an addition polymerization resin by itself in a single reaction system, but the amphoteric compound has a unique performance in the present invention. In view of the properties, they are treated as a monomer different from the condensation polymerization resin monomer and the addition polymerization resin monomer. Therefore, even in the weight ratio of the condensation polymerization raw material monomer and the addition polymerization raw material monomer, both reactive compounds are not included in any monomer.
[0026]
The wax in the present invention is a polyethylene wax or a Fischer-Tropsch wax having a melting point of 70 to 90 ° C. and a penetration of 5 to 9. As described above, a wax having a low melting point and a high penetration, that is, a soft wax is generally not actively used from the viewpoint of durability or the like, but in the present invention, a hybrid having resin components having different hydrophobicity in the molecule. By combining with a resin, the compatibility of the wax with the resin is improved. Furthermore, since the wax is added to the reaction vessel together with the raw material monomer during the production of the hybrid resin and the raw material monomer is polymerized, it is possible to achieve high dispersion of the low melting point wax that is generally considered difficult. Thereby, the toner of the present invention can widen the non-offset region, and is excellent in durability and transparency.
[0027]
The polyethylene wax preferably has an acid value of 3 mgKOH / g or less.
[0028]
Fischer-Tropsch wax is a wax obtained as a by-product when synthetic petroleum is produced from coal by a hydrocarbon synthesis method, and commercially available products include Sasol wax manufactured by Sazol. In addition, there is also a Fischer-Tropsch wax obtained using natural gas as a starting material, and such a wax has a low content of low molecular weight components and is excellent in heat resistance. The acid value of Fischer-Tropsch wax is preferably 3 mgKOH / g or less.
[0029]
The melting points of polyethylene wax and Fischer-Tropsch wax are 70 to 90 ° C., preferably 75 to 85 ° C., from the viewpoints of the non-offset area, durability, and transparency.
[0030]
Further, the penetration of polyethylene wax and Fischer-Tropsch wax is 5 to 9, preferably 6 to 9, from the viewpoint of the non-offset area, durability, and transparency.
[0031]
The amount of the wax used is preferably 1 to 25 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 15 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the raw material monomers of the two polymerization resins.
[0032]
In the present invention, the hybrid resin can be obtained by performing the two polymerization reactions using the above raw material monomer mixture and wax, and further using both reactive compounds as required. It is not necessary for the progress and completion of the reaction to be simultaneous in time, and the reaction temperature and time may be appropriately selected according to each reaction mechanism to advance and complete the reaction.
[0033]
For example, in the method for producing a hybrid resin in the present invention, a raw material monomer for a condensation polymerization resin, a raw material monomer for an addition polymerization resin, an amphoteric compound, a wax and the like are mixed, and first, a radical polymerization reaction is performed mainly at 50 to 180 ° C. It is preferable to obtain an addition polymerization resin component having a functional group capable of polycondensation reaction, and then raise the reaction temperature to 190 to 270 ° C., and then form the condensation polymerization resin component mainly by the condensation polymerization reaction.
[0034]
The tetrahydrofuran insoluble content (THF insoluble content) of the hybrid resin is 35% or less, preferably 3 to 30%, more preferably 5 to 25%, from the viewpoint of the wideness of the non-offset region and transparency. The THF-insoluble content can be adjusted by the amount of trivalent or higher polyvalent monomer, the reaction rate, and the like.
[0035]
The softening point of the hybrid resin is preferably 120 to 160 ° C and more preferably 130 to 150 ° C from the viewpoint of improving the dispersibility of the specific wax.
[0036]
In the present invention, in order to further expand the non-offset region, a low softening point resin having a softening point of 85 ° C. or higher and lower than 120 ° C., more preferably 100 to 115 ° C., is further contained as a binder resin. preferable.
[0037]
Examples of the low softening point resin include polyesters, styrene-acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polycarbonates, polyurethanes, etc., but one of the two polymerization resin components of the hybrid resin, particularly the same as the resin component having a high polarity. Is preferable, and polyester is more preferable.
