JP3963194B2 - Long cargo handling method and forklift cargo handling aid - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to a technical field related to cargo handling for pulling out all long objects such as lumber products housed in marine containers using a forklift.
[0002]
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In recent years, timber that has been sawn has been housed in containers and imported so as not to reduce the commercial value. For this reason, in harbors and various factories, it is hoped to develop a technology that makes it possible to easily remove lumber products, which are long items contained in marine containers, without causing damage using ordinary forklifts. It is rare.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to take out a long lumber product from a container, for example, a forklift claw is attached to a claw portion of an uneven structure, and the forklift claw portion and the anti-slip are attached to the bottom surface of the lumber product and the bottom surface of the container. A cargo handling operation is performed in which the forklift is moved backwards and the lumber product is gradually extracted from the container. Alternatively, cargo handling work is performed with a special two-blade grab forklift.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional cargo handling method has the following problems.
(1) If the slipper comes off, it must be reinserted, which requires complicated manpower and a lot of time for the cargo handling operation.
(2) Since the surface of the non-slip has a concavo-convex structure, the frictional action when pulling out the lumber product frequently causes scratches at the contact portion with the lumber product, which may reduce the commercial value.
(3) If the steel strap is cut, the load will collapse even if the anti-slip is attached. Therefore, the anti-slip cannot be used, and the lumber must be taken out one by one. It takes a lot of manpower and time.
(4) When the inside dimensions of the container are full, i.e. when there is almost no gap, the slip stopper cannot be inserted and there is no means to pull it out in a bundled package.
[0005]
An object of the present invention has been made in consideration of such problems, and is a method for handling a long object that can pull out a long object from a container in a short time by using one ordinary forklift. It is another object of the present invention to provide a forklift load assisting tool suitable for use in a method for unloading a long object.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem,
The claw of a forklift, pinching the lead starting end of the long member to accommodated in the container from the side, the corner portions in a plan view L-shape a pair of clamping with pieces of protruding piece shape, presence of required interval A forklift loading assist tool equipped with a clamping mechanism that is rotatably supported on a substrate by a rotation shaft provided on the back side of each corner portion ,
The substrate is inserted between the bottom surface of the long object and the bottom surface of the container,
The tip of the left and right sandwich pieces is pressed against the long object, and the end of each sandwich piece is enlarged by the action of the corner of each sandwich piece and the rotating shaft to sandwich the long object. After that
By operating an operating mechanism having a lever hoist structure disposed between the clamping mechanism and the main body of the forklift, the lever hoist structure is tensioned, and the distance between the tip ends of the clamping pieces is reduced with the rotating shaft as a fulcrum. , After tightening and holding the drawing start end of the long object with left and right clamping pieces,
Retract the forklift, pull out a long object from the container,
In the middle of pulling out the long object, put the roller material between the lower surface of the long object and the ground,
Immediately before the end of pulling out the long object, place a square piece between the lower surface near the starting end of the long object and the ground, and insert the claw part of the forklift between the pulled long object and the ground. The scale is lifted and conveyed.
[0007]
In this means, since the long object is sandwiched and pulled out by the forklift cargo handling aid, the long object is not detached from the forklift cargo handling aid during the withdrawal.
In the middle of pulling out the long object, the roller material is applied, and the impact drop from the marine container at the end of the long object is prevented.
In addition, immediately before the end of pulling out the long object, a gap is secured on the lower side of the long object by the roller material and the square member. Therefore, the cargo handling operation is continuously performed without being interrupted.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 2
In the method of handling a long object according to claim 1,
Pinching hold of the left and right pair of clamping with pieces in the pull-out beginning of the long product is
A rubber plate is interposed between each side surface of the long object and the inner side surface of the sandwiching piece facing the side surface.
[0009]
In this means, the rubber plate prevents slipping between the forklift load handling aid and the long object, and prevents damage to the long object by the forklift load handling aid.
[0010]
Furthermore, the forklift load assisting tool according to the present invention is:
A substrate that is placed on the claw portion of the forklift and can be inserted between the gap formed between the container and the long object at the tip,
A pair of left and right clamping pieces having a L-shape in plan view and a curved corner portion are supported on a substrate by a rotation shaft provided on the back side of each corner portion with a predetermined interval. A sandwiching mechanism in which the interval between the tip portions of each sandwiching piece is expanded or contracted by the action of the corner portion of each sandwiching piece and the rotation shaft ;
It is arranged between the clamping mechanism and the main body of the forklift, and the pair of left and right clamping pieces are clamped between the pulling start ends of the long object by tension, the state is maintained, and the clamp is attached to the long object by relaxation. And an operating mechanism having a lever hoist structure capable of releasing the.
[0011]
In this means, the base is placed on the claw part of the forklift, the clamping mechanism is positioned on both sides of the long object, the base and the clamping mechanism are inserted into the long object, and then the operation mechanism is tensioned to hold the base. A long object can be clamped by the attaching mechanism.
