JP3908888B2 - Exterior structure - Google Patents

Description

【００４０】
ちなみに、線材断面のせいｐと幅ｔが極端に異なると、製造過程においてラス１が丸まってしまうので、この観点から言えば、線材断面は正方形に近いことが望ましい。また、現場におけるラスの切断作業性は線材断面に左右され、線材断面が大きすぎると汎用性のある金はさみでラスを切断できなくなってしまうため、線材のせいｐはあまり大きくできない。
【００４１】
（４）こぶの数
外壁下張板３の挙動によるモルタル４のクラック発生を抑制するには、ラス１と外壁下張板３の接点を少なくするほど、すなわちラス１の単位投影面積あたりのこぶ１ａの数を少なくするほど有利であるが、あまりにこぶ１ａの数を少なくするとラス１の沈み込みを防ぐために、線材断面（ｔ，ｐ）を大きくしたりラス密度を大きくする必要が生じる。すなわち、ラス１の平板状金網領域を梁に例えると、こぶ１ａ，１ａ間の距離は梁の支点間距離に相当するのであって、こぶ１ａの数を少なくするならば（支点間距離を大きくするならば）、平板状金網領域があまり沈み込まないようにするために平板状金網領域の曲げ剛性を大きく（梁の曲げ剛性を大きく）する必要があるが、平板状金網領域の曲げ剛性を大きくすると、ラス１の切断作業性やコーナー部分における曲げ作業性（図１２（ｂ）参照）が低下してしまうし、コストアップにもつながる。
【００４２】
このような観点から、ここでは図５に示すように、長辺１８２９（mm）短辺９１４（mm）のラス１において、縦横格子状に１５０（mm）ピッチで計９１（個）のこぶ１ａ，１ａ，…を形成して、これをこぶ１ａの数の上限とした（５５（個/ｍ²））。これ以上こぶ１ａを密に形成すれば、ラス１と外壁下張板３との接点が多くなりすぎて、モルタル４のクラック発生抑制を図る上で望ましくないからである。
【００４３】
逆に、モルタル４を塗りつける際の通常のコテ圧でラス１が沈み込まない程度であれば、こぶ１ａの数は少ないほうが望ましい。発明者は現場においてこぶ１ａの数を様々に設定した実験を行ったところ、表１に示したラス仕様の下では、こぶの数が１５（個/ｍ²）以上ならば、問題となるようなラス１の沈み込みが生じないことを確認した。
なお、こぶ１ａの配置形態は適宜定めることができ、図５に示したような格子状配置の他、千鳥状配置であってもよい。
【００４４】
（５）こぶの平面的な大きさ
こぶ１ａはラス１と外壁下張板３の接点であるから、その接触面積を小さくすれば、ラス１が外壁下張板３の挙動を受けにくくなる一方で、こぶ１ａ自体の強度が小さくなる。したがって、こぶ１ａの平面的な大きさはバランスよく定めなければならず、ここでは図７にも示すように、ラス目４個分を事後的に凹ませてこぶ１ａを形成しているが、もちろん、本発明はこれに限定されるわけではなく、例えばラス目９個分を凹ませてこぶ１ａを形成してもよい。
【００４５】
（６）こぶの高さ
こぶ１ａの高さはラス１の平板状金網領域の設置位置を決定するので、モルタル４のクラック発生抑制を考える上で極めて重要な要因となる。前述のように、ラス１によって有効にモルタル４が補強されるためには、モルタル４の塗り厚中位にラス１の重心を位置させることが理想的である。したがって、ここでは２０mmに設定したモルタルの塗り厚中位にラス１の平板状金網領域が位置することを狙って、こぶ１ａの高さを１０mmに設定しているが、もちろんこれに限定されるわけではなく、モルタル４の塗り厚によってこぶ１ａの高さは適宜変更することになる。
【００４６】
（７）こぶの識別性表示
現場でラス１を外壁下張板３に留め付けるときには、ラス目の数で見当をつけつつ規定の留め付けピッチを想定して作業することになるが、実際には縦横に走るラス目によって作業者の目がちらつくため、正確な留め付けピッチで作業が行われることは稀である。しかし、前述したようにラス１の留め付けピッチはモルタル４のクラック発生に大きな影響を与えるため、本来はその作業に高い正確性が要求される。そこで、ここではこぶ１ａ，１ａ，…に赤色の塗料を塗っておき、防水紙２’（通常は黒系統の色のものが多い）に重ねたときにこぶ１ａの位置が目視で容易に識別できるようにしておくことにより、ラス１の留め付け作業の正確性・容易性を担保している。もちろん、こぶ１ａの識別性表示はこれに限定されるものではなく、防水紙２’に重ねたときにこぶ１ａが目視で容易に識別できるようにしてあるものであれば手段を問わない。
【００４７】
なお、こぶ１ａの着色塗料には防錆塗料を使用することが望ましい。これは、こぶ１ａが平板状金網領域と異なりモルタル４中に完全に埋め込まれるわけではなく、施工後においても錆びやすい環境下に置かれるからである。なお、こぶ１ａが錆びてしまうと、ここから平板状金網領域にまで錆が進行し、モルタル４の中性化を引き起こすため、ラスモルタル構造が壊滅的な悪影響を受けることになる。
【００４８】
（８）ラス同士の連結部
外壁下張板３に対して複数枚のラス１，１，…を留め付ける際には、図６に示すように左右方向にラス１，１の端部を重ねていくとともに、下段のラス１，１…の上端部に上段のラス１，１，…の下端部を千鳥状に重ねていく。このとき、こぶ１ａ，１ａ，…を重ねるようにすれば、コテ圧等によってこぶ１ａが潰れにくくなり、ラス１の大部分を占める平板状金網領域がモルタル４の塗り厚中位に確実に保持される。また、こぶ１ａ，１ａ，…を重ねていけば、ラス１の位置決め・連結作業が容易になり、施工性が向上する。
【００４９】
（９）留付具
ラス１を外壁下張板３に留め付けるためのタッカー針、股釘等の留付具には、識別性表示が付されている。例えば、図７において点線で囲んだタッカー針５の肩部分には、黄色の塗料（もちろん防錆性のものが望ましい）が塗られている。このように、ラス１のこぶ１ａ（赤色）と、防水紙２’（黒色）とで色調を異ならせることにより、既にタッカー針５を打設した範囲と未だタッカー針５を打設していない範囲とを目視で容易に判別することができ、施工性と品質が向上する。もちろん、留付具の識別性表示はこれに限定されるものではなく、防水紙２’やこぶ１ａとは異なる色調・模様等が留付具の一部又は全部に付されていることによって、防水紙２’やこぶ１ａと重なったときであっても目視で容易に留付具の有無を識別できるようにしてあればよい。
また、錆の進行の防止措置として留付具の材質をＳＵＳ（ステンレス）製としたり、留付具に防錆処理（塗装）を施すこと、錆による耐久性低下に対する延命措置として留付具の材径を太くしたりすることで、ラスモルタル構造の耐久性を担保しておくことが望ましい。
【００５０】
＜第二実施形態＞
図８は、外装構造の第二実施形態を表す一部破断斜視図である。同図に示す外装構造は、第一実施形態における防水紙２’を特殊な防水面材２に置換したものである。この防水面材２は、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂを含むとともに、多数の突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…を散点形成してなる凹凸面２ｅを室内側に備えるものである。以下、防水面材２について述べる。
【００５１】
（１）基本機能
防水面材２の基本機能は三つに大別される。第一の機能は、屋外から外壁内部に侵入した雨水やモルタル４中の水分が、外壁下張板３側に浸透しないようにする防水材としての機能であり、これをアスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂが担う。
また、第二の機能は、屋外から外壁内部に入り込んだ水分や、モルタル４中の水分、あるいはベーパーバリア６の欠陥部分から外壁内部に入り込んだ室内の湿気を屋外に逃がす通気空間を確保する機能であり、これを凹凸面２ｅが担う。
さらに第三の機能は、タッカー針や股釘等の留付具でラス１を外壁下張板３に留め付けることにより防水面材２に空いた孔を自ら修復し、防水性能を維持する機能であり、これをアスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂが担う。
そして、本発明では、「防水面材に空く孔数の増加」→「外壁下張板の吸湿によるあばれ」→「外壁下張板の挙動によるモルタルのクラック発生」という悪循環を防止することを目的として防水面材２を採用しているため、特に第一の機能及び第三の機能が重要となる。
【００５２】
（２）構成パターン
