JP3924943B2 - Organic electroluminescent device material and organic electroluminescent device using the same - Google Patents
Organic electroluminescent device material and organic electroluminescent device using the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP3924943B2 JP3924943B2 JP23670298A JP23670298A JP3924943B2 JP 3924943 B2 JP3924943 B2 JP 3924943B2 JP 23670298 A JP23670298 A JP 23670298A JP 23670298 A JP23670298 A JP 23670298A JP 3924943 B2 JP3924943 B2 JP 3924943B2
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- light emitting
- ring
- organic
- substituted
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 63
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 81
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 55
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 55
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 37
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 description 34
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 9
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- ZZLCFHIKESPLTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylbiphenyl Chemical group C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZLCFHIKESPLTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HONWGFNQCPRRFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-(3-methylphenyl)-1-n,1-n,2-n-triphenylbenzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 HONWGFNQCPRRFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYXVBTVXSNMMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C=CC1=CC=C2)(C(O)=O)NC1=C2O.CC(C=CC1=CC=C2)(C(O)=O)NC1=C2O.OC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 Chemical compound CC(C=CC1=CC=C2)(C(O)=O)NC1=C2O.CC(C=CC1=CC=C2)(C(O)=O)NC1=C2O.OC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 FYXVBTVXSNMMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical group C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000434 field desorption mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013365 molecular weight analysis method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229940031826 phenolate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MKZHJJQCUIZEDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[(2-hydroxy-3-naphthalen-1-yloxypropyl)-propan-2-ylamino]-3-naphthalen-1-yloxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OCC(O)CN(CC(O)COC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)C(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 MKZHJJQCUIZEDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSHSCWRTJSBWLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexyl-4-phenylbenzene Chemical group C1CCCCC1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 BSHSCWRTJSBWLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRQOBNUBCLPPPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-4-phenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC(CC)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SRQOBNUBCLPPPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WBEDMFHOODHFKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1-n,1-n',4-triphenylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2(C=CC(=CC2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 WBEDMFHOODHFKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MUNFOTHAFHGRIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dinaphthalen-1-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C3=NN=C(O3)C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 MUNFOTHAFHGRIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JXFRRTNQFRGVJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-bis(4-bromophenyl)-4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1C(N1C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN=C1C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 JXFRRTNQFRGVJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-7-(diethylamino)chromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4OC3=O)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004860 4-ethylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000641 acridinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005577 anthracene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azulene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC2=C1 CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N coronene Chemical compound C1=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C4C3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C2C3=C1 VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQWCDOCJODRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoren-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 YLQWCDOCJODRMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C(N=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=C2C(C=CC=C2)=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2C4=N1 LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 2
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenolate Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000548 poly(silane) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002755 pyrazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- IKJFYINYNJYDTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene sulfone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 IKJFYINYNJYDTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001664 diethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- QOLIPNRNLBQTAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N flavan Chemical class C1CC2=CC=CC=C2OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 QOLIPNRNLBQTAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBGMRMDAEWWFIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole-2-thione Chemical compound S=C1N=CC=N1 NBGMRMDAEWWFIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019239 indanthrene blue RS Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indanthrone blue Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=C4NC5=C6C(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7C(=O)C6=CC=C5NC4=C3C(=O)C2=C1 UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003387 indolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- COLNWNFTWHPORY-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Li+].C1=C(C([O-])=O)N=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 COLNWNFTWHPORY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M merocyanine Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1N(CCCC)C(=O)N(CCCC)C(=O)C1=C\C=C\C=C/1N(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2O\1 DZVCFNFOPIZQKX-LTHRDKTGSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006608 n-octyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YRZZLAGRKZIJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxyvanadium phthalocyanine Chemical compound [V+2]=O.C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 YRZZLAGRKZIJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical compound C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)O FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004033 