[0012]
Furthermore, the invention according to claim 4
The cargo handling aid for a forklift according to claim 3,
The forklift is
The support frame that supports the claw portion is provided with a connecting mounting seat that is detachable and to which the operation mechanism is connected.
[0013]
In this means, the operating portion is connected to a connecting mounting seat attached to a support frame that supports the claw portion of the forklift.
[0014]
Furthermore, the invention described in claim 5
The cargo handling aid for a forklift according to claim 3 or 4,
The operating mechanism is
A main body with a built-in one-way clutch, an operating lever connected to the one-way clutch, and a fixing hook externally connected to the connecting member provided at a base end of the pair of left and right clamping pieces; It is characterized by having a lever hoist structure having a chain connected to the one-way clutch and wound, and a winding hook attached to the end of the chain.
[0015]
In this means, a lever hoist structure, which is frequently used for cargo handling work, is employed for the operation mechanism.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a long material handling method and a forklift handling aid according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an embodiment of a method of handling a long object according to the present invention, wherein (A) to (D) are flowcharts in order of processes, and FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram showing the operation principle of FIG. It is.
[0018]
In this embodiment, the long object P is a long plate-shaped lumber product, which is stacked and bound and accommodated in a rectangular parallelepiped container C.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a forklift loading aid (hereinafter simply referred to as “loading aid”) S is mounted on the claw portion Fa of the forklift F.
The cargo handling aid S will be described in detail later, but one that can hold the long object P quite strongly is adopted.
[0020]
The forklift F is moved forward toward the container C, and the pulling start end (one end portion in the longitudinal direction) of the long object P is sandwiched from the left and right directions by the cargo handling aid S.
Subsequently, the forklift F moves backward with the long object P sandwiched by the material handling assisting tool S and pulls out the long object P from the container C as shown in FIG.
At this time, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, which will be described in detail later, when a rubber plate R is interposed between the cargo handling aid S and the long object P, the space between the cargo handling aid S and the long object P Slipping of the long object P can be reliably performed, and the long object P can be reliably pulled out from the container C, and damage to the long object P by the cargo handling aid S can be prevented.
[0021]
Withdrawing the long object P from the container C by the forklift F can be reliably held by holding the pulling start end of the long object P with the material handling aid S. It will be done at once without happening.
[0022]
When the long object P starts to be pulled out, and about 2/3 of the drawer start end is pulled out from the container doorway, a roller material M such as a cylinder or a columnar material is applied to the lower surface near the end portion. (See Figure 1B)
As a result, the drawing end of the long object P does not drop from the container C onto the ground or the like.
The roller material M rolls on the ground and assists in pulling out the long object P (see FIG. 2).
[0023]
After the drawing of the long object P is completed, as shown in FIG. 1 (C), a square material N such as a rectangular tube material or a prismatic material is applied to the lower surface in the vicinity of the drawing start end of the long object P.
As a result, the long object P is completely pulled out from the container C and is left on the ground or the like with a certain degree of stability.
Further, a gap D is formed between the lower surface of the long object P and the ground or the like.
[0024]
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1D, the claw portion Fa of the forklift F is inserted into the gap D at the center position of the long object P, and the long object P is lifted and transported.
For this forklift F, the tension of the lever hoist structure of the cargo handling assisting tool S is released from the one in which the long object P is previously pulled out in accordance with various conditions at the cargo handling site, etc. Although it has been removed and transported by one forklift F, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment because a separate forklift can be used.
[0025]
According to this embodiment, the cargo handling work can be completed in a very short time by continuous work.
[0026]
3 to 5 show an embodiment of a cargo handling aid S according to the present invention.
[0027]
In this embodiment, as described above, when long plate-shaped lumber products that are long objects P are stacked and bundled and accommodated in a rectangular parallelepiped container C, a normal bifurcated claw portion Fa is formed. The one suitable for mounting on the forklift F provided is shown.
[0028]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the cargo handling assist tool S is composed of a board 1, a clamping mechanism 2, an operating mechanism 3, and a connecting mounting seat 4.
[0029]
The substrate 1 includes a main body portion 1a made of a thin plate that can be inserted into a slight gap between the lower surface of the long object P and the bottom surface of the container C, and a clamping mechanism 2 on the surface side of the main body portion 1a. Is attached, and the back side of the main body 1a is placed on the claw part Fa of the forklift F.
The tip of the claw part Fa of the forklift F is configured to be inserted about 5 cm before the tip of the main body 1a of the substrate 1.
Further, the forklift F and the cargo handling aid S are integrated.
Also, on the surface of the main body portion 1a, a stopper pin 1b that uprights the pinching mechanism 2 from the main body portion 1a and restricts the substantial protrusion from the main body portion 1a is made upright.
