JP3919177B2 - forklift - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a forklift in which a battery housed in a housing portion of a vehicle body is pulled out of the housing portion in conjunction with a fork reach-out operation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a battery-type reach forklift that uses a battery as a drive source, as shown in FIG. 10A, a battery 5 is accommodated in an accommodating portion 3 formed at the front portion of the vehicle body 1. As shown in FIG. 2B, there is one that can be pulled out in conjunction with the reach-out operation of the fork.
[0003]
At this time, for example, when the operator operates a front drawer operation pedal provided in the driver's seat, the fork and the battery 5 are connected by the connecting means, and when the fork reaches out by the operation of the reach lever, it reaches out. The battery 5 is pulled forward together with the fork from the housing 3.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the front drawing speed of the conventional battery 5 described above is the same as the reach speed of the fork, and the only way to adjust the front drawing speed is to adjust the reach speed by adjusting the operation angle of the reach lever. When the lever operation is performed, the vehicle body vibration that may cause the operator to feel uncomfortable due to a sudden change in the front drawing speed may occur. In order to suppress such body vibration, it is necessary to lower the reach speed by operating the reach lever and slowly pull out the battery 5, but there is a problem that such lever operation is very difficult and causes a heavy burden on the operator. .
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to facilitate reach lever operation for reducing the battery pull-out speed, prevent vibration of the vehicle body, and reduce the burden on the operator.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pull-out operation for pulling out the battery in a forklift in which a battery housed in a housing portion of a vehicle body is pulled out from the housing portion in conjunction with a reach-out operation of a fork. Means, hydraulic drive means for moving the fork back and forth by operating the reach lever for operating the fork, and the drawer operating means, and when the reach lever is operated And a control means for controlling the hydraulic drive means so as to make the reach speed of the fork slower than when the reach lever is not operated and the reach lever is operated (claims). Item 1).
[0007]
According to such a configuration, when there is an operation of the drawer operation means and a reach lever is operated, the hydraulic drive means is controlled by the control means, and there is no operation of the drawer operation means and there is an operation of the reach lever. Since the reach speed of the fork is switched slower than usual, the reach lever can be operated easily, and the battery can be pulled out slowly without causing vibration of the vehicle body. Mitigation can be achieved.
[0008]
Further, according to the present invention, the control means controls the hydraulic drive means so that the reach speed is substantially proportional to the operation angle of the reach lever, and when the draw operation means is operated, It is characterized in that the degree of change in the reach speed with respect to the operation angle is limited to be smaller than when there is no operation (Claim 2).
[0009]
According to such a configuration, the battery can be pulled out slowly, as well as the battery pulling speed can be changed according to the operation angle of the reach lever, and the battery can be pulled out at a speed desired by the operator. be able to.
[0010]
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the drawer operation means is provided in a driver's seat of the vehicle body and is operated by an operator (Claim 3).
[0011]
According to such a configuration, the operator can pull out the battery from the storage unit by operating the pull-out operation means when necessary.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
One embodiment when the present invention is applied to a reach-type forklift will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a perspective view of the forklift, FIGS. 2 and 3 are a plan view and a left side view of the forklift, FIGS. 4 and 5 are plan views in some different states, and FIG. 6 is a rear view of the other part. 7 is a block diagram, FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory diagram, and FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation.
[0013]
The reach type forklift in this embodiment is configured as shown in FIGS. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, straddle arms 12 are respectively protruded and fixed to the left and right ends of the front portion of the vehicle body 11 in the reach-type forklift 10. A lift cylinder (see FIG. A mast 14 that guides a pair of left and right forks 13 that are moved up and down by a notch) is erected so as to be movable back and forth.
[0014]
Here, both forks 13 are supported by the mast 14 via lift brackets 15. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 in particular, concave roller guides 16 are formed on the opposing surfaces of the straddle arms 12, respectively, and two are provided on the left and right lower ends of the mast 14, respectively. When the roller 17 is rotated along the roller guide 16, the mast 14 is moved back and forth by the operation of a reach cylinder (not shown).
[0015]
In addition, left and right driven wheels 19 are rotatably attached to the front end portions of both straddle arms 12, and one drive wheel 21 is attached to the lower rear portion of the vehicle body 11, and supports the vehicle body 11 and supports the vehicle body 11. Two caster wheels 23 that follow the progress are attached.
