JP3872253B2 - Image receiving sheet for stencil printing - Google Patents

Image receiving sheet for stencil printing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3872253B2
JP3872253B2 JP2000099434A JP2000099434A JP3872253B2 JP 3872253 B2 JP3872253 B2 JP 3872253B2 JP 2000099434 A JP2000099434 A JP 2000099434A JP 2000099434 A JP2000099434 A JP 2000099434A JP 3872253 B2 JP3872253 B2 JP 3872253B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
printing
ink
receiving sheet
image
weight
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JP2000099434A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001277692A (en
Inventor
明伸 茶谷
真 長谷川
伸夫 中西
竜太 小野
弘樹 山本
輝昭 大川
康夫 山本
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Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd
Riso Kagaku Corp
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Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd
Riso Kagaku Corp
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Application filed by Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd, Riso Kagaku Corp filed Critical Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd
Priority to JP2000099434A priority Critical patent/JP3872253B2/en
Priority to US09/819,517 priority patent/US6572951B2/en
Priority to DE2001616543 priority patent/DE60116543T2/en
Priority to EP20010108214 priority patent/EP1138510B1/en
Priority to AT01108214T priority patent/ATE315481T1/en
Publication of JP2001277692A publication Critical patent/JP2001277692A/en
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Publication of JP3872253B2 publication Critical patent/JP3872253B2/en
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  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、孔版印刷に使用する被印刷用受像シートに関する。
さらに詳しくは、画像ムラの無い高画質、且つ高濃度で、インクの定着性に優れ、しかも裏移りの少ない印刷物を提供できる受像シートに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
謄写版印刷やスクリーン印刷に代表される印刷方式は、画線部はインキが通過できる貫通孔、非画線部はインキを通さない膜を版として用い、これを通過したインキを受像シートに転移させる印刷方式であり、版の形態的特徴から孔版印刷方式と呼ばれている。
現在、広く利用されている孔版印刷では、一般に熱可塑性樹脂フィルムからなる孔版印刷版用原紙にサーマルヘッド等を用いて、フィルムの画線部に該当する部分に直接加熱溶融して穿孔し、ドットを形成し、製版される。印刷は、このようにして形成された穿孔画像の穿孔部を介して行われ、版胴に装填された版の内側に設けられたインキ供給部よりインキを穿孔部を通過させて押出し、紙等の受像シート表面に転移させて印刷を行うものであり、さらにメンテナンスフリーの簡易印刷を基本とすることから印刷後の洗浄処理は行わず、次の印刷までインキを長時間版面上に放置してもインキの乾燥による穿孔部の目詰まりが起きず、様々な環境下でも次の印刷直後から良好な印刷物が得られることが要望されている。
【0003】
そのため、孔版印刷用インキは、一般に顔料などの色料を鉱物油などのビヒクルに分散させた油性タイプやビヒクルに水を添加した油中水滴型エマルションタイプがあり、流動性に優れ、酸化や光反応などによって硬化しないため通常の印刷に用いられるプロセスインキとは性質を異にする、安定性の高い印刷インキが発明され種々改良が行われてきた(例えば、特公昭44−2165号公報、特公昭52−7370号公報、特開平4−372671号公報、特開平5−62628号公報及び特開平5−117564号公報など)。従って、インキを長時間印刷版に放置しても、常に安定した状態で保持され、メンテナンスフリーの簡易印刷が行えるなど、好ましい形態のインキであると言える。
【0004】
感熱穿孔を用いた孔版印刷は、電子機器や周辺機器の進歩からデジタル方式による版の作製が容易に行なえ、さらに、コンピューター上で印刷物のイメージを作製し、直接、印刷機に印刷版の情報を送る所謂コンピュータートウプレートに対応したシステムも上市され、同時に、より高速(120枚/分)で、より高解像度(600dpi)の印刷が提供できるようになってきており、易操作性、低コストなどの点からも再度見直され、孔版印刷方式が注目を集めてきた。