Further, a stopper frame 1c for preventing lateral displacement of the claw portion Fa of the forklift F is fixed to the back surface of the main body portion 1a.
[0030]
The clamping assembling mechanism 2 includes a body portion rotation shaft 2a fixed to the surface of the 1a, 2a of the substrate 1, the rotation axis 2a, which is rotatably supported by 2a, corners in plan view L-shape The portion is composed of a pair of right and left sandwiching pieces 2b , 2b having a curved shape, and an endless wire coupling member 2c that couples the sandwiching pieces 2b , 2b and the operation mechanism 3.
In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, the connecting member 2c is provided at each base end of the sandwiching pieces 2b and 2b.
The pair of left and right sandwiching pieces 2b , 2b are respectively supported on the substrate 1 by the rotating shafts 2a, 2a provided on the back side of the L-shaped portions in plan view and the corners having convex shapes. intended to be, by the rotation of the fulcrum the rotary shafts 2a, each clamping with pieces 2b, intended to scaling the spacing between 2b of the tip, when pressed against the nip with mechanism 2 in the long object P The corners of each sandwiching piece 2b and the rotary shaft 2a are rotated naturally by the action of the rotating shaft 2a, and the distance between the tip portions of the sandwiching pieces 2b and 2b is contracted.
By this contraction action, the effect of sustaining the long object P is further exhibited.
Further, as the connecting member 2c, an endless wire is used so that the pair of left and right sandwiching pieces 2b , 2b are tightened on average.
The connecting member 2 c made of the endless wire averages the tension between the clamping mechanism 2 and the operation mechanism 3.
When the forklift F enters the container C and pulls out the second and third rows of lumber from the doorway, the clamping piece 2b cannot enter at a right angle and is inserted in an oblique direction. By using a wire, there is an effect that average tightening can be achieved.
[0031]
The operation mechanism 3 has a lever hoist structure, and includes a main body 3a having a built-in one-way clutch (not shown), an operation lever 3b connected to the one-way clutch of the main body 3a, and an exterior of the main body 3a. A hook 3c fixed to the connecting member 2c of the clamping mechanism 2, a chain 3d wound around a rotary shaft (not shown) connected to a one-way clutch in the main body 3a, a chain The winding hook 3e is attached to the tip of 3d.
The operation lever 3b can wind up the chain 3d by a raising / lowering operation and tension the fixed hook 3c and the winding hook 3e.
The operation mechanism 3 has a minimum necessary space for lever operation.
[0032]
The connection mounting seat 4 is formed in a substantially L shape, and is provided with a main body portion 4a that can be inserted and fitted into a support frame Fb that supports the claw portion Fa of the forklift F, and is provided protruding from the main body portion 4a. And a latch 4b to which the three winding hooks 3e are connected.
The connection mounting seat 4 facilitates the connection between the operation mechanism 3 and the forklift F.
[0033]
According to this embodiment, since the structure is simple, it can be manufactured inexpensively and easily, and an expensive grab forklift with a clamping function is not required.
[0034]
When this embodiment is used, the board 1 is placed on the claw part Fa of the forklift F, the attachment seat 4 is attached to the support frame Fb of the forklift F, the connection member 2c of the clamping mechanism 2 and the operation mechanism 3 are attached. Are connected to the forklift F by connecting the take-up hook 3e of the operation mechanism 3 and the latch 4b of the attachment seat 4 for connection.
[0035]
Then, the forklift F is moved forward toward the container C, the main body 1a of the substrate 1 is inserted between the lower surface of the long object P and the bottom surface of the container C, and the operation lever 3b of the operation mechanism 3 is operated up and down. The long object P can be clamped by tensioning between the fixed hook 3c and the winding hook 3e and contracting the interval between the clamping pieces 2b and 2b of the clamping mechanism 2.
[0036]
When clamping is completed by the operation mechanism 3 of the material handling aid S and the long object P is pulled out, the clamping force is further increased by slightly raising the mast of the forklift F when the forklift F is moved backward.
[0037]
The operations and effects in the cargo handling work of this embodiment are as described in the embodiment of the long material handling method according to the present invention described above, but the operation mechanism 3 has a lever hoist structure and a strong connection strength. Further, by the mast of the forklift F when the corners of each sandwiching piece 2b and the forklift F reversely move, the sandwiching effect is further exerted, and the operation mechanism 3 is cut or pulled out during the cargo handling operation so that the long object P It will not be impossible to withdraw.
In the case of a thin and long laminated lumber product, there are cases in which it cannot be tightened with only a lever hoist structure. However, a smooth cargo handling operation can be performed by the above three-point function.
[0038]
As described above, in addition to the illustrated embodiment, it is also possible to use for handling a long object P other than timber.
[0039]
Further, the cargo handling assisting tool S can be automated and improved in performance by adopting a hydraulic cylinder as the operation mechanism 3.
