JP3870841B2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3870841B2
JP3870841B2 JP2002149261A JP2002149261A JP3870841B2 JP 3870841 B2 JP3870841 B2 JP 3870841B2 JP 2002149261 A JP2002149261 A JP 2002149261A JP 2002149261 A JP2002149261 A JP 2002149261A JP 3870841 B2 JP3870841 B2 JP 3870841B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
hot water
tube
heat
medium
refrigerant
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JP2002149261A
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JP2003343915A (en
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剛 沖ノ谷
典秀 河地
山本　　憲
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、熱交換器に関するもので、給湯装置に適用して有効である。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
例えば給湯用の温水を利用した暖房装置では、図４、５に示すように、給湯水を直接に暖房装置に供給することなく、貯湯タンク２０に保温貯蔵された高温の温水と暖房装置３０内を循環する二次媒体とを熱交換することにより暖房装置に熱を与えている。
【０００３】
このため、図４、５に示す給湯装置では、貯湯タンク２０内に暖房を行うに十分な温水が不足している場合には、実質的に暖房を行うことができないことに加えて、冷媒と給湯水とを熱交換する水−冷媒熱交換器と給湯水と二次媒体とを熱交換する水−水熱交換器とを必要とするので、給湯装置の構成部品点数の増大及びこれに伴う設置工数の増大を招く。
【０００４】
本発明は、上記点に鑑み、第１には、従来と異なる新規な熱交換器を提供し、第２には、上記問題を解決することが可能な熱交換器を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、加熱された第１媒体が流れる第１チューブ（１２ａ）と、第１チューブ（１２ａ）と隣接して配置され、第２媒体が流れる第２チューブ（１２ｂ）と、第２チューブ（１２ｂ）と隣接して配置され、第３媒体が流れる第３チューブ（１２ｃ）とを有し、第１チューブ（１２ａ）、第２チューブ（１２ｂ）及び第３チューブ（１２ｃ）は、一体化されており、第２チューブ（１２ｂ）は、第２媒体が第１チューブ（１２ａ）の長手方向に直交する方向に蛇行しながら長手方向に流れるように形成されて、第３チューブ（１２ｃ）は、第３媒体が長手方向に直交する方向に蛇行しながら長手方向に流れるように形成されていることを特徴とする。
【０００６】
これにより、第１媒体と第２媒体、第２媒体と第３媒体、及び第１媒体と第３媒体とを熱交換することができる。
【０００７】
したがって、仮に、第１媒体と冷媒とし、第２媒体の給湯水とし、第３媒体を二次媒体としたヒートポンプ式給湯装置に本発明を適用すれば、冷媒と給湯水とを熱交換する水−冷媒熱交換器と給湯水と媒体とを熱交換する水−水熱交換器とをそれぞれ必要としないので、ヒートポンプ式給湯装置の構成部品点数の低減を図ることが可能となり、これに伴ってヒートポンプ式給湯装置の製造原価及び設置工数の低減を図ることができる。
【０００８】
以上に述べたように、本発明によれば、従来と異なる新規な熱交換器を得ることができるとともに、上記問題を解決することが可能な熱交換器を得ることができ得る。
【０００９】
請求項２に記載の発明では、加熱された第１媒体が流れる第１チューブ（１２ａ）と、第１チューブ（１２ａ）と隣接して配置され、第２媒体が流れる第２チューブ（１２ｂ）と、第１チューブ（１２ａ）と隣接して配置され、第３媒体が流れる第３チューブ（１２ｃ）とを有し、第１チューブ（１２ａ）、第２チューブ（１２ｂ）及び第３チューブ（１２ｃ）は、一体化されており、第２チューブ（１２ｂ）は、第２媒体が第１チューブ（１２ａ）の長手方向に直交する方向に蛇行しながら長手方向に流れるように形成されて、第３チューブ（１２ｃ）は、第３媒体が長手方向に直交する方向に蛇行しながら長手方向に流れるように形成されていることを特徴とする。
【００１０】
これにより、第１媒体と第２媒体、第２媒体と第３媒体、及び第１媒体と第３媒体とを熱交換することができる。
【００１１】
したがって、仮に、第１媒体と冷媒とし、第２媒体の給湯水とし、第３媒体を二次媒体としたヒートポンプ式給湯装置に本発明を適用すれば、冷媒と給湯水とを熱交換する水−冷媒熱交換器と給湯水と媒体とを熱交換する水−水熱交換器とをそれぞれ必要としないので、ヒートポンプ式給湯装置の構成部品点数の低減を図ることが可能となり、これに伴ってヒートポンプ式給湯装置の製造原価及び設置工数の低減を図ることができる。
【００１２】
以上に述べたように、本発明によれば、従来と異なる新規な熱交換器を得ることができるとともに、上記問題を解決することが可能な熱交換器を得ることができ得る。
また、請求項１または２に記載の熱交換器において、第１チューブ（１２ａ）は、多数本の細管で構成されていてもよい。また、温水を貯蔵する貯湯タンク（２０）と冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機（１１）とを有するヒートポンプ式給湯装置に適用される請求項１ないし３のいずれか１つに記載の熱交換器であって、第１媒体は、圧縮機（１１）にて加圧された冷媒であり、第２媒体は、貯湯タンク（２０）に貯蔵される給湯水であり、第３媒体は、給湯水とは異なる加熱対象を加熱する加熱用熱源となる流体であってもよい。