ところで、孔版印刷の受像シートが受理しなければならないインキ転移量は、上述のように凸版印刷、グラビア印刷又はオフセット印刷などの他の印刷方式とは全く異にした印刷原理であり、これらの方式と比較して非常に多く、従来の印刷用紙ではインキ吸収性に劣るため、孔版印刷に受像シートとして用いると、印刷後の受像層に吸収できない未乾燥のインキが次の印刷物の裏面に転移する、いわゆる裏移り(セットオフ)や印刷物のハンドリングの際に他の印刷物又は作業者、作業環境などをそのインキによって汚染する等の問題が発生し、さらに、最近の印刷機の高速化により、第一に解決しなければならない課題となっている。
【0005】
特開平4−183762号公報や特開平7−179799号公報では、インキのエマルション粒径を1〜20μmに制御したり、さらに、エマルション中の色料粒径を0.4μm以下に制御することによりインキの定着性を向上させる工夫が提案されており、さらに、特開平8−73795号公報では色料に用いられる顔料の平均粒径と比表面積を制御することによりさらに受像層への浸透に優れたインキが提供されるようになった。しかし、インキの改良だけでは到達できる点に限界があり、受容シートからの検討が急務となっている。
また、孔版印刷によるドット(網点)は、製版時の穿孔精度、印刷時のインキ転移量の制御、及び受像シートへのインキの拡散浸透により受像層に吸収される際に、インキが受像層の微細な空隙に沿ってにじむ等からドットの大きさ、形状とも不均一となり、ドット均一性が低下し、精細性に欠け、印刷品質は通常のオフセット印刷物などと比較して低く、品質の向上が求められている。一方で、印刷版のデジタル化によって、従来の謄写版印刷とは異なり、網点による階調表現へと移行したことから、印刷版に穿孔されたドット情報が印刷によって受像シートへ移されるときにある程度のインキの滲み(拡がり)を期待した印刷へと変化した。従って、ベタ印刷部では、インキの拡がりが不十分であると、白点などの欠点として現れる問題が生じるようになってきた。
【0006】
従来の孔版印刷用受像シートには、上質紙、中質紙などの電子写真方式の複写機用紙(PPC用紙)が、入手の容易さと価格の低さから流用されることが一般的で、特別な受像シートはなかった。
印刷後の裏移りを防止し、更に印刷品質を高めるために、特開平5−331796号公報では、顔料としてケイソウ土とバインダーによるインキ定着層を設けた孔版印刷用紙、特開平6−171201号公報では、吸油量45ml/100g以上120ml/100g以下の顔料とバインダーによるインキ吸収層を設けた孔版印刷用紙、特開平9−250100号公報では、吸油量150ml/100g以上で比表面積200cm2 /g以上の顔料とバインダーによるインキ吸収層を設けた孔版印刷用紙、特開平10−292292号公報では、吸油量150ml/100g以上で平均粒径3〜15μmの非晶質シリカ系顔料とバインダーによるインキ吸収層を設けた孔版印刷用紙、特開平11−99607号公報では、平均気孔直径が0.5〜30μmで密度が0.1〜0.8g/cm3 である樹脂含有多孔質皮膜をインキ受容層とした孔版印刷用受容シートが提案されている。
【0007】
しかしながら、これらの対策は何れも、シート状の支持体にインキ受容層を塗設しており、過度のインキ吸収性は裏移りに大きな効果を発揮する代わりにドットの拡がりを抑制しすぎ、ベタ印刷部又は濃色部分に白点を生じ印刷品質の低下が起こり易い。
特開昭63−309700号公報では、透気度、見かけ密度、灰分がそれぞれ15秒以下、0.69〜0.73g/cm3 、4〜8%の範囲でPPC用紙に孔版印刷適性を付与できることが示されたが、両者の中庸を求めたために未だ不十分である。また、特開平8−170297号公報では、吸油量18〜30ml/m2 で油吸収係数が60〜105ml/m2 1/2 とした孔版印刷用紙では裏移り(インキ定着)が良好となることが示されたが、最近の印刷機の高画質化によって、ハーフトーンの均一性、ドットの均一性などの画質の点は満足できる状態ではない。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上のような状況に鑑み、本発明の課題は、十分なインキ転移量がありながら裏移りが起こりにくく、しかも画像ムラの無い高画質、且つ印刷濃度も高い孔版印刷用受像シートを提供するものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために種々の検討を行った結果、孔版印刷用受像シートにおいて、J.TAPPI紙パルプ試験方法No.48に準じた水銀圧入法にて測定した細孔直径の中央値が1.7〜3.5μmである孔版印刷用受像シートを得ることにより、十分なインキ転移量がありながら裏移りが起こりにくく、しかも画像ムラの無い高画質、且つ印刷濃度も高いことを見出し、本発明をなすに至った。
すなわち、孔版印刷において、十分なインキ転移量を確保した状態での裏移りは、受像シートの細孔の直径と相関を持っており、裏移りが起こりにくい受像シートを提供するには、細孔の直径を制御することによって達成できた。
さらに詳しく本発明について説明をすると、裏移りを防ぐことは、インキの受像シートへの吸収性を大きく、しかも速くすることで達成できる。受像シートに印刷が施され、印刷機のスタッカーに送り込まれてから次の印刷物が送り込まれるまでの時間は僅かに0.5秒程度である。孔版印刷機は、一般にインキを乾燥させる設備を付帯していない。従って、裏移りを防止する(インキの定着)ためには、この僅かな時間に転移したインキが硬化するかビヒクルが蒸発するか、受像シートの最表層からシート内部へインキが移動する必要がある。
【0010】
孔版印刷に用いられるインキは、現在、油中水滴型のエマルションインキが一般的で硬化成分は含まないことから、短時間にインキが硬化したり、インキ中のビヒクルが蒸発することはない。故に、裏移りを防止するためには、インキを受像シートの最表層から速やかにシート内部(外部と接触しない領域)に移動させれば良い。エマルションインキは、一般の印刷用プロセスインキと比べると低粘度で流動性が良いため、受像シートに転移した後も比較的容易に移動するが、印刷中のスタッカーに次々と印刷済み受像シートが積載される間にインキが移動できるほどの流動性はない。従って、インキ定着は、印刷版の孔からインキが押し出され、受像シートへ転移するときに完了していることが好ましい。