防水面材２の層構成には、図９に示すように四つのパターンが挙げられる。図９（ａ）に示す防水面材２Ａは、屋外側から順に基層２ａ、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂ、表層２ｃを積層した三層構造となっており、表層２ｃの室内側に点在する多数の突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…によって凹凸面２ｅが形成されている。図９（ｂ）に示す防水面材２Ｂは、屋外側から順に基層２ａ、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂを積層した二層構造となっており、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂの室内側に点在する多数の突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…によって凹凸面２ｅが形成されている。図９（ｃ）に示す防水面材２Ｃは、屋外側から順にアスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂ、表層２ｃを積層した二層構造となっており、表層２ｃの室内側に点在する多数の突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…によって凹凸面２ｅが形成されている。図９（ｄ）に示す防水面材２Ｄは、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂのみの一層構造となっており、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂの室内側に点在する多数の突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…によって凹凸面２ｅが形成されている。
【００５３】
（３）アスファルトコンパウンド層
ここで、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂは、アスファルト又はゴム改質アスファルト等のコールドフロー性と粘弾性を有するアスファルトコンパウンドからなる層であり、前述のように屋外から外壁内部に入り込んだ雨水や、モルタル４中の水分が外壁下張板３側に浸透しないようにする防水材としての機能を主に担う。
【００５４】
そして、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂはコールドフロー性と粘弾性を有する結果、ラス１を外壁下張板３に留め付けるための留付具によって空いた孔を自ら塞いで修復する機能（釘孔シール機能）をも有しているため、防水面材２の防水機能が留付具により損なわれることがないようになっている。このような観点より、防水面材２Ａ〜２Ｄはいずれもアスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂを含んだ構成となっている。
【００５５】
（４）凹凸面
図９（ａ）に示す防水面材２Ａ及び図９（ｃ）に示す防水面材２Ｃは、紙やフィルム等に所定の凹凸差でエンボス加工を施すことにより多数の突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…を浮き立たせて凹凸面２ｅを形成した表層２ｃをアスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂに貼り合わせた構成となっている。ここで、表層２ｃにおける凹凸面２ｅは、樹脂やゴム等からなる多数の突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…を紙やフィルム等に対して点在立設することにより形成したものであってもよい。また、図９（ｂ）に示す防水面材２Ｂ及び図９（ｄ）に示す防水面材２Ｄは、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂ自体の室内側表面にエンボス加工を施すことにより多数の突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…を浮き立たせて凹凸面２ｅを形成したものである。
【００５６】
いずれにしても凹凸面２ｅは、多数の突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…間の空隙により防水面材２の室内側に通気空間を確保する機能を担うものであるから、防水面材２Ａ〜２Ｄはいずれも凹凸面２ｅを有する構成となっている。ここで、突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…の配置形態は全く自由に定めうるが、通気方向を考慮して方向性を持たないような配置が好ましい。また、突起２ｄの高さ（凹凸面２ｅの高低差）は１mm以上が好ましい。これより突起２ｄの高さが小さいと、突起２ｄ，２ｄ，…間の空隙が狭すぎて通気空間としての機能を果たすことができなくなってしまうからである。さらに望ましい突起２ｄの高さは２〜１０mmである。突起２ｄの高さが１０mmより大きくなると、汎用タッカー針を使用できなくなるからである。さらにその中でも特に望ましい突起２ｄの高さは２〜４mmである。突起２ｄの高さを４mm以下とすれば、防水面材２を従来の防水紙のように巻物状にして現場に搬入し、従来通り施工することができるからである。
【００５７】
（５）基層
基層２ａは、従来の防水紙や防水紙付ラス網における防水紙部分のような古紙、綿、毛屑よりなる吸湿性の高いラグ原紙ではなく、吸湿しにくい合成繊維（例えばポリエステル系、ポリエチレン系、ポリプロピレン系）の不織布、ガラス繊維の織布又は不織布、あるいはこれらの混抄によって得られる織布又は不織布からなる。
【００５８】
この基層２ａは、防水面材２にとって必須のものではないが、図９（ａ），（ｂ）に示す場合においては、アスファルトコンパウンド層２ｂをコーティング形成する際の基盤面となる。このような基層２ａを備える防水面材２Ａ，２Ｂは、基層２ａを屋外側に向けて配置されるが、基層２ａは非吸湿系繊維からなるため、施工中の雨水やモルタル４中の水分を殆ど吸収せず、あばれを生じない。したがって、塗り厚の不均衡による硬化後のモルタル４のクラック発生要因を極力排除することができる。なお、基層２ａのない図９（ｃ），（ｄ）の場合には、アスファルトコンパウンド自体が非吸湿性材料であることから、同様の効果を得ることができる。
【００５９】
＜出隅部の納まり＞
これまで説明してきたラス１を、出隅部にもそのまま適用すると、当該部位においてモルタル４にクラックが発生しやすく、施工性も悪い。すなわち、図１０（ａ）に示すようにラス１，１の出隅部寄り端部を外壁下張板３に押し付けてタッカー留めした場合において出隅部にモルタル４を塗り付けるには、まず下塗りとしてラス１，１の表面位置（図中点線表示）までモルタル４を塗り込め（図１０（ｂ））、次に下塗りしたモルタル４の出隅部にガイド部７ａをはめるようにしてガイド定規７を設置し（同（ｃ））、最後にガイド定規７の先端部７ｂを目標として仕上げのモルタル４を塗り付ける（同（ｄ））ことになる。
【００６０】
しかし、このような方法は、モルタル４の下塗りの段階で出隅部に定規となるものがないことから、うまく点線位置まで下塗りすることができず（図１０（ｂ）参照）、その結果ガイド定規７の設置位置がずれ（同（ｃ）参照）、モルタル４の塗り厚が不正確になりやすい（同（ｄ）参照）等、手間がかかる割には問題が多い。また、出隅部においてモルタル４の塗り厚中位にラス１が入っておらずモルタル４が充分に補強されていないため、この部位においてモルタル４が割れやすいという問題もある。さらに、モルタル４との付着性の悪いガイド定規７をモルタル４中に埋め込むため、ガイド定規７の先端部７ｂの両側においてモルタル４が割れやすい（図１０（ｄ）参照）といった問題もある。
【００６１】
このような問題は、図１１（ａ）に示すような長尺のコーナー定規８を使用することによって解決される。このコーナー定規８は、外壁下張板３の屋外側出隅部に沿って固定される二辺のコーナー取付部８ａ，８ａと、これらコーナー取付部８ａ，８ａのなす外角を二等分するラス支持部８ｂとで断面三股形状を呈している。
【００６２】
ラス支持部８ｂは適度な曲げ強度を有している。これは、図１２（ｂ）に示すようにラス支持部８ｂの先端を定規にしてラス１を折り曲げるためである。
また、ラス支持部８ｂには、モルタル挿通孔８ｃ，８ｃ，…が穿設されている。これは、モルタル４中に異質の部材を埋設すると当該部位においてモルタル４が割れやすいことから、ラス支持部８ｂの開放度を高めることにより、出隅部においてモルタル４が割れることを防止するために設けたものである。
なお、モルタル挿通孔８ｃの形状はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば図１１（ｂ），（ｃ）に示すようなものであってもよい。
【００６３】
続いて、コーナー定規８の使用方法を説明する。まずコーナー定規８のコーナー取付部８ａ，８ａを外壁下張板３の屋外側出隅部に沿ってタッカー針等で固定し（図１２（ａ）参照）、次にラス支持部８ｂの先端を定規としてラス１を直角に折り曲げて、出隅部まわりにラス１を留めつけ（同（ｂ））、モルタル４の下塗り（同（ｃ））、仕上げ塗り（同（ｄ））を行う。このとき、ラス支持部８ｂの長さは、ラス１のこぶ１ａの高さの２^1/2程度となっているため、ラス１の平板状金網領域が出隅部付近においても外壁下張板３と平行を保ったまま留め付けられ、出隅部においてもラス１がモルタル４の塗り厚中位に確実に保持される。したがって、モルタル４の下塗りが容易になるため、モルタル４の仕上げ塗りも正確に行うことができ、その結果、モルタル４全体の塗り厚が不足するということが起こりにくい。また、出隅部のモルタル４がラス１で充分に補強されているとともに、モルタル挿通孔８ｃによってラス支持部８ｂの開放度が高められているため、出隅部でモルタル４が割れにくい。
