JP3960492B2 - Production method of black soybean soy sauce - Google Patents

Production method of black soybean soy sauce Download PDF

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JP3960492B2
JP3960492B2 JP24227697A JP24227697A JP3960492B2 JP 3960492 B2 JP3960492 B2 JP 3960492B2 JP 24227697 A JP24227697 A JP 24227697A JP 24227697 A JP24227697 A JP 24227697A JP 3960492 B2 JP3960492 B2 JP 3960492B2
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Prior art keywords
soy sauce
black
water
black soybean
soybean
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JPH1175766A (en
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宏司 白井
正之 西山
久美子 伊達
晃 村瀬
明光 君塚
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ヤマモリ株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、黒大豆を原料とする醤油の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、発ガンや動脈硬化症、糖尿病といった様々な疫病や老化の要因の一つに、環境中や生体内で生成したフリーラジカル・活性酸素によるDNAや生体膜の損傷が挙げられている。従って、それらの生成や作用を抑制することが発ガンや老化の予防において重要であり、そのため、抗酸化物質、特にフリーラジカル捕捉因子に多くの注目が集まっている。
【0003】
その一方で、世間では「黒色食物」が脚光を浴びている。これは黒色食物中に含まれる色素が体によいといわれているためである。中でも特に、黒大豆に対する注目度は高く、雑誌やテレビなどマスコミでも黒大豆に関する特集が組まれることが多い。黒大豆には一般に大豆に含まれている抗酸化物質以外に、種皮にアントシアニン系の色素が含まれており、それらの色素にはラジカルを捕捉する作用があることが知られている。
【0004】
然るに、従来の醤油製造における原料処理工程では、原料が丸大豆(全粒)である場合は水で浸漬後に水切りして、また、割砕丸大豆(脱皮)であれば撤水後に、それぞれ蒸煮するのが一般的であった。また、いずれの場合においても蒸煮の際にはドレイン水が発生していた。
【0005】
こうした原料処理工程では、黒大豆を割砕して用いる場合には、種皮が除去されてしまったり、また、浸漬工程で使用した水や蒸煮工程で発生するドレイン水はそのまま廃棄されているのが実状である。従って、従来の原料処理工程では、種皮中に含まれている機能性成分である色素が全く有効利用されていなかった。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、黒大豆含有のラジカル捕捉能を有する機能性成分を有効に活用した醤油の製造方法を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、黒大豆(全粒)の場合は浸漬時に発生する余剰の浸漬水と蒸煮時に発生するドレイン水を回収し、これを仕込み塩水に利用して醤油を製造した場合は、高いラジカル捕捉能を有することが認められ、本目的に合致することを見出した。
【0009】
即ち、本発明は黒大豆(全粒)を常法に従って浸漬、蒸煮、製麹、仕込みおよび発酵、熟成して醤油を製造する方法において、黒大豆の浸漬工程で発生する浸漬水と蒸煮時に発生するドレイン水を回収し、これを仕込み塩水に利用することを特徴とする醤油の製造方法である。
【0012】
本発明に係る醤油の製造方法は黒大豆に含まれるラジカル捕捉能を有する機能性成分を醤油に有効に活用することができるものである。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
【0014】
▲1▼ 先ず、黒大豆(全粒)を使用する場合は、常法に従って黒大豆の水分含量が、50〜56%になるように吸水させた後余剰の浸漬水を水切りし回収しておく。吸水後の黒大豆に蒸煮処理を施すが、その条件については一般の黄大豆醤油製造における蒸煮条件を適用すればよい。例えば、NK缶を使用するときは、蒸煮圧力が1kg/cm2 であれば25〜45分間、連続蒸煮缶を使用するときは、蒸煮圧力が1.6kg/cm2であれば5〜10分間の各条件で蒸煮する。蒸煮の際に発生するドレイン水は、浸漬水と同様に回収する。
【0015】
この蒸煮した黒大豆とα化させた澱粉原料例えば、小麦を炒って割砕したものを混合する。その混合割合は、たまりや濃口醤油といったような得ようとする醤油に沿った配合とする。その後、常法に従って種麹菌を接種して盛込む。盛込み後、品温を28〜30℃に保ち、盛込み後16〜18時間経過した時点で1番手入れを行う。さらに、5〜6時間品温を29〜32℃に保った後、2番手入れを行う。引き続き品温を25〜28℃になるように調整し、盛込み後42〜45時間程度で製麹して麹を得る。