本発明者らは、インキの定着にこれまで有効であるとされてきた高吸油性顔料の利用を参考に検討を重ねた結果、受像層の素材もさることながら、その表面の形状、形態が微小時間におけるインキ定着に大きく影響しており、顔料等が持つ微少な空隙や受像シート全体の見かけ密度の小ささに起因するシート内部の空隙が有効に働き始めるのはさらに長い時間スケールのときであることを見出した。
また、本発明者らの研究によると、孔版印刷物から受ける画質の優劣の印象は、ドット形状の均一さだけでなく、大きさの均一さも大きく依存しており、よりドットの大きさの揃った印刷物の方が優れた印刷であると感じることが判明した。
受像シートの細孔直径の制御方法としては、基材が紙であった場合には、パルプの叩解度、填料の種類と量、抄紙方法などの制御によって、また、受像層を塗設する場合には、塗布量及び顔料の種類と量などを適宜、選択することによって達成できた。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の孔版印刷用受像シートは、細孔直径を制御することが重要であり、基材のまま、あるいは基材の上に塗工層を設けてもよいが、印刷濃度を高くするためには、原料と水系高分子を主成分とする塗工層を設けた方が好ましい。
本発明の受像シートの基材は、紙、布、不織布又は紙の表面に樹脂フィルムを貼合したシート、ラミネート等の公知の支持体を使用することができる。好ましくは、長網抄紙機又はツインワイヤー抄紙機等で抄紙し、抄紙後カレンダー処理にて平滑化処理を行うもので、パルプ種類、濾水度、内添填料の種類及び量などの他、抄速、インレット条件、ウェットプレス圧、ドライヤー温度、カレンダー圧又はマシンドロー等の抄紙条件を適宜調整し、J.TAPPI紙パルプ試験方法No.48に準じた水銀圧入法にて測定した受像シートの細孔直径の中央値が1.7〜3.5μm、好ましくは1.9〜3.0μmとなるように調節する。受像シートの細孔直径の中央値が1.7μm未満である場合、インキ中の顔料が受像シートの内部に移動しづらくなり、裏移りがひどく、擦られた場合インキが受像シートから剥ぎ取られやすくなってしまう。また、3.5μm以上になると、インキが内部まで移動し易くなるが、印刷濃度が低下するため好ましくない。
【0012】
抄紙の際に使用するパルプは、針葉樹及び広葉樹の化学パルプ、機械パルプ、脱墨パルプ等の中から適宜選択して使用することができ、パルプの濾水度は200〜500ml c.s.f. が好ましい。また、紙の中に内添する填料は、例えばタルク、カオリン、炭酸カルシウム、二酸化チタン、ゼオライト、シリカなどの無機填料及び種々の有機填料等、通常使用される填料の中から適宜選択して使用することができ、その内添量は、20%以下が好ましい。これらパルプと填料に助剤を混合して抄紙した原紙の少なくとも片面に、通常のサイズプレス塗工などにより、澱粉、ポリビニルアルコール、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カゼイン、スチレン/ブタジエンラテックス、アクリルエマルジョン又は酢酸ビニルエマルジョンなどの公知の中から選ばれた1種類以上の水系高分子を塗工したものを平滑化したものが好ましい。
【0013】
本発明の孔版印刷用受像シートは、基材の上に塗工層を設ける場合、塗工層に用いられる顔料としては、無定型シリカ、カオリン、焼成カオリン、軽質炭酸カルシウム、重質炭酸カルシウム、アルミナ、水酸化アルミニウム、炭酸マグネシウム、サチンホワイト、珪酸アルミニウム又はコロイダルシリカなどの無機顔料の他、ポリビニルアルコール粉末、澱粉粉末、アクリル樹脂粒子、エポキシ樹脂粒子、ポリプロピレン樹脂粒子又はスチレン樹脂粒子等の有機顔料も単独又は2種類以上を併用して使用することができる。特に無定型シリカ単独又はデンプン粒子と軽質炭酸カルシウムを併用することが好ましい。
また、水系高分子としては、例えばカゼイン、大豆蛋白、澱粉、ポリビニルアルコール、カルボキシメチルセルロース、スチレン・ブタジエンラテックス、アクリルエマルジョン、酢酸ビニルエマルジョン又はポリウレタンなどの中から単独又は2種類以上をバインダーとして使用することができる。バインダーの使用量は、顔料100重量部に対して10〜50重量部が好ましい。更に、一般の塗料に使用される分散剤、流動性変性剤、消泡剤、染料、滑剤及び保水剤などの各種助剤を添加することができる。
【0014】
本発明の基材に設ける塗工層の塗工方式としては、ブレードコーター、エアナイフコーター、ロールコーター、キスコーター、スクイズコーター、カーテンコーター、バーコーター、グラビアコーター又はコンマコーターなどの公知の塗工機を用いた塗工方法の中から適宜選択して使用することができる。また、塗工層は必要に応じて1層又は2層以上設けてもよい。
また、塗工層の塗工量は、基材の表面を覆い、且つ良好なインキの吸収性が得られる範囲で任意に調整することができるが、本発明の裏移り等のインク定着性を改善するためには、片面あたりの固形分換算にして、0.1〜30g/m2 が好ましく、特に3〜25g/m2 が好ましい。
塗工量、顔料の種類、顔料及びバインダー比などを適宜調整し、塗工層形成後、スーパーカレンダーやソフトカレンダーによって、細孔直径を調整する。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例により説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
次に評価方法を示す。
<評価方法>
(1)水銀圧入法による細孔直径の中央値の測定
J.TAPPI紙パルプ試験方法No.48に準じて(株)島津製作所製ポアサイザ9310を用いて細孔量分布を測定した。そこから細孔直径の累積曲線を導き出し、累積量50%に相当する細孔直径を読みとり中央値とした。
(2)印刷試験
印刷環境は、20℃、65%RHとした。
孔版印刷機は、理想科学工業(株)製 孔版印刷機リソグラフGR377を標準条件で用いた。インキは、理想科学工業(株)製 リソグラフGRインクHD(黒)を用いた。
製版は、理想科学工業(株)製リソグラフGRマスター77Wを用い、パーソナルコンピューターからデータ転送ユニット(理想科学工業(株)製SC3000)を介して、印刷機に評価パターンのイメージデータを直接出力する方法を用いた。