【００６４】
また、図１３に示すような、平ラスを断面略Ω字形に折り曲げ形成してなるコーナーラス９を使用する解決策もある。すなわち、まず図１４（ａ）に示すように外壁下張板３の出隅部分にコーナーラス９を留め付け、次にラス１，１の出隅部寄り端部をコーナーラス９に重ねた状態でそれぞれ外壁下張板３に留め付け（図１４（ｂ））、モルタル４の下塗り（同（ｃ））、仕上げ塗り（同（ｄ））を行う。この場合についても、コーナーラス９が定規替わりになって出隅部分についてもモルタル４の下塗りが容易になるため、モルタル４の仕上げ塗りも正確に行うことができ、その結果、モルタル４全体の塗り厚が不足するということが起こりにくい。また、出隅部のモルタル４がコーナーラス９で充分に補強されているとともに、モルタル４との付着性が悪いガイド定規７を使用していないため、出隅部でモルタル４が割れにくい。
【００６５】
【発明の効果】
請求項１に係る発明によれば、モルタルの塗り厚不足が起こりにくく、モルタルのクラック発生を抑制でき、ラスが錆びにくいため、ラスモルタル工事の品質が向上する。また、モルタルを塗り付ける際のコテ圧をあまり必要としないため、施工性もよい。
また、ラスの留め付け位置が目視で容易に識別でき、留め付け作業の正確性・容易性が担保されるため、ラスモルタル工事の品質・施工性がさらに向上する。
さらに、本発明によれば、出隅部においてもラスがモルタル塗り厚中位に確実に保持されるため、品質・施工性が向上する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 ラスの一実施形態を表す斜視図である。
【図２】 外装構造の第一実施形態を表す一部破断斜視図である。
【図３】 同部分拡大縦断面図である。
【図４】 常温引伸切断法によるラス製造方法の説明図である。
【図５】 こぶの配置・数を説明するための平面図である。
【図６】 ラス同士の連結部を示す部分立面図である。
【図７】 タッカー針の斜視図である。
【図８】 外装構造の第二実施形態を表す一部破断斜視図である。
【図９】 図８に示した防水面材の構成パターンを表す断面斜視図である。
【図１０】 図１に示したラスを出隅部にもそのまま適用した場合の問題点を説明するための横断面図である。
【図１１】 （ａ）はコーナー定規の斜視図であり、（ｂ），（ｃ）はモルタル挿通孔の配置例を示す部分側面図である。
【図１２】 図１１に示したコーナー定規を用いて出隅部を納める手法を表す横断面図である。
【図１３】 コーナーラスの斜視図である。
【図１４】 図１３に示したコーナーラスを用いて出隅部を納める手法を表す横断面図である。
【図１５】 従来の波形ラスを表す斜視図である。
【図１６】 図１５に示した波形ラスを用いた従来の外装構造を表す一部破断斜視図である。
【図１７】 図１６に示した従来の外装構造における問題点を説明するための部分拡大縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ … ラス
１ａ … こぶ
１’ … 波形ラス
２，２Ａ〜２Ｄ … 防水面材
２ａ … 基層
２ｂ … アスファルトコンパウンド層
２ｃ … 表層
２ｄ … 突起
２ｅ … 凹凸面
２’ … 防水紙
３ … 外壁下張板
４ … モルタル
５ … タッカー針
６ … ベーパーバリア
７ … ガイド定規
７ａ … ガイド部
７ｂ … 先端部
８ … コーナー定規
８ａ … コーナー取付部
８ｂ … ラス支持部
８ｃ … モルタル挿通孔
９ … コーナーラス
Ａ … 山
Ｂ … 谷[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to improvement of a lath used as a mortar coating base and an exterior structure using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A lath is a base for painted walls and painted ceilings. A metal lath, which is a type of lath, is cut in a regular interval on an original plate such as a thin steel plate or hot-dip galvanized steel plate, and then stretched in a direction perpendicular to the notch. Manufactured by cold stretch cutting.
[0003]
Here, the shape of a corrugated lath which is a kind of metal lath is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the corrugated lath 1 'is a rectangular wire net having a corrugated cross section as a whole, and peaks A and valleys B are alternately arranged at regular intervals in the short side direction to form a waveform. B extends in parallel with the long side.
[0004]
When this corrugated lath 1 ′ is used as a mortar coating base on the wooden outer wall, as shown in FIG. 16, waterproof paper 2 ′ is tacked to the outdoor side of the outer wall underlaying plate 3, and further, the corrugated lath is disposed on the outdoor side. 1 'is tacked and mortar 4 is applied.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the exterior structure using the corrugated lath 1 ′ has the following problems.
(1) One of the standards for determining the specification of the lath is the mass of the lath per unit projected area (referred to as “lass density” in this specification). However, since the corrugated lath 1 'has a cross-sectional corrugation, the actual surface area per unit projected area is large, and therefore, if the lath density is constant from the viewpoint of cost, the wire cross section becomes smaller than a flat lath or the like, and the whole is softly bent. It becomes easy. Therefore, the peak A and the valley B are crushed by the iron pressure when the mortar 4 is applied, and the corrugated lath 1 'sinks to the outer wall lower plate 3 side (see FIG. 17 (a)). Even if the mortar 4 is intended to be applied, there is actually a miscalculation that the mortar 4 coating thickness is actually insufficient (the mortar 4 coating thickness required for the fire prevention function of the mortar coating outer wall cannot be secured). There is a problem from the viewpoint of quality assurance.
