JP3919434B2 - Body support mechanism of single-shaft bogie, railcar bogie using the same, and railcar using the bogie - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mechanism for supporting a vehicle body of a railway vehicle by a single-shaft carriage, a single-shaft carriage using the same, and a railway vehicle using the carriage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
At present, a two-shaft bogie is the mainstream as a running device for a railway vehicle. In a two-shaft bogie, a general method is to support the vehicle body with two or four springs per bogie near the center of the bogie frame incorporating two front and rear wheel axles. In recent years, the weight of the vehicle body has been reduced, and there has been a case in which there is a margin in the burden load on the wheel axle, and there have been cases where two axes are not required for the carriage in terms of load. Compared to the case of using two 2-axle carts for one vehicle, if two single-axle carts are used for one vehicle, the number of wheel shafts is halved, and the related parts such as bearings and driving devices are also halved. . As a result, it goes without saying that weight and cost are reduced, and maintenance work is halved.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the uniaxial cart cannot stand on the rail with the cart itself. That is, even when the vehicle body is supported by a spring at the center position of the axle, there is a problem that the carriage frame is tilted around the axle center due to unbalance due to the mass of devices such as brakes and motors asymmetrically attached to the carriage frame. At one end of the bogie frame, there is a traction device for transmitting traction force and braking force from the bogie to the vehicle body. The tilt of the bogie frame applies an unreasonable force to the rubber at the fulcrum of the traction link, which is disadvantageous in strength.
[0004]
The axle box is guided back and forth from the carriage frame by the axle box guard, and slides up and down by the deflection of the axle spring due to vibration during travel. For this reason, when the bogie frame is inclined, problems such as uneven wear occur in the sliding plate of the guide portion.
[0005]
FIG. 1A and FIG. 2A show the principle (mechanical action diagram) of a conventional single-shaft carriage support mechanism. FIG. 1A shows an example in which two vehicle body support springs are used for one carriage, and FIG. 2A shows an example in which four vehicle body support springs are used for one carriage. FIG. 3 shows an actual structure (side view) of a conventional cart support mechanism corresponding to FIG. It is assumed that a weight mg device is attached in a biased manner on any of the bogie frames in FIGS. 1 (A) and 2 (A).
[0006]
1A and 2A, reference numeral 1 denotes a vehicle body, 2 denotes a bogie frame, 3 denotes a wheel shaft, 4 denotes a bearing, 50 and 55 denote vehicle body support springs, 7 denotes a traction link, and 8 denotes a bogie frame 2. Devices such as brakes and motors attached, 0 indicates the center of the axle (bearing). Further, a represents the distance from the axle center 0 to the center of the vehicle body support spring 55, and L represents the distance from the axle center 0 to the mass center of the device 8. The traction link 7 is configured to transmit traction force and braking force from the carriage to the vehicle body 1 at one end of the carriage frame 2.
[0007]
In the conventional vehicle body support mechanism shown in FIG. 1 (A) and FIG. 2 (A), from the unbalance due to the mass mg of the device 8 attached to the carriage frame 2 asymmetrically, FIG. 1 (B) and FIG. As shown in B), the carriage frame 2 is tilted around the axle center 0. As a result, an unreasonable force is applied to the rubber or the like at the fulcrum of the traction link 7, which is disadvantageous in strength. In addition, the tilt of the carriage frame 2 causes problems such as uneven wear on the sliding plate of the guide portion.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and the bogie frame is statically leveled so that the bogie frame does not tilt around the axle center and adversely affect the towing device, the axle box guard file, etc. It is an object to provide a means for maintaining the above.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the vehicle body support mechanism according to the first aspect of the present invention balances the eccentric moment around the axle center due to the mass of the equipment and keeps the carriage frame statically horizontal. A plurality of vehicle body support springs having a selected distance from the axle center are arranged. For example, at least three vehicle body support springs are arranged away from the axle center at a position where an equal load acts on each fulcrum (spring). In the vehicle body support mechanism according to the second aspect of the present invention, the spring stiffness of each of the vehicle body support springs is balanced with the eccentric moment around the axle center due to the mass of the equipment, and the carriage frame is kept statically horizontal. Set. As described above, according to the present invention, the eccentric moment due to the mass of the device attached to the bogie frame of the single-shaft bogie asymmetrically with respect to the axle center can be absorbed (cancelled).