評価パターンは、JIS X9201に準じた高精細カラーデジタル標準画像(識別記号:N1、画像名称:ポートレート、(財)日本規格協会発行)及び(株)アドビ製Photoshopを用いて作製した網点パターン(5〜95%;5%間隔)とベタ印刷パターン及びベタ印刷部と白紙部を10mm間隔にて交互に配置したパターンを用いた。
【0016】
評価項目:
▲1▼裏移り
ベタ印刷パターンを用いて製版した後、直ちに20枚連続印刷し、19枚目の印刷物が排出され、20枚目が排出される間に印刷されていない受像シートをスタッカーに投入し、これにより19枚目の印刷物を覆い、さらに、18g/cm2 の荷重を3分間かけた後、投入された受像シートに転移したインキを裏移りによる汚れとして目視評価した。
◎:裏移りがほとんどなく良好、○:やや裏移りはあるが実用上使用可能、
×: 裏移りが激しく実用に耐えない。
▲2▼印刷濃度
光学的濃度計(マクベス社RD−915)を用いて、ベタ印刷部の記録濃度を測定した。
▲3▼印刷画像の擦れ強さ
ベタ印刷パターン及びベタ印刷部と白紙部を10mm間隔にて交互に配置したパターンを受像シートに印刷し、1日放置した後、学振型摩擦試験機を用いてJIS L0849に記載された摩擦に対する染色堅ろう度試験方法に基づいて行い目視評価した。
ただし、今回は試験片は紙で、往復回数は5回で行った。
◎:印刷画像がほとんど擦り取られず良好、○:やや印刷画像が擦り取られるが、実用上使用可能、×:印刷画像がほとんど擦り取られ実用に耐えない。
▲4▼画質(ハーフトーンの均一性)
N1画像パターン及び網点ベタパターンを用いて製版した後、直ちに20枚連続印刷し、20枚目を評価対象とした。評価はN1画像の背景部分及び人の顔
部分を目視でおこなった。
◎:優、○:良、×:劣
【0017】
[参考例1]
広葉樹漂白クラフトパルプ90重量部と針葉樹漂白クラフトパルプ10重量部(混合パルプの濾水度450ml c.s.f.)に、タルク7重量部を混合し、内添用サイズ剤0.4重量部、硫酸アルミニウム0.6重量部に歩留まり向上剤100ppm加えたスラリーを調製し、オントップツインワイヤータイプの抄紙機により坪量128g/m2 となるように抄造し、2ロールサイズプレスにより両面に10重量%酸化デンプン溶液に表面サイズ剤を0.1重量%加えた液を乾燥塗布量が片面あたり1.0g/m2 となるように塗布し、カレンダー処理により王研式平滑度35秒に調整した紙匹に、さらに、両面にバーコーターにより、非晶質シリカ100重量部、スチレン・ブタジエン樹脂ラテックス4重量部、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂エマルション5重量部、ポリビニルアルコール25重量部、表面サイズ剤5重量部及び消泡剤0.3重量部の混合液を乾燥塗布量が片面あたり18g/m2 となるように塗布し、カレンダー処理により王研式平滑度120秒に調整し、孔版印刷用受像シートを得た。
【0018】
[実施例1]
広葉樹漂白クラフトパルプ100重量部(濾水度350ml c.s.f)に、ゼオライト10重量部、歩留まり上剤を180ppm加えたスラリーを調製し、長網タイプの抄紙機により坪量72g/m2 となるように抄造し、さらに、両面にゲートロールコーターにより、軽質炭酸カルシウム75重量部、澱粉粒子25重量部、スチレン・ブタジエン樹脂ラテックス6重量部、酸化澱粉4重量部の混合液を乾燥塗布量が片面あたり7g/m2 となるように塗布し、カレンダー処理により王研式平滑度85秒に調整し、孔版印刷用受像シートを得た。
【0019】
[実施例2]
広葉樹漂白クラフトパルプ100重量部(濾水度450ml c.s.f.)に、タルク10重量部を混合し、内添用サイズ剤0.4重量部及び硫酸アルミニウム0.8重量部に歩留まり向上剤を50ppm加えたスラリーを調製し、オントップツインワイヤータイプの抄紙機により坪量157g/m2 となるように抄造し、さらに、両面にバーコーターにより、軽質炭酸カルシウム80重量部、澱粉粒子20重量部、スチレン・ブタジエン樹脂ラテックス5重量部及び酸化澱粉3重量部の混合液を乾燥塗布量が片面あたり7g/m2 となるように塗布し、カレンダー処理により王研式平滑度85秒に調整し、孔版印刷用受像シートを得た。
【0020】
[比較例1]
広葉樹漂白クラフトパルプ90重量部と針葉樹漂白クラフトパルプ10重量部(混合パルプの濾水度350ml c.s.f)に、カオリン12重量部、内添用サイズ剤0.2重量部及び硫酸アルミニウム0.6重量部に歩留まり向上剤を100ppm加えたスラリーを調製し、オントップツインワイヤータイプの抄紙機により坪量72g/m2 となるように抄造し、さらに、両面にゲートロールコーターを用いて、カオリン50重量部、炭酸カルシウム50重量部、スチレン・ブタジエン樹脂ラテックス15重量部及びデンプン5重量部の混合液を乾燥塗布量が片面あたり5g/m2 となるように塗布し、カレンダー処理により王研式平滑度80秒に調整し、孔版印刷用受像シートを得た。
【0021】
[比較例2]
比較例1と同じ方法で原紙を抄造し、さらに、両面にバーコーターにより、軽質炭酸カルシウム70重量部、クレー30重量部、スチレン・ブタジエン樹脂ラテックス10重量部、酸化澱粉4重量部及び消泡剤0.3重量部の混合液を乾燥塗布量が片面あたり13g/m2 となるように塗布し、カレンダー処理により王研式平滑度85秒に調整し、孔版印刷用受像シートを得た。
【0022】
[比較例3]
比較例1と同じ方法で原紙を抄造し、さらに、両面に2本ロールサイズプレスを用いて、7重量%酸化デンプン溶液に表面サイズ剤を0.2重量%加えた液を乾燥塗布量が片面あたり0.7g/m2 となるように塗布し、カレンダー処理により王研式平滑度35秒に調整し、孔版印刷用受像シートを得た。
【0023】
【表1】

Figure 0003872253
【0024】
【発明の効果】
最近の印刷機の高画質化によって、ハーフトーンの均一性、ドットの均一性などの画質の点は満足できる状態ではなかったが、本発明では、十分なインキ転移量がありながら裏移りが起こりにくく、しかも画像ムラの無い高画質、且つ印刷濃度も高い孔版印刷用受像シートを提供することができた。すなわち、本発明により、十分なインキ転移量がありながら、裏移りが起こりにくく、画質も良好な孔版印刷用受像シートを得ることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an image receiving sheet for printing used for stencil printing.