[0006]
(2) As explained in (1), since the corrugated lath 1 'is likely to sink due to the iron pressure, in actual construction, there is a tendency not to apply the iron pressure so that the corrugated lath 1' does not sink. is there. Then, due to the shortage of the iron pressure, the mortar 4 is insufficiently wound around the back side of the corrugated lath 1 ′, and a hollow portion (nest) where the mortar 4 is not applied is generated. The occurrence of such a nest is not only that the corrugated lath 1 ′ and the mortar 4 are firmly attached, but also that the corrugated lath 1 ′ gradually rusts from the portion not covered with the mortar (alkaline) 4. This leads to a significant negative impact on the quality of the mortar wall.
[0007]
(3) In order for the lath and the mortar to adhere firmly and to be effectively reinforced by the lath, it is ideal that the center of gravity of the lath is located in the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar. However, the height of the peaks A and valleys B of the corrugated lath 1 'is set to about half of the coating thickness of the mortar 4, and the valleys B are fastened so as to abut against the outer wall underlay plate 3. The center of gravity of the lath 1 ′ is a position deeper than the middle coating thickness of the mortar 4 (a position closer to the outer wall lower plate 3 than the middle coating thickness of the mortar 4) (see FIG. 17B). Therefore, the mortar 4 in the vicinity of the surface is not reinforced so much that the surface of the mortar 4 is likely to crack.
[0008]
(4) From the viewpoint of easy application of mortar, it is better that the surface of the lath has less irregularities. However, since the corrugated lath 1 'has a corrugated surface, the surface of the corrugated lath 1' is corrugated. Requires a certain level of iron pressure and is poor in workability.
[0009]
(5) Since the corrugated lath 1 'is soft and easily bent for the reason described in (1), the corrugated lath 1' is placed under the outer wall to prevent the corrugated lath 1 'from sinking when applying the mortar 4. It is necessary to shorten the pitch of the tucker fastened to the tension plate 3. However, if the fastening pitch is shortened, the number of holes in the waterproof paper 2 ′ increases, the waterproof performance of the waterproof paper 2 ′ decreases, and the outer wall lower plate 3 absorbs moisture. As a result, the outer wall lower plate 3 is warped (the outer wall lower plate 3 is exposed), and the corrugated lath 1 ′ fastened to the outer wall lower plate 3 receives the behavior of the outer wall lower plate 3 properly. Becomes easy to break.
[0010]
(6) Since the waterproof paper 2 'is generally easy to extend in the width direction (the arrow direction in FIG. 16) compared to the length direction for manufacturing reasons, the waterproof paper 2' is attached to the waterproof paper 2 '. The waterproof paper 2 ′ itself sag in the width direction due to its own weight. Further, since the peaks A and valleys B of the corrugated lath 1 ′ are arranged so as to extend in the horizontal direction, the sagging of the waterproof paper 2 ′ is likely to gather on the back side of the peak A of the corrugated lath 1 ′. Therefore, unless the waterproof paper 2 ′ is non-hygroscopic, it has penetrated into the outer wall lower plate 3 due to moisture originally contained in the outer wall lower plate 3 or rain before the waterproof paper 2 ′ is attached. The waterproof paper 2 'is horizontally striped along the back side of the ridge A of the corrugated lath 1' due to moisture, rain after applying the waterproof paper 2 ', moisture in the air, moisture contained in the applied mortar 4, etc. Swell to form. For this reason, the coating thickness of the mortar 4 is imbalanced, and a horizontal stripe pattern crack is generated on the surface of the mortar 4 (see FIG. 17B).
[0011]
(7) Unless the waterproof paper 2 ′ is made of a material that does not absorb water or has been treated to prevent water absorption, the moisture contained in the applied mortar 4 passes through the waterproof paper 2 ′ to some extent. For this reason, the outer wall lower plate 3 absorbs moisture. Then, the outer wall lower plate 3 is blown, and cracks are generated on the surface of the mortar 4 as described in (5).
[0012]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lath mortar work by proposing an exterior structure that eliminates the drawbacks of the aforementioned exterior structure using the corrugated lath 1 '. It is in the point which improves quality and workability.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
First , a description will be given of a lath characterized in that a hump having a constant height is formed on one side of a flat metal mesh and a distinctiveness indication is given to the hump .
[0014]
The shape of the lath is close to a flat lath, and when the lath density is kept constant, the wire cross section becomes larger than the corrugated lath and it is difficult to sink due to the iron pressure when applying mortar. Hard to happen. In addition, since it is difficult to sink due to the iron pressure, the pitch of the fasteners (tucker needles, crotch nails, etc.) to fasten the lath to the outer wall underlaying plate can be increased. → It is possible to prevent a vicious circle such as “ablation caused by moisture absorption of the outer wall underlayment board” → “generation of cracks in the mortar due to the behavior of the outer wall underboard extension board”. In addition, since the lath is difficult to sink, a trowel pressure can be applied so that the mortar is firmly wound around the back side of the lath. As a result, the lath is completely covered with the mortar and is not easily rusted.
In addition, the humps that are scattered at a certain height on one side of the lath act as a spacer, so the flat wire mesh area that occupies most of the lath faces the outer wall underlaying plate in parallel with a certain distance. To do. Therefore, unlike a corrugated lath having a wavy surface, the ironing pressure when applying the mortar is not required so much and the workability is good.
Furthermore, if the height of the hump is set so that the flat metal mesh region of the lath is located in the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar, the mortar can be effectively reinforced by the lath and the occurrence of cracks in the mortar can be suppressed.
Also, when fastening the lath to the outer wall underlaying plate at the site, it is necessary to work while registering the prescribed fastening pitch with the number of laths. Because of the flickering of the eyes, it is rare that work is performed with an accurate fastening pitch. However, as described above, the lath fastening pitch is an important factor that greatly affects the quality of the lath mortar, so that high accuracy is originally required for the work. Therefore, in the present invention, the identification of the lath hump is given in advance so that the position of the lath hump (lass fastening position) can be easily identified visually, and the accuracy of the fastening operation is ensured.・ Ensuring ease.
[0015]
It is preferable that the lath is manufactured by a room temperature stretch cutting method and has the following conditions (1) to (5) .
(1) Diagonal dimension of the lath is longer side 24 (mm) or longer and shorter side 12 (mm) or longer (2) The thickness of the original plate is 0.6 to 0.9 (mm)
(3) Feed of original plate (step pitch) is 0.73 to 1.24 (mm)
(4) Lath density is 0.7 to 1.2 (kg / m ² )
(5) The number of humps is 15 to 55 (pieces / m ² )
[0016]
INVENTION As a result of repeated various construction experiments, in case of producing the lath at room temperature enlarger cutting method, the wire cross section is determined by the diagonal dimension of Las th original sheet thickness and feed (sectioning pitch), Las Density If the number of humps is set as in the above (1) to (5), it is difficult to bend by the iron pressure while reducing the number of humps as much as possible, and it can be cut with gold scissors that are usually used in the field, It was confirmed that lath with good adhesion to mortar can be realized at low cost.
[0017]
Further, in the lath, it is preferable that the hump is subjected to a rust prevention treatment .
[0018]
According to the lath, the hump portion that is not completely embedded in the mortar even after construction does not rust, so rust progresses from here to the flat wire mesh area of the lath and the mortar becomes neutralized. Can be prevented.