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 4 shows a railway vehicle according to the present invention. Each truck 100 according to the present invention shown below is used in the railway vehicle shown in FIG. 5 and 6 show the configuration of a single-shaft railcar for a railway vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side view and FIG. 6 is a plan view seen from the vehicle body side (upper side). As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, it is assumed that the weight 8 of the equipment 8 is mounted on the carriage frame (2) in an uneven manner.
[0011]
5 and 6, reference numeral 1 denotes a vehicle body, 2 denotes a bogie frame, 3 denotes a wheel shaft, 4 denotes a bearing, 5 denotes a vehicle body support spring, 7 denotes a traction link, 8 denotes a brake or a motor attached to the bogie frame 2, and the like. Equipment, 0 indicates the center of the axle (bearing). Further, a represents the distance from the axle center 0 to the center of the vehicle body support spring 5, and L represents the distance from the axle center 0 to the mass center of the device 8. The traction link 7 is configured to transmit traction force and braking force from the carriage to the vehicle body 1 at one end of the carriage frame 2.
[0012]
The four vehicle body support springs 5 each have the same spring rigidity. These four vehicle body support springs 5 are arranged at distances a and b from the axle (bearing) center 0 to cancel (absorb) the eccentric moment caused by the device 8 or the like that is asymmetrically attached to the carriage frame 2. Is designed to keep level.
[0013]
FIG. 7 shows the principle (mechanical action diagram) of the first embodiment corresponding to FIG. In FIG. 7, the relationship of the following formula | equation (1) is materialized. Here, the contents of each symbol are as follows.
W: Load applied on the bogie mg: Weight a, b of the device 8 attached to the bogie frame 2 Distance from the center (0) of the axle (bearing) of the center of the vehicle body support spring 5 arranged on the bogie frame 2 L: Distance Wa / 2 + mgL = Wb / 2 between the center of gravity of the device 8 attached to the carriage frame 2 and the axle (bearing) center 0 (1)
[0014]
Therefore, by selecting “a” and “b” that satisfy the following expressions (2), that is, (3), the moment around the axle (bearing) center 0 acting on the bogie frame is balanced, and the bogie frame is quietly moved. Can be kept horizontal.
b = a + 2 mg L / W (2)
b / a = 1 + 2 mg L / aW (3)
[0015]
8 and 9 show the configuration of a single-axle truck for a railway vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 8 is a side view and FIG. 9 is a plan view seen from the vehicle body side (upper side). As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, it is assumed that the weight 8 of the equipment 8 is biased on the carriage frame (2). Components that are the same as or correspond to those in the first embodiment described above are assigned the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted. In this embodiment, two vehicle body support springs 15 and 16 having different spring rigidity are used.
[0016]
FIG. 10 shows the operation principle (action) of the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. The vehicle body support springs 15 and 16 are arranged at an equal distance a from the axle (bearing) center 0, and their spring stiffnesses k ₁₅ and k ₁₆ are set so as to satisfy the following expressions (4) and (5). ing. Here, the contents of each symbol are as follows.
k ₁₅ , k ₁₆ : Vertical rigidity (spring rigidity) of the vehicle body support springs 15, 16
δ: Deflection of the body support spring (from the condition that the deflection of the body support spring when the carriage frame 2 is kept horizontal)
[0017]
W / 2k ₁₆ + mgL / 2ak ₁₆
= W / 2k ₁₅ -mgL / 2ak ₁₅ (4)
k ₁₆ / k ₁₅ = (1 + mgL / aW) / (1-mgL / aW) (5)
[0018]
11 and 12 show the configuration of a single-axle carriage for a railway vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a side view, and FIG. 12 is a plan view seen from the vehicle body side (upper side). As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, it is assumed that the weight 8 of the equipment 8 is mounted on the carriage frame (2) in an uneven manner. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the component which is the same as that of the 1st and 2nd Example mentioned above, or respond | corresponds, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. In this embodiment, three air springs 25 are used instead of the coil spring used in the above embodiment.