More specifically, the present invention relates to an image-receiving sheet that can provide a printed matter with high image quality without image unevenness, high density, excellent ink fixing properties, and little set-off.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Printing methods typified by photocopier printing and screen printing use a through-hole through which ink can pass in the image area and a film that does not pass ink in the non-image area as a plate, and transfer the ink that has passed through to the image-receiving sheet. This is a printing method and is called a stencil printing method because of the morphological characteristics of the plate.
In stencil printing, which is widely used at present, a thermal head or the like is generally used on a stencil printing plate base sheet made of a thermoplastic resin film, and the portion corresponding to the image line portion of the film is directly melted by heating and punching. To make a plate. Printing is performed through the perforated portion of the perforated image formed in this way, and the ink is passed through the perforated portion from the ink supply portion provided inside the plate loaded in the plate cylinder, and the paper or the like The image is transferred to the surface of the image receiving sheet, and printing is performed on the surface.Furthermore, since it is based on simple maintenance-free printing, the cleaning process after printing is not performed, and the ink is left on the plate for a long time until the next printing. However, clogging of the perforated portion due to drying of the ink does not occur, and it is desired that a good printed matter can be obtained immediately after the next printing even under various environments.
[0003]
Therefore, stencil printing inks are generally classified into oil-based types in which colorants such as pigments are dispersed in a vehicle such as mineral oil, and water-in-oil emulsion types in which water is added to the vehicle. A highly stable printing ink has been invented and various improvements have been made (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-2165, which is not cured by a reaction or the like and has properties different from those of normal process inks used for printing). No. 52-7370, JP-A-4-372671, JP-A-5-62628, and JP-A-5-117564). Therefore, even if the ink is left on the printing plate for a long time, it can be said that it is a preferable form of ink, such that it is always kept in a stable state and simple maintenance-free printing can be performed.
[0004]
With stencil printing using thermal perforation, it is easy to make a digital plate because of advances in electronic equipment and peripheral devices.In addition, an image of the printed material can be created on a computer, and the printing plate information can be directly sent to the printing press. A system compatible with so-called computer tow plates to be sent has also been put on the market, and at the same time, printing at higher speed (120 sheets / min) and higher resolution (600 dpi) can be provided. From this point, the stencil printing method has attracted attention.
By the way, the ink transfer amount that the image receiving sheet for stencil printing must accept is a printing principle that is completely different from other printing methods such as relief printing, gravure printing or offset printing as described above. In comparison with the conventional printing paper, it is inferior in ink absorbability, so when used as an image receiving sheet for stencil printing, undried ink that cannot be absorbed by the image receiving layer after printing is transferred to the back side of the next printed matter. In the case of so-called set-off or handling of printed matter, problems such as contamination of other printed matter, workers, working environment, etc. with the ink have occurred. It is a problem that must be solved.
[0005]
In JP-A-4-183762 and JP-A-7-179799, the emulsion particle size of the ink is controlled to 1 to 20 μm, and further, the colorant particle size in the emulsion is controlled to 0.4 μm or less. A device for improving the fixing property of the ink has been proposed. Further, JP-A-8-73795 further improves the penetration into the image receiving layer by controlling the average particle size and specific surface area of the pigment used in the colorant. Ink has been provided. However, there is a limit to the points that can be reached only by improving the ink, and there is an urgent need to study from the receiving sheet.
Further, when dots (halftone dots) by stencil printing are absorbed by the image receiving layer by perforation accuracy during plate making, control of the amount of ink transferred during printing, and diffusion and penetration of ink into the image receiving sheet, the ink is received by the image receiving layer. The size and shape of the dots become non-uniform due to bleeding along the fine gaps of the dots, resulting in poor dot uniformity, lack of detail, and low print quality compared to ordinary offset prints, improving quality. Is required. On the other hand, since digitization of the printing plate has shifted to gradation expression by halftone dots, unlike conventional copying printing, when dot information perforated in the printing plate is transferred to the image receiving sheet to some extent by printing Changed to printing that expected ink spreading (spreading). Therefore, in the solid printing portion, if the ink spread is insufficient, a problem appears as a defect such as a white spot.
[0006]
For conventional stencil image-receiving sheets, electrophotographic copier paper (PPC paper) such as high-quality paper and medium-quality paper is generally used because of its availability and low price. There was no image-receiving sheet.
In order to prevent set-off after printing and to further improve the printing quality, JP-A-5-331796 discloses a stencil printing paper provided with an ink fixing layer made of diatomaceous earth and a binder as a pigment, JP-A-6-171201. In stencil printing paper provided with an ink absorption layer of pigment and binder having an oil absorption of 45 ml / 100 g or more and 120 ml / 100 g or less, JP-A-9-250100 discloses an oil absorption of 150 ml / 100 g or more and a specific surface area of 200 cm 2 / g or more. In stencil printing paper provided with an ink absorbing layer made of a pigment and a binder, JP-A-10-292292 discloses an ink absorbing layer made of an amorphous silica pigment having an oil absorption of 150 ml / 100 g and an average particle size of 3 to 15 μm and a binder In the stencil printing paper provided with JIS, JP-A-11-99607, the average pore diameter is 0. Stencil receiving sheet has been proposed in which a density of the resin-containing porous film is 0.1 to 0.8 g / cm 3 and an ink-receiving layer at 30 .mu.m.