[0019]
And the invention which concerns on Claim 1 is a waterproofing surface material attached to the outdoor side of an outer wall underlay board, the elongate corner ruler fixed to the outdoor side protruding corner part of the said outer wall underlay board, A lath fastened to the outer wall underboard through the corner ruler on the outdoor side of the waterproof face material, and a mortar coated with the lath on the outdoor side of the waterproof face material The lath is formed by forming a knot of a certain height on one side of a flat wire mesh and giving a distinctive indication to the hump, and the corner ruler has the outer wall underlayment. A corner mounting portion of two sides fixed along the outdoor side protruding corner portion of the plate, and a lath supporting portion that bisects the outer angle formed by the corner mounting portions of the two sides and supports the protruding corner portion of the lath; The lath hump has a flat metal mesh region of the lath having a mortar. Its height so as to be located Riatsu medium is set, the length of the lath support portion is an exterior structure, which is a 2 ^1/2 as high as the hump of the lath.
[0020]
Such an exterior structure uses the above-mentioned lath as the mortar base instead of the corrugated lath, so that it is easy to ensure the coating thickness of the mortar, the lath is not easily rusted, the cracking of the mortar can be suppressed, the workability is good, etc. You can enjoy the advantages mentioned above.
In addition, the exterior structure is configured such that the lath is fastened to the outdoor-side protruding corner of the outer wall underboard through a corner ruler having a three-section cross section, and the lath hump has a flat metal mesh region of the lath. The height is set so as to be positioned in the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar, and the length of the lath support portion is set to be about ^21/2 of the height of the hump of the lath , The flat metal mesh region occupying most of the lath is securely held at the middle mortar thickness even at the protruding corner.
[0021]
Incidentally, in the outer structure, the waterproof surface material, with including asphalt compound layer, be provided with an uneven surface formed by a scattered form a number of protrusions on the interior side is preferred.
[0022]
In such an exterior structure, since the waterproof face material includes an asphalt compound layer having a very high waterproof property, moisture absorption of the outer wall underlay plate can be prevented, and the occurrence of cracks in the mortar due to the exposure of the outer wall under plate can be suppressed.
In addition, since the asphalt compound layer has a large cold flow property and viscoelasticity, the holes vacated in the waterproof surface material by the fasteners that fasten the lath to the outer wall underlaying plate, the repair function of the waterproof surface material itself (nail hole sealing function) ) Will be immediately closed and the waterproof function of the waterproof face material will not be impaired.
In addition, in the case where the outdoor side surface of the waterproof face material is an asphalt compound layer as it is, the waterproof face material does not absorb the rainwater during construction or the moisture in the mortar so It is possible to suppress the occurrence of cracks due to coating thickness imbalance.
[0023]
Moreover, in the said exterior structure, it is suitable for a waterproof surface material to equip the outdoor side with the base layer which consists of a non-hygroscopic fiber.
[0024]
Since the base layer on the outdoor side of the waterproof surface material in such an exterior structure is made of non-hygroscopic fibers, the waterproof surface material is raining during construction as in the case where the outdoor surface of the waterproof surface material is directly an asphalt compound layer. In addition, the moisture in the mortar is not absorbed and the occurrence of cracking is prevented, and the occurrence of cracks due to the imbalance in the coating thickness of the mortar can be suppressed.
[0025]
In the exterior structure, it is preferable that two or more laths are connected such that a hump in one lath overlaps a hump in another lath.
[0026]
In such an exterior structure, when connecting two or more laths, the humps are overlapped with each other, so that the humps are not crushed by the iron pressure or the like, and the flat wire mesh area occupying most of the lath is in the middle of the mortar coating thickness. Holds securely. Moreover, two or more laths can be easily connected by overlapping the bumps, and the workability is improved.
[0027]
Moreover, in the said exterior structure, it is suitable to attach | subject a distinguishability display to the fastener for fastening a lath to an outer wall underlay board.
[0028]
According to such an exterior structure, since the distinguishing indication is attached to the fastening tool such as a tucker needle or crotch nail, the range where the fastening tool has already been placed and the range where the fastening tool has not yet been placed Can be easily discriminated visually, and workability and quality can be improved.
[0029]
In the exterior structure, it is preferable that a mortar insertion hole is formed in the lath support portion.
[0030]
Such an exterior structure has a structure in which the lath support part of the corner ruler has a high degree of openness, so that the mortar cracks in the corner part (bare cracks) even though foreign materials are embedded in the mortar. Occurrence can be suppressed.
[0031]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements, and redundant descriptions are omitted.
[0032]
<First embodiment>
(1) Shape of lath The lath 1 shown in FIG. 1 has lumps 1a, 1a,... Having a height of 10 (mm) scattered on one side of a rectangular flat metal mesh having a long side 1829 (mm) and a short side 914 (mm). Dots are formed. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the lath 1 is fastened to the outer wall extension board 3 by placing a fastener such as a tucker needle or crotch nails inside the hump 1a and embedded in the mortar 4. A part of the exterior structure is formed in the state of being applied. At this time, the hump 1a is parallel to the flat wire mesh area (portion other than the hump 1a) occupying most of the lath 1 at a constant interval (ideally in the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar 4). It plays a supporting role.
[0033]
Here, since the lath 1 has a shape close to a flat lath, when the lath density is constant, the actual surface area is smaller than the corrugated lath, and the wire cross section is large. Accordingly, the lath 1 is unlikely to sink due to the iron pressure when the mortar 4 is applied, and thus it is easy to ensure the coating thickness of the mortar 4. In addition, since the iron pressure can be applied so that the mortar 4 can be firmly wound around the back side of the lath 1, a nest is hardly generated in the mortar 4. Furthermore, since there is almost no unevenness on the surface of the lath 1, it does not require much iron pressure when applying the mortar 4, and the workability is good.
[0034]
(2) Size of the lath From the viewpoint of firmly attaching the lath 1 and the mortar 4 to suppress the occurrence of cracks in the mortar 4 or making the lath 1 difficult to sink, the smaller the lath, the more advantageous. However, if the lath is made too fine, the mortar 4 is difficult to go around on the back side of the lath 1 and a nest is generated. This is conspicuous in a connecting portion where two or more laths 1, 1,. Therefore, the inventor repeated construction experiments, and when the diagonal dimension of the lath is longer than R = 24 (mm) and shorter than S = 12 (mm) (see FIG. 1), three laths are used. It was confirmed that the mortar 4 sufficiently wraps around the back side of the connecting portion where 1, 1, 1 overlaps.
[0035]
Here, only the lower limit value is shown for the size of the lath, but with this, the coarser the lath, the better. If the lath is too rough, the lath 1 is likely to sink as described above, and the adhesion between the lath 1 and the mortar 4 is reduced. However, since the size of the lath correlates with the wire cross section and the lath density as will be described later, the upper limit value is substantially defined by these elements.
[0036]
By the way, the dimension of the lath is defined by the diagonal dimension of the lath in the normal temperature stretch cutting method, which is the mainstream of the manufacturing method of the lath 1, after making a score on the original plate at regular intervals and then perpendicular to the score. This is because the shape of the lath is inevitably a rhombus because it is stretched in the direction.