[0016]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a reach lever 27 a for moving the fork 13 back and forth and the fork 13 are moved up and down at a driver's seat 25 portion that is a standing space for an operator provided in the vehicle body 11. Various hydraulic operation levers 27 such as a lift lever 27b for moving and a tilt lever 27c for adjusting the inclination of the fork 13 are provided, and an accelerator lever 29 for rotating the drive wheels 21 is provided. By the tilting operation of the accelerator lever 29, the traveling direction and the traveling speed of the vehicle body 11 are determined, and a steering handle 31 for steering is provided, and the driving wheel is driven according to the operation of the steering handle 31 during traveling. By turning the direction of 21, so-called steering angle, turning is possible.
[0017]
Although not shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a brake pedal operated by an operator is disposed on the vehicle body 11, and while the brake pedal is released, the driving motor for driving the drive wheels 21 rotates. A deadman brake consisting of a disc brake that locks the shaft and brakes the drive wheel 21 is provided, and when the brake pedal is depressed, the travel motor is unlocked and braking by the deadman brake is released, and when the brake pedal is depressed, The rotating shaft of the traveling motor is locked by the deadman brake so that a braking force is applied to the drive wheels 21. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 33 denotes a head guard that protects the operator from falling objects and the like, and this head guard 33 is supported on the vehicle body 11 by a pair of left and right support posts 35 and is disposed above the driver's seat 25.
[0018]
2 and 3, a housing portion 37 is formed inside the vehicle body 11 below the steering handle 31, and a battery 39 is housed in the housing portion 37 and provided on the upper surfaces of both straddle arms 12. The battery 39 moves back and forth along the guide liner 41 that is long in the front-rear direction.
[0019]
In this manner, the drawer operation means for pulling the battery 39 forward from the housing portion 37 is mainly disposed in the driver's seat 25 of the vehicle body 11 so that it can be operated by an operator. Or it is comprised as shown in FIG.
[0020]
That is, the stepping lever 43 is housed inside the vehicle body 11 below the steering handle 31, and the substantially central portion of the stepping lever 43 is pivotally supported on the rear surface side of the partition wall 44 inside the vehicle body 11. The left end portion of the stepping lever 43 is led out along the lower portion of the front wall of the driver's seat 25. When the right end of the stepping lever 43 is stepped on by the operator to pull out the battery 39, the spring 45 biases downward. The left end of the depressed lever 43 is rotated upward against the spring 45.
[0021]
Further, the vertically long working body 47 whose upper end is rotatably attached to the left end of the stepping lever 43 moves upward in conjunction with the upward rotation of the left end of the stepping lever 43. At this time, the protrusion 51 planted on the partition wall 44 is fitted into the long hole 49 formed from the center to the lower part of the operating body 47, and when the stepping lever 43 is rotated upward to the right end, the long hole 49 is inserted into the long hole 49. The operating body 47 is moved upward while the rotation of the operating body 47 is prevented by the inserted protrusion 51. An extension piece 53 extending leftward is integrally formed at the lower end of the operating body 47.
[0022]
In addition, a regulating body 55 having a shape in which a flat plate is slightly bent in a “<” shape is disposed on the front side of the partition wall 44, and the right end portion of the regulation body 55 is separated by a combination of a spring 57 and a bolt 59. 44 is fixed. Further, a bent piece 55a bent at a substantially right angle rearward is integrally formed at the right end of the restricting body 55, and the bent piece 55a is removably fitted into a through hole 44a formed in the partition wall 44.
[0023]
In the state where the bent piece 55a is pulled out from the through hole 44a, the extended piece 53 of the operating body 47 is slightly lower than the bent piece 55a and at the rear position, as shown in particular by the solid line in FIG. The lower surface of the protruding piece 53 does not come into contact with the bent piece 55a, and the operating body 47 is movable upward from the position.
[0024]
On the other hand, in the state in which the bent piece 55a is inserted into the through hole 44a, the extended piece 53 of the operating body 47 is higher than the bent piece 55a as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. The lower surface of 53 abuts on the bent piece 55a, and the downward movement of the operating body 47 is thereby prevented. At this time, when the right end of the stepping lever 43 is stepped on, the left end of the stepping lever 43 rotates upward, so that the operating body 47 moves upward and the bent piece 55a can be inserted into the through hole 44a. Thus, the bent piece 55a is inserted into the through hole 44a by the bias of the spring 57.