porphyrin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000561 purinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=C2N=CNC2=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazol-3-one Chemical compound O=C1C=CN=N1 JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazoline Chemical compound C1CN=NC1 DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoquinodimethane Chemical compound N#CC(C#N)=C1C=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1 PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000005033 thiopyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioridazine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C12=CC(SC)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2N1CCC1CCCCN1C NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KWQNQSDKCINQQP-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)gallane Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O[Ga](OC=3C4=NC=CC=C4C=CC=3)OC=3C4=NC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 KWQNQSDKCINQQP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJGUQZGGEUNPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)phenolate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 CJGUQZGGEUNPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BRODZLXTYKNNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)phenolate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1N1N=C2C=CC=CC2=N1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1N1N=C2C=CC=CC2=N1 BRODZLXTYKNNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NVCBVYYESHBQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-carboxyquinolin-8-olate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1=C(C([O-])=O)N=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1.C1=C(C([O-])=O)N=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 NVCBVYYESHBQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Description
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は平面光源や表示に使用される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス（ＥＬ）素子用発光材料および高輝度の発光素子に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
有機物質を使用したＥＬ素子は、固体発光型の安価な大面積フルカラー表示素子としての用途が有望視され、多くの開発が行われている。一般にＥＬ素子は、発光層および該層をはさんだ一対の対向電極から構成されている。発光は、両電極間に電界が印加されると、陰極側から電子が注入され、陽極側から正孔が注入される。さらに、この電子が発光層において正孔と再結合し、エネルギー準位が伝導帯から価電子帯に戻る際にエネルギーを光として放出する現象である。
【０００３】
従来の有機ＥＬ素子は、無機ＥＬ素子に比べて駆動電圧が高く、発光輝度や発光効率も低かった。また、特性劣化も著しく実用化には至っていなかった。
近年、１０Ｖ以下の低電圧で発光する高い蛍光量子効率を持った有機化合物を含有した薄膜を積層した有機ＥＬ素子が報告され、関心を集めている（アプライド・フィジクス・レターズ、５１巻、９１３ページ、１９８７年参照）。この方法は、金属キレート錯体を発光層、アミン系化合物を正孔注入層に使用して、高輝度の緑色発光を得ており、６〜７Ｖの直流電圧で輝度は数１０００ｃｄ／ｍ2、 最大発光効率は１．５ｌｍ／Ｗを達成して、実用領域に近い性能を持っている。
【０００４】
しかしながら、現在までの有機ＥＬ素子は、構成の改善により発光強度は改良されているが、未だ充分な発光輝度は有していない。また、繰り返し使用時の安定性に劣るという大きな問題を持っている。これは、例えば、トリス（８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）アルミニウム錯体等の金属キレート錯体が、電界発光時に化学的に不安定であり、陰極との密着性も悪く、短時間の発光で大きく劣化していた。以上の理由により、高い発光輝度、発光効率を持ち、繰り返し使用時での安定性の優れた有機ＥＬ素子の開発のために、優れた発光能力を有し、耐久性のある発光材料の開発が望まれている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、発光輝度が高く、繰り返し使用時での安定性の優れた有機ＥＬ素子の提供にある。本発明者らが鋭意検討した結果、一般式［１］で示される有機ＥＬ素子用発光材料を発光層に使用した有機ＥＬ素子の発光輝度および発光効率が高く、繰り返し使用時での安定性も優れていることを見いだし本発明を成すに至った。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、下記一般式［１］で示される有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用発光材料に関する。
一般式［１］
【０００７】
【化２】
［式中、Ａｒ1およびＡｒ2は、それぞれ独立に置換もしくは未置換の酸素、窒素、または硫黄原子を含んでも良い、芳香族環、縮合芳香環、複素芳香環、縮合複素芳香環、または、それらの同種または異なる２種以上の環構造単位が２個以上結合した骨格を有するアリーレン基を表す。Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、およびＥはそれぞれ独立に置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは未置換の酸素、窒素、または酸素原子を含んでも良いアリール基を表し、ＡとＢ、またはＣとＤはそれぞれ一体となっても良い。］
また、本発明はＡｒ1およびＡｒ2がｐ−フェニレン基であり、Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、およびＥは、それぞれ独立に置換されても良いフェニル基である上記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用発光材料に関する。
【０００９】
また、本発明は一対の電極間に発光層または発光層を含む複数層の有機化合物薄膜を形成してなる有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子において、発光層が上記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料を含有する層である有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子に関する。［式中、Ａｒ1〜Ａｒ2は、それぞれ独立に置換もしくは未置換の酸素、窒素、または硫黄原子を含んでも良いアリーレン基を表す。Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、およびＥは、それぞれ独立に置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは未置換の酸素、窒素、または酸素原子を含んでも良いアリール基を表し、ＡとＢ、ＣとＤはそれぞれ一体となって、新たな環を形成して良い。］
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
【００１１】
本発明における一般式［１］で示される化合物のＡｒ1およびＡｒ2はそれぞれ独立に、置換もしくは未置換の酸素、窒素、硫黄原子を含む、芳香族環、縮合芳香環、複素芳香環、縮合複素芳香環、または、それらの同種または異なる２種以上の環構造単位が２個以上結合した骨格を有するアリーレン基を表す。 Ａｒ1〜Ａｒ2の具体例は、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼン、ナフタレン、アントラセン、フェナントレン、フルオレン、ピレン、クリセン、ナフタセン、ペリレン、アズレン、フルオレノン、アントラキノン、ジベンゾスベレノン、テトラシアノキノジメタン等の置換もしくは未置換の芳香族環もしくは縮合芳香環の２価の残基、または、フラン、チオフェン、ピロール、ピリジン、ピロン、オキサゾール、ピラジン、オキサジアゾール、トリアゾール、チアジアゾール、インドール、キノリン、イソキノリン、カルバゾール、アクリジン、チオキサントン、クマリン、アクリドン、ジフェニレンスルホン、キノキサリン、ベンゾチアゾール、フェナジン、フェナントロリン、フェノチアジン、キナクリドン、フラバンスロン、インダンスロン等の複素芳香環もしくは縮合複素芳香環の２価の残基である。
【００１２】
さらには、ビフェニル、ターフェニル、ビナフチル、ビフルオレニリデン、ビピリジン、ビキノリン、ビチオフェン、フェニルベンゾトリアゾール、フェニルベンズイミダゾール、フェニルアクリジン、ビス（ベンゾオキサゾリル）チオフェン、ビス（フェニルオキサゾリル）ベンゼン、ビフェニリルフェニルオキサジアゾール、ジフェニルベンゾキノン、ジフェニルイソベンゾフラン、ジフェニルピリジン等の同種または異なる２種以上の環構造単位が２個以上連結した骨格を有する２価の残基である。
【００１３】
本発明における一般式［１］で示される化合物のＡ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄ，Ｅは、それぞれ独立に、置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは未置換の酸素、窒素、硫黄原子を含むアリール基を表す。
これらの具体例は、置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ｓｅｃ−ブチル基、ｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ステアリル基２−フェニルイソプロピル基、トリクロロメチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、ベンジル基、α−フェノキシベンジル基、α，α−ジメチルベンジル基、α，α−メチルフェニルベンジル基、α，α−ジトリフルオロメチルベンジル基、トリフェニルメチル基、α−ベンジルオキシベンジル基等の炭素数１−２０のアルキル基の置換体がある。 置換もしくは未置換のアリール基としては、フェニル基、２−メチルフェニル基、３−メチルフェニル基、４−メチルフェニル基、４−エチルフェニル基、ビフェニル基、４−メチルビフェニル基、４−エチルビフェニル基、４−シクロヘキシルビフェニル基ターフェニル基、３，５−ジクロロフェニル基、ナフチル基、５−メチルナフチル基、アントリル基、ピレニル基等の炭素数１−２０のアリール基の置換体がある。
【００１４】
さらに、アリール基は、窒素原子、酸素原子およびまたは硫黄原子により芳香族炭素原子が置換されていてもよい。このようなアリール基としては、フリル基、チオフェニル基、ピロール基、ピラニル基、チオピラニル基、チアゾリル基、イミダゾリール基、ピリミジニル基、ピリジニル基、トリアジニル基、インドリニル基、キノリル基、プリニル基等がある。
また、ＡとＢとが、またはＣとＤとが、一体となって、置換もしくは未置換の、シクロペンテン環、シクロヘキセン環、フェニル環、ナフタレン環、アントラセン環、ピレン環、フルオレン環、フラン環、チオフェン環、ピロール環、オキサゾール環、チアゾール環、イミダゾール環、ピリジン環、ピラジン環、ピロリン環、ピラゾリン環、インドール環、キノリン環、キノキサリン環、キサンテン環、カルバゾール環、アクリジン環、フェナントロリン環等を形成しても良い。
【００１５】
Ａｒ1、Ａｒ2、Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅの有する置換基の具体例は、ハロゲン原子としては弗素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、
置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ｓｅｃ−ブチル基、ｔｅｒｔ−ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ステアリル基、２−フェニルイソプロピル基、トリクロロメチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、ベンジル基、α−フェノキシベンジル基、α，α−ジメチルベンジル基、α，α−メチルフェニルベンジル基、α，α−ジトリフルオロメチルベンジル基、トリフェニルメチル基、α−ベンジルオキシベンジル基等の炭素数１〜２０のアルキル基の置換体がある。
【００１６】
置換もしくは未置換のアルコキシル基としては、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、ｎ−ブトキシ基、ｔ−ブトキシ基、ｎ−オクチルオキシ基、ｔ−オクチルオキシ基、１，１，１−テトラフルオロエトキシ基、フェノキシ基、ベンジルオキシ基、オクチルフェノキシ基等の炭素数１〜２０のアルコキシル基の置換体がある。
置換もしくは未置換のアリール基としては、フェニル基、２−メチルフェニル基、３−メチルフェニル基、４−メチルフェニル基、４−エチルフェニル基、ビフェニル基、４−メチルビフェニル基、４−エチルビフェニル基、４−シクロヘキシルビフェニル基ターフェニル基、３，５−ジクロロフェニル基、ナフチル基、５−メチルナフチル基、アントリル基、ピレニル基等の炭素数１〜２０のアリール基の置換体がある。
【００１７】