[0007]
However, in all of these measures, an ink receiving layer is coated on a sheet-like support, and excessive ink absorbency exerts a great effect on set-off instead of suppressing the spread of dots. A white spot is generated in the print portion or dark portion, and the print quality is liable to deteriorate.
In JP-A-63-309700, stencil printing aptitude is imparted to PPC paper in the range of air permeability, apparent density, and ash content of 15 seconds or less, 0.69 to 0.73 g / cm 3 , and 4 to 8%, respectively. It has been shown that it can be done, but it is still insufficient because it has sought an intermediary between the two. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-170297, stencil printing paper having an oil absorption of 18 to 30 ml / m 2 and an oil absorption coefficient of 60 to 105 ml / m 2 s 1/2 provides good set-off (ink fixing). However, with the recent improvement in image quality of printing presses, image quality points such as halftone uniformity and dot uniformity are not satisfactory.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the circumstances as described above, an object of the present invention is to provide an image receiving sheet for stencil printing which has a sufficient amount of ink transfer but hardly causes set-off, and has high image quality without image unevenness and high printing density. It is.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various studies to solve the above-described problems, the present inventors have found that J.P. TAPPI paper pulp test method no. By obtaining an image-receiving sheet for stencil printing having a median pore diameter of 1.7 to 3.5 μm measured by a mercury intrusion method according to No. 48, it is difficult for set-off to occur while there is a sufficient amount of ink transfer. In addition, the present inventors have found that the image quality without image unevenness and the printing density are high, and have made the present invention.
That is, in stencil printing, the offset in a state where a sufficient amount of ink transfer is secured has a correlation with the diameter of the pores of the image receiving sheet, and in order to provide an image receiving sheet that is less likely to be offset, Could be achieved by controlling the diameter of the.
The present invention will be described in more detail. Prevention of set-off can be achieved by increasing the absorbability of the ink to the image receiving sheet and increasing the speed. The time from when the image receiving sheet is printed and sent to the stacker of the printing machine until the next printed matter is sent is only about 0.5 seconds. Stencil printing presses are generally not equipped with equipment for drying ink. Therefore, in order to prevent set-off (ink fixing), it is necessary that the ink transferred in a short time is cured or the vehicle evaporates, or the ink moves from the outermost layer of the image receiving sheet to the inside of the sheet. .
[0010]
The ink used for stencil printing is generally a water-in-oil emulsion ink and does not contain a curing component. Therefore, the ink does not cure in a short time and the vehicle in the ink does not evaporate. Therefore, in order to prevent set-off, the ink may be quickly moved from the outermost layer of the image receiving sheet to the inside of the sheet (a region not in contact with the outside). Emulsion ink has relatively low viscosity and good fluidity compared to general process inks for printing, so it moves relatively easily after transfer to the image receiving sheet, but printed image receiving sheets are stacked one after another on the stacker during printing. There is not enough fluidity to move the ink during the process. Therefore, the ink fixing is preferably completed when the ink is pushed out from the holes of the printing plate and transferred to the image receiving sheet.
As a result of repeated studies with reference to the use of a highly oil-absorbing pigment that has been considered effective for fixing inks, the present inventors have a surface shape and form that are not limited to the material of the image receiving layer. It has a great influence on the ink fixation in a very short time, and the voids inside the sheet due to the small gaps of pigments and the apparent density of the entire image receiving sheet start to work effectively at a longer time scale. I found out.
In addition, according to the study by the present inventors, the impression of superiority or inferiority of image quality received from stencil prints depends not only on the uniformity of the dot shape but also on the uniformity of the size, and the dot sizes are more uniform. It turns out that the printed material feels better.
As a method for controlling the pore diameter of the image receiving sheet, when the base material is paper, by controlling the pulp beating degree, the type and amount of filler, the paper making method, etc., and when the image receiving layer is applied Can be achieved by appropriately selecting the coating amount and the type and amount of the pigment.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the image receiving sheet for stencil printing of the present invention, it is important to control the pore diameter, and the coating layer may be provided on the substrate as it is, but in order to increase the printing density. Is preferably provided with a coating layer mainly composed of a raw material and a water-based polymer.
As the base material of the image receiving sheet of the present invention, a known support such as paper, cloth, nonwoven fabric, or a sheet obtained by bonding a resin film to the surface of paper or a laminate can be used. Preferably, the paper is made with a long net paper machine or a twin wire paper machine, and smoothed by a calendering process after paper making. In addition to pulp type, freeness, type and amount of internal filler, etc. The papermaking conditions such as speed, inlet conditions, wet press pressure, dryer temperature, calendar pressure or machine draw are adjusted as appropriate. TAPPI paper pulp test method no. 48, the median pore diameter of the image receiving sheet measured by mercury porosimetry is adjusted to 1.7 to 3.5 μm, preferably 1.9 to 3.0 μm. When the median pore diameter of the image-receiving sheet is less than 1.7 μm, the pigment in the ink is difficult to move inside the image-receiving sheet, the set-off is severe, and the ink is peeled off from the image-receiving sheet when rubbed. It becomes easy. On the other hand, when the thickness is 3.5 μm or more, the ink easily moves to the inside, but the printing density is lowered, which is not preferable.