【0016】
一方、先に回収しておいた浸漬水とドレイン水を用いて、諸味塩分濃度が15〜18%になるように塩水を調整しておく。得られた麹をこの塩水中に仕込んで、15℃以下で2週間程度保持した後、品温を25〜30℃で管理して発酵および熟成させる。諸味管理期間中は適時攪拌を行い、その期間は仕込み後から通常3〜12ヶ月で完了する。
【0017】
この諸味を濾布に入れて固液分離(圧搾)し、得られた液(生揚)を85℃で火入れし、72時間オリ引き後セライト濾過を行って黒大豆を原料とした醤油を得る。
【0023】
黒大豆(全粒)を割砕して用いる場合には、脱皮された種皮を醤油の製造工程に戻せば良い。
【0024】
上記の方法で調製した醤油は、後記実施例に示すように、高いラジカル捕捉能を持ち、従って、原料黒大豆の色素に含まれる抗酸化物質等の機能性成分が製品に移行して有効に活用された、従来にないタイプの醤油と言える。
【0025】
上記した方法以外に黒大豆の種皮が除去されず、ラジカル捕捉能を有する機能性成分が生産経路外に流出しない方法であれば、例えば加熱水蒸気型連続膨化処理やエクストルーダー処理で蛋白変性させ、その後撤水して製麹し、醸造した場合や割砕されて種皮が除去されてもそれを回収し醤油の生産経路に戻しても本発明の目的とする醤油が得られる。
【0026】
【実施例】
以下、参考例及び実施例に基づいて具体的に説明する。
【0027】
参考例1
黒大豆および通常の黄大豆の浸漬水について、以下に記す原理に基づいてラジカル捕捉能の分析を行った。
【0028】
安定なフリーラジカルであるα,α−ジフェニル−β−ピクリルヒドラジル(DPPH)は、抗酸化物質により捕捉されて非ラジカル体になると退色し、517nmの特異的吸収が減少する。この原理を利用して、抗酸化物質として黒大豆浸漬水あるいは黄大豆浸漬水を添加して反応させ、517nmの特異的吸収の減少率より各浸漬水のラジカル捕捉能を算出した。その結果を表1に示す。
【0029】
【表1】

Figure 0003960492
【0030】
黒大豆浸漬水は黄大豆浸漬水に比べ、ラジカル捕捉能を有する機能性成分が多く含まれている。また、ドレイン水についても同様のことが言える。従来の醤油の製造方法では、これらを廃棄していたため、黒大豆の機能性成分を有効利用しようとする試みは全くなされていなかった。
【0034】
参考例3
参考例1および2の結果に基づき、以下の要領で黒大豆醤油の醸造を行った。
黒大豆(全粒)を50〜80℃に蒸気で加熱し、2本の平行ローラーで圧して厚みを約1mmに押し延ばした圧扁黒大豆60kgに80℃の熱水を55L徹水し、1kg/cmの蒸気圧で30分間蒸煮した。これに種麹30gを混合しておいた割砕小麦40kgを混合し、常法どおり盛込製麹を行った。この麹に22.8%の塩水を160L添加して仕込み、15℃で2週間保持した後、品温27〜30℃7ヶ月間諸味管理を行い、発酵および熟成させ、その間適時攪拌を行った。
【0035】
熟成させた諸味を濾布に入れて固液分離(圧搾)し、濾液(生揚)を得た。これを総窒素(T.N.)と塩分を調整して85℃で1時間の条件で火入れを行った。60℃で6時間ホールド後、72時間静置して上澄み液をセライト濾過し、黒大豆醤油を得た。
【0043】
実施例
黄大豆:小麦=60kg:40kgの原料配合比で黄大豆を水に浸漬後(水分含量56%)、水切りして蒸煮を施した醤油(丸大豆醤油1:比較品)、黒大豆:小麦=60kg:40kgの原料配合比で黒大豆を水に浸漬後(水分含量54%)、水切りして蒸煮を施した醤油(黒大豆醤油1:比較品)および黒大豆を浸漬後(水分含量54%)、水切りして浸漬水とドレイン水を回収したものを仕込み塩水に利用した醤油(黒大豆醤油2:本発明品)、さらに圧扁黒大豆に水分含量が55%になるように徹水し、蒸煮を施した醤油(黒大豆醤油3:参考例品)を醸造した。以上4種の醤油の醸造に当たっては、使用した塩水量はいずれも160LRとし、1Kg/cm の蒸気圧で30分間の条件で蒸煮した。その他の管理は、全て参考例3と同様に行った。すなわち、黒大豆醤油1は、参考例1に記載の高いラジカル捕捉能を示す浸漬水が廃棄されている状態であり、黒大豆醤油2(本発明品)と黒大豆醤油3(参考例品)は機能性成分の流出を最小限にとどめた醤油といえる。
【0044】
上記の黒大豆醤油1、2および3について、参考例1記載の原理に基づいてラジカル捕捉能の分析を行った。本例では抗酸化物質として黒大豆醤油1、2および3の希釈液を添加して反応させ、517nmの特異的吸収の減少率よりそれぞれのラジカル捕捉能を算出した。同時に丸大豆醤油についても同様に分析を行い各黒大豆醤油と比較した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0045】
【表2】
Figure 0003960492
【0046】
表2に示した結果から、本発明の方法によって製造された醤油は、高いラジカル捕捉能を有することが了解されよう。