[0038]
The weight ratio of the hybrid resin to the low softening point resin is preferably 20/80 to 90/10, and more preferably 40/60 to 80/20.
[0039]
Further, the toner of the present invention may contain a wax different from the wax internally added to the hybrid resin together with the binder resin, for example, may be externally added, and may include a colorant, a charge control agent, and a fluidity improver. Further, additives such as a conductive filler, reinforcing pigments such as extender pigments, fibrous substances, antioxidants, anti-aging agents, and cleaning improvers may be contained as appropriate.
[0040]
As the colorant, all of the dyes and pigments used as toner colorants can be used, such as carbon black, phthalocyanine blue, permanent brown FG, preferential first scarlet, pigment green B, rhodamine-B base. Solvent Red 49, Solvent Red 146, Solvent Blue 35, Quinacridone, Carmine 6B, Disazo Yellow and the like can be used. The content of the colorant is preferably 1 to 40 parts by weight and more preferably 2 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.
[0041]
The toner of the present invention may be a toner obtained by any conventionally known method such as a kneading and pulverizing method, an emulsification transfer method, and a polymerization method. However, from the viewpoint of productivity and dispersibility of the colorant, the toner is kneaded. A pulverized toner by a pulverization method is preferred. In the case of pulverized toner by the kneading pulverization method, raw materials such as a binder resin, a colorant, and a charge control agent are uniformly mixed with a mixer such as a Henschel mixer, and then a closed kneader, a single or twin screw extruder, open It can be produced by melt-kneading with a roll-type kneader or the like, cooling, pulverizing and classifying. The volume average particle diameter of the toner is preferably 3 to 15 μm.
[0042]
When the toner of the present invention contains a magnetic fine powder, it is used alone as a developer, and when it does not contain a magnetic fine powder, as a non-magnetic one-component developer toner, Alternatively, it can be mixed with a carrier and used as a two-component developer. In particular, since the toner of the present invention is excellent in durability, it can be suitably used for a non-magnetic one-component development type laser printer in which prevention of toner fusion to a blade is an issue.
[0043]
Furthermore, since the color toner of the present invention has a moderately dispersed wax and excellent offset resistance, it can be suitably used for a printing apparatus having a heat roll fixing device that does not include an oil supply device. And can be suitably used as a full-color toner. Here, the oil supply device includes an oil tank and a device that has a mechanism for quantitatively applying oil to the surface of the heat roll, as well as a mechanism for bringing a roll pre-impregnated with oil into contact with the heat roll. Including devices and the like.
[0044]
【Example】
[Softening point of resin]
Using a Koka type flow tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, CFT-500D), the temperature at which half of the sample flows out is the softening point (sample: 1 g, heating rate: 6 ° C./min, load: 1.96 MPa, nozzle : 1 mmφ × 1 mm).
[0045]
[Glass transition point of resin]
A differential scanning calorimeter (manufactured by Seiko Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd., DSC210) is used to measure at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min.
[0046]
[Acid value of the resin]
It is measured by the method of JIS K0070.
[0047]
[THF insoluble matter of resin]
The resin sample was finely pulverized, and 5.0 g of sample powder that passed through a 42 mesh (opening: 355 μm) sieve was collected and placed in a 150 ml container together with 5.0 g of filter aid radiolite (# 700). 100 g of THF is poured into the container, placed on a ball mill stand and rotated for 5 hours.
On the other hand, a filter paper (No. 2) having a diameter of 7 cm is placed in a pressure filter, radiolite is uniformly precoated thereon, and a small amount of THF is added to bring the filter paper into close contact with the filter. The contents of are poured into the filter. Further, it is thoroughly washed with 100 ml of THF and poured into a filter so that deposits do not remain on the vessel wall of the container.
