JP3909049B2 - 放射線可視ヒドロゲル椎間円板核 - Google Patents
放射線可視ヒドロゲル椎間円板核 Download PDFInfo
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- JP3909049B2 JP3909049B2 JP2003321067A JP2003321067A JP3909049B2 JP 3909049 B2 JP3909049 B2 JP 3909049B2 JP 2003321067 A JP2003321067 A JP 2003321067A JP 2003321067 A JP2003321067 A JP 2003321067A JP 3909049 B2 JP3909049 B2 JP 3909049B2
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/52—Hydrogels or hydrocolloids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/442—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30965—Reinforcing the prosthesis by embedding particles or fibres during moulding or dipping
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/441—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs made of inflatable pockets or chambers filled with fluid, e.g. with hydrogel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
- A61F2002/3008—Properties of materials and coating materials radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30604—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for modular
- A61F2002/30616—Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2002/30971—Laminates, i.e. layered products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/442—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
- A61F2002/444—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient for replacing the nucleus pulposus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/006—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for modular
- A61F2250/0064—Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0096—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
- A61F2250/0098—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00023—Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00035—Other metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00131—Tantalum or Ta-based alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00035—Other metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00137—Tungsten or W-based alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00035—Other metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00149—Platinum or Pt-based alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00035—Other metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00155—Gold or Au-based alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/38—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of the spine, vertebrae or intervertebral discs
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
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Description
に配置されていてよい。放射線不透過粉末は、有利には最大直径10〜100μmを有し、更に有利には、粉末は直径約75μmを有する。
0.01N KMnO4 50μlをゲルから分離された水の50mlアリコートに添加する。水中でDMSOの存在は、KMnO4の特徴的なピンク色の消失により示されるであろう。DMSOが完全に除去されると、ピンク色は消失しないであろう。この方法は、DMSOに関しては、ブランク及び0.3ppm水性DMSO標準と比較すると、0.3ppmの検出限度を有する。
分子量約78000を有し、約99.7%加水分解された(Cat. No. 15129, Polysciences Inc., Warrington, PA.)PVA粉末(Kuraray又は等価物)15gを、DMSO中15%水を含む溶剤85mlと混合することにより、PVA溶液を形成した。混合物は、均一な粘性溶液が形成されるまで、約110℃で加熱した。
例IのPVA溶液の液相1cc当たり0.1gの金粉末(最大直径75μm)を混合した。2成分を以下の方法で結合させて、金属充填ポリマー溶液を生成した。第一の5ccシリンジからプランジャーを外し、第一シリンジにPVA溶液をゆっくりと半分充たした。金粉末0.05gをシリンジに注入した。次いで、第一シリンジを、PVA溶液で完全に充たし、プランジャを戻した。2方向luerコネクターを第一シリンジの先端にねじ止めし、コネクターをシリンジからのPVA溶液で充たした(prime)。コネクターを用いて、第一シリンジと同じサイズの第二シリンジとを接続した。第一シリンジからの金粉末溶液を空のシリンジ中に圧入した。これを、溶液が均一に混合されるまで繰り返した。第三のシリンジは、金を含まないPVA溶液で充たした。第三シリンジのPVA溶液5ccを、全容積約20cc、直径約1.5cmの核型中に注入した。型をフリーザー(4℃)中で約20分間冷却した。金粉末充填PVA溶液1ccを、型中の冷却溶液の上に注入した。PVA溶液9ccを、型中の金粉末溶液上にゆっくりと注入した。型を、再びフリーザー中で約15分間冷却した。金粉末充填溶液約5ccを再び型中の冷却溶液の上に注入し、第二の放射線不透過層を形成した。次いで、型を、第三シリンジからのPVA溶液で完全に充たした。
例IIに記載のようにして、2本の20ccシリンジと金粉末2gを用いて、金溶液約20ccを製造した。金充填ポリマー溶液をゆっくりと20ccインプラント型(#5サイズインプラント用)に注入し、完全に型を充たした。型レゼバにキャップをして、型が逆転しても、金属充填PVA溶液が型から漏れないようにした。型に加圧し、これをプログラム可能なフリーザー中に配置されたトルブラ・ミキサー(Turbula Mixer)中に置いた。使用ミキサーは、金属充填PVA溶液のゲル化の間、型を回転及び傾斜でき、溶液中の粉末を均一に分布させておくことができねばならない。ミキサーは、中心軸の周りに型を回転させ、中心軸に垂直な軸の周りに90°の円弧を描いて、前後に傾斜することができる。これは、ゲルになるまで、金属粒子を均一に溶液中に懸濁させたままにした。