【００１３】
請求項５に記載の発明では、請求項１ないし４のいずれか１つに記載の熱交換器（１２）と、第１〜３媒体のうち少なくとも１つの媒体の流通の向きを切り替え可能に構成されたポンプ手段（２１）とを有し、熱交換させる２つの媒体流れを対向流れとすることを特徴とする。
【００１４】
これにより、効率よく媒体を熱交換することができる。
【００１５】
請求項６に記載の発明では、請求項１ないし３のいずれか１つに記載の熱交換器（１２）を有し、第１チューブ（１２ａ）に圧縮機（１１）にて加圧された冷媒を流すことを特徴とするものである。
【００１６】
請求項７に記載の発明では、請求項６に記載のヒートポンプサイクル（１０）と、温水を貯蔵する貯湯タンク（２０）とを有し、第２チューブ（１２ｂ）に貯湯タンク（２０）に貯蔵される給湯水を流し、第３チューブ（１２ｃ）に給湯水とは異なる加熱対象を加熱する加熱用熱源となる流体を流す給湯装置を特徴とする。
また、上記特徴の給湯装置において、さらに、給湯水を循環させるポンプ手段（２１）を有し、ポンプ手段（２１）は、給湯水の流通の向きを切り替え可能に構成されており、冷媒と給湯水とを熱交換させて給湯水を加熱する温水生成モードでは、ポンプ手段（２１）は、給湯水の流通の向きが冷媒の流通の向きに対して対向流れとなるように、切り替えられるようになっていてもよい。
さらに、給湯水と加熱用熱源となる流体とを熱交換させて加熱対象を加熱する第１加熱モードでは、ポンプ手段（２１）は、給湯水の流通の向きが加熱用熱源となる流体の流通の向きに対して対向流れとなるように、切り替えられるようになっていてもよい。
さらに、冷媒と加熱用熱源となる流体とを熱交換させて加熱対象を加熱する第２加熱モードでは、ポンプ手段（２１）の作動が停止されるようになっていてもよい。
【００１７】
因みに、上記各手段の括弧内の符号は、後述する実施形態に記載の具体的手段との対応関係を示す一例である。
【００１８】
【発明の実施の形態】
（第１実施形態）
本実施形態は、二酸化炭素を冷媒とするヒートポンプ式給湯装置に本発明を適用したものであって、図１はヒートポンプ式給湯装置の模式図である。
【００１９】
このヒートポンプ式給湯装置は、温水を生成するヒートポンプサイクル１０、このヒートポンプサイクル１０にて生成された温水を保温貯蔵する貯湯タンク２０、及び温水を熱源として室内の暖房をを行う床暖房装置３０等からなるものである。
【００２０】
ここで、ヒートポンプサイクル１０は、冷媒を吸入圧縮する圧縮機１１、給湯水等の熱交換する熱交換器１２、減圧器１３、蒸発器１４、アキュムレータ１５等からなるもので、圧縮機１１にて圧縮されて高温となった冷媒と給湯水等とを熱交換器１２で熱交換して給湯水等を加熱し、減圧器１３にて減圧された冷媒を蒸発器４にて蒸発させて外気から吸熱する。
【００２１】
因みに、アキュムレータ１５では、余剰冷媒を液相冷媒として蓄えるとともに、気相冷媒と冷凍機油を圧縮機１１に供給する。
【００２２】
また、貯湯タンク２０は、ヒートポンプサイクル１０、つまり熱交換器１２で加熱された給湯水を保温貯蔵するもので、電動式のポンプ２１は貯湯タンク２０と熱交換器１２との間で給湯水を循環させるポンプ手段であり、このポンプ２１は、その回転の向きを切り替えることにより、実線の向きに給湯水を循環させる場合と波線の向きに給湯水を循環させる場合とを切り替える。
【００２３】
また、床暖房装置３０は、熱交換器１２にて貯湯タンク２０に保温貯蔵された給湯水又は圧縮されて高温となった冷媒と熱交換して温度が上昇した媒体を熱源として床から室内を加熱するものであり、ポンプ３１は熱交換器１２と床暖房装置３０との間で媒体を循環させるポンプ手段である。
【００２４】
なお、媒体として、本実施形態では、エチレングリコール系の不凍液が混合された水を用いており、この媒体が「特許請求の範囲」に記載された第３媒体に相当し、冷媒が「特許請求の範囲」に記載された第１媒体に相当し、給湯水が「特許請求の範囲」に記載された第２媒体に相当する。
【００２５】
次に、熱交換器１２について述べる。
【００２６】
図２は熱交換器１２の斜視図であり、熱交換器１２は、冷媒が流れる第１チューブ１２ａと、第１チューブ１２ａと隣接して配置されて給湯水が流れる第２チューブ１２ｂと、第２チューブ１２ｂと隣接して配置されて媒体が流れる第３チューブ１２ｃとをろう付けにて一体化したものである。
【００２７】
ここで、第１チューブ１２ａは、上下方向に延びる多数本の細管（キャピラリーチューブ）から構成されたもので、一方、第２、３チューブ１２ｂ、１２ｃは、水平方向に蛇行しながら上下方向に給湯水又は媒体が流れるように構成されたもので、第２、３チューブ１２ｂ、１２ｃ内には、伝熱面積を増大させるフィンが設けられている。
【００２８】
次に、本実施形態に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置の特徴的作動及びその効果を述べる。
【００２９】
１．温水生成モード
このモードは、貯湯タンク２０内の給湯水を冷媒で加熱する場合に行われるモードであり、具体的には、冷媒と給湯水とが対向流れとなるように給湯水を図１の実線の向きに循環させるものである。
【００３０】
二酸化炭素を冷媒とするヒートポンプサイクル１０では、高圧側の冷媒圧力、つまり第１チューブ１２ａ内の冷媒圧力が臨界圧力以上となり、冷媒は相変化することなく、その温度を低下させることによりエンタルピを低下させるので、冷媒と給湯水とを対向流れとすれば、第１チューブ１２ａの入口側と出口側とで給湯水と冷媒との温度差が大きく相違せず、両者を効率よく熱交換することができる。
【００３１】
２．第１暖房モード
このモードは、貯湯タンク２０内の給湯水にて床暖房装置３０内を循環する媒体を加熱する場合に行われるモードであり、具体的には、媒体と給湯水とが対向流れとなるように給湯水を図１の波線の向きに循環させるものである。
【００３２】
これにより、媒体と給湯水とを効率よく熱交換することができる。
【００３３】
３．第２暖房モード