[0037]
(3) Cross section of lath wire and lath density The cross section of lath 1 and the lath density are naturally important factors that determine the ease of bending of lath 1 (hardness to sink). Here, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), a notch of feed (notch pitch) p is made on the original sheet of thickness t by the room temperature stretch cutting method, and the original sheet is placed in a direction perpendicular to the notch as shown in FIG. 4 (b). When stretched, the final cross-section of the wire rod of the lath 1 has a width t and a fault p as shown in FIG. The lath density is determined if the material of the original plate, the width t and p of the wire cross section, and the distance u between the wires are determined. In other words, if the material of the original plate, the width t and the p of the wire cross section, and the lath density are determined, the distance u between the wire materials is determined, and the size of the lath can be derived in combination with the length of the notch. That is, there is a correlation among the five factors of the size of the lath, the material of the original plate, the width of the wire (the thickness of the original plate) t, the wire rod (feed of the original plate) p, and the density of the lath. If four are determined, the other one is automatically determined. As a result, it was confirmed that an ideal lath was obtained when the lath density was 0.7 to 1.2 (kg / m ² ).
[0038]
Here, when the original plate is a cold-rolled steel plate and the diagonal dimension of the lath is a long side 26 (mm) and a short side 13 (mm), the thickness t, feed (step pitch) p, and lath density of the original plate The relationship is illustrated in Table 1. Here, the thickness t of the original plate is set to three types of 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 (mm) in consideration of practicality, but 0.6 to 0.9 (mm). It can be set arbitrarily within the range.
[0039]
[Table 1]

[0040]
Incidentally, if the p and the width t of the wire cross section are extremely different, the lath 1 is rounded during the manufacturing process. From this point of view, it is desirable that the wire cross section is close to a square. In addition, the lath cutting workability at the site depends on the wire cross section, and if the wire cross section is too large, the lath cannot be cut with general-purpose gold scissors, so the p of the wire cannot be increased so much.
[0041]
(4) Number of Humps In order to suppress the occurrence of cracks in the mortar 4 due to the behavior of the outer wall lower plate 3, the smaller the number of contacts between the lath 1 and the outer wall lower plate 3, that is, the hump per unit projected area of the lath 1 It is more advantageous to reduce the number of la, but if the number of humps 1a is too small, it is necessary to increase the wire cross section (t, p) or increase the lath density in order to prevent the lath 1 from sinking. That is, if the flat wire mesh area of the lath 1 is compared to a beam, the distance between the bumps 1a and 1a corresponds to the distance between the fulcrums of the beam, and if the number of the bumps 1a is reduced (the distance between the fulcrums is increased). If so, it is necessary to increase the bending rigidity of the flat metal mesh area (increase the bending rigidity of the beam) in order to prevent the flat metal mesh area from sinking too much. If it is increased, the cutting workability of the lath 1 and the bending workability at the corner (see FIG. 12B) will be reduced, leading to an increase in cost.
[0042]
From this point of view, as shown in FIG. 5, a total of 91 (nodal) humps 1a at a pitch of 150 (mm) in a vertical and horizontal lattice form in a lath 1 having a long side 1829 (mm) and a short side 914 (mm). , 1a,..., And this was used as the upper limit of the number of bumps 1a (55 (pieces / m ² )). If the bumps 1a are formed more densely than this, the number of contact points between the lath 1 and the outer wall underlay plate 3 increases, which is not desirable for suppressing cracks in the mortar 4.
[0043]
On the contrary, if the lath 1 is not submerged by the normal soldering pressure when applying the mortar 4, it is desirable that the number of the bumps 1a is small. The inventor conducted an experiment in which the number of humps 1a was variously set in the field. Under the lath specification shown in Table 1, if the number of humps was 15 (pieces / m ² ) or more, it would be a problem. It was confirmed that no lath 1 subduction occurred.
The arrangement form of the hump 1a can be determined as appropriate, and may be a staggered arrangement in addition to the lattice arrangement as shown in FIG.
[0044]
(5) Planar size of the hump Since the hump 1a is a contact point between the lath 1 and the outer wall lower plate 3, if the contact area is reduced, the lath 1 becomes less susceptible to the behavior of the outer wall lower plate 3. Thus, the strength of the hump 1a itself is reduced. Accordingly, the planar size of the hump 1a must be determined in a well-balanced manner. Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the four laths are recessed afterwards to form the hump 1a. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the hump 1a may be formed by recessing nine laths.
[0045]
(6) Hump Height Since the height of the hump 1a determines the installation position of the flat wire mesh area of the lath 1, it is a very important factor in considering the crack generation suppression of the mortar 4. As described above, in order for the mortar 4 to be effectively reinforced by the lath 1, it is ideal to position the center of gravity of the lath 1 in the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar 4. Therefore, the height of the hump 1a is set to 10 mm with the aim of positioning the flat wire mesh area of the lath 1 in the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar set to 20 mm, but it is of course limited to this. However, the height of the hump 1 a is appropriately changed depending on the coating thickness of the mortar 4.
[0046]
(7) Hump identification display When fastening the lath 1 to the outer wall underlaying plate 3 at the site, it is assumed that the number of laths is used while assuming the specified fastening pitch. Since the eyes of the operator flicker due to the lath eyes running vertically and horizontally, the work is rarely performed at an accurate fastening pitch. However, as described above, the fastening pitch of the lath 1 has a great influence on the occurrence of cracks in the mortar 4, so that high accuracy is originally required for the work. Therefore, here, the position of the hump 1a is easily identified visually when the humps 1a, 1a,... Are coated with red paint and overlaid on the waterproof paper 2 ′ (usually many of black color). By making it possible, the accuracy and ease of fastening operation of the lath 1 is ensured. Of course, the distinctiveness display of the hump 1a is not limited to this, and any means may be used as long as the hump 1a can be easily identified visually when it is superimposed on the waterproof paper 2 '.
[0047]
In addition, it is desirable to use a rust preventive paint for the colored paint of the hump 1a. This is because the hump 1a is not completely embedded in the mortar 4 unlike the flat wire mesh region, and is placed in an environment where it is easily rusted even after construction. If the hump 1a rusts, rust progresses from here to the flat wire netting region, causing neutralization of the mortar 4, so that the lath mortar structure is adversely affected.
[0048]
(8) Connecting portion between the laths When the plurality of laths 1, 1,... Are fastened to the outer wall lower plate 3, the ends of the laths 1, 1 are overlapped in the left-right direction as shown in FIG. The lower ends of the upper laths 1, 1,... Are stacked in a zigzag manner on the upper ends of the lower laths 1, 1,. At this time, if the bumps 1a, 1a,... Are overlapped, the bump 1a is not easily crushed by the iron pressure or the like, and the flat wire mesh area occupying most of the lath 1 is securely held at the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar 4. Is done. Further, if the bumps 1a, 1a,... Are stacked, the lath 1 can be easily positioned and connected, and workability is improved.
[0049]
(9) Fastening tool A sticking tool such as a tacker needle or a crotch for fastening the lath 1 to the outer wall lower plate 3 is provided with a distinguishing display. For example, a yellow paint (of course, a rust preventive one is desirable) is applied to the shoulder portion of the tucker needle 5 surrounded by a dotted line in FIG. In this way, by changing the color tone between the hump 1a (red) of the lath 1 and the waterproof paper 2 '(black), the range in which the tucker needle 5 has already been placed and the tacker needle 5 have not yet been placed. The range can be easily discriminated visually, and the workability and quality are improved. Of course, the identification of the fastening tool is not limited to this, and a color tone / pattern different from the waterproof paper 2 ′ or the hump 1a is attached to a part or all of the fastening tool. Even if it overlaps with the waterproof paper 2 'or the hump 1a, it is sufficient that the presence or absence of the fastening tool can be easily identified visually.