置換もしくは未置換のアミノ基としては、アミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基、フェニルメチルアミノ基、ジフェニルアミノ基、ジトリルアミノ基、ジベンジルアミノ基等がある。また、それぞれの置換基同士で一体となって、置換もしくは未置換の、シクロペンテン環、シクロヘキセン環、フェニル環、ナフタレン環、アントラセン環、ピレン環、フルオレン環、フラン環、チオフェン環、ピロール環、オキサゾール環、チアゾール環、イミダゾール環、ピリジン環、ピラジン環、ピロリン環、ピラゾリン環、インドール環、キノリン環、キノキサリン環、キサンテン環、カルバゾール環、アクリジン環、フェナントロリン環等を形成しても良い。
【００１８】
本発明における化合物は分子中に電子輸送性のトリアゾール環を有するため電子輸送材料として使用しても良く、また、トリフェニル基の様な正孔輸送性のアミン骨格を有するため、正孔輸送材料としての使用も可能であるが、好ましくは、有機ＥＬ素子の発光材料として使用した場合、高い発光輝度を示し、長時間発光させる際にも有利である。
【００１９】
本発明の一般式［１］で示される化合物の一般的な合成方法を以下に示す。一般式［３］のジハロゲン化物と、２級アミン誘導体を炭酸カリウムおよび触媒を溶媒中で反応させて、一般式［１］の化合物を合成することができる。炭酸カリウムに変えて、炭酸ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウムまたはアンモニア水等を使用することができる。触媒としては、銅紛、塩化第一銅、スズ、塩化第一スズ、ピリジン、三塩化アルミニウムまたは四塩化チタンがある。溶媒は、ベンゼン、トルエンまたはキシレンがある。以上の合成法は一例であり、特に限定されるものではない。
一般式［３］
【００２０】
【化３】
［式中、Ａｒ1、Ａｒ2およびＥは、一般式［１］のそれらと同一である。］
【００２２】
以下に、本発明の一般式［１］の化合物の代表例を、表１に具体的に例示するが、本発明は、この代表例に限定されるものではない。
【００２３】
【表１】
本発明の一般式［１］で示される化合物は、固体状態において強い蛍光を持つ化合物であり電場発光性にも優れている。また、金属電極からの優れた正孔注入性および正孔輸送性、金属電極からの優れた電子注入性および電子輸送性を併せて持ち合わせているので、発光材料として有効に使用することができ、更には、他の正孔輸送性材料、電子輸送性材料もしくはドーピング材料を使用してもさしつかえない。
【００３２】
有機ＥＬ素子は、陽極と陰極間に一層もしくは多層の有機化合物薄膜を形成した素子である。一層型の場合、陽極と陰極との間に発光層を設けている。発光層は、発光材料を含有し、それに加えて陽極から注入した正孔、もしくは陰極から注入した電子を発光材料まで輸送させるために、正孔注入材料もしくは電子注入材料を含有しても良い。しかしながら、本発明の発光材料は、極めて高い発光量子効率、高い正孔輸送能力および電子輸送能力を併せ持ち、均一な薄膜を形成することができるので、本発明の発光材料のみで発光層を形成することも可能である。多層型は、（陽極／正孔注入帯域／発光層／陰極）、（陽極／発光層／電子注入帯域／陰極）、（陽極／正孔注入帯域／発光層／電子注入帯域／陰極）の多層構成で積層した有機ＥＬ素子がある。一般式［１］の化合物は、高い発光特性を持ち、正孔注入性、正孔輸送特性および電子注入性、電子輸送特性をもっているので、発光材料として発光層に使用できる。
【００３３】
発光層には、必要があれば、本発明の一般式［１］の化合物に加えて、さらなる公知の発光材料、ドーピング材料、正孔注入材料や電子注入材料を使用することもできる。有機ＥＬ素子は、多層構造にすることにより、クエンチングによる輝度や寿命の低下を防ぐことができる。必要があれば、発光材料、ドーピング材料、正孔注入材料や電子注入材料を組み合わせて使用することが出来る。また、ドーピング材料により、発光輝度や発光効率の向上、赤色や青色の発光を得ることもできる。また、正孔注入帯域、発光層、電子注入帯域は、それぞれ二層以上の層構成により形成されても良い。その際には、正孔注入帯域の場合、電極から正孔を注入する層を正孔注入層、正孔注入層から正孔を受け取り発光層まで正孔を輸送する層を正孔輸送層と呼ぶ。同様に、電子注入帯域の場合、電極から電子を注入する層を電子注入層、電子注入層から電子を受け取り発光層まで電子を輸送する層を電子輸送層と呼ぶ。これらの各層は、材料のエネルギー準位、耐熱性、有機層もしくは金属電極との密着性等の各要因により選択されて使用される。
【００３４】
一般式［１］の化合物と共に発光層に使用できる発光材料またはドーピング材料としては、アントラセン、ナフタレン、フェナントレン、ピレン、テトラセン、コロネン、クリセン、フルオレセイン、ペリレン、フタロペリレン、ナフタロペリレン、ペリノン、フタロペリノン、ナフタロペリノン、ジフェニルブタジエン、テトラフェニルブタジエン、クマリン、オキサジアゾール、アルダジン、ビスベンゾキサゾリン、ビススチリル、ピラジン、シクロペンタジエン、キノリン金属錯体、アミノキノリン金属錯体、ベンゾキノリン金属錯体、イミン、ジフェニルエチレン、ビニルアントラセン、ジアミノカルバゾール、ピラン、チオピラン、ポリメチン、メロシアニン、イミダゾールキレート化オキシノイド化合物、キナクリドン、ルブレンおよび色素レーザー用や増白用の蛍光色素等があるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【００３５】
一般式［１］の化合物および共に発光層に使用できる上記の化合物の発光層中での存在比率はどれが主成分であってもよい。つまり、上記の化合物および本発明における化合物のそれぞれの組み合わせにより、本発明における化合物は発光層を形成する主材料にも他の主材料中へのドーピンク材料にも成り得る。
【００３６】
正孔注入材料としては、正孔を輸送する能力を持ち、陽極からの正孔注入効果、発光層または発光材料に対して優れた正孔注入効果を有し、発光層で生成した励起子の電子注入帯域または電子注入材料への移動を防止し、かつ薄膜形成能力の優れた化合物が挙げられる。具体的には、フタロシアニン誘導体、ナフタロシアニン誘導体、ポルフィリン誘導体、オキサゾール、オキサジアゾール、トリアゾール、イミダゾール、イミダゾロン、イミダゾールチオン、ピラゾリン、ピラゾロン、テトラヒドロイミダゾール、ヒドラゾン、アシルヒドラゾン、ポリアリールアルカン、スチルベン、ブタジエン、ベンジジン型トリフェニルアミン、スチリルアミン型トリフェニルアミン、ジアミン型トリフェニルアミン等と、それらの誘導体、およびポリビニルカルバゾール、ポリシラン、導電性高分子等の高分子材料等があるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【００３７】
本発明の有機ＥＬ素子において使用できる正孔注入材料の中で、さらに効果的な正孔注入材料は、芳香族三級アミン誘導体もしくはフタロシアニン誘導体である。芳香族三級アミン誘導体の具体例としては、トリフェニルアミン、トリトリルアミン、トリルジフェニルアミン、Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジフェニル−Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジ（３−メチルフェニル）−１，１’−ビフェニル−４，４’−ジアミン、Ｎ，Ｎ，Ｎ’，Ｎ’−テトラ（４−メチルフェニル）−１，１’−フェニル−４，４’−ジアミン、Ｎ，Ｎ，Ｎ’，Ｎ’−テトラ（４−メチルフェニル）−１，１’−ビフェニル−４，４’−ジアミン、Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジフェニル−Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジ（１−ナフチル）−１，１’−ビフェニル−４，４’−ジアミン、Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジ（メチルフェニル）−Ｎ，Ｎ’−ジ（４−ｎ−ブチルフェニル）フェナントレン−９，１０−ジアミン、４，４’，４”−トリス（Ｎ−（３−メチルフェニル）−Ｎ−フェニルアミノ）トリフェニルアミン、１，１−ビス（４−ジ−ｐ−トリルアミノフェニル）シクロヘキサン等、もしくはこれらの芳香族三級アミン骨格を有したオリゴマーもしくはポリマー等があるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【００３８】
フタロシアニン（Ｐｃ）誘導体の具体例としては、Ｈ2Ｐｃ、ＣｕＰｃ、Ｃｏ Ｐｃ、ＮｉＰｃ、ＺｎＰｃ、ＰｄＰｃ、ＦｅＰｃ、ＭｎＰｃ、ＣｌＡｌＰｃ、ＣｌＧａＰｃ、ＣｌＩｎＰｃ、ＣｌＳｎＰｃ、Ｃｌ2ＳｉＰｃ、（ＨＯ）ＡｌＰｃ 、（ＨＯ）ＧａＰｃ、ＶＯＰｃ、ＴｉＯＰｃ、ＭｏＯＰｃ、ＧａＰｃ−Ｏ−ＧａＰｃ等のフタロシアニン誘導体およびナフタロシアニン誘導体等があるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【００３９】
電子注入材料としては、電子を輸送する能力を持ち、陰極からの正孔注入効果、発光層または発光材料に対して優れた電子注入効果を有し、発光層で生成した励起子の正孔注入帯域への移動を防止し、かつ薄膜形成能力の優れた化合物が挙げられる。例えば、フルオレノン、アントラキノジメタン、ジフェノキノン、チオピランジオキシド、オキサゾール、オキサジアゾール、トリアゾール、イミダゾール、ペリレンテトラカルボン酸、フレオレニリデンメタン、アントラキノジメタン、アントロン等とそれらの誘導体があるが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、正孔注入材料に電子受容物質を、電子注入材料に電子供与性物質を添加することにより増感させることもできる。
【００４０】
本発明の有機ＥＬ素子において、さらに効果的な電子注入材料は、金属錯体化合物もしくは含窒素五員環誘導体である。具体的には、金属錯体化合物としては、８−ヒドロキシキノリナートリチウム、ビス（８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）亜鉛、ビス（８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）銅、ビス（８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）マンガン、トリス（８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）アルミニウム、トリス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）アルミニウム、トリス（８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）ガリウム、ビス（１０−ヒドロキシベンゾ［ｈ］キノリナート）ベリリウム、ビス（１０−ヒドロキシベンゾ［ｈ］キノリナート）亜鉛、ビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）クロロガリウム、ビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）（ｏ−クレゾラート）ガリウム、ビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）（１−ナフトラート）アルミニウム、ビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）（２−ナフトラート）ガリウム、ビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）フェノラートガリウム、ビス（ｏ−（２−ベンゾオキサゾリル）フェノラート）亜鉛、ビス（ｏ−（２−ベンゾチアゾリル）フェノラート）亜鉛、ビス（ｏ−（２−ベンゾトリアゾリル）フェノラート）亜鉛等があるが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、含窒素五員誘導体としては、オキサゾール、チアゾール、オキサジアゾール、チアジアゾールもしくはトリアゾール誘導体が好ましい。具体的には、２，５−ビス（１−フェニル）−１，３，４−オキサゾール、１，４−ビス（２−（４−メチル−５−フェニルオキサゾリル））ベンゼン、２，５−ビス（１−フェニル）−１，３，４−チアゾール、２，５−ビス（１−フェニル）−１，３，４−オキサジアゾール、２−（４’−ｔｅｒｔ−ブチルフェニル）−５−(４”−ビフェ ニル)１，３，４−オキサジアゾール、２，５−ビス（１−ナフチル）−１，３ ，４−オキサジアゾール、１，４−ビス［２−(５−フェニルオキサジアゾリル)］ベンゼン、１，４−ビス［２−(５−フェニルオキサジアゾリル)−４−ｔｅｒｔ−ブチルベンゼン］、２−（４’−ｔｅｒｔ−ブチルフェニル）−５−(４” −ビフェニル)−１，３，４−チアジアゾール、２，５−ビス（１−ナフチル） −１，３，４−チアジアゾール、１，４−ビス［２−(５−フェニルチアジアゾ リル)］ベンゼン、３−（４’−ｔｅｒｔ−ブチルフェニル）−５−(４”−ビフェニル)−４−フェニル−１，２，４−トリアゾール、３，５−ビス（１−ナフ チル）−４−ｍ−トリル−１，２，４−トリアゾール等があるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【００４１】
本有機ＥＬ素子においては、発光層中に、一般式［１］の化合物の他に、発光材料、ドーピング材料、正孔注入材料および電子注入材料の少なくとも１種が同一層に含有されてもよい。また、本発明により得られた有機ＥＬ素子の、温度、湿度、雰囲気等に対する安定性の向上のために、素子の表面に保護層を設けたり、シリコンオイル、樹脂等により素子全体を保護することも可能である。
【００４２】
有機ＥＬ素子の陽極に使用される導電性材料としては、４ｅＶより大きな仕事関数を持つものが適しており、炭素、アルミニウム、バナジウム、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、タングステン、銀、金、白金、パラジウム等およびそれらの合金、ＩＴＯ基板、ＮＥＳＡ基板に使用される酸化スズ、酸化インジウム等の酸化金属、さらにはポリチオフェンやポリピロール等の有機導電性樹脂が用いられる。
【００４３】
陰極に使用される導電性物質としては、４ｅＶより小さな仕事関数を持つものが適しており、マグネシウム、カルシウム、錫、鉛、チタニウム、イットリウム、リチウム、ルテニウム、マンガン、アルミニウム等およびそれらの合金が用いられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。合金としては、マグネシウム／銀、マグネシウム／インジウム、リチウム／アルミニウム等が代表例として挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。合金の比率は、蒸着源の温度、雰囲気、真空度等により制御され、適切な比率に選択される。陽極および陰極は、必要があれば二層以上の層構成により形成されていても良い。
【００４４】
有機ＥＬ素子では、効率良く発光させるために、少なくとも一方は素子の発光波長領域において充分透明にすることが望ましい。また、基板も透明であることが望ましい。透明電極は、上記の導電性材料を使用して、蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法で所定の透光性が確保するように設定する。発光面の電極は、光透過率を１０％以上にすることが望ましい。基板は、機械的、熱的強度を有し、透明性を有するものであれば限定されるものではないが、例示すると、ガラス基板、ポリエチレン板、ポリエチレンテレフテレート板、ポリエーテルサルフォン板、ポリプロピレン板等の透明樹脂があげられる。
【００４５】
