JP3940996B2 - Fastening device and shock absorber - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fastening device and a shock absorber.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art A shock absorber such as an impact absorbing fence is known in which a rope material is sandwiched between a pair of plates and tightened with bolts to absorb the impact by frictional resistance between the peripheral surface of the rope material and the plate.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional shock absorber described above has the following problems.
<A> It is necessary to tighten with a large number of bolts in order to obtain a predetermined gripping force.
<B> It is necessary to manage the tightening torque of each bolt evenly so that the tightening force of the rope material is equal, and careful attention is required for the bolt tightening operation.
[0004]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tightening device that can obtain a certain tightening force.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber that is easy to assemble, has good workability, and can obtain a uniform tightening force.
The present invention achieves at least one of these objects.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the tightening device of the present invention is screwed into any one of a plurality of materials to be fastened, and is disposed to be locked to any other of the materials to be fastened. A tightening device for tightening a plurality of materials to be tightened in an approaching direction, a bolt having a head, a shaft, and a screw portion, an elastic member provided around the bolt shaft, and the elastic member being compressible A force accumulation ring that is mounted around the shaft portion, and a nut that is screwed into a screw portion of the bolt and that can tighten the force accumulation ring, and tightening the nut to compress the elastic member, The threaded portion with a nut is screwed to one of the tightened materials, and the accumulator ring is disposed to be locked to the other of the tightened materials, and the nut is loosened to release the elastic member. The material to be fastened is fastened in the approaching direction with a restoring force of .
[0007]
Here, a predetermined gap can be provided with the accumulator ring to attach a tightening force adjusting lid, and the elastic member can be compressed until the gap is zero by tightening the nut.
The elastic member can be a disc spring.
[0008]
Further, the shock absorber of the present invention is a shock absorber that allows sliding of the rope material when a certain tension or more acts on the rope material. Attach the screw portion with nut of the above-mentioned tightening device to the fastening member, and place the accumulator ring on the tightening member so as to accommodate the rope material between the opposing surfaces of the tightening member and the reaction force member Then, the nut of the tightening device is loosened and the tightening member is pressed against the reaction force member by the restoring force of the elastic member to grip the rope material.
[0009]
Here, one end of the tightening member and the reaction force member is pivotally supported by a support shaft so as to be a hinge structure, and between the opposing surfaces between the support shaft and the installation position of the tightening device. Rope material can be accommodated.
In addition, the fastening member and the reaction force member may be configured separately and independently, and a plurality of the rope members may be accommodated between opposing surfaces of the fastening member and the reaction force member that are located on both sides of the bolt. it can.
Furthermore, a partition plate in which receiving grooves are formed on both surfaces can be interposed between the tightening member and the reaction force member.
[0010]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1
Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
<A> Tightening device 10 (FIGS. 1 and 2)
The tightening device 10 includes a bolt 11, an elastic member provided around the bolt shaft portion 13, a tightening force adjusting lid 31 for compressing the elastic member from two directions, and a power accumulation ring 35.
[0012]
<Ro> Bolt 11
The bolt 11 has a head portion 12, a shaft portion 13, and a screw portion 14.
A tightening force adjusting lid 31, an elastic member, and a power accumulation ring 35 are mounted on the bolt shaft portion 13, and a nut 38 is screwed onto the screw portion 14.
[0013]
<C> Elastic member The elastic member is a compression coil spring, a disc spring 20, or the like.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the disc spring 20 has a through hole 21 in the center, and has a substantially frustoconical appearance. The disc spring 20 is mounted on the bolt shaft portion 13 through the through hole 21.
In this example, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the two disc springs 20 face each other on the bolt shaft portion 13 and are used in a state where the outer edge portions are in contact with each other. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the load setting amount and the displacement amount of the disc spring 20 in this case.
[0014]
<D> Tightening force adjustment lid 31
The tightening force adjusting lid 31 includes a flange portion 32 that is mounted around the bolt shaft portion 13 and a cylindrical body 33 that houses the disc spring 20. One end of the cylindrical body 33 is an open end 34.
The flange portion 32 is mounted on the bolt shaft portion 13, and the two disc springs 20 face each other and are accommodated in the cylindrical body 33 while being mounted on the bolt shaft portion 13.
[0015]
<E> Power storage ring 35
The accumulator ring 35 includes a ring 36 that is attached to the bolt shaft portion 13 and a flange 37 that is formed at one end of the ring 36.
The ring 36 and the flange 37 may be formed integrally or separately. The flange 37 is a member that compresses the disc spring 20 and transmits the spring force of the disc spring 20 to a first tightening member 40A described later.