[0012]
The pulp used for papermaking can be appropriately selected from softwood and hardwood chemical pulp, mechanical pulp, deinked pulp, etc., and the freeness of the pulp is preferably 200 to 500 ml csf. Also, the filler internally added to the paper is appropriately selected from normally used fillers such as inorganic fillers such as talc, kaolin, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, zeolite, silica, and various organic fillers. The internal addition amount is preferably 20% or less. Starch, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, casein, styrene / butadiene latex, acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate emulsion, etc. on at least one side of the base paper made by mixing auxiliary materials with pulp and filler, using ordinary size press coating, etc. And those obtained by smoothing a coating of one or more water-based polymers selected from the above-mentioned publicly known.
[0013]
When the image receiving sheet for stencil printing of the present invention is provided with a coating layer on a substrate, the pigment used for the coating layer is amorphous silica, kaolin, calcined kaolin, light calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, In addition to inorganic pigments such as alumina, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, satin white, aluminum silicate or colloidal silica, organic pigments such as polyvinyl alcohol powder, starch powder, acrylic resin particles, epoxy resin particles, polypropylene resin particles or styrene resin particles Can be used alone or in combination of two or more. It is particularly preferable to use amorphous silica alone or a combination of starch particles and light calcium carbonate.
As the water-based polymer, for example, casein, soy protein, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, styrene / butadiene latex, acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate emulsion or polyurethane may be used alone or as a binder. Can do. The amount of the binder used is preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the pigment. Furthermore, various auxiliary agents such as dispersants, fluidity modifiers, antifoaming agents, dyes, lubricants and water retention agents used in general paints can be added.
[0014]
As a coating method of the coating layer provided on the substrate of the present invention, a known coating machine such as a blade coater, an air knife coater, a roll coater, a kiss coater, a squeeze coater, a curtain coater, a bar coater, a gravure coater or a comma coater is used. It can be appropriately selected from the used coating methods. Moreover, you may provide a coating layer 1 layer or 2 layers or more as needed.
In addition, the coating amount of the coating layer can be arbitrarily adjusted within a range that covers the surface of the base material and good ink absorbability is obtained. In order to improve, 0.1-30 g / m < 2 > is preferable and 3-25 g / m < 2 > is particularly preferable in terms of solid content per side.
The coating amount, pigment type, pigment and binder ratio, etc. are appropriately adjusted, and after forming the coating layer, the pore diameter is adjusted with a super calender or soft calender.
[0015]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these.
Next, an evaluation method is shown.
<Evaluation method>
(1) Measurement of median pore diameter by mercury porosimetry. TAPPI paper pulp test method no. 48, the pore volume distribution was measured using a pore sizer 9310 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. From this, a cumulative curve of pore diameter was derived, and the pore diameter corresponding to a cumulative amount of 50% was read and used as the median value.
(2) Printing test The printing environment was 20 ° C. and 65% RH.
As the stencil printing machine, Risograph GR377 manufactured by Riso Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. was used under standard conditions. As the ink, lithographic GR ink HD (black) manufactured by Riso Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. was used.
The plate making uses a lithographic GR master 77W manufactured by Riso Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., and directly outputs image data of an evaluation pattern from a personal computer via a data transfer unit (SC3000 manufactured by Oki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.). Was used.
The evaluation pattern is a high-definition color digital standard image (identification symbol: N1, image name: portrait, issued by Japan Standards Association) according to JIS X9201 and a halftone dot pattern produced using Adobe Photoshop. (5-95%; 5% interval), a solid print pattern, and a pattern in which a solid print portion and a blank paper portion are alternately arranged at intervals of 10 mm were used.
[0016]
Evaluation item:
(1) Immediately after making a plate using a reverse printing pattern, 20 sheets are printed continuously, the 19th printed material is discharged, and an unprinted image receiving sheet is put into the stacker while the 20th sheet is discharged. Thus, the 19th printed matter was covered, and further, a load of 18 g / cm 2 was applied for 3 minutes, and then the ink transferred to the input image receiving sheet was visually evaluated as stain due to back-off.
◎: Almost no set-off, good ○: Slightly set-up but usable in practice,
×: The setback is so strong that it cannot be put to practical use.
(2) Printing density The recording density of the solid printing part was measured using an optical densitometer (Macbeth RD-915).
(3) Abrasion strength of printed image A solid print pattern and a pattern in which a solid print portion and a blank paper portion are alternately arranged at intervals of 10 mm are printed on an image receiving sheet, left for one day, and then used with a Gakushin friction tester. This was visually evaluated based on the dyeing fastness test method for friction described in JIS L0849.
However, this time, the test piece was paper, and the number of reciprocations was five.
◎: Print image is hardly scraped off, good: ○: Print image is scraped slightly, but can be used practically, ×: Print image is almost scraped off and is not practical.
(4) Image quality (halftone uniformity)
After making a plate using the N1 image pattern and the halftone dot pattern, 20 sheets were printed immediately and the 20th sheet was evaluated. The evaluation was performed by visual observation of the background portion of the N1 image and the human face portion.
◎: Excellent, ○: Good, ×: Inferior
[Reference Example 1]
7 parts by weight of talc is mixed with 90 parts by weight of hardwood bleached kraft pulp and 10 parts by weight of softwood bleached kraft pulp (mixed pulp freeness 450 ml csf), 0.4 parts by weight of sizing agent for internal addition, 0. A slurry is prepared by adding 100 ppm of a yield improver to 6 parts by weight, made into a basis weight of 128 g / m 2 using an on-top twin wire type paper machine, and 10 wt% oxidized starch solution on both sides by a 2-roll size press. To a paper sheet coated with 0.1% by weight of a surface sizing agent, so that the dry coating amount is 1.0 g / m 2 per side, and adjusted to 35 seconds by Oken type smoothness by calendaring, Further, 100 parts by weight of amorphous silica, 4 parts by weight of styrene / butadiene resin latex, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin are used on both sides by a bar coater. Luchon 5 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, a mixture of surface size 5 parts by weight of an antifoaming agent 0.3 part by weight dry coating amount was coated to a per side 18 g / m 2, by calender treatment The Oken type smoothness was adjusted to 120 seconds to obtain an image receiving sheet for stencil printing.
