JP3975928B2 - DC motor armature structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an armature for a DC motor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The armature of a conventional DC motor has a substantially V-shaped V-shaped opening with a winding wound in a narrow slot, or the V-shaped opening is widened to cover the ring-shaped iron core after winding. The winding was fixed so as not to be pulled out by centrifugal force (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-243651
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventional armatures of direct current motors have a limitation in the capacity of the winding in a slot having a narrow V-shaped opening, and it is difficult to increase the efficiency of the motor. Also, in order to increase the winding capacity in the slot by widening the V-shaped opening, and to prevent the winding from being detached due to centrifugal force after winding work, the one covered with the ring core is the armature core and the ring core. There was a magnetic resistance in the gap between the contact portions, which made it difficult to increase the efficiency of the motor.
In addition, the armature core must be insulated and the windings must be applied directly into the slots, resulting in poor winding workability.
[0005]
The present invention was made to solve the above-described problems, has good workability in winding work and armature coil mounting, and increased winding density in the armature coil slot, It is intended to obtain a high-efficiency DC motor by preventing the winding from being separated by centrifugal force and eliminating the magnetic gap in the armature portion.
[0006]
Furthermore, the second object is to obtain a direct current motor that can reduce eddy loss when the armature of the present invention is used in a liquid such as an in-tank fuel pump.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The armature structure of a DC motor according to the present invention is provided on a salient pole side facing a slot formed between salient poles of a rectangular salient pole formed radially on the armature core from the rotary axis, in parallel with the rotary axis. An armature coil that is wound in a taper shape so as to occupy half of the slot in a winding frame having a center hole and a flange that can be inserted into the salient pole, and a flat surface on both sides of the flat portion. A hooking magnetic piece with both side flanges sandwiching both flanges in contact with the inner surface of the salient pole facing the inner surface of the reel, and a protrusion protruding toward the salient pole on the flat part of the hooking magnetic piece And an armature coil including a winding frame sandwiched by two opposing magnetic pieces from the inside is inserted into the salient poles, and the projections are latched in the grooves.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a sectional view of an armature of a DC motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between an armature core and an armature coil of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an armature of a DC motor according to the present invention. FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are perspective views of retaining magnetic pieces.
In the figure, an armature core 1 in which magnetic thin plates are laminated has a rotating shaft 2 fixed to the center hole thereof. The armature core 1 is provided with salient poles 1a radially. There is no overhang on the side surface of the tip of the salient pole 1a, and the tip forms a part of an arc. A substantially V-shaped slot 1b is formed between each salient pole 1a, and a groove 1c is provided in parallel to the rotary shaft 2 on the surface of the salient pole 1a forming the slot 1b. The armature coil 3 is wound around the winding frame 4 made of an insulating material in a taper shape so that the armature coil 3 occupies half of the slot 1b evenly. The flanges 4a and 4b of the winding frame 4 are different in size from each other so as to correspond to the tapered winding. The core part of the winding frame 4 is hollow and can be inserted into the salient pole 1a.
[0009]
The winding work on the winding frame 4 is wound around the winding frame 4 at a different location irrespective of the armature core 1, and the line end of the armature coil 3 interferes with the adjacent flange and the armature coil 3. It is wound and fixed to the wire stopper 4c provided at the position where it is not.
Further, the winding core 4 has a hollow core portion, and the hollow hole has a side surface facing the slot 1b slightly larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the salient pole 1a, and is hung between the reel 4 and the salient pole 1a. A demagnetizing piece 5 can be interposed. The latching magnetic piece 5 is made of a magnetic flat plate, both ends are bent in the same direction, one is formed with an extended magnetic pole 5a, and the other is provided with a claw portion 5b that engages with the flange 4a on the small side of the winding frame 4, and A protrusion 5c is provided at a portion located between the reel 4 and the salient pole 1a toward the salient pole 1a.
[0010]
The extended magnetic pole 5a is engaged with the large flange 4b of the winding frame 4 around which the armature coil 3 is wound, and the two retaining magnetic pieces 5 are opposed to each other so as to be the outer periphery of the armature. And is press-fitted into the salient pole 1 a together with the winding frame 4. At this time, the protrusion 5c is slid on the surface on the slot 1b side of the salient pole 1a while being elastically deformed, and engages with the groove 1c. The extended magnetic pole 5a is shaped to extend the arc of the salient pole 1a in a state where the projection 5c is engaged with the groove 1c. The outer surface of the flange 4b is formed in a shape along the inner surface of the extended magnetic pole 5a.