The accumulation ring 35 is mounted on the bolt shaft portion 13 with the flange 37 facing the disc spring 20, and the nut 38 is screwed onto the screw portion 14 and set (see FIG. 1).
[0016]
<F> Usage
[Accumulation operation]
The nut 38 is further screwed to tighten the power accumulation ring 35, and the disc spring 20 is compressed by the tightening force adjusting lid 31 and the flange 37.
Before tightening with the nut 38, a predetermined tightening force adjusting gap G (hereinafter referred to as gap G) is provided between the open end 34 and the flange 37 (see FIG. 1), as shown in FIG. The nut 38 is tightened until the gap G becomes zero, and a predetermined spring force is stored. For this reason, the open end 34 forms a stopper surface.
[0017]
Even when the same disc spring 20 is stacked, a double spring constant rigidity can be obtained by stacking two sheets, and a double stroke can be obtained with the same rigidity when set face to face as in this example. Furthermore, it is possible to stack a plurality of sheets facing each other or to stack them in several stages.
Further, by changing the length of the cylindrical body 33, the size of the gap G can be changed, and the tightening force (spring force) can be adjusted.
By appropriately selecting these, a spring having an arbitrary rigidity and stroke can be easily obtained.
[0018]
Instead of providing the gap G, the tightening torque of the nut 38 may be managed. In this case, the tightening force adjusting lid 31 can be omitted. The disc spring 20 is compressed by the bolt head 12 and the flange 37.
[0019]
[Release operation]
By loosening the nut 38, the stored spring force of the disc spring 20 is generated. A plurality of tightening members can be tightened by this spring force.
Here, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the first tightening member 40A and the second tightening member 40B have a hinge structure in which one end is pivotally supported by a support shaft 45, and the first tightening member 40A is attached to the first tightening member 40A. An opening 41 is provided, and a screw hole 42 is provided in the second fastening member 40B coaxially with the opening 41. The screw portion 14 of the tightening device 10 during power accumulation is screwed into the screw hole 42, and the flange 37 is locked to the opening 41.
Next, by loosening the nut 38 in this state, the spring force of the disc spring 20 tightens the first tightening member 40A via the flange 37 in the approaching direction of the second tightening member 40B.
[0020]
Second Embodiment of the Invention
Next, the shock absorber 4 provided with the fastening device 10 of the present invention will be described.
<I> Buffer 4 (FIGS. 5 and 6)
The shock absorber 4 includes a tightening member 50A (corresponding to the first tightening member 40A), a reaction force member 50B (corresponding to the second tightening member 40B), a tightening device 10, a U bolt 60, and a nut 62. .
A through hole 53 is provided on one side of the fastening member 50A, and through holes 54 are provided on both sides of the reaction force member 50B. The U-bolt 60 is inserted with the through hole 53 of the tightening member 50A and one through hole 54 of the reaction force member 50B being coaxial, and one end of the tightening member 50A and the reaction force member 50B is pivotally supported. With a hinge structure.
An opening 51 is formed in the fastening member 50B, and a screw hole 52 is formed in the reaction member 50A coaxially with the opening 51 (see FIG. 6).
[0021]
The fastening member 50 </ b> A and the reaction force member 50 </ b> B are opposed to each other, and are accommodation grooves 56 that accommodate the rope member 3 between the support shaft (one of the U bolts 60) and the installation position of the fastening device 10. , 57 are formed. The housing grooves 56 and 57 are formed in a semicircular shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral surface of the rope member 3 and along the direction in which the rope member 3 is arranged.
[0022]
<B> Attaching the shock absorber (1) Assembly of the tightening device 10 The nut 38 is tightened in advance at the factory or the like until the gap G becomes zero, and a predetermined spring force is stored in the disc spring 20 (see FIG. 2). . Although this tightening operation requires a considerably large torque, there is no problem because it is performed at the factory.
The stored spring force is acting on the flange 37 of the energy storage ring 35 at this time.
As described above, if the gap G is constant, the stored spring force is constant. Therefore, a constant tightening force is always obtained at the time of release, and no on-site management is required.
[0023]
{Circle around (2)} The set U bolt 60 of the shock absorber 4 is locked and attached to, for example, a locking member of a support column.
As shown in FIG. 5, the fastening member 50 </ b> A and the reaction force member 50 </ b> B are fitted and inserted into the U bolt 60, and a nut 62 is screwed to the screw portion 61.
The fastening member 50A is opened, the rope member 3 is fitted into the accommodation groove 57 of the reaction member 50B, the fastening member 50A is closed again, and the rope member 3 is accommodated in the accommodation grooves 56, 57 (see FIG. 6). The rope member 3 is pulled out from the housing grooves 56 and 57 to form the extra length portion 3A. This extra length portion 3A is a length that allows the rope material 3 to slide during impact absorption.