本発明に係わる有機ＥＬ素子の各層の形成は、真空蒸着、スパッタリング、プラズマ、イオンプレーティング等の乾式成膜法やスピンコーティング、ディッピング、フローコーティング等の湿式成膜法のいずれの方法を適用することができる。膜厚は特に限定されるものではないが、適切な膜厚に設定する必要がある。膜厚が厚すぎると、一定の光出力を得るために大きな印加電圧が必要になり効率が悪くなる。膜厚が薄すぎるとピンホール等が発生して、電界を印加しても充分な発光輝度が得られない。通常の膜厚は５ｎｍから１０μｍの範囲が適しているが、１０ｎｍから０．２μｍの範囲がさらに好ましい。
【００４６】
湿式成膜法の場合、各層を形成する材料を、エタノール、クロロホルム、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン等の適切な溶媒に溶解または分散させて薄膜を形成するが、その溶媒はいずれであっても良い。また、いずれの有機薄膜層においても、成膜性向上、膜のピンホール防止等のため適切な樹脂や添加剤を使用しても良い。使用の可能な樹脂としては、ポリスチレン、ポリカーボネート、ポリアリレート、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリウレタン、ポリスルフォン、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリメチルアクリレート、セルロース等の絶縁性樹脂およびそれらの共重合体、ポリ−Ｎ−ビニルカルバゾール、ポリシラン等の光導電性樹脂、ポリチオフェン、ポリピロール等の導電性樹脂を挙げることができる。また、添加剤としては、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、可塑剤等を挙げることができる。
【００４７】
以上のように、有機ＥＬ素子の発光層に本発明の化合物を用いることにより、発光効率、最大発光輝度等の有機ＥＬ素子特性を改良することができた。また、この素子は熱や電流に対して非常に安定であり、さらには低い駆動電圧で実用的に使用可能の発光輝度が得られるため、従来まで大きな問題であった劣化も大幅に低下させることができた。
【００４８】
本発明の有機ＥＬ素子は、壁掛けテレビ等のフラットパネルディスプレイや、平面発光体として、複写機やプリンター等の光源、液晶ディスプレイや計器類等の光源、表示板、標識灯等へ応用が考えられ、その工業的価値は非常に大きい。
【００４９】
本発明の材料は、有機ＥＬ素子、電子写真感光体、光電変換素子、太陽電池、イメージセンサー等の分野においても使用できる。
【００５０】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例に基づきさらに詳細に説明する。
化合物（１）の合成方法
１，３−ジメチル−２−イミダゾリジノン５０部中に、３，５−ジ(ｐ−ブロ モフェニル）−４−フェニル−１，２，４−トリアゾール８．２部、ジフェニルアミン８．４５部、および炭酸カリウム１２部、銅粉０．５部を入れ、２００℃にて５０時間加熱撹拌した。その後、５００部の水で希釈した。酢酸エチルで抽出を行い、濃縮して、シリカゲルを用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製を行ない白色の蛍光を有する粉末１１部を得た。ＦＤ−ＭＳよる分子量分析により、化合物（１）であることを確認した。
【００５１】
化合物（３）の合成方法
１，３−ジメチル−２−イミダゾリジノン５０部中に、３，５−ジ(ｐ−ブロ モフェニル）−４−（ｐ−トリル）−１，２，４−トリアゾール８．９部、ｐ，ｐ’−ジトリルアミン１１．２部、および炭酸カリウム８部、銅粉０．５部を入れ、２００℃にて５０時間加熱撹拌した。その後、５００部の水で希釈した。酢酸エチルで抽出を行い、濃縮して、シリカゲルを用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製を行ない白色の蛍光を有する粉末１３部を得た。ＦＤ−ＭＳよる分子量分析により、化合物（３）であることを確認した。
【００５２】
化合物（１１）の合成方法
１，３−ジメチル−２−イニダゾリジノン３０部中に、３，５−ジ(ｐ−ブロ モフェニル）−４−フェニル−１，２，４−トリアゾール８．２部、４，４−ジイソプロピル（２−フェニル）ジフェニルアミン２０．５部、および炭酸カリウム１０部、銅粉０．５部を入れ、２００℃にて５０時間加熱撹拌した。その後、５００部の水で希釈し、この後、酢酸エチルで抽出を行い、濃縮し、シリカゲルを用いたカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製を行ない白色の蛍光を有する粉末１５部を得た。ＦＤ−ＭＳよる分子量分析により、化合物（１１）であることを確認した。
以下に本発明の化合物を用いた実施例を示す。本例では、電極面積２ｍｍ×２ｍｍの有機ＥＬ素子の特性を測定した。
【００５３】
実施例１
洗浄したＩＴＯ電極付きガラス板上に、発光材料として表１の化合物（３）、２，５−ビス（１−ナフチル）−１，３，４−オキサジアゾール、ポリカーボネート樹脂（帝人化成：パンライトＫ−１３００）を５：３：２の重量比でテトラヒドロフランに溶解させ、スピンコーティング法により膜厚１００ｎｍの発光層を得た。その上に、マグネシウムと銀を１０：１で混合した合金で膜厚１５０ｎｍの電極を形成して有機ＥＬ素子を得た。この素子の発光特性は、直流電圧５Ｖで１００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、最高輝度１２００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、発光効率０．５０（ｌｍ／Ｗ）の発光が得られた。
【００５４】
実施例２
洗浄したＩＴＯ電極付きガラス板上に、Ｎ，Ｎ'―ジ（３―メチルフェニル） ―Ｎ，Ｎ'―ジフェニル―１，１―ビフェニル-４，４―ジアミン（ＴＰＤ）を真空蒸着して、膜厚２０ｎｍの正孔注入層を得た。次いで、化合物（２）を蒸着し膜厚４０ｎｍの発光層を作成し、トリス（８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）アルミニウム錯体（Ａｌｑ３）を蒸着し、膜厚３０ｎｍの電子注入層を得た。その上に、マグネシウムと銀を１０：１で混合した合金で膜厚１００ｎｍの電極を形成して有機ＥＬ素子を得た。正孔注入層および発光層は１０-6Ｔｏｒｒの真空中で、基板温度室温の条件下で蒸着した。この素子は直流電圧５Ｖで発光輝度１２０（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、最大発光輝度９０００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、５Ｖの時の発光効率１．０（ｌｍ／Ｗ）の青色発光が得られた。
【００５５】
実施例３
洗浄したＩＴＯ電極付きガラス板上に、化合物（１１）を塩化メチレンに溶解させ、スピンコーティング法により膜厚５０ｎｍの正孔注入型発光層を得た。次いで、ビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）（１−ナフトラート）ガリウム錯体を真空蒸着して膜厚１０ｎｍの電子注入層を作成し、その上に、マグネシウムと銀を１０：１で混合した合金で膜厚１００ｎｍの電極を形成して有機ＥＬ素子を得た。発光層および電子注入層は１０-6Ｔｏｒｒの真空中で、基板温度室温の条件下で蒸着した。この素子は、直流電圧５Ｖで２５０（ｃｄ／ｍ2 ）、最高輝度１１０００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、発光効率０．８０（ｌｍ／Ｗ）の青緑 色発光が得ら れた。
【００５６】
実施例４
洗浄したＩＴＯ電極付きガラス板上に、化合物（３）を真空蒸着して、膜厚５０ｎｍの正孔注入型発光層を得た。次いで、ビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）（１−ナフトラート）ガリウム錯体を真空蒸着して膜厚１０ｎｍの電子注入層を作成し、その上に、マグネシウムと銀を１０：１で混合した合金で膜厚１００ｎｍの電極を形成して有機ＥＬ素子を得た。発光層および電子注入層は１０-6Ｔｏｒｒの真空中で、基板温度室温の条件下で蒸着した。この素子は、直流電圧５Ｖで２５０（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、最高輝度１０２００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、発光効率１．４０（ｌｍ／Ｗ）の発光が得られた。
【００５７】
実施例５〜１５
洗浄したＩＴＯ電極付きガラス板上に、４，４’−ビス［Ｎ−（１−ナフチル）−Ｎ−フェニルアミノ］ビフェニル（α−ＮＰＤ）を真空蒸着して、膜厚２０ｎｍに正孔注入層を形成した。次いで、発光材料として、表１の化合物を真空蒸着して膜厚２０ｎｍの発光層を得た。次いで、ビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）（１−ナフトラート）ガリウム錯体を真空蒸着して膜厚１０ｎｍの電子注入層を作成し、その上に、マグネシウムと銀を１０：１で混合した合金で膜厚１００ｎｍの電極を形成して有機ＥＬ素子を得た。正孔注入層および発光層は１０-6Ｔｏｒｒの真空中で、基板温度室温の条件下で蒸着した。この素子の発光特性を表２に示す。ここでの発光輝度は、直流電圧５Ｖ印可時の輝度である。本実施例の有機ＥＬ素子は、全て最高輝度１００００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）以上の 高輝度特性を有し、また、青色から緑色の発光色を得ることができた。
【００５８】
【表２】
実施例１６
洗浄したＩＴＯ電極付きガラス板上に、４、４’、４”−トリス［Ｎ−（３−メチルフェニル）−Ｎ−フェニルアミノ］トリフェニルアミンを真空蒸着して、膜厚４０ｎｍの正孔注入層を得た。次いで、４，４’−ビス［Ｎ−（１−ナフチル）−Ｎ−フェニルアミノ］ビフェニル（α−ＮＰＤ）を真空蒸着して、膜厚１０ｎｍの第二正孔注入層を得た。さらに、化合物（１）を真空蒸着して、膜厚３０ｎｍの発光層を作成し、さらにビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナト）（１−フェノラート）ガリウム錯体を真空蒸着して膜厚３０ｎｍの電子注入層を作成し、その上に、アルミニウムとリチウムを２５：１で混合した合金で膜厚１５０ｎｍの電極を形成して、有機ＥＬ素子を得た。正孔注入層および発光層は１０-6Ｔｏｒｒの真空中で、基板温度室温の条件下で蒸着した。この素子は、直流電圧５Ｖで発光輝度６１０（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、最大発光輝度２５０００（ｃｄ／ ｍ2）、発光効率２．１（ｌｍ／Ｗ）の青色発光が得られた。
【００６０】
実施例１７
ＩＴＯ電極と４，４’−ビス［Ｎ−（１−ナフチル）−Ｎ−フェニルアミノ］ビフェニル（α−ＮＰＤ）との間に、無金属フタロシアニンの膜厚５ｎｍの正孔注入層を設ける以外は、実施例３と同様の方法で有機ＥＬ素子を作製した。この素子は、直流電圧５Ｖで１０００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、最高輝度１３０００（ｃ ｄ／ｍ2）、発光効率１．００（ｌｍ／Ｗ）の青緑色発光が得られた。
【００６１】
実施例１８
４、４’、４”−トリス［Ｎ−（３−メチルフェニル）−Ｎ−フェニルアミノ］トリフェニルアミンの代わりに無金属フタロシアニンの膜厚２０ｎｍの正孔注入層を設ける以外は、実施例１６と同様の方法で有機ＥＬ素子を作製した。この素子は、直流電圧５Ｖで２００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、最高輝度１２０００（ｃｄ／ｍ 2）、発光効率１．１０（ｌｍ／Ｗ）の青緑色発光が得られた。
【００６２】
実施例１９
発光層として、化合物（１）：化合物（１０）を１：１００の割合で蒸着した膜厚１０ｎｍの正孔注入層を設ける以外は、実施例１６と同様の方法で有機ＥＬ素子を作製した。この素子は、直流電圧５Ｖで１０００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、最高 輝度２００００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、発光効率１．８０（ｌｍ／Ｗ）の青緑色発光が 得られた。
【００６３】
実施例２０
発光層として、化合物（３）：ビス（２−メチル−８−ヒドロキシキノリナート）（フェノラート）ガリウム錯体を１：１００の割合で蒸着した膜厚１０ｎｍの正孔注入層を設ける以外は、実施例１６と同様の方法で有機ＥＬ素子を作製した。この素子は、直流電圧５Ｖで２００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）、最高輝度１８０００（ ｃｄ／ｍ 2）、発光効率１．１０（ｌｍ／Ｗ）の青色発光が得られた。
【００６４】
本実施例で示された有機ＥＬ素子は、二層型以上の素子構成において、最大発光輝度１００００（ｃｄ／ｍ2）以上の発光が得られ、高い発光効率を得る ことができた。本実施例で示された有機ＥＬ素子について、３（ｍＡ／ｃｍ2） で連続発光させたところ、１０００時間以上安定な発光を観測することができた。
本発明の有機ＥＬ素子は発光効率、発光輝度の向上と長寿命化を達成するものであり、併せて使用される発光材料、ドーピング材料、正孔注入材料、電子注入材料、増感剤、樹脂、電極材料等および素子作製方法を限定するものではない。
【００６５】
【発明の効果】
本発明の有機ＥＬ用発光材料を発光材料として使用した有機ＥＬ素子は、従来に比べて高い発光効率で高輝度の発光を示し、長寿命の有機ＥＬ素子を得ることができた。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a light-emitting material for organic electroluminescence (EL) elements and a high-luminance light-emitting element used for flat light sources and displays.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An EL element using an organic substance is considered to be promising for use as an inexpensive large-area full-color display element of a solid light emitting type, and many developments have been made. In general, an EL element is composed of a light emitting layer and a pair of counter electrodes sandwiching the layer. In light emission, when an electric field is applied between both electrodes, electrons are injected from the cathode side and holes are injected from the anode side. Furthermore, the electrons are recombined with holes in the light emitting layer, and energy is emitted as light when the energy level returns from the conduction band to the valence band.
[0003]
Conventional organic EL elements have a higher driving voltage and lower light emission luminance and light emission efficiency than inorganic EL elements. Further, the characteristic deterioration has been remarkably not put into practical use.