[0018]
[Example 1]
A slurry is prepared by adding 10 parts by weight of zeolite and 180 ppm of a yield additive to 100 parts by weight of hardwood bleached kraft pulp (freeness 350 ml csf), and a basis weight of 72 g / m 2 using a long net type paper machine. In addition, a mixed solution of 75 parts by weight of light calcium carbonate, 25 parts by weight of starch particles, 6 parts by weight of styrene / butadiene resin latex, and 4 parts by weight of oxidized starch is dried and applied on both sides by a gate roll coater. Was applied at a rate of 7 g / m 2 per side and adjusted to 85 seconds by Oken type smoothness by calendaring to obtain an image receiving sheet for stencil printing.
[0019]
[Example 2]
10 parts by weight of talc was mixed with 100 parts by weight of hardwood bleached kraft pulp (freezing degree 450 ml csf), and 50 ppm of a yield improver was added to 0.4 parts by weight of sizing agent for internal addition and 0.8 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate. A slurry was prepared, made into a paper having a basis weight of 157 g / m 2 by an on-top twin wire type paper machine, and further, 80 parts by weight of light calcium carbonate, 20 parts by weight of starch particles, styrene Apply a mixed solution of 5 parts by weight of butadiene resin latex and 3 parts by weight of oxidized starch so that the dry coating amount is 7 g / m 2 per side, and adjust the Oken type smoothness to 85 seconds by calendering. An image receiving sheet was obtained.
[0020]
[Comparative Example 1]
90 parts by weight of bleached kraft pulp and 10 parts by weight of bleached kraft pulp (mixed pulp freeness 350 ml csf), 12 parts by weight of kaolin, 0.2 parts by weight of sizing agent and 0 parts of aluminum sulfate A slurry in which a yield improver of 100 ppm was added to 6 parts by weight was prepared by using an on-top twin wire type paper machine to have a basis weight of 72 g / m 2, and a gate roll coater was used on both sides. A mixture of 50 parts by weight of kaolin, 50 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, 15 parts by weight of styrene-butadiene resin latex and 5 parts by weight of starch was applied so that the dry coating amount would be 5 g / m 2 per side, and by calendar treatment, Oken The image smoothness was adjusted to 80 seconds to obtain an image receiving sheet for stencil printing.
[0021]
[Comparative Example 2]
A base paper is made in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and further, 70 parts by weight of light calcium carbonate, 30 parts by weight of clay, 10 parts by weight of styrene-butadiene resin latex, 4 parts by weight of oxidized starch and an antifoaming agent are applied to both sides by a bar coater 0.3 parts by weight of the mixed solution was applied so that the dry coating amount was 13 g / m 2 per side, and was adjusted to 85 seconds by Oken type smoothness by calendaring to obtain an image receiving sheet for stencil printing.
[0022]
[Comparative Example 3]
A base paper is made in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and further, a two roll size press is used on both sides, and a solution obtained by adding 0.2% by weight of a surface sizing agent to a 7% by weight oxidized starch solution has a dry coating amount on one side. It was applied so as to be 0.7 g / m 2 per unit and adjusted to 35 seconds by Oken type smoothness by a calendar process to obtain an image receiving sheet for stencil printing.
[0023]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003872253
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
Due to recent improvements in image quality of printing presses, image quality such as halftone uniformity and dot uniformity has not been satisfactory. It has been possible to provide a stencil image-receiving sheet that is difficult, has high image quality without image unevenness, and has a high printing density. In other words, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an image receiving sheet for stencil printing which has a sufficient ink transfer amount but hardly causes set-off and has good image quality.

Claims (1)

基材上に顔料と水系高分子を主成分とする塗工層を有した孔版印刷用の受像シートにおいて、顔料として、澱粉粒子と軽質炭酸カルシウムを併用する塗工層を有し、J.TAPPI紙パルプ試験方法No.48に準じた水銀圧入法にて測定した細孔直径の中央値が1.7〜3.5μmであることを特徴とする孔版印刷用受像シート。An image-receiving sheet for stencil printing having a coating layer mainly composed of a pigment and a water-based polymer on a substrate, having a coating layer using both starch particles and light calcium carbonate as a pigment; TAPPI paper pulp test method no. 48. An image receiving sheet for stencil printing, wherein the median pore diameter measured by a mercury intrusion method according to 48 is 1.7 to 3.5 μm.
JP2000099434A 2000-03-31 2000-03-31 Image receiving sheet for stencil printing Expired - Fee Related JP3872253B2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000099434A JP3872253B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2000-03-31 Image receiving sheet for stencil printing
US09/819,517 US6572951B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2001-03-28 Printing sheet
DE2001616543 DE60116543T2 (en) 2000-03-31 2001-03-30 printing sheet
EP20010108214 EP1138510B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2001-03-30 Printing sheet
AT01108214T ATE315481T1 (en) 2000-03-31 2001-03-30 PRINT SHEET

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JP2000099434A JP3872253B2 (en) 2000-03-31 2000-03-31 Image receiving sheet for stencil printing

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JP3872253B2 true JP3872253B2 (en) 2007-01-24

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