【0047】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように黒大豆を原料とする醤油の製造方法において、黒大豆(全粒)の場合は余剰の浸漬水と蒸煮時に発生するドレイン水を回収し、これを塩水に利用することにより、黒大豆に含まれる機能性成分を有効利用することができ、高いラジカル捕捉能を持った醤油を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing soy sauce made from black soybeans.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, damage to DNA and biological membranes due to free radicals and active oxygen generated in the environment and in vivo has been cited as one of the causes of various plagues and aging such as carcinogenesis, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes. Therefore, suppressing their production and action is important in preventing carcinogenesis and aging, and therefore, much attention has been focused on antioxidants, particularly free radical scavengers.
[0003]
On the other hand, “black food” is in the spotlight. This is because the pigment contained in black food is said to be good for the body. In particular, black soybeans are attracting a great deal of attention, and magazines, television and other mass media often feature special articles on black soybeans. Black soybeans generally contain anthocyanin pigments in the seed coat in addition to the antioxidants contained in soybeans, and these pigments are known to have a radical scavenging action.
[0004]
However, in the raw material processing step in conventional soy sauce production, if the raw material is whole soybean (whole grain), it is soaked in water and then drained. It was common to do. In any case, drain water was generated during cooking.
[0005]
In these raw material treatment processes, when black soybeans are cracked and used, the seed coat is removed, and the water used in the dipping process and the drain water generated in the steaming process are discarded as they are. It's real. Therefore, in the conventional raw material treatment process, the pigment that is a functional component contained in the seed coat has not been effectively used at all.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The objective of this invention is providing the manufacturing method of the soy sauce which utilized effectively the functional component which has the radical scavenging ability containing black soybeans.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have recovered surplus immersion water generated during immersion and drain water generated during cooking in the case of black soybeans (whole grain), and charged it into salt water. When soy sauce was produced by using it, it was found that it had a high radical scavenging ability, and it was found that it matched this purpose.