In recent years, organic EL devices in which thin films containing organic compounds with high fluorescence quantum efficiency that emit light at a low voltage of 10 V or less have been reported and attracted attention (Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 51, page 913). 1987). This method uses a metal chelate complex as a light emitting layer and an amine compound as a hole injection layer to obtain high luminance green light emission. The luminance is several thousand cd / m 2 at a direct current voltage of 6 to 7 V, maximum. The luminous efficiency is 1.5 lm / W, and the performance is close to the practical range.
[0004]
However, the organic EL devices up to now have improved light emission intensity due to the improvement of the structure, but do not yet have sufficient light emission luminance. Moreover, it has a big problem that it is inferior in stability during repeated use. This is because, for example, metal chelate complexes such as tris (8-hydroxyquinolinate) aluminum complex are chemically unstable during electroluminescence, poor adhesion to the cathode, and greatly deteriorated in a short time of light emission. It was. For the above reasons, in order to develop an organic EL device having high luminous brightness and luminous efficiency and excellent stability during repeated use, the development of a light-emitting material with excellent luminous ability and durability has been developed. It is desired.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL device having high emission luminance and excellent stability in repeated use. As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, the organic EL device using the light emitting material for the organic EL device represented by the general formula [1] in the light emitting layer has high light emission luminance and light emission efficiency, and stability during repeated use. The inventors have found that the present invention is excellent and have come to make the present invention.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a light emitting material for an organic electroluminescence device represented by the following general formula [1].
General formula [1]
[0007]
[Chemical 2]
[Wherein Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently an aromatic ring, a condensed aromatic ring, a heteroaromatic ring, a condensed heteroaromatic ring, which may contain a substituted or unsubstituted oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atom , or It represents an arylene group having a skeleton in which two or more of the same or different ring structural units are bonded . A, B, C, D, and E each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxygen, nitrogen, or an aryl group that may contain an oxygen atom, and A and B or C and Each D may be integrated. ]
Further, the present invention is Ar 1 and Ar 2 are p- phenylene group, A, B, C, D, and E, the organic electroluminescence device for emitting material are each substituted independently by may phenyl About.
[0009]
Further, the present invention provides an organic electroluminescent device in which a light emitting layer or a plurality of organic compound thin films including a light emitting layer is formed between a pair of electrodes, wherein the light emitting layer is a layer containing the organic electroluminescent device material. The present invention relates to an electroluminescence element. [Wherein, Ar 1 to Ar 2 each independently represents an arylene group which may contain a substituted or unsubstituted oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atom. A, B, C, D, and E each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxygen, nitrogen, or an aryl group that may contain an oxygen atom; Each D may be united to form a new ring. ]
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0011]
Ar 1 and Ar 2 in the compound represented by the general formula [1] in the present invention are each independently an aromatic ring, condensed aromatic ring, heteroaromatic ring or condensed containing a substituted or unsubstituted oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom. A heteroaromatic ring or an arylene group having a skeleton in which two or more of the same or different ring structural units are bonded . Specific examples of Ar 1 to Ar 2 are benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, pyrene, chrysene, naphthacene, perylene, azulene, fluorenone, anthraquinone, dibenzosuberenone, tetracyanoquinodimethane, etc. A divalent residue of a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring or condensed aromatic ring, or furan, thiophene, pyrrole, pyridine, pyrone, oxazole, pyrazine, oxadiazole, triazole, thiadiazole, indole, quinoline, isoquinoline, Carbazole, acridine, thioxanthone, coumarin, acridone, diphenylene sulfone, quinoxaline, benzothiazole, phenazine, phenanthroline, phenothiazine, quinacridone, flavans Emissions, a divalent residue of a heteroaromatic ring or fused heteroaromatic ring such as indanthrone.
[0012]
Furthermore, biphenyl, terphenyl, binaphthyl, bifluorenylidene, bipyridine, biquinoline , bithiophene, phenylbenzotriazole, phenylbenzimidazole, phenylacridine, bis (benzoxazolyl) thiophene, bis (phenyloxazolyl) benzene, It is a divalent residue having a skeleton in which two or more of the same or different ring structural units such as biphenylylphenyloxadiazole, diphenylbenzoquinone, diphenylisobenzofuran, diphenylpyridine and the like are connected.
[0013]
A, B, C, D and E of the compound represented by the general formula [1] in the present invention are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atom containing a sulfur atom. Represents a group.
Specific examples of these are substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, Stearyl group 2-phenylisopropyl group, trichloromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, benzyl group, α-phenoxybenzyl group, α, α-dimethylbenzyl group, α, α-methylphenylbenzyl group, α, α-ditrifluoromethyl There are substituents of alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as benzyl group, triphenylmethyl group and α-benzyloxybenzyl group. Examples of substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups include phenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-ethylphenyl, biphenyl, 4-methylbiphenyl, 4-ethylbiphenyl. Group, 4-cyclohexylbiphenyl group, terphenyl group, 3,5-dichlorophenyl group, naphthyl group, 5-methylnaphthyl group, anthryl group, pyrenyl group, and the like substituted aryl group having 1-20 carbon atoms.
[0014]
Further, in the aryl group, an aromatic carbon atom may be substituted with a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom and / or a sulfur atom. Examples of such aryl groups include furyl group, thiophenyl group, pyrrole group, pyranyl group, thiopyranyl group, thiazolyl group, imidazolyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridinyl group, triazinyl group, indolinyl group, quinolyl group, and purinyl group. .