In addition, as a measure to prevent the progress of rust, the fastener is made of SUS (stainless steel), or the fastener is subjected to a rust prevention treatment (painting). It is desirable to ensure the durability of the lath mortar structure by increasing the diameter of the material.
[0050]
<Second embodiment>
Figure 8 is a partially broken perspective view showing a second embodiment of the armor structure. The exterior structure shown in the figure is obtained by replacing the waterproof paper 2 ′ in the first embodiment with a special waterproof surface material 2. This waterproof surface material 2 includes an asphalt compound layer 2b and also has an uneven surface 2e formed with a plurality of protrusions 2d, 2d,. Hereinafter, the waterproof face material 2 will be described.
[0051]
(1) Basic functions The basic functions of the waterproof face material 2 are roughly divided into three. The first function is a function as a waterproofing material that prevents rainwater and water in the mortar 4 that has entered the outer wall from the outside from penetrating the outer wall underlaying board 3 side, and this is performed by the asphalt compound layer 2b. .
The second function is a function to secure a ventilation space for escaping moisture that has entered the outer wall from the outside, moisture in the mortar 4, or indoor moisture that has entered the outer wall from a defective portion of the vapor barrier 6 to the outside. The uneven surface 2e bears this.
The third function is to maintain the waterproof performance by repairing the hole in the waterproof surface material 2 by fastening the lath 1 to the outer wall underboard 3 with a fastener such as a tucker needle or claw nails. The asphalt compound layer 2b bears this.
In the present invention, the purpose is to prevent the vicious circle of “increase in the number of holes in the waterproof surface material” → “absorption due to moisture absorption of the outer wall underlaying plate” → “generation of mortar cracks due to the behavior of the outer wall underboard”. Since the waterproof face material 2 is used as the first, the first function and the third function are particularly important.
[0052]
(2) Configuration pattern As shown in FIG. 9, there are four patterns in the layer configuration of the waterproof face material 2. The waterproof face material 2A shown in FIG. 9A has a three-layer structure in which a base layer 2a, an asphalt compound layer 2b, and a surface layer 2c are laminated in order from the outdoor side, and a large number of protrusions scattered on the indoor side of the surface layer 2c. An uneven surface 2e is formed by 2d, 2d,. The waterproof surface material 2B shown in FIG. 9B has a two-layer structure in which a base layer 2a and an asphalt compound layer 2b are laminated in order from the outdoor side, and a large number of protrusions 2d scattered on the indoor side of the asphalt compound layer 2b. , 2d,... Form an uneven surface 2e. The waterproof face material 2C shown in FIG. 9C has a two-layer structure in which an asphalt compound layer 2b and a surface layer 2c are laminated in order from the outdoor side, and a large number of protrusions 2d and 2d scattered on the indoor side of the surface layer 2c. The uneven surface 2e is formed by. The waterproof surface material 2D shown in FIG. 9 (d) has a single layer structure having only the asphalt compound layer 2b, and the uneven surface 2e is formed by a large number of protrusions 2d, 2d,... Scattered on the indoor side of the asphalt compound layer 2b. Is formed.
[0053]
(3) Asphalt Compound Layer Here, the asphalt compound layer 2b is a layer made of asphalt compound having cold flow properties and viscoelasticity such as asphalt or rubber-modified asphalt, and has entered the outside wall from the outside as described above. It mainly functions as a waterproofing material that prevents rainwater and moisture in the mortar 4 from penetrating the outer wall underboard 3 side.
[0054]
And asphalt compound layer 2b has cold flow property and viscoelasticity, and as a result, has the function of plugging and repairing the open hole by a fastening tool for fastening lath 1 to outer wall underboard 3 (nail hole sealing function) Therefore, the waterproof function of the waterproof face material 2 is not impaired by the fastening tool. From such a viewpoint, all of the waterproof face materials 2A to 2D include the asphalt compound layer 2b.
[0055]
(4) Uneven surface The waterproof surface material 2A shown in FIG. 9A and the waterproof surface material 2C shown in FIG. 9C have a large number of protrusions 2d by embossing paper or film with a predetermined unevenness difference. , 2d,... Are surfaced to form an uneven surface 2e, and the asphalt compound layer 2b is bonded to the surface layer 2c. Here, the concavo-convex surface 2e in the surface layer 2c may be formed by standing a large number of protrusions 2d, 2d,... Made of resin, rubber or the like on paper or film. Further, the waterproof surface material 2B shown in FIG. 9B and the waterproof surface material 2D shown in FIG. 9D are formed by embossing the indoor surface of the asphalt compound layer 2b itself, thereby providing a large number of protrusions 2d, 2d, .. Are formed to form an uneven surface 2e.
[0056]
In any case, since the uneven surface 2e has a function of securing a ventilation space on the indoor side of the waterproof surface material 2 by the gaps between the numerous protrusions 2d, 2d,. Is also configured to have an uneven surface 2e. Here, the arrangement of the protrusions 2d, 2d,... Can be determined freely, but an arrangement that does not have directionality in consideration of the ventilation direction is preferable. Further, the height of the protrusion 2d (the height difference of the uneven surface 2e) is preferably 1 mm or more. If the height of the protrusion 2d is smaller than this, the gap between the protrusions 2d, 2d,... Is too narrow to function as a ventilation space. Further, the desirable height of the protrusion 2d is 2 to 10 mm. This is because if the height of the protrusion 2d is larger than 10 mm, the general-purpose tacker needle cannot be used. Among them, the particularly preferable height of the protrusion 2d is 2 to 4 mm. This is because if the height of the protrusion 2d is 4 mm or less, the waterproof face material 2 can be wound into a roll like conventional waterproof paper and carried to the site, and can be constructed as usual.
[0057]
(5) Base layer The base layer 2a is not a highly hygroscopic rug base paper made of waste paper, cotton, or flakes, such as a waterproof paper portion in a conventional waterproof paper or a lath net with waterproof paper. Type, polyethylene type, polypropylene type) non-woven fabric, glass fiber woven fabric or non-woven fabric, or a woven fabric or non-woven fabric obtained by blending them.
[0058]
Although the base layer 2a is not essential for the waterproof face material 2, in the case shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, it becomes a base surface when the asphalt compound layer 2b is formed by coating. Although waterproof base material 2A, 2B provided with such a base layer 2a is arranged with the base layer 2a facing the outdoor side, since the base layer 2a is made of non-hygroscopic fibers, the rain water under construction and the moisture in the mortar 4 can be removed. Almost no absorption and no blows. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate as much as possible the cause of cracking of the mortar 4 after curing due to the coating thickness imbalance. In the case of FIGS. 9C and 9D without the base layer 2a, the same effect can be obtained since the asphalt compound itself is a non-hygroscopic material.
[0059]
<Fitting in the corner>
If the lath 1 described so far is applied to the protruding corner as it is, cracks are likely to occur in the mortar 4 at the portion, and the workability is also poor. That is, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), in order to apply the mortar 4 to the protruding corner portion when the end portion near the protruding corner portion of the laths 1 and 1 is pressed against the outer wall lower plate 3 and tacked, Apply the mortar 4 to the surface position of the laths 1 and 1 (indicated by the dotted line in the figure) (FIG. 10B), and then place the guide ruler 7 so that the guide part 7a is fitted to the protruding corner of the undercoated mortar 4 It is installed (same (c)), and finally the finishing mortar 4 is applied with the tip 7b of the guide ruler 7 as a target (same (d)).