[0011]
The claw portion 5 b of the latching magnetic piece 5 is constituted by a claw having two functions, and one of the claws holds the flange 4 a and fixes the winding frame 4 to the latching magnetic piece 5. The remaining claws are bent in an open manner, and the armature coil 3 is pressed against the bottom of the slot 1b with a force of press-fitting and elastically deforms, and the reaction force presses the projection 5c against the side surface of the groove 1c. The armature coil 3 together with the frame 4 is firmly fixed to the salient pole 1a. After the armature coil 3 is mounted on each salient pole 1 a, the winding terminal of the armature coil 3 is connected to the connection piece 6 a of the commutator 6.
[0012]
Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the enlarged portion may be folded back to form the enlarged magnetic path 5d, and the magnetic distribution at the tip of the salient pole 1a may be made smooth. In this case, the outer side surface of the flange 4b forms a stepped portion for removing the thickness so that the enlarged magnetic path can be accommodated.
[0013]
The armature of the DC motor configured as described above is inserted into the salient pole 1a of the armature core 1 by inserting the winding frame 4 provided with the armature coil 3 separately from the armature core 1 into the salient pole 1a of the armature core 1. Since the projection 5c is latched to 1c and the latching magnetic piece 5 fixes the armature coil 3 to the salient pole 1a, the workability of winding work and mounting of the armature coil 3 is good.
The winding density of the armature coil in the slot 1b can be increased, the number of turns can be increased, and the magnetic circuit of the armature core 1 has no connection gap, so that a highly efficient motor can be obtained.
[0014]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
The armature of the first embodiment has a large surface irregularity and a large windage loss, and particularly when applied to a fuel pump that rotates the armature in a liquid, the vortex resistance increases and hinders pump efficiency. For this purpose, an armature coil is formed by wrapping a cylinder in resin and molding.
On the other hand, the invention of the second embodiment uses the extended magnetic pole 5a extended from the latching magnetic piece 5 in the armature of the first embodiment to easily flatten the armature surface and reduce the eddy resistance. is there.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the armature of the DC motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the assembly of the armature of the DC motor according to Embodiment 2.
[0015]
In the figure, reference numerals 1 to 6 are the same as those in the first embodiment. A relay stand 7 is mounted between the armature core 1 and the commutator 6 of the rotating shaft 2. The relay stand 7 is a hollow polygonal column made of an insulating material, and a hollow hole is fitted to the rotary shaft 2. A plurality of conductive relay terminals 8 are provided on each polygonal outer surface of the relay stand 7, each relay terminal 8 is electrically insulated from each other, and the current collector part of the polygonal plane and the winding terminal of the armature coil 3 are connected. Terminal. The number of polygons of the relay stand 7 and the number of relay terminals 8 correspond to the number of segments of the commutator 6.
[0016]
In the commutator 6, a plurality of conductive segments 6 c are arranged on the insulating base 6 b at equal angles, and current collecting pieces 6 d extend from the segments 6 c toward the relay stand 7. Further, a rectifying cover upper 9 is integrally formed with the insulating base 6b by resin molding, and the rectifying cover upper 9 is formed in a bowl shape having the same diameter as the armature core 1 in the direction opposite to the brush contact surface of the segment 6c. The relay stand 7 is accommodated in the cage. The outer surface of the rectifying cover upper 9 is formed to be smooth, and the heel end is configured to be uneven in a comb crown shape. The concave bottom 9a at the heel end is formed in contact with the side surface of the salient pole 1a, and the comb teeth 9b at the heel end are formed in a convex shape in cross section. The comb teeth 9b are inserted between the adjacent extended magnetic poles 5a at the upper part of the slot 1b, and the convex top has the space portion where the extended magnetic poles 5a are not made the same as the outer diameter of the salient pole 1a, and the convex lower step Enters between the lower part of the extended magnetic pole 5a and the flange 4b and prevents the comb teeth 9b from popping out by centrifugal force (see FIG. 3).
[0017]
When the commutator 6 and the commutator cover 9 are inserted into the rotary shaft 2 at predetermined positions, the current collecting piece 6d comes into contact with the current collecting portion 8a, and the armature coil 3 and the segment 6c of the commutator 6 are electrically connected. Connected.
[0018]
The rectifying cover bottom 10 is configured in a bowl shape symmetrical with the rectifying cover top 9 and has a concave bottom 10a and comb teeth 10b similar to the above, and a fitting insertion hole 10c into which the rotating shaft 2 is fitted is formed at the center. Has been. When the combined length of the comb teeth 9b and the comb teeth 10b is the same as the laminated thickness of the armature core 1, the comb teeth 9b when the rectifying cover upper 9 and the rectifying cover lower 10 are fitted to the rotating shaft 2 are inserted. The comb teeth 10b are inserted into the slot 1b and close the slot space.