このモードは、貯湯タンク２０内に床暖房を行うに十分な温水が不足している場合に行われるモードであり、具体的には、ポンプ２１を停止した状態でポンプ３１を稼動させることにより、冷媒と媒体とが対向流れとなるようにして両者を熱交換させて床暖房装置３０内を循環する媒体を直接的に冷媒で加熱するものである。
【００３４】
これにより、貯湯タンク２０内に床暖房を行うに十分な温水が不足している場合であっても、床暖房を行うことができるとともに、冷媒と媒体とを効率よく熱交換することができる。
【００３５】
以上に述べたように、本実施形態によれば、冷媒が流れる第１チューブ１２ａと、第１チューブ１２ａと隣接して配置されて給湯水が流れる第２チューブ１２ｂと、第２チューブ１２ｂと隣接して配置されて媒体が流れる第３チューブ１２ｃとをろう付けにて一体化されているので、冷媒と給湯水、給湯水と媒体、及び冷媒と媒体とを熱交換することができる。
【００３６】
したがって、冷媒と給湯水とを熱交換する水−冷媒熱交換器と給湯水と媒体とを熱交換する水−水熱交換器とをそれぞれ必要としないので、ヒートポンプ式給湯装置の構成部品点数の低減を図ることができ、これに伴ってヒートポンプ式給湯装置の製造原価及び設置工数の低減を図ることができる。
【００３７】
（第２実施形態）
本実施形態は、図３に示すように、第２チューブ１２ｂ及び第３チューブ１２ｃの両者をそれぞれ第１チューブ１２ａに隣接して配置することにより、冷媒と給湯水、冷媒と媒体とを同時に熱交換可能としたものである。
【００３８】
因みに、第１実施形態では、第３チューブ１２ｃを第２チューブ１２ｂと隣接して配置していたため、第２暖房モード時に給湯水を循環させると、冷媒の熱の多くが給湯水に奪われ、媒体に直接的に与えることが難しいばかりか、冷媒から給湯水に与えられ熱が媒体に奪われるため、給湯水の生成と暖房運転との両立が困難である。このため、第１実施形態では、第２暖房モード時には、ポンプ２１を停止していた。
【００３９】
また、本実施形態では、第２チューブ１２ｂ及び第３チューブ１２ｃの両者をそれぞれ第１チューブ１２ａに隣接して配置することにより、冷媒と給湯水、冷媒と媒体とを同時に熱交換可能としたので、ポンプ２１、３１は一方向のみ循環させるものであってもよい。
【００４０】
なお、図３では、第１チューブ１２ｂを２本とし、第３チューブ１２ｃを１本として、冷媒流れに対して第３チューブ１２ｃを第１チューブ１２ｂとの間に配置しているが、本実施形態はこれに限定されるものではない。
【００４１】
（その他の実施形態）
上述の実施形態では、第３チューブ１２ｃで加熱された媒体を床暖房装置３０に利用したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば浴室乾燥機、衣類乾燥機やファンコンベクターにも利用することができる。
【００４２】
また、図２に示す熱交換器１２では、第３チューブ１２ｃの長さが第２チューブ１２ｂより短いが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
【００４３】
また、上述の実施形態では、第２チューブ１２ｂ内を流れる給湯水の流通の向きを変更したが、第３チューブ１２ｃ内を流れる媒体の流通の向きを変更することにより、冷媒、給湯水及び媒体のうち少なくとも１つの媒体の流通の向きを制御して熱交換させる２つの媒体流れを対向流れとしてもよい。
【００４４】
また、上述の実施形態では、第１チューブ１２ａは、上下方向に延びる多数本の細管から構成され、第２、３チューブ１２ｂ、１２ｃは、水平方向に蛇行しながら上下方向に給湯水又は媒体が流れるように構成されたものであったが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば第１チューブ１２ａを多穴チューブとしてよい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１実施形態に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置の模式図である。
【図２】本発明の第１実施形態に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置に用いられる熱交換器の斜視図である。
【図３】本発明の第２実施形態に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置の模式図である。
【図４】従来の技術に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置の模式図である。
【図５】従来の技術に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置の模式図である。
【符号の説明】
１２…熱交換器、１２ａ…第１チューブ、１２ｂ…第２チューブ、
１２ｃ…第３チューブ。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat exchanger and is effective when applied to a hot water supply apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
For example, in a heating device using hot water for hot water supply, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 20 and stored in the heating device 30 without directly supplying hot water to the heating device. Heat is given to the heating device by exchanging heat with the secondary medium circulating in the air.
[0003]