[0025]
By the way, as shown in FIG. 3 in particular, a rod-shaped body 61 having a long circular section in the front-rear direction is rotatably attached to the lower side of the battery 39, and the rod-shaped body 61 moves in the front-rear direction of the fork 13. That is, it moves back and forth in conjunction with the reach operation. The rear end of the rod-like body 61 is led out to the rear of the partition wall 44, and the abutting piece 63 that comes into contact with and separates from the lower end of the operating body 47 is fixed to the rear end of the derived rod-like body 61. ing.
[0026]
Here, the rod-like body 61 and the abutting piece 63 are rotated clockwise around the rod-like body 61 as seen from the back side as shown in FIG. 6 by a spring (not shown), for example (direction of arrow X in FIG. 6). When the actuating body 47 is in a state of being lowered, the contact piece 63 comes into contact with the lower surface of the actuating body 47, and the rod-like body 61 and the contact piece 63 in the X arrow direction against the spring. When the operating body 47 moves upward, the rod-shaped body 61 and the contact piece 63 rotate in the direction of the arrow X as the operating body 47 moves upward due to the bias of the spring. Note that the biasing force of the spring that rotates the rod-shaped body 61 and the contact piece 63 in the direction of the arrow (see FIG. 6) is set smaller than the biasing force of the spring 45 that biases the operating body 47 downward.
[0027]
The rod-like body 61 has a latching piece fixed to the lower portion of the battery 39 so as to be detachable. When the rod-like body 61 and the contact piece 63 are rotated in the X arrow direction, the latching piece is attached to the battery-like body 61. The battery 39 is engaged with the lower part of the fork 13 and pulled out from the housing part 37 in conjunction with the reach-out operation of the fork 13, and the battery 39 is pushed back in conjunction with the reach-in operation of the fork 13 to move into the housing part 37. To house.
[0028]
4 and 5, the pressing piece 65 is fixed to the lower left end lower portion of the battery 39. When the battery 39 is housed in the housing portion 37, the pressing piece 65 is restricted. The left end of the body 55 is brought into contact with the left end of the body 55 and the left end of the body 55 is pressed rearward, whereby the right end of the body 55 that is bent in a “<” shape is resisted against the bias of the spring 57. The bent piece 55a comes out of the through hole 44a of the partition wall 44 forward.
[0029]
On the other hand, when the battery 39 is pulled forward from the accommodating portion 37, the pressing piece 65 is separated from the left end portion of the restricting body 55 and the rearward pressing of the left end portion of the restricting body 55 is released. The right end portion of the regulating body 55 bent to the right is pushed rearward by the bias of the spring 57, and the bent piece 55 a is inserted into the through hole 44 a of the partition wall 44.
[0030]
As described above, the present invention includes the stepping lever 43, the spring 45, the operating body 47, the extending piece 53, the regulating body 55, the spring 57, the bolt 59, the rod-like body 61, the contact piece 63, the locking piece and the pressing piece 65. The drawer operating means is configured.
[0031]
When the operator depresses the right end, the left end of the step lever 43 urged downward by the spring 45 rotates upward against the spring 45, and the operating body 47 also moves the step lever. The actuator 47 is moved up in conjunction with the rotation of the actuator 43, the actuator 47 is moved up, and the bent piece 55a can be inserted into the through hole 44a. Further, as the actuating body 47 moves upward, the rod-shaped body 61 and the contact piece 63 rotate in the X arrow direction by the bias of the spring, and is fixed to the rod-shaped body 61 by the rotation of the rod-shaped body 61 and the contact piece 63. The locking piece is locked to the lower part of the battery 39.
[0032]
When the reach-out operation of the fork 13 is performed by the reach lever 27a, the battery 39 slides on the guide liner 41 as shown by the solid line in FIG. Is drawn forward from the accommodating portion 37. At this time, as the battery 39 moves forward, the pressure piece 65 releases the rear end of the left end portion of the restriction body 55, so that the restriction body is biased by the spring 57 as shown in FIG. 5. The right end of 55 is pushed rearward, the bent piece 55a is inserted into the through hole 44a, the lower surface of the extended piece 53 abuts on the bent piece 55a, and the spring 57 is biased. The movement is prevented and the actuator 47 does not move downward.