In addition, A and B or C and D are combined to form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentene ring, cyclohexene ring, phenyl ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, pyrene ring, fluorene ring, furan ring, Form thiophene ring, pyrrole ring, oxazole ring, thiazole ring, imidazole ring, pyridine ring, pyrazine ring, pyrroline ring, pyrazoline ring, indole ring, quinoline ring, quinoxaline ring, xanthene ring, carbazole ring, acridine ring, phenanthroline ring, etc. You may do it.
[0015]
Specific examples of the substituent of Ar 1 , Ar 2 , A, B, C, D, E include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine,
Examples of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, stearyl, and 2-phenyl. Isopropyl group, trichloromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, benzyl group, α-phenoxybenzyl group, α, α-dimethylbenzyl group, α, α-methylphenylbenzyl group, α, α-ditrifluoromethylbenzyl group, triphenyl There are substituents of alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as a methyl group and an α-benzyloxybenzyl group.
[0016]
Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted alkoxyl group include methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, n-butoxy group, t-butoxy group, n-octyloxy group, t-octyloxy group, 1,1,1-tetrafluoroethoxy Group, a phenoxy group, a benzyloxy group, an octylphenoxy group, and the like, which are substituted with an alkoxyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
Examples of substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups include phenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-ethylphenyl, biphenyl, 4-methylbiphenyl, 4-ethylbiphenyl. Group, 4-cyclohexylbiphenyl group, terphenyl group, 3,5-dichlorophenyl group, naphthyl group, 5-methylnaphthyl group, anthryl group, pyrenyl group and the like substituted aryl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
[0017]
Examples of the substituted or unsubstituted amino group include an amino group, a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a phenylmethylamino group, a diphenylamino group, a ditolylamino group, and a dibenzylamino group. In addition, each substituted group is united with each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentene ring, cyclohexene ring, phenyl ring, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, pyrene ring, fluorene ring, furan ring, thiophene ring, pyrrole ring, oxazole. A ring, thiazole ring, imidazole ring, pyridine ring, pyrazine ring, pyrroline ring, pyrazoline ring, indole ring, quinoline ring, quinoxaline ring, xanthene ring, carbazole ring, acridine ring, phenanthroline ring and the like may be formed.
[0018]
Since the compound in the present invention has an electron transporting triazole ring in the molecule, it may be used as an electron transporting material, and also has a hole transporting amine skeleton such as a triphenyl group. However, when used as a light-emitting material for an organic EL element, it preferably exhibits high light emission luminance and is advantageous when emitting light for a long time.
[0019]
A general synthesis method of the compound represented by the general formula [1] of the present invention is shown below. A compound of the general formula [1] can be synthesized by reacting a dihalide of the general formula [3] with a secondary amine derivative in potassium carbonate and a catalyst in a solvent. Instead of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia, or the like can be used. Catalysts include copper powder, cuprous chloride, tin, stannous chloride, pyridine, aluminum trichloride or titanium tetrachloride. Solvents include benzene, toluene or xylene. The above synthesis method is an example and is not particularly limited.
General formula [3]
[0020]
[Chemical 3]
[Wherein Ar 1 , Ar 2 and E are the same as those in the general formula [1]. ]
[0022]
Hereinafter, representative examples of the compound of the general formula [1] of the present invention are specifically exemplified in Table 1, but the present invention is not limited to these representative examples.
[0023]
[Table 1]
The compound represented by the general formula [1] of the present invention is a compound having strong fluorescence in the solid state and excellent in electroluminescence. In addition, since it has excellent hole injection and hole transport properties from the metal electrode, and excellent electron injection and electron transport properties from the metal electrode, it can be used effectively as a luminescent material. Furthermore, other hole transport materials, electron transport materials or doping materials may be used.
[0032]
An organic EL element is an element in which a single-layer or multilayer organic compound thin film is formed between an anode and a cathode. In the case of the single layer type, a light emitting layer is provided between the anode and the cathode. The light-emitting layer contains a light-emitting material, and may further contain a hole-injecting material or an electron-injecting material in order to transport holes injected from the anode or electrons injected from the cathode to the light-emitting material. However, since the light emitting material of the present invention has extremely high emission quantum efficiency, high hole transport ability and electron transport ability and can form a uniform thin film, the light emitting layer is formed only by the light emitting material of the present invention. It is also possible. The multi-layer type includes (anode / hole injection band / light emitting layer / cathode), (anode / light emitting layer / electron injection band / cathode), and (anode / hole injection band / light emitting layer / electron injection band / cathode). There are organic EL elements stacked in a configuration. The compound of the general formula [1] has high light emission properties and has hole injection properties, hole transport properties, electron injection properties, and electron transport properties, and therefore can be used as a light emitting material in a light emitting layer.
[0033]
If necessary, in addition to the compound of the general formula [1] of the present invention, further known light emitting materials, doping materials, hole injection materials, and electron injection materials can be used for the light emitting layer. By making the organic EL element have a multi-layer structure, it is possible to prevent a decrease in luminance and lifetime due to quenching. If necessary, a light emitting material, a doping material, a hole injection material, and an electron injection material can be used in combination. Further, by using a doping material, it is possible to improve light emission luminance and light emission efficiency and to obtain red and blue light emission. Moreover, the hole injection zone, the light emitting layer, and the electron injection zone may each be formed with a layer configuration of two or more layers. In that case, in the case of the hole injection zone, the layer that injects holes from the electrode is a hole injection layer, and the layer that receives holes from the hole injection layer and transports holes to the light emitting layer is a hole transport layer. Call. Similarly, in the case of an electron injection zone, a layer for injecting electrons from an electrode is referred to as an electron injection layer, and a layer for receiving electrons from the electron injection layer and transporting electrons to a light emitting layer is referred to as an electron transport layer. Each of these layers is selected and used depending on factors such as the energy level of the material, heat resistance, and adhesion to the organic layer or metal electrode.
[0034]
Examples of the light-emitting material or doping material that can be used in the light-emitting layer together with the compound of the general formula [1] include anthracene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, tetracene, coronene, chrysene, fluorescein, perylene, phthaloperylene, naphthaloperylene, perinone, phthaloperinone, naphthaloperinone, diphenyl Butadiene, tetraphenylbutadiene, coumarin, oxadiazole, aldazine, bisbenzoxazoline, bisstyryl, pyrazine, cyclopentadiene, quinoline metal complex, aminoquinoline metal complex, benzoquinoline metal complex, imine, diphenylethylene, vinylanthracene, diaminocarbazole , Pyran, thiopyran, polymethine, merocyanine, imidazole chelating oxinoid compound, quinacridone, rubre And there is a fluorescent dye for a dye laser for and brightening the like, but is not limited thereto.
[0035]
Any of the abundance ratios of the compound of the general formula [1] and the above-mentioned compound that can be used in the light emitting layer in the light emitting layer may be the main component. That is, by the combination of the above-described compound and the compound in the present invention, the compound in the present invention can be a main material for forming a light emitting layer or a dopink material in another main material.
[0036]
As a hole injection material, it has the ability to transport holes, has a hole injection effect from the anode, an excellent hole injection effect for the light emitting layer or the light emitting material, and excitons generated in the light emitting layer. Examples thereof include compounds that prevent movement to an electron injection zone or an electron injection material and have an excellent thin film forming ability. Specifically, phthalocyanine derivatives, naphthalocyanine derivatives, porphyrin derivatives, oxazole, oxadiazole, triazole, imidazole, imidazolone, imidazolethione, pyrazoline, pyrazolone, tetrahydroimidazole, hydrazone, acylhydrazone, polyarylalkane, stilbene, butadiene, Benzidine-type triphenylamine, styrylamine-type triphenylamine, diamine-type triphenylamine, and derivatives thereof, and polymer materials such as polyvinyl carbazole, polysilane, and conductive polymer, but are not limited thereto. It is not a thing.
[0037]
Among the hole injection materials that can be used in the organic EL device of the present invention, a more effective hole injection material is an aromatic tertiary amine derivative or a phthalocyanine derivative. Specific examples of the aromatic tertiary amine derivative include triphenylamine, tolylamine, tolyldiphenylamine, N, N′-diphenyl-N, N′-di (3-methylphenyl) -1,1′-biphenyl-4 , 4′-diamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetra (4-methylphenyl) -1,1′-phenyl-4,4′-diamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetra ( 4-methylphenyl) -1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine, N, N′-diphenyl-N, N′-di (1-naphthyl) -1,1′-biphenyl-4,4 ′ -Diamine, N, N'-di (methylphenyl) -N, N'-di (4-n-butylphenyl) phenanthrene-9,10-diamine, 4,4 ', 4 "-tris (N- (3 -Methylphenyl) -N-phenylamino) triphenylamine, 1,1-bis (4 -Di-p-tolylaminophenyl) cyclohexane and the like, or oligomers or polymers having these aromatic tertiary amine skeletons, but are not limited thereto.
[0038]
Specific examples of the phthalocyanine (Pc) derivative include H 2 Pc, CuPc, Co Pc, NiPc, ZnPc, PdPc, FePc, MnPc, ClAlPc, ClGaPc, ClInPc, ClSnPc, Cl 2 SiPc, (HO) AlPc, (HO) Examples include, but are not limited to, phthalocyanine derivatives such as GaPc, VOPc, TiOPc, MoOPc, GaPc-O-GaPc, and naphthalocyanine derivatives.