[0024]
The tightening device 10 is inserted through the opening 51 of the tightening member 50A, and the screw portion 14 is screwed and attached to the screw hole 52 of the reaction force member 50B (see FIG. 6). At this time, it is not necessary to strongly screw the screw portion 14 into the screw hole 52.
Thereafter, when the nut 38 is loosened, the disc spring 20 that has been compressed so far is released, and the spring force presses the fastening member 50A against the reaction force member 50B via the flange 37, and is accommodated in the accommodation grooves 56 and 57. The rope material 3 is clamped. When the nut 38 is tightened, a large torque is required, but when the nut 38 is loosened, the nut 38 can be easily loosened with a small torque, and the workability on the site is extremely good.
A spring force acts on the rope member 3 to deform the rope member 3 and loosen the disc spring 20 slightly. At this time, a slight gap G1 is generated between the opening end surface 34 of the tightening force adjusting lid 31 and the flange 37 (see FIG. 6). The large spring force of the disc spring 20 that the accumulator ring 35 has received is transmitted to the tightening member 50A via the flange 37 and presses the tightening member 50A toward the reaction force member 50B. The rope material 3 is gripped by a force greater than the spring force of the disc spring 20 by the action of the lever.
It is preferable to test in advance how much gap G is present and how much tightening force can be obtained.
[0025]
The loosened nut 38 is strongly tightened to the reaction member 50B so that the nut 38 is not loosened.
When the energy storage ring 35 is separated into the ring 36 and the flange 37, the ring 36 becomes free and moves downward together with the loosened nut 38, and a gap is formed between the flange 37 and the ring 36.
[0026]
In the present invention, it is only necessary to insert the tightening device 10 through the opening 51 of the tightening member 50A and screw the screw portion 14 at the tip into the screw hole 52 of the reaction force member 50B. Is easy.
Further, since the tightening device 10 is assembled in advance at the factory and carried to the site as a unit, the disc spring 20, the bolt 11, the nut 38, and the like are not dropped during the operation, and the assembly operation can be performed efficiently.
Further, by changing the gap G, the compression force of the disc spring 20 can be adjusted, and the gripping force (sliding resistance) of the rope material 3 can be arbitrarily set according to the site.
[0027]
<C> Tension dampening action When an excessive impact force is applied and a tension higher than the set value is applied to the rope member 3, the extra length portion 3 </ b> A of the rope member 3 slides from the buffer 4 in the direction in which the tension is applied. The impact force is attenuated by the frictional resistance between the outer circumferential surface of the rope member 3 and the circumferential surfaces of the housing grooves 56 and 57 during sliding, and the impact energy is effectively absorbed.
For maintenance after absorbing the impact energy, the nut 38 is loosened, the fastening device 10 is removed, and the shock absorber 4 is set again as described above.
[0028]
Embodiment 3 of the Invention
Another example of the shock absorber 4 will be described with reference to FIG.
In this example, the fastening member 50A and the reaction force member 50B are arranged separately and opposed to each other, and the fastening device 10 is attached through the central portions of the fastening member 50A and the reaction force member 50B. Accommodating grooves 56 and 57 are formed in opposing surfaces located on both sides of the bolt 11 of the tightening member 50A and the reaction force member 50B so that the two rope members 3 can be accommodated.
A through hole 59 through which the screw part 14 of the bolt 11 is inserted is opened in the reaction member 50B, and a nut 70 is screwed and attached to the screw part 14 protruding from the through hole 59. Note that a screw hole may be formed in the reaction member 50B, and the screw portion 14 may be screwed and attached.
[0029]
For example, a handle 39 is attached to the nut 38 (not shown, for example, a recess is provided in the nut 38 and the tip of the handle 39 is inserted), and a notch 58 for turning the handle 39 is opened in the fastening member 50A. Then, the handle 39 is turned from the outside to loosen the nut 38. The spring force of the disc spring 20 presses the fastening member 50 </ b> A against the reaction force member 50 </ b> B via the flange 37, and the two rope members 3 housed in the housing grooves 56 and 57 are sandwiched.
In the case of this example, the shock absorber 4 can be manufactured in a very small size. Although there is no tightening effect due to the lever action, a sufficient tightening force can be obtained by, for example, double stacking the disc springs 20.
[0030]
Embodiment 4 of the Invention
The shock absorber 4 may be configured by interposing a partition plate 70 having housing grooves 71 and 72 formed on both sides between the fastening member 50A and the reaction force member 50B (see FIG. 8). By interposing the partition plate 70, the four rope members 3 can be accommodated and clamped.