[0009]
That is, the present invention is a method for producing soy sauce by dipping, steaming, kneading, preparing and fermenting and ripening black soybeans (whole grain) according to a conventional method, and occurring during immersion with black water soaking in the soaking process. The soy sauce production method is characterized in that drain water is collected and used as salt water .
[0012]
The method for producing soy sauce according to the present invention can effectively utilize the functional component having radical scavenging ability contained in black soybeans in soy sauce .
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0014]
(1) First, when using black soybeans (whole grain), after absorbing water so that the water content of black soybeans becomes 50 to 56% according to a conventional method, drain off excess immersion water and collect it. . The black soybeans after water absorption are steamed, and the conditions may be the same as those used in the production of general yellow soybean soy sauce. For example, when using an NK can, if the steaming pressure is 1 kg / cm 2 , it is 25 to 45 minutes. When using a continuous steaming can, it is 5 to 10 minutes if the steaming pressure is 1.6 kg / cm 2. Cook under each condition. Drain water generated during cooking is collected in the same manner as the immersion water.
[0015]
This steamed black soybean is mixed with a starch material that has been pregelatinized, for example, roasted and cracked wheat. The mixing ratio is determined in accordance with the soy sauce to be obtained, such as a pool or thick soy sauce. After that, inoculate and inoculate seed gonococcus according to a conventional method. After the filling, the product temperature is kept at 28 to 30 ° C., and the first maintenance is performed when 16 to 18 hours have passed after filling. Further, after maintaining the product temperature at 29 to 32 ° C. for 5 to 6 hours, the second maintenance is performed. Subsequently, the product temperature is adjusted to 25 to 28 ° C., and the koji is made in about 42 to 45 hours after filling to obtain a koji.
[0016]
On the other hand, using the immersion water and drain water collected previously, the salt water is adjusted so that the moromi salt concentration is 15 to 18%. The obtained koji is charged into this salt water and kept at 15 ° C. or lower for about two weeks, and then the temperature of the product is controlled at 25 to 30 ° C. for fermentation and aging. During the moromi management period, stirring is performed in a timely manner, and the period is usually completed in 3 to 12 months after the preparation.
[0017]
This moromi is put into a filter cloth and solid-liquid separated (squeezed), and the resulting liquid (fresh) is ignited at 85 ° C., and then celite filtered for 72 hours to obtain soy sauce made from black soybeans as a raw material.
[0023]
When black soybean (whole grain) is used after being cracked, the peeled seed coat may be returned to the soy sauce manufacturing process.
[0024]
The soy sauce prepared by the above method has a high radical scavenging ability as shown in the examples below, and therefore, functional components such as antioxidants contained in the raw black soybean pigment are effectively transferred to the product. This is an unprecedented type of soy sauce.
[0025]
In addition to the method described above, the seed coat of black soybean is not removed, and if the functional component having radical scavenging ability does not flow out of the production path, for example, the protein is denatured by heating steam type continuous expansion treatment or extruder treatment, Thereafter, when the water is drained and kneaded and brewed, or even if it is crushed and the seed coat is removed, the soy sauce targeted by the present invention can be obtained even if it is recovered and returned to the soy sauce production path.
[0026]
【Example】
Hereinafter, it demonstrates concretely based on a reference example and an Example.
[0027]
Reference example 1
Based on the principle described below, the radical scavenging ability of black soybean and normal yellow soybean immersion water was analyzed.
[0028]
Α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), which is a stable free radical, fades when captured by an antioxidant and becomes a non-radical form, and the specific absorption at 517 nm decreases. Utilizing this principle, black soybean soaked water or yellow soybean soaked water was added and reacted as an antioxidant, and the radical scavenging ability of each soaking water was calculated from the specific absorption reduction rate at 517 nm. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0029]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003960492
[0030]
Black soybean soaked water contains more functional components having radical scavenging ability than yellow soybean soaked water. The same can be said for drain water. In the conventional method for producing soy sauce, since these were discarded, no attempt was made to effectively utilize the functional components of black soybeans.