[0060]
However, in such a method, since there is no ruler at the corner of the mortar 4 undercoating, it is not possible to undercoating well to the dotted line position (see FIG. 10B), and as a result the guide There are many problems, however, such as the installation position of the ruler 7 is shifted (see (c)) and the coating thickness of the mortar 4 is likely to be inaccurate (see (d)). Further, since the lath 1 is not contained in the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar 4 at the protruding corner and the mortar 4 is not sufficiently reinforced, there is a problem that the mortar 4 is easily cracked at this portion. Furthermore, since the guide ruler 7 having poor adhesion to the mortar 4 is embedded in the mortar 4, there is a problem that the mortar 4 is easily broken on both sides of the tip portion 7b of the guide ruler 7 (see FIG. 10D).
[0061]
Such a problem is solved by using a long corner ruler 8 as shown in FIG. The corner ruler 8 includes two corner mounting portions 8a and 8a that are fixed along the outside-side protruding corners of the outer wall lower plate 3, and a lath that bisects the outer angle formed by the corner mounting portions 8a and 8a. The support portion 8b has a three-pronged cross section.
[0062]
The lath support portion 8b has an appropriate bending strength. This is because the lath 1 is bent with the tip of the lath support portion 8b as a ruler as shown in FIG.
Further, mortar insertion holes 8c, 8c,... Are formed in the lath support portion 8b. This is because, when a foreign member is embedded in the mortar 4, the mortar 4 is easily cracked at the portion, so that the openness of the lath support portion 8 b is increased to prevent the mortar 4 from cracking at the protruding corner. It is provided.
In addition, the shape of the mortar insertion hole 8c is not limited to this, For example, what is shown to FIG.11 (b), (c) may be used.
[0063]
Then, the usage method of the corner ruler 8 is demonstrated. First, the corner mounting portions 8a, 8a of the corner ruler 8 are fixed with a tacker needle or the like along the outdoor side protruding corner portion of the outer wall lower plate 3 (see FIG. 12A), and then the tip of the lath support portion 8b is fixed. As a ruler, the lath 1 is bent at a right angle, and the lath 1 is fastened around the protruding corner (the same (b)), and the mortar 4 is undercoated (the same (c)), and the final coating (the same (d)). At this time, since the length of the lath support portion 8b is about ^21/2 of the height of the hump 1a of the lath 1, the outer wall underlaying plate is located even in the vicinity of the protruding corner portion of the flat metal mesh region of the lath 1. The lath 1 is securely held in the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar 4 even at the protruding corner. Accordingly, since the undercoat of the mortar 4 becomes easy, the finish coating of the mortar 4 can be performed accurately, and as a result, the coating thickness of the entire mortar 4 is unlikely to be insufficient. In addition, the mortar 4 at the protruding corner is sufficiently reinforced with the lath 1, and the openness of the lath support portion 8b is enhanced by the mortar insertion hole 8c, so that the mortar 4 is not easily broken at the protruding corner.
[0064]
Another solution is to use a corner lath 9 formed by bending a flat lath into a substantially Ω-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. That is, first, as shown in FIG. 14 (a), the corner lath 9 is fastened to the protruding corner portion of the outer wall stretch plate 3, and then the end portions of the laths 1 and 1 near the protruding corner portion are overlapped with the corner lath 9. Then, it is fastened to the outer wall underlay plate 3 (FIG. 14 (b)), and the mortar 4 is undercoated (same (c)) and finish-coated (same (d)). Also in this case, the corner lath 9 becomes a ruler and the undercoat of the mortar 4 can be easily applied to the protruding corner portion, so that the finish coating of the mortar 4 can be performed accurately. As a result, the entire mortar 4 is applied. Insufficient thickness is unlikely to occur. Further, the mortar 4 at the protruding corner is sufficiently reinforced with the corner lath 9 and the guide ruler 7 having poor adhesion to the mortar 4 is not used, so that the mortar 4 is hardly broken at the protruding corner.
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, insufficient mortar thickness is unlikely to occur, cracking of the mortar can be suppressed, and the lath is less likely to rust, so the quality of the lath mortar construction is improved. Moreover, since the iron pressure at the time of applying mortar is not so required, workability is also good.
Further, the lath fastening position can be easily identified visually, and the accuracy and ease of the fastening operation are ensured, so that the quality and workability of the lath mortar construction are further improved.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the lath is securely held at the middle mortar thickness even at the protruding corner, the quality and workability are improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a la scan.
2 is a partially broken perspective view showing a first embodiment of the armor structure.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the same part.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a lath manufacturing method using a room temperature stretch cutting method.
FIG. 5 is a plan view for explaining the arrangement and number of humps.
FIG. 6 is a partial elevational view showing a connecting portion between the laths.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a Tucker needle.
8 is a partially broken perspective view showing a second embodiment of the armor structure.
9 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a configuration pattern of the waterproof face material shown in FIG. 8. FIG.
10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a problem when the lath shown in FIG. 1 is applied to the protruding corner as it is. FIG.
11A is a perspective view of a corner ruler, and FIGS. 11B and 11C are partial side views showing examples of arrangement of mortar insertion holes.
12 is a cross-sectional view showing a method for fitting the protruding corner using the corner ruler shown in FIG.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a corner lath.
14 is a cross-sectional view showing a method of fitting the projected corner using the corner lath shown in FIG.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a conventional wavy lath.
16 is a partially broken perspective view showing a conventional exterior structure using the corrugated lath shown in FIG. 15. FIG.
17 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view for explaining problems in the conventional exterior structure shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lass 1a ... Hump 1 '... Corrugated lath 2,2A-2D ... Waterproof surface material 2a ... Base layer 2b ... Asphalt compound layer 2c ... Surface layer 2d ... Protrusion 2e ... Uneven surface 2' ... Waterproof paper 3 ... Outer wall underboard 4 ... Mortar 5 ... Tucker needle 6 ... Vapor barrier 7 ... Guide ruler 7a ... Guide part 7b ... Tip part 8 ... Corner ruler 8a ... Corner mounting part 8b ... Lath support part 8c ... Mortar insertion hole 9 ... Corner lath A ... Mountain B ... valley

Claims (1)

A waterproof face material attached to the outdoor side of the outer wall underlaying board,
A long corner ruler fixed to the outside protruding corner of the outer wall underlaying plate,
A lath fastened to the outer wall underboard through the corner ruler on the outdoor side of the waterproof face material;
A mortar that includes the lath and is applied to the outdoor side of the waterproof face material, and an exterior structure comprising:
The lath is formed by forming a knot of a certain height on one side of a flat wire mesh and giving a distinguishing indication to the hump.
The corner ruler bisects the outer angle formed by the two corner mounting portions and the two corner mounting portions, which are fixed along the outdoor side protruding corner portions of the outer wall underlay plate, so that the lath is protruded. With a lath support part that supports the corner part, it exhibits a cross-sectionally trifurcated shape,
The height of the lath hump is set so that the flat wire mesh area of the lath is located in the middle of the coating thickness of the mortar,
The length of the lath support portion is 2 times the height of the lath hump. ^1/2 An exterior structure characterized by a degree.

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