For this reason, in the hot water supply apparatus shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the case where there is insufficient hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 to perform heating, in addition to being unable to perform heating substantially, Since a water-refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat with hot water and a water-water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the hot water and the secondary medium are required, the number of components of the hot water supply device increases and accompanying this Increases installation man-hours.
[0004]
In view of the above points, the present invention firstly provides a novel heat exchanger different from the conventional one, and secondly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that can solve the above problems. To do.
[0005]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first tube (12a) through which a heated first medium flows and a second tube through which a second medium flows (which is disposed adjacent to the first tube (12a)). and 12b), disposed adjacent to the second tube (12b), and a third tube third medium flows (12c), the first tube (12a), a second tube (12b) and the third tube (12c) is integrated , and the second tube (12b) is formed so that the second medium flows in the longitudinal direction while meandering in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the first tube (12a), The third tube (12c) is formed so that the third medium flows in the longitudinal direction while meandering in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction .
[0006]
Thereby, heat exchange can be performed between the first medium and the second medium, the second medium and the third medium, and the first medium and the third medium.
[0007]
Therefore, if the present invention is applied to a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus that uses the first medium and the refrigerant, the second medium as the hot water, and the third medium as the secondary medium, the water that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the hot water is used. - water and the hot water and the medium-refrigerant heat exchanger for heat exchange - since the water heat exchanger does not, respectively it necessary, it is possible to reduce the number of components of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus, in which Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost and the installation man-hour of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus.
[0008]
As described above, according to the present invention, a novel heat exchanger different from the conventional one can be obtained, and a heat exchanger capable of solving the above problems can be obtained.