[0034]
Reference example 3
Based on the results of Reference Examples 1 and 2, black soybean soy sauce was brewed in the following manner.
Black soybean (whole grain) was heated to 50-80 ° C with steam, pressed with two parallel rollers and stretched to a thickness of about 1 mm, and 55 kg of 80 ° C hot water was fed to 60 kg of compressed black soybean, Steamed for 30 minutes at a steam pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 . This was mixed with 40 kg of cracked wheat that had been mixed with 30 g of seed meal, and then subjected to mash-making as usual. After adding 160 L of 22.8% salt water to this koji and keeping it at 15 ° C. for 2 weeks, moromi management was performed for 7 months at a product temperature of 27-30 ° C., fermentation and aging were carried out, and timely stirring was performed. .
[0035]
The aged moromi was put into a filter cloth and solid-liquid separated (squeezed) to obtain a filtrate (fresh). This was adjusted to total nitrogen (TN) and salinity, and fired at 85 ° C. for 1 hour. After holding at 60 ° C. for 6 hours, the mixture was allowed to stand for 72 hours, and the supernatant was filtered through Celite to obtain black soybean soy sauce.
[0043]
Example 1
Yellow soybeans: wheat = 60 kg: 40 kg raw material soaked in yellow soybeans (water content 56%), drained and steamed (soybean soy sauce 1: comparative product), black soybeans: wheat = 60 kg: after soaking black soybeans in water at a raw material mixing ratio of 40 kg (water content 54%), after draining and steaming soy sauce (black soybean soy sauce 1: comparative product) and after soaking black soybeans (water content 54%) ), Drained and recovered soaked water and drain water, soy sauce (black soybean soy sauce 2: product of the present invention) used as salt water, and water so that the water content is 55% in pressed black soybean Steamed soy sauce (black soybean soy sauce 3: reference product ) was brewed. In brewing the above four kinds of soy sauce, the amount of salt water used was 160 LR, and steamed at a steam pressure of 1 Kg / cm 2 for 30 minutes. All other controls were performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 3 . That is, black soybean soy sauce 1 is in a state where immersion water showing high radical scavenging ability described in Reference Example 1 is discarded, and black soybean soy sauce 2 (present product) and black soybean soy sauce 3 (reference example product). Is a soy sauce that minimizes the outflow of functional ingredients.
[0044]
The above-mentioned black soybean soy sauce 1, 2 and 3 were analyzed for radical scavenging ability based on the principle described in Reference Example 1. In this example, diluted solutions of black soybean soy sauce 1, 2 and 3 were added as an antioxidant and reacted, and the radical scavenging ability was calculated from the specific absorption reduction rate at 517 nm. At the same time, round soybean soy sauce was similarly analyzed and compared with each black soybean soy sauce. The results are shown in Table 2 .
[0045]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003960492
[0046]
From the results shown in Table 2 , it will be understood that the soy sauce produced by the method of the present invention has a high radical scavenging ability.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the method for producing soy sauce using black soybeans as the raw material, in the case of black soybeans (whole grain), the surplus immersion water and drain water generated during cooking are recovered, and this is used as salt water . The functional component contained in black soybeans can be used effectively, and soy sauce with high radical scavenging ability can be provided.

Claims (1)

黒大豆(全粒)を常法に従って浸漬、蒸煮、製麹、仕込みおよび発酵、熟成して醤油を製造する方法において、黒大豆の浸漬工程で発生する浸漬水と蒸煮時に発生するドレイン水を回収し、これを仕込み塩水に利用することを特徴とする醤油の製造方法。  In the method of manufacturing soy sauce by dipping, steaming, kneading, preparing and fermenting and aging black soybeans (whole grain) according to conventional methods, the soaking water generated during the black soybean soaking process and the drain water generated during cooking are collected. And a method for producing soy sauce, characterized by using this as salt water.
JP24227697A 1997-09-08 1997-09-08 Production method of black soybean soy sauce Expired - Fee Related JP3960492B2 (en)

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