[0033]
On the other hand, when the reach-in operation of the fork 13 is performed by the reach lever 27a, in conjunction with the reach-in operation of the fork 13, the battery 39 slides on the guide liner 41 as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. Is moved rearward and accommodated in the accommodating portion 37. Further, when the storage of the battery 39 in the storage portion 37 is completed, the pressing piece 65 is pressed rearward of the left end portion of the restricting body 55 as shown in FIG. The right end portion of 55 is pushed forward, the bent piece 55a comes out of the through hole 44a, and the actuating body 47 is moved downward by the bias of the spring 45.
[0034]
At this time, as described above, the biasing force of the spring that rotates the rod-shaped body 61 and the contact piece 63 in the direction of the arrow (see FIG. 6) is smaller than the biasing force of the spring 45 that biases the operating body 47 downward. Therefore, the lower power of the actuating body 47 exceeds the rotational force of the rod-like body 61 and the contact piece 63, and the downward movement of the actuating body 47 opposes the spring to the X of the rod-like body 61 and the abutment piece 63. It rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow direction (see FIG. 6), and the right end portion of the stepping lever 43 rotates upward to return to the state before the stepping.
[0035]
By the way, the control system of such reach type forklift 10 is configured as shown in FIG. 7, for example. That is, a reach switch 71 including a micro switch for detecting reach-out operation and reach-in operation of the reach lever 27a is provided, and a lift switch 73 including a micro switch for detecting lift-up operation and lift-down operation of the lift lever 27b is provided. In addition, a tilt switch 75 including a micro switch for detecting a tilt operation of the tilt lever 27c is provided. A potentiometer may be used in place of the switches 27a to 27c including these micro switches.
[0036]
Further, a front pull-out switch 77 including a micro switch for detecting the stepping operation by turning on and off according to whether or not the stepping lever 43 is depressed by the operator is provided. The state of each of these switches 71, 73, 75, 77 Is taken into the CPU 79, and the operation status of the levers 27a to 27c, 43 is determined by the CPU 79 based on the states of the switches 71, 73, 75, 77. The CPU 79 determines the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump driven by the hydraulic motor. The hydraulic drive means 81 including a reach cylinder, a lift cylinder, a tilt cylinder, and the like is controlled, and a hydraulic operation corresponding to the operation of each lever 27a to 27c is executed. Specifically, under the control of the CPU 79, the fork 13 is moved back and forth when the reach lever 27a is operated, the fork 13 is raised and lowered when the lift lever 27b is operated, and the fork 13 is tilted when the tilt lever 27c is operated.
[0037]
At this time, if it is determined that the reach lever 27a is operated from the state of the reach switch 71 and that the step lever 43 is depressed by turning on the front drawer switch 77, the CPU 79 operates the reach lever 27a. However, the hydraulic drive means 81 is controlled so that the reach speed to the front and rear of the fork 13 is slower than when the depression lever 43 is not depressed. Such control processing of the hydraulic drive means 81 for reducing the reach speed by the CPU 79 corresponds to the control means in the present invention.
[0038]
More specifically, the CPU 79 controls the hydraulic drive means 81 so that the reach speed is substantially proportional to the operation angle of the reach lever 27a, but when the stepping lever 43 is not depressed (the front drawer switch 77 is off) and At some time (the front drawer switch 77 is on), the degree of change in reach speed with respect to the operation angle of the reach lever 27a is controlled so as to be a solid line and a one-dot chain line in FIG. The degree of change in reach speed with respect to the operation angle of the reach lever 27a when there is a stepping operation of the stepping lever 43 is limited to be smaller than when there is no depression.
[0039]
As described above, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9, the CPU 79 determines whether or not the front drawer switch 77 is on (S1). If the front drawer switch 77 is on (YES in S1), the reach speed is limited. The process is executed to control the hydraulic drive means 81 so that the reach speed becomes the one-dot chain line in FIG. 8 (S2). If the front extraction switch 77 is OFF (NO in S1), the reach speed limit process And the hydraulic drive means 81 is controlled so that the reach speed becomes a solid line in FIG.