[0039]
As an electron injection material, it has the ability to transport electrons, has a hole injection effect from the cathode, and an excellent electron injection effect for the light-emitting layer or light-emitting material, and hole injection of excitons generated in the light-emitting layer Examples thereof include compounds that prevent migration to the zone and have an excellent thin film forming ability. For example, there are fluorenone, anthraquinodimethane, diphenoquinone, thiopyran dioxide, oxazole, oxadiazole, triazole, imidazole, perylenetetracarboxylic acid, fluorenylidenemethane, anthraquinodimethane, anthrone, and their derivatives. However, it is not limited to these. Further, it can be sensitized by adding an electron accepting substance to the hole injecting material and an electron donating substance to the electron injecting material.
[0040]
In the organic EL device of the present invention, a more effective electron injection material is a metal complex compound or a nitrogen-containing five-membered ring derivative. Specifically, as the metal complex compound, 8-hydroxyquinolinate lithium, bis (8-hydroxyquinolinate) zinc, bis (8-hydroxyquinolinate) copper, bis (8-hydroxyquinolinate) manganese , Tris (8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum, tris (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum, tris (8-hydroxyquinolinato) gallium, bis (10-hydroxybenzo [h] quinolinato) beryllium Bis (10-hydroxybenzo [h] quinolinato) zinc, bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato) chlorogallium, bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato) (o-cresolate) gallium, Bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinate) (1-naphthlar ) Aluminum, bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato) (2-naphtholato) gallium, bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato) phenolate gallium, bis (o- (2-benzoxazolyl) (L) phenolate) zinc, bis (o- (2-benzothiazolyl) phenolate) zinc, bis (o- (2-benzotriazolyl) phenolate) zinc, and the like, but are not limited thereto. Further, as the nitrogen-containing five-membered derivative, an oxazole, thiazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole or triazole derivative is preferable. Specifically, 2,5-bis (1-phenyl) -1,3,4-oxazole, 1,4-bis (2- (4-methyl-5-phenyloxazolyl)) benzene, 2,5 -Bis (1-phenyl) -1,3,4-thiazole, 2,5-bis (1-phenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -5 -(4 "-biphenyl) 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2,5-bis (1-naphthyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,4-bis [2- (5- Phenyloxadiazolyl)] benzene, 1,4-bis [2- (5-phenyloxadiazolyl) -4-tert-butylbenzene], 2- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -5- (4 " -Biphenyl) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (1-naphthyl)- , 3,4-thiadiazole, 1,4-bis [2- (5-phenylthiadiazolyl)] benzene, 3- (4′-tert-butylphenyl) -5- (4 ″ -biphenyl) -4-phenyl Examples include, but are not limited to, -1,2,4-triazole, 3,5-bis (1-naphthyl) -4-m-tolyl-1,2,4-triazole.
[0041]
In the organic EL element, in the light emitting layer, in addition to the compound of the general formula [1], at least one of a light emitting material, a doping material, a hole injection material, and an electron injection material may be contained in the same layer. . In order to improve the stability of the organic EL device obtained by the present invention with respect to temperature, humidity, atmosphere, etc., a protective layer is provided on the surface of the device, or the entire device is protected by silicon oil, resin, etc. Is also possible.
[0042]
As a conductive material used for an anode of an organic EL element, a material having a work function larger than 4 eV is suitable, and carbon, aluminum, vanadium, iron, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, etc. Further, metal oxides such as tin oxide and indium oxide used for alloys thereof, ITO substrates and NESA substrates, and organic conductive resins such as polythiophene and polypyrrole are used.
[0043]
As the conductive material used for the cathode, those having a work function smaller than 4 eV are suitable, and magnesium, calcium, tin, lead, titanium, yttrium, lithium, ruthenium, manganese, aluminum, and alloys thereof are used. However, it is not limited to these. Examples of alloys include magnesium / silver, magnesium / indium, lithium / aluminum, and the like, but are not limited thereto. The ratio of the alloy is controlled by the temperature of the vapor deposition source, the atmosphere, the degree of vacuum, etc., and is selected to an appropriate ratio. If necessary, the anode and the cathode may be formed of two or more layers.
[0044]
In the organic EL element, in order to efficiently emit light, it is desirable that at least one of the elements be sufficiently transparent in the light emission wavelength region of the element. The substrate is also preferably transparent. The transparent electrode is set using the above-described conductive material so as to ensure a predetermined translucency by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering. The electrode on the light emitting surface preferably has a light transmittance of 10% or more. The substrate is not limited as long as it has mechanical and thermal strength and has transparency. For example, a glass substrate, a polyethylene plate, a polyethylene terephthalate plate, a polyethersulfone plate, Examples thereof include a transparent resin such as a polypropylene plate.
[0045]
For the formation of each layer of the organic EL device according to the present invention, any of dry film forming methods such as vacuum deposition, sputtering, plasma, ion plating, etc. and wet film forming methods such as spin coating, dipping, and flow coating is applied. be able to. The film thickness is not particularly limited, but must be set to an appropriate film thickness. If the film thickness is too thick, a large applied voltage is required to obtain a constant light output, resulting in poor efficiency. If the film thickness is too thin, pinholes and the like are generated, and sufficient light emission luminance cannot be obtained even when an electric field is applied. The normal film thickness is suitably in the range of 5 nm to 10 μm, but more preferably in the range of 10 nm to 0.2 μm.
[0046]
In the case of the wet film forming method, the material for forming each layer is dissolved or dispersed in an appropriate solvent such as ethanol, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or the like to form a thin film, and any solvent may be used. In any organic thin film layer, an appropriate resin or additive may be used for improving film formability and preventing pinholes in the film. Usable resins include insulating resins such as polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, polysulfone, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, and cellulose, and copolymers thereof, poly-N-vinyl. Examples thereof include photoconductive resins such as carbazole and polysilane, and conductive resins such as polythiophene and polypyrrole. Examples of the additive include an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, and a plasticizer.
[0047]
As described above, by using the compound of the present invention in the light emitting layer of the organic EL device, the organic EL device characteristics such as the light emission efficiency and the maximum light emission luminance can be improved. In addition, this element is extremely stable against heat and current, and can be used for light emission brightness that can be used practically at a low driving voltage, so that the degradation that has been a major problem until now is greatly reduced. I was able to.
[0048]
The organic EL device of the present invention can be applied to flat panel displays such as wall-mounted TVs, flat light emitters, light sources such as copiers and printers, light sources such as liquid crystal displays and instruments, display boards, and indicator lights. The industrial value is very large.
[0049]
The material of the present invention can also be used in the fields of organic EL devices, electrophotographic photoreceptors, photoelectric conversion devices, solar cells, image sensors and the like.
[0050]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples.
Synthesis method of compound (1) 8.2 parts of 3,5-di (p-bromophenyl) -4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole in 50 parts of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone Then, 8.45 parts of diphenylamine, 12 parts of potassium carbonate, and 0.5 part of copper powder were added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 200 ° C. for 50 hours. Thereafter, it was diluted with 500 parts of water. Extraction with ethyl acetate, concentration, and purification by column chromatography using silica gel gave 11 parts of a powder having white fluorescence. It was confirmed to be compound (1) by molecular weight analysis by FD-MS.
[0051]
Synthesis Method of Compound (3) 3,5-Di (p-bromophenyl) -4- (p-tolyl) -1,2,4-triazole in 50 parts of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone 8.9 parts, 11.2 parts of p, p′-ditolylamine, 8 parts of potassium carbonate, and 0.5 part of copper powder were added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 200 ° C. for 50 hours. Thereafter, it was diluted with 500 parts of water. Extraction with ethyl acetate, concentration, and purification by column chromatography using silica gel gave 13 parts of a powder having white fluorescence. It was confirmed to be the compound (3) by molecular weight analysis by FD-MS.
[0052]
Synthesis Method of Compound (11) 8.2 parts of 3,5-di (p-bromophenyl) -4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole in 30 parts of 1,3-dimethyl-2-indazolidinone, 4 , 4-Diisopropyl (2-phenyl) diphenylamine (20.5 parts), potassium carbonate (10 parts) and copper powder (0.5 parts) were added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 200 ° C. for 50 hours. Then, it was diluted with 500 parts of water, and then extracted with ethyl acetate, concentrated, and purified by column chromatography using silica gel to obtain 15 parts of powder having white fluorescence. It was confirmed to be the compound (11) by molecular weight analysis by FD-MS.
Examples using the compounds of the present invention are shown below. In this example, the characteristics of an organic EL element having an electrode area of 2 mm × 2 mm were measured.
[0053]
Example 1
On the washed glass plate with an ITO electrode, the compound (3) in Table 1 as a luminescent material, 2,5-bis (1-naphthyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, polycarbonate resin (Teijin Chemicals: Panlite) K-1300) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran at a weight ratio of 5: 3: 2, and a light emitting layer having a thickness of 100 nm was obtained by a spin coating method. On top of that, an electrode having a thickness of 150 nm was formed from an alloy in which magnesium and silver were mixed at a ratio of 10: 1 to obtain an organic EL element. With respect to the light emission characteristics of this device, light emission of 100 (cd / m 2 ), a maximum luminance of 1200 (cd / m 2 ), and a light emission efficiency of 0.50 (lm / W) was obtained at a DC voltage of 5V.
[0054]
Example 2
N, N′-di (3-methylphenyl) -N, N′-diphenyl-1,1-biphenyl-4,4-diamine (TPD) was vacuum-deposited on the cleaned glass plate with an ITO electrode, A hole injection layer having a thickness of 20 nm was obtained. Subsequently, the compound (2) was vapor-deposited to prepare a light-emitting layer having a thickness of 40 nm, and tris (8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum complex (Alq3) was vapor-deposited to obtain an electron injection layer having a thickness of 30 nm. On top of that, an electrode having a thickness of 100 nm was formed from an alloy in which magnesium and silver were mixed at a ratio of 10: 1 to obtain an organic EL element. The hole injection layer and the light emitting layer were deposited in a vacuum of 10 −6 Torr at a substrate temperature of room temperature. This device produced blue light emission with a direct current voltage of 5 V and an emission luminance of 120 (cd / m 2 ), a maximum emission luminance of 9000 (cd / m 2 ), and an emission efficiency of 1.0 (lm / W) at 5 V.