In the case of this example, the two rope members 3 accommodated on the upper and lower surfaces of the partition plate 70 can be crossed. Moreover, if the partition plate 70 is increased, more rope members 3 can be accommodated and clamped.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention has been described above, the following effects can be obtained.
<A> The tightening device can be assembled in advance at the factory and transported to the site as a unit. Since the tightening device that has been transported only needs to be screwed and attached, the setting of the shock absorber is easy and the workability is good. Further, since the clamping device is carried to the site as a unit, the disc spring, bolts, nuts and the like are not dropped during the operation, and the assembling work of the shock absorber can be performed efficiently.
<B> The tightening device can easily adjust the spring force of the disc spring by changing the size of the gap, and can arbitrarily obtain a predetermined tightening force. If the gap is constant, the stored spring force is constant, and a constant tightening force is always obtained at the time of release, and no on-site management is required.
<C> Tightening the disc spring requires a large torque, but this is not a problem because it is performed at the factory. The nut loosening work performed at the site can be easily loosened with a small torque, and the workability is extremely good even in sites with poor terrain conditions.
<D> The shock absorber having the tightening device and the reaction force member as a hinge structure can grip the rope material with a force greater than the spring force of the disc spring by the action of the lever.
<E> The shock absorber in which the fastening member and the reaction force member are separated and independently arranged can grip two rope members, and a partition plate is interposed between the fastening member and the reaction force member. Thus, the rope material can be crossed or more rope materials can be gripped.
<F> If there is a fallen rock, it is only necessary to remove the fallen rock that has collided with the rope material, remove the clamping device, re-lock the disc spring of the clamping device, and reattach it. is there.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a tightening device when released.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tightening device during power accumulation.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a load setting amount and a displacement amount of a disc spring.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a hinge structure of a tightening member.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a shock absorber.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a shock absorber holding a rope material.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another shock absorber that holds a rope member.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another shock absorber that holds a rope member.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 .... Rope material 4 .... Buffer 10 ... Tightening device 11 ... Bolt 12 ... Bolt head 13 ... Bolt shaft 14 ... Screw part 21 ... Belleville spring 30 ... Pressing member 31 ... Clamping force adjusting lid 35 ... Power accumulation ring 37 ... Flange 38 ... Nut 40A ... First fastening member 40B ... Second fastening Member 41... Opening 42... Screw hole 45... Support shaft 50A .. Tightening member 50B... Reaction force members 56 and 57.

Claims (8)

A fastening device that is screwed to one of a plurality of materials to be fastened, is arranged to be locked to one of the materials to be fastened, and fastens the plurality of materials to be fastened in an approaching direction. ,
A bolt having a head, a shaft, and a thread;
An elastic member wrapped around the bolt shaft,
A power accumulation ring that is mounted around the shaft portion so that the elastic member can be compressed;
A nut that can be screwed into the threaded portion of the bolt and tighten the energy storage ring;
The elastic member is compressed by tightening the nut, and the threaded portion with the nut is screwed to either one of the tightened materials, and the accumulation ring is locked to the other one of the tightened materials. Arranged to loosen the nut and tighten the tightened material in the approaching direction with the restoring force of the elastic member,
Tightening device. The tightening device according to claim 1 , further comprising: a tightening force adjusting lid provided around the shaft portion between the bolt head and the elastic member and provided with a predetermined gap from the accumulation ring. Attached equipment. 3. The tightening device according to claim 2 , wherein the elastic member is compressed until a predetermined spring force is obtained by tightening the nut until the gap becomes zero. A clamping device, wherein a stopper surface is formed. In clamping device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said resilient member is a disc spring, clamping device. In the shock absorber that allows sliding of the rope material when a certain tension or more acts on the rope material,
The fastening member and the reaction force member are arranged facing each other,
The screw member with a nut of the tightening device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached to the reaction force member, and a storage ring is locked to the tightening member and arranged.
The rope member is accommodated between the opposing surfaces of the fastening member and the reaction force member, the nut of the fastening device is loosened, and the fastening member is pressed against the reaction force member by the restoring force of the elastic member. Is characterized by gripping
Shock absorber. 6. The shock absorber according to claim 5 , wherein one end of the tightening member and the reaction member is pivotally supported by a support shaft to form a hinge structure, and the support shaft and the installation position of the tightening device are A shock absorber characterized in that the rope material is accommodated between opposing surfaces. 6. The shock absorber according to claim 5 , wherein the fastening member and the reaction force member are configured to be separated and independent, and the rope is interposed between opposing surfaces of the fastening member and the reaction force member that are located on both sides of the bolt. A shock absorber characterized by containing a plurality of materials. 8. The shock absorber according to claim 7 , wherein a partition plate having housing grooves formed on both sides is interposed between the tightening member and the reaction force member.

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