[0019]
In this embodiment, by selecting “a” and “b” satisfying the expression (7), that is, (8) so that the following expression (6) is obtained for the three vehicle body support springs 25, The carriage frame 2 can be kept horizontal.
Wb / 3 = 2Wa / 3 + mgL (6)
b = 2a + 3 mg L / W (7)
b / a = 2 + 3 mg L / aW (8)
[0020]
As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these Examples at all, It can change in the category of the technical idea shown by the claim. For example, the type of spring, the position of the device 8 and the like are not limited to the above embodiment. Further, the type of the device 8 attached to the carriage frame 2 is not limited to a motor or a brake. That is, the present invention can be applied to any case as long as an eccentric moment is generated around the axle.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the carriage can be kept horizontal even if the heavy equipment (8) is asymmetrically attached to the carriage frame (2). For this reason, the load of the tow link fulcrum is reduced, and the cost reduction, the maintenance cost reduction, and the long life can be obtained by reducing the size and weight. As a result, uneven wear of the axle box guarding plate is reduced, maintenance costs can be reduced, and the service life can be extended.
[0022]
Moreover, when the number of body support springs is three as in the third embodiment, the number of support springs is one less than in the case of four-point support, the structure is simplified, and the cost including maintenance is reduced. Weight reduction is possible. Furthermore, even when there is a space restriction on the arrangement of the vehicle body support springs, the tilt of the carriage frame due to the eccentric mass can be effectively prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing the structure of a conventional single-shaft truck, showing a case using two vehicle body support springs.
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing the structure of a conventional single-shaft truck, showing a case using four vehicle body support springs.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a detailed configuration of the conventional single-shaft cart shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a railway vehicle adopting a single-shaft truck 100 according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a configuration of a single-shaft bogie for a railway vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a configuration of a single-axle carriage for a railway vehicle according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view and a mechanical action diagram for explaining the action of the first embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing a configuration of a single-shaft bogie for a railway vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a configuration of a single-shaft bogie for a railway vehicle according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a schematic side view and a mechanical action diagram for explaining the action of the second embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a side view showing a configuration of a single-axle truck for a railway vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and a dynamic action diagram for explaining the action of the embodiment. .
FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a configuration of a single-axle carriage for a rail vehicle according to a third embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Car body 2 Bogie frame 3 Wheel shaft 4 Bearing 5, 6, 15, 16, 25, 50, 55 Car body support spring 7 Towing link 8 Equipment such as brake and motor 0 Center of axle (bearing)

Claims (5)

1-axis bogie for railway vehicles comprising a bogie frame, one axle attached to the bogie frame, two wheels supported by the axle, and equipment asymmetrically attached to the center of the axle In the body support mechanism of
A plurality of vehicle body support springs arranged at a distance from the axle center are arranged so as to balance the eccentric moment around the axle center due to the mass of the equipment and keep the carriage frame statically horizontal. A body support mechanism for a single-shaft trolley.   The vehicle body support mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the number of the vehicle body support springs is three, and the springs are arranged at positions where an equal load acts on each spring. 1-axis bogie for railway vehicles comprising a bogie frame, one axle attached to the bogie frame, two wheels supported by the axle, and equipment asymmetrically attached to the center of the axle In the body support mechanism of
A plurality of vehicle body support springs each having a spring rigidity set so as to balance the eccentric moment around the axle center due to the mass of the equipment and to keep the carriage frame statically horizontal is provided. Body support mechanism for axle truck.   A railcar bogie employing the vehicle body support mechanism according to claim 1, 2 or 3.   A railway vehicle comprising the carriage according to claim 4.

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