[0009]
In the invention according to claim 2, the first tube (12a) through which the heated first medium flows, the second tube (12b) disposed adjacent to the first tube (12a) and through which the second medium flows are provided. And a third tube (12c) that is disposed adjacent to the first tube (12a) and through which the third medium flows, the first tube (12a), the second tube (12b), and the third tube (12c). are integrated, the second tube (12b) is formed to flow in the longitudinal direction while meandering in the direction in which the second medium is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first tube (12a), the third tube (12c) is characterized in that the third medium is formed to flow in the longitudinal direction while meandering in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction .
[0010]
Thereby, heat exchange can be performed between the first medium and the second medium, the second medium and the third medium, and the first medium and the third medium.
[0011]
Therefore, if the present invention is applied to a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus that uses the first medium and the refrigerant, the second medium as the hot water, and the third medium as the secondary medium, the water that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the hot water is used. - water and the hot water and the medium-refrigerant heat exchanger for heat exchange - since the water heat exchanger does not, respectively it necessary, it is possible to reduce the number of components of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus, in which Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost and the installation man-hour of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus.
[0012]
As described above, according to the present invention, a novel heat exchanger different from the conventional one can be obtained, and a heat exchanger capable of solving the above problems can be obtained .
Moreover, the heat exchanger of Claim 1 or 2 WHEREIN: The 1st tube (12a) may be comprised with many thin tubes. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat exchanger is applied to a heat pump hot water supply device having a hot water storage tank (20) for storing hot water and a compressor (11) for compressing refrigerant. The first medium is a refrigerant pressurized by the compressor (11), the second medium is hot water stored in the hot water storage tank (20), and the third medium is hot water. The fluid used as the heat source for a heating which heats a different heating object may be sufficient.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 5 is configured such that the heat exchanger (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and the flow direction of at least one of the first to third media can be switched. And the two medium flows to be heat-exchanged are opposed to each other.
[0014]
Thereby, the medium can be efficiently heat-exchanged.
[0015]
In invention of Claim 6 , it has the heat exchanger (12) as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3, and was pressurized with the compressor (11) to the 1st tube (12a). It is characterized by flowing a refrigerant.
[0016]
In the invention described in claim 7, a heat pump cycle (10) according to claim 6, and a hot water storage tank (20) for storing hot water, stored in the second tube (12b) to the hot water storage tank (20) The hot water supply apparatus is characterized by flowing hot water to be supplied and flowing a fluid serving as a heating heat source for heating a heating object different from the hot water to the third tube (12c) .
Further, the hot water supply apparatus having the above characteristics further includes pump means (21) for circulating hot water, and the pump means (21) is configured to be able to switch the flow direction of the hot water, so that the refrigerant and the hot water supply can be switched. In the hot water generation mode in which hot water is heated by exchanging heat with water, the pump means (21) is switched so that the flow direction of the hot water is opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant. It may be.
Further, in the first heating mode in which the hot water is heated and the heating target is heated by exchanging heat between the hot water and the fluid as the heating heat source, the pump means (21) distributes the fluid in which the direction of the hot water supply is the heating heat source. It may be configured to be switched so that the flow is opposed to the direction of.
Further, in the second heating mode in which the refrigerant and the fluid serving as the heat source for heating are subjected to heat exchange to heat the object to be heated, the operation of the pump means (21) may be stopped.
[0017]
Incidentally, the reference numerals in parentheses of each means described above are an example showing the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiments described later.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(First embodiment)
In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, and FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus.
[0019]
The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus, the heat pump cycle 10 for producing hot water, savings hot water tank 20 you kept storing hot water generated by the heat pump cycle 10, and a floor heating system performs the indoor heating hot water as a heat source 30 Etc.
[0020]
Here, the heat pump cycle 10 includes a compressor 11 for sucking and compressing refrigerant, a heat exchanger 12 for exchanging heat such as hot water, a decompressor 13, an evaporator 14, an accumulator 15, and the like. The heat of the compressed refrigerant and hot water is exchanged by the heat exchanger 12 to heat the hot water and the refrigerant depressurized by the decompressor 13 is evaporated by the evaporator 4 from the outside air. It absorbs heat.
[0021]
Incidentally, the accumulator 15 stores the surplus refrigerant as a liquid phase refrigerant and supplies the gas phase refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil to the compressor 11.