[0040]
Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment, when the operator depresses the depressing lever 43 and the reach lever 27a is operated, the hydraulic drive means is controlled by the CPU 79 and the reach speed limiting process is executed. Therefore, the conventional delicate lever operation of the reach lever 27a for lowering the front drawing speed of the battery 39 becomes unnecessary, the battery 39 can be slowly pulled out, and the burden on the operator can be reduced. In addition, vibration of the vehicle body 11 can be prevented.
[0041]
Further, when the depression lever 43 is depressed and the reach lever 27a is operated, the hydraulic drive means is controlled by the CPU 79, the reach speed limiting process is executed, and the reach speed is indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. Therefore, the battery 39 can be pulled out slowly, and the drawing speed of the battery 39 can be controlled to a speed corresponding to the operation angle of the reach lever 27a. The battery 39 can be pulled out at a speed of
[0042]
In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the drawer operation means is a mechanical structure including the depression lever 43 has been described. However, the battery 39 is attached to and detached from the fork 13 by the operation of an actuator such as a motor by a switch operation. Of course, you may make it connect freely.
[0043]
In the above-described embodiment, when the depression lever 43 is depressed and when the reach lever 27a is operated, the reach speed with respect to the operation angle of the reach lever 27a is larger than when the depression lever 43 is not depressed. Although the case where the degree of change is limited to be small and the reach speed can be varied according to the operation angle of the reach lever 27a has been described, in the present invention, when the stepping lever 43 is depressed, the depression lever As long as the reach speed is controlled to be slower than when the step 43 is not depressed, the speed may be constant, and the reach speed need not be changed according to the operation angle of the reach lever 27a.
[0044]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to the reach type forklift has been described. However, the present invention can be applied to any type of forklift that pulls out the battery in conjunction with the fork reach operation. The effects equivalent to those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
[0045]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the hydraulic drive means is controlled by the control means when the drawer operation means is operated and the reach lever is operated. Since the reach speed of the fork is switched slower than when there is no operation and the reach lever is operated, the reach lever can be operated easily, and there is no vibration of the vehicle body, and the battery can be slowly pulled out, It is possible to reduce the burden on the worker as in the past.
[0047]
According to the second aspect of the invention, when the drawer operating means is operated and the reach lever is operated, the battery can be slowly pulled out, and the reach lever is operated. The drawing speed of the battery can be controlled to a speed corresponding to the angle, and the battery can be pulled out at a speed desired by the operator.
[0048]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the operator can pull out the battery from the housing portion by operating the pull-out operation means when necessary.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a reach-type forklift according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a reach-type forklift according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a reach-type forklift according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a part of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of some different states according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a rear view of another part of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of another part of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory diagram according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining operations in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory diagram of a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Reach-type forklift 11 Car body 13 Fork 27a Reach lever 37 Storage part 39 Battery 43 Depressing lever (drawing operation means)
45, 57 Spring (drawing operation means)
47 Actuator (Drawer operation means)
53 Extension piece (drawing operation means)
55 Regulator (Drawer operation means)
59 bolts (drawing operation means)
61 Rod-shaped body (drawing operation means)
63 Contact piece (drawing operation means)
65 Pressing piece (drawing operation means)
71 Reach switch 77 Front drawer switch 79 CPU (control means)
81 Hydraulic drive means

Claims (3)

In the forklift in which the battery housed in the housing portion of the vehicle body is pulled out from the housing portion in conjunction with the reach-out operation of the fork,
A drawer operation means for pulling out the battery;
Hydraulic drive means for operating the reach lever for operating the fork to move the fork back and forth;
When the pull-out operation means is operated and the reach lever is operated, the fork reach speed is made slower than when the draw-out operation means is not operated and the reach lever is operated. A forklift characterized by comprising control means for controlling drive means. The control means includes
The hydraulic drive means is controlled so that the reach speed is substantially proportional to the operation angle of the reach lever, and when the drawer operation means is operated, the operation angle with respect to the operation angle is larger than when the drawer operation means is not operated. The forklift according to claim 1, wherein a change degree of the reach speed is limited to be small. The forklift according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drawing operation means is provided at a driver's seat of the vehicle body and is operated by an operator.

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