Thereafter, the upper lid of the filter is closed and filtration is performed. Filtration is performed under a pressure of 4 kg / cm ³ or less. After the outflow of THF is stopped, washing with 100 ml of THF is performed, followed by further pressure filtration.
After the above operation is completed, the filter paper, the residue on it, and all of the radiolite are placed on an aluminum foil and placed in a vacuum dryer, and dried at a temperature of 85 ° C. and a pressure of 100 mmHG for 10 hours. And calculate the weight ratio of the insoluble matter.
[0048]
[Melting point of wax]
Using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC210, manufactured by Seiko Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd.), the peak top temperature in the endothermic peak that occurs when measured at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min is defined as the melting point.
[0049]
[Wax penetration]
It is measured by the method of JIS K 2235-6.3-93 (temperature condition is 25 ° C.).
[0050]
Resin production example 1
A mixture of 332 g of styrene, 83 g of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 8 g of acrylic acid (both reactive compounds) and 42 g of dicumyl peroxide (polymerization initiator), 700 g of propylene oxide 2.2 mol adduct of bisphenol A, 166 g of terephthalic acid In a nitrogen atmosphere, 107 g of isododecenyl succinic anhydride and 115 g of trimellitic acid, 20 g of dibutyltin oxide (esterification catalyst) and 152 g of polyethylene wax (melting point: 80 ° C., penetration: 8, acid value: 1 mgKOH / g or less) The solution was added dropwise at 160 ° C. over 1 hour. While maintaining at 160 ° C., the reaction was further continued for 2 hours, and then the temperature was raised to 230 ° C. and the reaction was further performed under reduced pressure to obtain Resin A as a wax-containing resin. Resin A had a softening point of 143.2 ° C., a glass transition point of 65.5 ° C., an acid value of 26.2 mgKOH / g, and a THF-insoluble content of 23.2%.
[0051]
Resin production example 2
Resin B was obtained in the same manner as in Resin Production Example 1, except that the amount of terephthalic acid used was changed to 133 g and the amount of isododecenyl succinic anhydride used was changed to 161 g. Resin B had a softening point of 145.8 ° C., a glass transition point of 62.2 ° C., an acid value of 34.2 mgKOH / g, and a THF-insoluble content of 28.2%.
[0052]
Resin production example 3
Resin C was obtained in the same manner as in Resin Production Example 1 except that 152 g of Fischer-Tropsch wax (melting point: 82 ° C., penetration: 7, acid value: 1 mgKOH / g or less) was used instead of polyethylene wax. . The physical properties of Resin C were almost the same as Resin A.
[0053]
Resin production example 4
Resin D was obtained in the same manner as in Resin Production Example 1 except that 152 g of carnauba wax (melting point: 86 ° C., penetration: 1) was used instead of polyethylene wax. The physical properties of Resin D were almost the same as Resin A.
[0054]
Resin production example 5
Resin E was obtained in the same manner as in Resin Production Example 1 except that 152 g of Fischer-Tropsch wax (melting point: 94 ° C., penetration: 1, acid value: 1 mgKOH / g or less) was used instead of polyethylene wax. . The physical properties of Resin E were almost the same as Resin A.
[0055]
Resin production example 6
Resin F was obtained in the same manner as in Resin Production Example 1 except that 152 g of polypropylene wax (melting point: 147 ° C., penetration: 1) was used instead of polyethylene wax. The physical properties of Resin F were almost the same as Resin A.
[0056]
Resin production example 7
The amount of terephthalic acid used was changed to 83 g, the amount of isododecenyl succinic acid used to 161 g, and the amount of trimellitic acid used to 173 g. Fischer-Tropsch wax instead of polyethylene wax (melting point: 82 ° C., penetration) : 7, acid value: 1 mgKOH / g or less) Resin G was obtained in the same manner as in Resin Production Example 1 except that 152 g was used. Resin G had a softening point of 146.2 ° C., a glass transition point of 60.3 ° C., an acid value of 38.8 mgKOH / g, and a THF-insoluble content of 38.9%.