[0022]
The hot water storage tank 20 retains hot water heated by the heat pump cycle 10, that is, the heat exchanger 12, and the electric pump 21 supplies hot water between the hot water storage tank 20 and the heat exchanger 12. The pump 21 circulates, and this pump 21 switches between rotating the hot water in the direction of the solid line and circulating the hot water in the direction of the wavy line by switching the direction of rotation.
[0023]
Further, the floor heating device 30 heats the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 20 in the heat exchanger 12 or the compressed and high-temperature refrigerant to exchange heat between the floor and the room from the floor as a heat source. The pump 31 is a pump unit that circulates the medium between the heat exchanger 12 and the floor heating device 30.
[0024]
In this embodiment, water mixed with ethylene glycol antifreeze is used as the medium. This medium corresponds to the third medium described in “Claims”, and the refrigerant is “claimed”. The hot water supply water corresponds to the second medium described in “Claims”.
[0025]
Next, the heat exchanger 12 will be described.
[0026]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the heat exchanger 12. The heat exchanger 12 includes a first tube 12a through which a refrigerant flows, a second tube 12b that is disposed adjacent to the first tube 12a and through which hot water flows, and The second tube 12b and the third tube 12c arranged adjacent to each other and through which the medium flows are integrated by brazing.
[0027]
Here, the first tube 12a is composed of a large number of thin tubes (capillary tubes) extending in the vertical direction, while the second and third tubes 12b and 12c supply hot water in the vertical direction while meandering in the horizontal direction. It is configured to allow water or a medium to flow, and fins for increasing the heat transfer area are provided in the second and third tubes 12b and 12c.
[0028]
Next, the characteristic operation and effect of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described.
[0029]
1. Hot water generation mode This mode is a mode performed when the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 is heated by the refrigerant. Specifically, the hot water is supplied to the refrigerant and the hot water so as to face each other as shown in FIG. It circulates in the direction of the solid line.
[0030]
In the heat pump cycle 10 using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side, that is, the refrigerant pressure in the first tube 12a is equal to or higher than the critical pressure, and the refrigerant does not undergo a phase change, thereby reducing its temperature and lowering the enthalpy. Therefore, if the refrigerant and the hot water are made to flow opposite to each other, the temperature difference between the hot water and the refrigerant is not greatly different between the inlet side and the outlet side of the first tube 12a, and the two can efficiently exchange heat. it can.
[0031]
2. 1st heating mode This mode is a mode performed when the medium circulating in the floor heating apparatus 30 is heated with the hot water in the hot water storage tank 20, and specifically, the medium and the hot water flow in opposite directions. The hot water is circulated in the direction of the wavy line in FIG.
[0032]
Thereby, a medium and hot water supply water can be heat-exchanged efficiently.
[0033]
3. Second heating mode This mode is performed when there is insufficient hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 to perform floor heating. Specifically, the pump 31 is operated with the pump 21 stopped. By doing so, the medium circulating in the floor heating device 30 is directly heated by the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the medium so that the refrigerant and the medium are opposed to each other.
[0034]
As a result, even when there is insufficient hot water in the hot water storage tank 20 to perform floor heating, floor heating can be performed, and heat can be exchanged efficiently between the refrigerant and the medium.
[0035]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the first tube 12a through which the coolant flows, the second tube 12b that is disposed adjacent to the first tube 12a and through which hot water flows through, and the second tube 12b are adjacent to each other. Thus, the third tube 12c through which the medium flows is integrated by brazing, so that heat can be exchanged between the refrigerant and the hot water, the hot water and the medium, and the refrigerant and the medium.
[0036]
Therefore, the water heat between the refrigerant and the hot water exchanger - water and refrigerant heat exchanger and hot water and the medium to the heat exchanger - because the water heat exchanger does not, respectively it necessary, the components of the heat pump type hot water supply device The number of points can be reduced, and accordingly, the manufacturing cost and the installation man-hour of the heat pump hot water supply device can be reduced.
[0037]
(Second Embodiment)
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, both the second tube 12b and the third tube 12c are disposed adjacent to the first tube 12a, so that the refrigerant and hot water and the refrigerant and medium are heated simultaneously. It can be exchanged.
[0038]
Incidentally, in the first embodiment, since the third tube 12c is arranged adjacent to the second tube 12b, when the hot water is circulated in the second heating mode, most of the heat of the refrigerant is taken away by the hot water, Not only is it difficult to give directly to the medium, but heat is given to the hot water from the refrigerant and the heat is taken away by the medium, so it is difficult to achieve both hot water generation and heating operation. For this reason, in the first embodiment, the pump 21 is stopped in the second heating mode.