It is also possible to omit the connecting mounting seat 4 and directly connect the operating mechanism 3 to the main body side of the forklift F to further simplify the structure.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(A) Since the method of handling a long object according to the present invention is performed continuously with one forklift without interrupting the work of handling a long object, the effect of reducing the work time of the cargo handling and the safety work are achieved. Secured. In particular, the lever mechanism has a strong connection strength with the lever hoist structure, and the pair of left and right clamping pieces rotate spontaneously by the action of the corner structure of the clamping mechanism and the rotating shaft, and the gap contracts, making clamping easier. In addition, the end portion of the long object can be held strongly.
(B) At that time, by inserting a rubber plate between the drawing start end of the long object and the sandwiching piece constituting the cargo handling assisting tool, the slip between the cargo handling assisting tool and the elongated object is prevented. Thus, the long object can be reliably pulled out from the container, and the long object can be prevented from being damaged by the cargo handling aid.
(C) Further, the forklift load assisting tool according to the present invention has a small number of parts and a simple structure, so that there is no failure and can be manufactured inexpensively and easily.
(D) Further, by providing the connection mounting seat, it is easy to connect the operation mechanism to the forklift, and there is an effect in production such that it is only necessary to add a clamping function to a normal forklift having only a lifting function.
(E) Furthermore, when pulling out from the container by a forklift, it is possible to strengthen the clamping by raising the mast. In addition, there is an effect that the operation mechanism is not cut and the like cannot be pulled out during the cargo handling operation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an embodiment of a method for handling a long object according to the present invention, wherein (A) to (D) are flowcharts in the order of processes.
FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram showing the operation principle of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a cargo handling aid for forklifts according to the present invention.
4 is a plan view showing a use state of FIG. 3; FIG.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing the usage state of FIG. 3;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Board | substrate 2 Clamping mechanism 3 Operation mechanism 4 Connection mounting seat C Container F Forklift Fa Claw part Fb Support frame P Long object R Rubber plate S Forklift loading aid M Roller material N Square material

Claims (5)

The claw of a forklift, pinching the lead starting end of the long member to accommodated in the container from the side, the corner portions in a plan view L-shape a pair of clamping with pieces of protruding piece shape, presence of required interval A forklift loading assist tool equipped with a clamping mechanism that is rotatably supported on a substrate by a rotation shaft provided on the back side of each corner portion ,
The substrate is inserted between the bottom surface of the long object and the bottom surface of the container,
The tip of the left and right sandwich pieces is pressed against the long object, and the end of each sandwich piece is enlarged by the action of the corner of each sandwich piece and the rotating shaft to sandwich the long object. After that
By operating an operating mechanism having a lever hoist structure disposed between the clamping mechanism and the main body of the forklift, the lever hoist structure is tensioned, and the distance between the tip ends of the clamping pieces is reduced with the rotating shaft as a fulcrum. , After tightening and holding the drawing start end of the long object with left and right clamping pieces,
Retract the forklift, pull out a long object from the container,
In the middle of pulling out the long object, put the roller material between the lower surface of the long object and the ground,
Immediately before the end of pulling out the long object, place a square piece between the lower surface near the starting end of the long object and the ground, and insert the claw part of the forklift between the pulled long object and the ground. A method for cargo handling of long objects, characterized by lifting and conveying the objects. Pinching hold of the left and right pair of clamping with pieces in the pull-out beginning of the long product is
2. The method for handling a long object according to claim 1, wherein a rubber plate is interposed between each side surface of the long object and an inner surface of the sandwiching piece facing the side surface. A substrate that is placed on the claw portion of the forklift and can be inserted between the gap formed between the container and the long object at the tip,
A pair of left and right clamping pieces having a L-shape in plan view and a curved corner portion are supported on a substrate by a rotation shaft provided on the back side of each corner portion with a predetermined interval. A sandwiching mechanism in which the interval between the tip portions of each sandwiching piece is expanded or contracted by the action of the corner portion of each sandwiching piece and the rotation shaft ;
It is arranged between the clamping mechanism and the main body of the forklift, and the pair of left and right clamping pieces are clamped between the pulling start ends of the long object by tension, the state is maintained, and the clamp is attached to the long object by relaxation. A forklift load assisting device comprising an operating mechanism having a lever hoist structure capable of releasing the lift. The forklift is
The forklift cargo handling aid according to claim 3, further comprising a connecting attachment seat that is detachably attached to the support frame that supports the claw portion. The lever hoist structure is
A main body with a built-in one-way clutch, an operating lever connected to the one-way clutch, and a fixing hook externally connected to the connecting member provided at a base end of the pair of left and right clamping pieces; The forklift load assisting tool according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising: a chain connected to the one-way clutch and wound, and a winding hook attached to a tip of the chain.

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