[0057]
Resin production example 8
Resin H containing no wax was obtained in the same manner as in Resin Production Example 2 except that polyethylene wax was not used. Each physical property of the resin H was almost the same as that of the resin B.
[0058]
Resin production example 9
Resin I was obtained by reacting 700 g of propylene oxide 2.2 mol adduct of bisphenol A, 249 g of terephthalic acid, 107 g of isododecenyl succinic anhydride and 19 g of trimellitic acid at 230 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere. Resin I had a softening point of 107.5 ° C., a glass transition point of 62.3 ° C., and an acid value of 10.2 mgKOH / g.
[0059]
Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples 1-5 (Examples 1-3 are reference examples)
100 parts by weight of binder resin shown in Table 1, 3 parts by weight of colorant (Pigment Blue 15: 3), 1 part by weight of charge control agent “Bontron E-84” (manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.), and Comparative Example 5 only 10 parts by weight of polyethylene wax (melting point: 80 ° C., penetration: 8, acid value: 1 mg KOH / g or less) was mixed with a Henschel mixer, then melt-kneaded with a twin screw extruder and cooled. Furthermore, a powder having a volume average particle size of 10 μm was obtained through pulverization and classification steps.
[0060]
To 100 parts by weight of the obtained powder, 1 part by weight of hydrophobic silica “Aerosil R-972” (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added and mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a toner.
[0061]
Test example 1
The toner is mounted on a commercially available full-color electrophotographic recording apparatus of a non-magnetic one-component developing system, the fixing speed is set to 100 mm / sec, and the image is printed using the oil coating apparatus removed, and the non-printing is performed by the following method. The offset area was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0062]
[Non-offset area]
The temperature of the heat roller in the fixing device is variable, the heat roller temperature is raised in the range of 100 to 240 ° C., a copy test is performed, and the adhesion of the toner on the surface of the heat roller is observed with the naked eye at each temperature. The offset area was obtained.
[0063]
〔durability〕
About 6500 sheets were continuously printed at a printing rate of 5%, and the durability was evaluated by visually judging whether or not white streaks on the image due to the fusion of the toner to the blade were generated. .
[0064]
(Transparency)
A copy of the Image Electronics Society Chart No. 22 is projected by OHP, and the spectral transmittance in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 70 nm is measured. The difference between the maximum transmittance and the minimum transmittance is 70% or more, “◯”, 50% or more 70 Less than% is “Δ”, and less than 50% is “x”.
[0065]
[Table 1]

[0066]
From the above results, in comparison with the toners of Comparative Examples 1 to 5, the toners of Examples 1 to 4 have excellent offset resistance and cause toner fusion even in printing durability by a non-magnetic one-component developing device. It can be seen that this is a color toner having no transparency and excellent transparency.
[0067]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, even when used in a non-magnetic one-component developing device, a color toner that is not fused to the blade, has a wide non-offset area, and has excellent permeability is provided.

Claims (5)

A mixture of raw material monomers of two polymerization resins each having an independent reaction route and a wax are mixed, and the two polymerization reactions are carried out to obtain a tetrahydrofuran insoluble content of 25 % or less and a softening point of 120 to 160. A color toner comprising, as a binder resin, a hybrid resin having a softening point of 85 ° C. and a polyester having a softening point of 85 ° C. or higher and lower than 120 ° C., wherein the wax has a melting point of 70 to 90 ° C. and a penetration of 5 to 9 Color toner which is polyethylene wax or Fischer-Tropsch wax.   The color toner according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the wax is 1 to 25 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the raw material monomer of the two polymerization resins.   The color toner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the raw material monomers of the two polymerization resins are a raw material monomer of the condensation polymerization resin and a raw material monomer of the addition polymerization resin.   The color toner according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the hybrid resin to the polyester is 20/80 to 90/10.   The color toner according to claim 1, which is used in a non-magnetic one-component development system.