[0039]
Moreover, in this embodiment, since both the 2nd tube 12b and the 3rd tube 12c are arrange | positioned adjacent to the 1st tube 12a, respectively, it was made possible to heat-exchange a refrigerant | coolant and hot water, and a refrigerant | coolant and a medium simultaneously. The pumps 21 and 31 may circulate only in one direction.
[0040]
In FIG. 3 , the first tube 12b is two, the third tube 12c is one, and the third tube 12c is disposed between the first tube 12b and the refrigerant flow. The form is not limited to this.
[0041]
(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the medium heated by the third tube 12c is used for the floor heating device 30, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention is applied to a bathroom dryer, a clothes dryer, and a fancon vector. Can be used.
[0042]
Moreover, in the heat exchanger 12 shown in FIG. 2, although the length of the 3rd tube 12c is shorter than the 2nd tube 12b, this invention is not limited to this.
[0043]
Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the direction of distribution of the hot water flowing in the second tube 12b was changed, the refrigerant, the hot water and the medium can be changed by changing the direction of the distribution of the medium flowing in the third tube 12c. Of these, the two medium flows that exchange heat by controlling the flow direction of at least one medium may be opposed flows.
[0044]
Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the 1st tube 12a is comprised from many thin tubes extended in an up-down direction, and the 2nd, 3 tubes 12b, 12c are hot water supply or a medium in an up-down direction meandering in a horizontal direction. Although it was comprised so that it might flow, this invention is not limited to this, For example, the 1st tube 12a is good also as a multi-hole tube.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger used in the heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to a conventional technique.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to a conventional technique.
[Explanation of symbols]
12 ... heat exchanger, 12a ... first tube, 12b ... second tube,
12c ... 3rd tube.

Claims (10)

加熱された第１媒体が流れる第１チューブ（１２ａ）と、
前記第１チューブ（１２ａ）と隣接して配置され、第２媒体が流れる第２チューブ（１２ｂ）と、
前記第２チューブ（１２ｂ）と隣接して配置され、第３媒体が流れる第３チューブ（１２ｃ）とを有し、
前記第１チューブ（１２ａ）、前記第２チューブ（１２ｂ）及び前記第３チューブ（１２ｃ）は、一体化されており、
前記第２チューブ（１２ｂ）は、前記第２媒体が前記第１チューブ（１２ａ）の長手方向に直交する方向に蛇行しながら前記長手方向に流れるように形成されて、
前記第３チューブ（１２ｃ）は、前記第３媒体が前記長手方向に直交する方向に蛇行しながら前記長手方向に流れるように形成されていることを特徴とする熱交換器。A first tube (12a) through which the heated first medium flows;
A second tube (12b) disposed adjacent to the first tube (12a) and through which the second medium flows;
Disposed adjacent to the second tube (12b), and a third tube third medium flows (12c),
The first tube (12a), the second tube (12b) and the third tube (12c) are integrated ,
The second tube (12b) is formed such that the second medium flows in the longitudinal direction while meandering in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the first tube (12a).
The heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein the third tube (12c) is formed such that the third medium flows in the longitudinal direction while meandering in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction . 加熱された第１媒体が流れる第１チューブ（１２ａ）と、
前記第１チューブ（１２ａ）と隣接して配置され、第２媒体が流れる第２チューブ（１２ｂ）と、
前記第１チューブ（１２ａ）と隣接して配置され、第３媒体が流れる第３チューブ（１２ｃ）とを有し、
前記第１チューブ（１２ａ）、前記第２チューブ（１２ｂ）及び前記第３チューブ（１２ｃ）は、一体化されており、
前記第２チューブ（１２ｂ）は、前記第２媒体が前記第１チューブ（１２ａ）の長手方向に直交する方向に蛇行しながら前記長手方向に流れるように形成されて、
前記第３チューブ（１２ｃ）は、前記第３媒体が前記長手方向に直交する方向に蛇行しながら前記長手方向に流れるように形成されていることを特徴とする熱交換器。A first tube (12a) through which the heated first medium flows;
A second tube (12b) disposed adjacent to the first tube (12a) and through which the second medium flows;
Disposed adjacent to the first tube (12a), and a third tube third medium flows (12c),
The first tube (12a), the second tube (12b) and the third tube (12c) are integrated ,
The second tube (12b) is formed such that the second medium flows in the longitudinal direction while meandering in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the first tube (12a).
The heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein the third tube (12c) is formed such that the third medium flows in the longitudinal direction while meandering in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction . 前記第１チューブ（１２ａ）は、多数本の細管で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の熱交換器。The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first tube (12a) includes a plurality of thin tubes. 温水を貯蔵する貯湯タンク（２０）と冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機（１１）とを有するヒートポンプ式給湯装置に適用される請求項１ないし３のいずれか１つに記載の熱交換器であって、It is a heat exchanger as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 applied to the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus which has the hot water storage tank (20) which stores warm water, and the compressor (11) which compresses a refrigerant | coolant,
前記第１媒体は、前記圧縮機（１１）にて加圧された冷媒であり、The first medium is a refrigerant pressurized by the compressor (11),
前記第２媒体は、前記貯湯タンク（２０）に貯蔵される給湯水であり、The second medium is hot water stored in the hot water storage tank (20),
前記第３媒体は、前記給湯水とは異なる加熱対象を加熱する加熱用熱源となる流体であることを特徴とする熱交換器。The heat exchanger, wherein the third medium is a fluid serving as a heating heat source for heating a heating object different from the hot water supply. 請求項１ないし４のいずれか１つに記載の熱交換器（１２）と、
前記第１〜３媒体のうち少なくとも１つの媒体の流通の向きを切り替え可能に構成されたポンプ手段（２１）とを有し、
熱交換させる２つの媒体流れを対向流れとすることを特徴とする熱交換装置。A heat exchanger (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
Pump means (21) configured to be capable of switching the flow direction of at least one of the first to third media ,
A heat exchange device characterized in that two medium flows to be subjected to heat exchange are opposite flows. 請求項１ないし３のいずれか１つに記載の熱交換器（１２）を有し、
前記第１チューブ（１２ａ）に圧縮機（１１）にて加圧された冷媒を流すことを特徴とするヒートポンプサイクル。A heat exchanger (12) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A heat pump cycle, wherein a refrigerant pressurized by a compressor (11) is caused to flow through the first tube (12a). 請求項６に記載のヒートポンプサイクル（１０）と、
温水を貯蔵する貯湯タンク（２０）とを有し、
前記第２チューブ（１２ｂ）に前記貯湯タンク（２０）に貯蔵される給湯水を流し、
前記第３チューブ（１２ｃ）に前記給湯水とは異なる加熱対象を加熱する加熱用熱源となる流体を流すことを特徴とする給湯装置。A heat pump cycle (10) according to claim 6 ;
A hot water storage tank (20) for storing hot water,
Pour hot water stored in the hot water storage tank (20) through the second tube (12b),
A hot water supply apparatus, wherein a fluid serving as a heating heat source for heating a heating object different from the hot water is supplied to the third tube (12c). さらに、前記給湯水を循環させるポンプ手段（２１）を有し、Furthermore, it has a pump means (21) for circulating the hot water supply,
前記ポンプ手段（２１）は、前記給湯水の流通の向きを切り替え可能に構成されており、The pump means (21) is configured to be capable of switching the flow direction of the hot water.
前記冷媒と前記給湯水とを熱交換させて前記給湯水を加熱する温水生成モードでは、前記ポンプ手段（２１）は、前記給湯水の流通の向きが前記冷媒の流通の向きに対して対向流れとなるように、切り替えられることを特徴とする請求項７に記載の給湯装置。In the hot water generation mode in which the hot water is heated by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the hot water, the pump means (21) has a flow direction of the hot water opposed to a flow direction of the refrigerant. The hot water supply device according to claim 7, wherein the hot water supply device is switched so that 前記給湯水と前記加熱用熱源となる流体とを熱交換させて前記加熱対象を加熱する第１加熱モードでは、前記ポンプ手段（２１）は、前記給湯水の流通の向きが前記加熱用熱源となる流体の流通の向きに対して対向流れとなるように、切り替えられることを特徴とする請求項８に記載の給湯装置。In the first heating mode in which the hot water is exchanged with the fluid serving as the heating heat source to heat the object to be heated, the pump means (21) is configured so that the flow direction of the hot water is the heating heat source. The hot water supply device according to claim 8, wherein the hot water supply device is switched so as to be opposed to the flow direction of the fluid. 前記冷媒と前記加熱用熱源となる流体とを熱交換させて前記加熱対象を加熱する第２加熱モードでは、前記ポンプ手段（２１）の作動が停止されることを特徴とする請求項９に記載の給湯装置。The operation of the pump means (21) is stopped in a second heating mode in which heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and a fluid as a heat source for heating to heat the object to be heated. Water heater.
JP2002149261A 2002-05-23 2002-05-23 Heat exchanger Expired - Fee Related JP3870841B2 (en)

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