By mounting the rectifying cover upper 9 and the rectifying cover lower 10, the surface of the armature becomes flat, and eddy loss with the surrounding fluid due to the rotation of the armature can be reduced.
[0019]
A small hole 10d that allows the fluid to flow in and out of the end face close to the fitting insertion hole 10c of the lower rectifying cover 10 and a small hole 9d that is provided on the outer periphery of the upper rectifying cover 9 are provided. The small holes 9d and 10d use the difference in centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the armature to forcibly flow the fluid in the rectifying cover from the small hole 10d to the small hole 9d to directly cool the armature coil 3.
[0020]
In the above description, the comb teeth 9b and the comb teeth 10b that close the slot space are provided on both the rectifying cover upper 9 and the rectifying cover lower 10, but either one is made the same length as the laminated thickness of the armature core 1, The other may have a shape that contacts the side surface of the salient pole 1a.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
The armature of the direct current motor according to the present invention is obtained by winding the armature coil 3 on the winding frame 4 separately from the armature core 1 and attaching the armature coil 3 including the winding frame 4 together with the latching magnetic piece 5. The armature core 1 is inserted into the salient pole 1a and the projection 5c is latched in the groove 1c so that the latching magnetic piece 5 fixes the armature coil 3 to the salient pole 1a. The workability of mounting the coil 3 is good, and the winding density of the armature coil in the slot 1b can be increased, so that the number of turns is increased and a highly efficient motor can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an armature of a DC motor showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between an armature core and an armature coil according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an armature of a DC motor according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a latching magnetic piece of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a latching magnetic piece of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an armature of a DC motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating assembly of an armature of a DC motor according to a second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 armature core, 1a salient pole, 1b slot, 1c groove, 2 rotating shaft,
3 Armature coil, 4 reel, 4a flange, 4b flange,
5 retaining magnetic piece, 5a extended magnetic pole, 5c protrusion, 5d enlarged magnetic path,
6 commutator, 6d current collecting piece, 7 relay stand, 8 relay terminal,
9 on the current cover, 9a concave bottom, 9b comb teeth, 9d small hole,
10 Below the rectifying cover, 10a concave bottom, 10b comb teeth, 10d small holes.

Claims (6)

An armature core in which rectangular salient poles are radially formed from the rotation axis, a groove provided in parallel to the rotation axis on a salient pole side surface facing a slot formed between the salient poles, and the salient poles A winding frame having flanges of different sizes in a center hole that can be inserted into the armature, an armature coil wound in a taper shape so as to occupy half of the slot, and a magnetic plate. A latching magnetic piece in which both sides of the flat portion are in contact with the salient pole side surface facing the slot and the inner surface of the center hole of the winding frame, and bent portions at both ends sandwich both flanges of the winding frame from the inside, and the locking magnetic piece And a projection projecting toward the salient pole side, and the armature coil is inserted into the salient pole together with the winding frame sandwiching the two retaining magnetic pieces facing each other. A DC motor armature structure characterized by being hooked in the groove. 2. The armature structure of a DC motor according to claim 1, wherein a bent portion that engages with a large flange of the latching magnetic piece has the same diameter as the salient pole tip diameter to form an extended magnetic pole. 3. An armature structure for a DC motor according to claim 2, wherein a part of the extended magnetic pole is bent to form an enlarged magnetic path. The total length of the comb teeth with a pair of ridges on the rectifying cover and under the rectifying cover having the same diameter as the armature core diameter, and either or both of the ridge ends on the rectifying cover and under the rectifying cover. The armature core is formed into a laminated thickness, and the rectifying cover and the rectifying cover are inserted into the rotating shaft from both of the armature cores, and the comb teeth are bent on adjacent retaining magnetic pieces on the slot. The armature structure for a DC motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the armature structure is inserted and engaged between the portions. 5. The DC motor armature structure according to claim 4, wherein either one of the rectifying covers is integrally formed with the commutator. A relay terminal connected between the armature coil and the commutator, to which a winding terminal of the armature coil is connected; and a current collecting piece extending in a direction of the armature coil from a segment of the commutator; 6. The electric machine for a DC motor according to claim 5, wherein when the element and the rectifying cover are inserted into the rotating shaft, the current collecting piece is brought into contact with the relay terminal to make electrical connection between the armature coil and the segment. Child structure.

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