金粉末を含まない例IIの第三シリンジ用に製造されたPVA溶液をこの例で使用した。金金属ホイル細片が、型のほぼ中心に位置するために、ナイロンの薄いモノフィラメントを使用して、金金属ホイルの細片を空の型中につるした。ナイロンフィラメントは平滑で、無孔であった。型にゆっくりとPVA溶液を充填した。次いで、型をフリーザー中に置き、工程完了後に、金属ホイルの細片をそのまま残して、モノフィラメントをインプラントから引き出した。
例IVの金ホイルを、フードプロセッサー又は他の慣用の方法を使用して、細片に切断し、金属薄片を生成する。例Iの液相ポリマー1cc当たり0.03gの金属薄片を有する溶液20ccを型中に挿入し、次いで、溶液を前記のように凍らせ、インプラントを形成する。
金コイルが、型のほぼ中心に位置するために、薄いモノフィラメントを使用して、金コイルを空の20cc型中に吊るした。フィラメントは平滑で、無孔であった。金属コイル頂上に小さい輪を通してフィットさせるあご(barb)が、フィラメントとコイルを接続する慣用の方法である。例IのPVA溶液を型にゆっくりと充填する。冷凍によりゲル化を完了させた後、金属コイルをそのまま残して、モノフィラメントをインプラントから引き出した。
11 キャビティ
12 円板
14 椎骨
16 輪
20、22 椎骨終板
62 開口
30 金属粒子
40 ホイル細片
50 コイル
60 金属粒子又はホイル粒子
Claims (10)
- 放射線不透過ポリマー脊椎核インプラントの製造法であって、
ポリビニルアルコール溶液を得る工程と、
前記ポリビニルアルコール溶液を椎間円板内に生じたスペースの輪郭により限定された型又はキャビティの一部に装入する工程と、
前記型またはキャビティを冷却して、前記ポリビニルアルコール溶液を固化し、ポリビニルアルコールの第一層を形成する工程と、
放射線不透過金属と前記ポリビニルアルコール溶液とを混合し、この混合液相を前記型又はキャビティ内の前記ポリビニルアルコールの第一層上に装入する工程と、
前記混合液相を冷却して固化し、前記放射線不透過金属を含む第一層を形成し、これによって層状インプラントを形成する工程と
を含む、製造法。 - 前記金属は、金、タングステン、タンタル、白金、チタン及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコール溶液を、前記型又はキャビティ内の前記放射線不透過金属を含む第一層上に装入し、この溶液を冷却しポリビニルアルコールの第二層を形成する工程と、前記混合液相を、前記型又はキャビティ内の前記ポリビニルアルコールの第二層の上に装入し、この混合液相を冷却して固化し、前記放射線不透過金属を含む第二層を形成する工程とをさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記放射線不透過金属が粉末である請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記粉末が直径10〜100μmを有する請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記粉末が最大直径約75μmを有する請求項5記載の方法。
- 前記放射線不透過金属がホイルの形状である請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記金属ホイルは、薄片の形状である請求項7記載の方法。
- 前記薄片は、サイズ1〜100μmである請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記金属ホイルは、金ホイル、タングステンホイル、タンタルホイル、チタンホイル及び白金ホイルからなる群から選択される、請求項7記載の方法。
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US10/244,306 US20040054413A1 (en) | 2002-09-16 | 2002-09-16 | Radiovisible hydrogel intervertebral disc nucleus |
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JP2004105732A JP2004105732A (ja) | 2004-04-08 |
JP3909049B2 true JP3909049B2 (ja) | 2007-04-25 |
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US (3) | US20040054413A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1407729B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3909049B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE310476T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003204940B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2430821C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60302412T2 (ja) |
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2002
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2003
- 2003-06-02 EP EP03012490A patent/EP1407729B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-02 DE DE60302412T patent/DE60302412T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-02 AT AT03012490T patent/ATE310476T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-03 CA CA002430821A patent/CA2430821C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-25 AU AU2003204940A patent/AU2003204940B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-09-12 JP JP2003321067A patent/JP3909049B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2005-07-12 US US11/179,387 patent/US8197547B2/en active Active
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- 2006-07-24 US US11/491,703 patent/US20060255503A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP1407729B1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
AU2003204940B2 (en) | 2008-03-06 |
US20040054413A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
JP2004105732A (ja) | 2004-04-08 |
DE60302412T2 (de) | 2006-08-10 |
CA2430821A1 (en) | 2004-03-16 |
ATE310476T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
US20050267583A1 (en) | 2005-12-01 |
AU2003204940A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
DE60302412D1 (de) | 2005-12-29 |
US8197547B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
US20060255503A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
CA2430821C (en) | 2008-01-29 |
EP1407729A1 (en) | 2004-04-14 |
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