[0055]
Example 3
Compound (11) was dissolved in methylene chloride on the washed glass plate with an ITO electrode, and a 50 nm-thick hole injection type light emitting layer was obtained by spin coating. Next, a bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinate) (1-naphtholate) gallium complex is vacuum-deposited to form an electron injection layer having a thickness of 10 nm, on which magnesium and silver are added at a ratio of 10: 1. An electrode having a thickness of 100 nm was formed from the mixed alloy to obtain an organic EL device. The light emitting layer and the electron injection layer were deposited in a vacuum of 10 −6 Torr at a substrate temperature of room temperature. This device produced blue-green light emission of 250 (cd / m 2 ), maximum luminance of 11000 (cd / m 2 ), and luminous efficiency of 0.80 (lm / W) at a DC voltage of 5V.
[0056]
Example 4
Compound (3) was vacuum-deposited on the washed glass plate with an ITO electrode to obtain a 50 nm-thick hole injection type light emitting layer. Next, a bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinate) (1-naphtholate) gallium complex is vacuum-deposited to form an electron injection layer having a thickness of 10 nm, on which magnesium and silver are added at a ratio of 10: 1. An electrode having a thickness of 100 nm was formed from the mixed alloy to obtain an organic EL device. The light emitting layer and the electron injection layer were deposited in a vacuum of 10 −6 Torr at a substrate temperature of room temperature. This device emitted light of 250 (cd / m 2 ), a maximum luminance of 10200 (cd / m 2 ), and a luminous efficiency of 1.40 (lm / W) at a DC voltage of 5V.
[0057]
Examples 5-15
4,4′-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl (α-NPD) is vacuum-deposited on the cleaned glass plate with an ITO electrode to form a hole injection layer having a thickness of 20 nm. Formed. Subsequently, the compound of Table 1 was vacuum-deposited as a luminescent material, and the light emitting layer with a film thickness of 20 nm was obtained. Next, a bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinate) (1-naphtholate) gallium complex is vacuum-deposited to form an electron injection layer having a thickness of 10 nm, on which magnesium and silver are added at a ratio of 10: 1. An electrode having a thickness of 100 nm was formed from the mixed alloy to obtain an organic EL device. The hole injection layer and the light emitting layer were deposited in a vacuum of 10 −6 Torr at a substrate temperature of room temperature. The light emission characteristics of this element are shown in Table 2. The light emission luminance here is the luminance when a DC voltage of 5 V is applied. All of the organic EL elements of this example had high luminance characteristics with a maximum luminance of 10,000 (cd / m 2 ) or more, and a blue to green emission color could be obtained.
[0058]
[Table 2]
Example 16
4,4 ′, 4 ″ -tris [N- (3-methylphenyl) -N-phenylamino] triphenylamine is vacuum-deposited on a cleaned glass plate with an ITO electrode to inject holes with a thickness of 40 nm. Next, 4,4′-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl (α-NPD) was vacuum-deposited to form a second hole injection layer having a thickness of 10 nm. Further, the compound (1) was vacuum-deposited to prepare a light-emitting layer having a film thickness of 30 nm, and further a bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato) (1-phenolate) gallium complex was vacuum-deposited. An electron injection layer having a thickness of 30 nm was prepared, and an electrode having a thickness of 150 nm was formed from an alloy in which aluminum and lithium were mixed at a ratio of 25: 1 to obtain an organic EL device. layer in a vacuum of 10 -6 Torr It was deposited under the conditions of a substrate temperature of room temperature. The device is a direct current voltage of 5V in emission luminance 610 (cd / m 2), the maximum emission luminance 25000 (cd / m 2), luminous efficiency 2.1 (lm / W) Of blue light emission was obtained.
[0060]
Example 17
Other than providing a 5 nm thick hole injection layer of metal-free phthalocyanine between the ITO electrode and 4,4′-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl (α-NPD) An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 3. This element, 1000 a DC voltage 5V (cd / m 2), the maximum brightness 13000 (c d / m 2) , blue green light emission efficiency 1.00 (lm / W) was obtained.
[0061]
Example 18
Example 16 except that a 20 nm thick hole injection layer of metal-free phthalocyanine is provided instead of 4,4 ′, 4 ″ -tris [N- (3-methylphenyl) -N-phenylamino] triphenylamine An organic EL device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. This device had a blue voltage of 200 (cd / m 2 ) at a DC voltage of 5 V, a maximum luminance of 12000 (cd / m 2 ), and a luminous efficiency of 1.10 (lm / W). Green emission was obtained.
[0062]
Example 19
An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 16 except that a 10 nm-thick hole injection layer in which compound (1): compound (10) was deposited at a ratio of 1: 100 was provided as the light emitting layer. The device produced blue-green light emission with a DC voltage of 5 V, 1000 (cd / m 2 ), a maximum luminance of 20000 (cd / m 2 ), and a luminous efficiency of 1.80 (lm / W).
[0063]
Example 20
Implementation was performed except that a 10 nm-thick hole injection layer in which a compound (3): bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinate) (phenolate) gallium complex was deposited at a ratio of 1: 100 was provided as the light-emitting layer. An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 16. This device obtained blue light emission of 200 (cd / m 2 ), maximum luminance of 18000 (cd / m 2 ), and luminous efficiency of 1.10 (lm / W) at a DC voltage of 5V.
[0064]
In the organic EL device shown in this example, light emission with a maximum light emission luminance of 10,000 (cd / m 2 ) or more was obtained in a two-layer or higher device structure, and high light emission efficiency could be obtained. When the organic EL device shown in this example was continuously emitted at 3 (mA / cm 2 ), stable emission could be observed for 1000 hours or more.
The organic EL device of the present invention achieves improvement in light emission efficiency, light emission luminance and long life, and is used together with light emitting materials, doping materials, hole injection materials, electron injection materials, sensitizers, resins. The electrode material and the element manufacturing method are not limited.
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
The organic EL device using the light emitting material for organic EL of the present invention as a light emitting material showed high luminance and higher luminance than conventional ones, and a long-life organic EL device could be obtained.
Claims (3)
一般式［１］
General formula [1]
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| JP23670298A JP3924943B2 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 1998-08-24 | Organic electroluminescent device material and organic electroluminescent device using the same |
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| US6656608B1 (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2003-12-02 | Konica Corporation | Electroluminescent material, electroluminescent element and color conversion filter |
| JP5223163B2 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2013-06-26 | 東レ株式会社 | Light emitting element |
| CN100366703C (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2008-02-06 | 出光兴产株式会社 | Material for organic electroluminescent device and organic electroluminescent device using the same |
| EP2169028B1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2018-11-21 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Material for organic electroluminescent devices and organic electroluminescent devices made by using the same |
| JP4356363B2 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2009-11-04 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | Organic electroluminescence element and display device having the same |
| JP5104816B2 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2012-12-19 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | Organic electroluminescence element and display device having the same |
| EP1424381A3 (en) * | 2002-11-26 | 2005-01-19 | Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. | Organic electroluminescent element, and display and illuminator |
| CN104370834B (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2017-04-19 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | Triazole derivative |
| EP2229382B1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2012-07-18 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co, Ltd. | Triazole derivative, light-emitting element, light-emitting device, and electronic device |
| US8101771B2 (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2012-01-24 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Triazole derivative, and light-emitting element, light-emitting device, and electronic device using triazole derivative |
| KR20110116184A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2011-10-25 | 호도가야 가가쿠 고교 가부시키가이샤 | Compound having triazole ring structure with pyridyl group attached thereto, and organic electroluminescent element |
| EP2489664A4 (en) | 2009-10-16 | 2013-04-03 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Fluorene-containing aromatic compound, material for organic electroluminescent element, and organic electroluminescent element using same |
| TWI492944B (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2015-07-21 | Semiconductor Energy Lab | Triazole derivative, and light-emitting element, light-emitting device, electronic device and lighting device using the triazole derivative |
| WO2014011491A1 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-01-16 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Carbazole substituted triazole, triazine, and tetrazine ambipolar host materials and devices |
| CN106699735A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-24 | 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 | Triazole compound and light-emitting device |
| CN106938999A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-11 | 瑞声光电科技(常州)有限公司 | A kind of triazole compounds and its luminescent device |
| WO2021029464A1 (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2021-02-18 | 단국대학교 천안캠퍼스 산학협력단 | Organic material and organic light emitting diode containing same |
| CN110981821A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-10 | 吉林大学 | Fluorescent probes and their use for detecting nerve agents |
| CN117659054B (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-03-29 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-arm organic photoelectric small molecule and preparation method and application thereof |
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| JP2937015B2 (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1999-08-23 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Organic electroluminescence device |
| JPH07228650A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1995-08-29 | Unitika Ltd | Polymer for electroluminescent element |
| JP3758694B2 (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 2006-03-22 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社 | Organic thin film EL device |
| JP3635708B2 (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 2005-04-06 | 出光興産株式会社 | Organic electroluminescence device |
| JP3767049B2 (en) * | 1996-11-25 | 2006-04-19 | 東洋インキ製造株式会社 | Organic electroluminescence device material and organic electroluminescence device using the same |
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