JP3862706B2 - Slope construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a so-called slope construction method for slopes in mountainous areas, road shoulders, etc., and belongs to the technical field of slope construction methods corresponding to environmental protection.

  In general, so-called slopes such as slopes in mountainous areas formed by cutting timber and forest roads, etc., can be easily eroded, weathered, or collapsed by rainwater, wind or snow, and cause disasters such as debris flow or mudflow. there is a possibility. Here, a method of increasing the durability of the slope by covering and hardening the slope surface with a composition such as concrete or mortar has been proposed, but the structure obtained by curing the composition is made of a highly watertight material and In the case of a structure, there is a problem that a large amount of rainwater blocked on the slope side of the structure is stored and the structure breaks down due to the water pressure, and the natural penetration of rainwater into the ground is reduced. There are problems such as an increase in processing load on the ditches and sewerage facilities, and a lack of soil moisture in the reinforced slope, which adversely affects the ecosystem.

  In order to cope with this, for example, the method described in Patent Document 1 is a method in which a polymer compound composed of a complex of a magnesium salt of acrylic acid / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer and polyethyleneimine is added to diatomaceous earth and pure sandy earth. An aqueous solution and a cement-based solidifying material are added and kneaded, and the kneaded product is sprayed and solidified on the slope to form a soil layer based on a three-dimensional network structure, thereby reinforcing the slope and the method. The air permeability, water permeability and water retention of the surface are ensured, and the slope is made an environment suitable for plant growth.

JP 2002-13146 A

  By the way, since the method of patent document 1 contains a synthetic polymer compound in a kneaded material, there is a concern about the influence on the environment. That is, since the synthetic polymer compound is not biodegradable, if the residual soil generated when the slope reinforcement is destroyed is discarded as it is, it may remain in nature and adversely affect the ecosystem.

  Moreover, although the method of patent document 1 aims at a slope greening by setting a slope as an environment suitable for growth of a plant, on the contrary, a landscape may be damaged by a weed, for example. You may not want to grow weeds on the slope.

  Therefore, the present invention, without using an organic synthetic compound that does not exist in nature, ensures sufficient slope durability and water permeability, ensures the safety of residual soil, etc., contributes to environmental protection, while growing weeds. It aims at providing the slope construction method which can be suppressed.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows.

  First, the invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a slope construction method, in which soil, cement and inorganic salts are kneaded with water, and the obtained wet composition is applied to the slope to protect the slope. It is characterized by doing.

  Next, the invention according to claim 2 is the slope construction method according to claim 1, wherein the soil is 100 parts by weight, the cement is 5 to 20 parts by weight, and the inorganic salts are 0.1 to 5.0. It is characterized by blending parts by weight.

  Next, the invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that in the slope construction method described in claim 2, the aggregate is contained in a maximum of 30 parts by weight.

  Next, the invention according to claim 4 is the slope construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inorganic salts are ammonium salts, sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts. 1 or 2 or more selected from aluminum salts or iron compounds.

  And invention of Claim 5 is the slope construction method in any one of the said Claim 1 to Claim 4, Inorganic salts are ammonium chloride, potassium carbonate, iron sulfate, calcium chloride, It is characterized by being a mixture of magnesium chloride.

  First, according to the invention described in claim 1, when the composition contains inorganic salts, the composition is composed of only inorganic components existing in nature, even when the slope reinforcement is destroyed. Even if the remaining soil generated in the waste is discarded, the surrounding natural environment is not adversely affected and the environment can be protected.

  In addition, when inorganic salts are kneaded with soil and cement and cured, a dense and strong structure having excellent water permeability is obtained, so that the wet composition after kneading is sprayed onto the slope or kneaded. And improve the slope strength and durability, while allowing the rainwater to permeate well and prevent disasters such as debris flow and mud flow due to breach, etc. Can be prevented.

  That is, when inorganic salts are kneaded with soil and cement, the concentration of electrons increases due to the ions of inorganic salts present in the wet composition, and the ionization reaction of inorganic components such as calcium silicate and silica is activated. As a result of natural action, the coagulation and hardening of soil and cement are promoted, and in this case, an inorganic compound having a low ionization rate activated by a hydroxyl group or a carboxylic acid group that hinders coagulation or hardening is activated. The probability of contributing to a rapid binding reaction between ions is reduced, and due to these synergistic effects, a binding force between inorganic components is large, and a strong and dense structure can be obtained.

  Examples of the soil that can be used in the present invention include pure sand soil, mountain soil, mountain sand, river soil, river sand, Arakida soil, sandy loam, sandstone, shirasu, and the like. The above can be mixed and used. In addition, the particle diameter is preferably distributed, for example, in the range of 0.3 to 5 mm, and a particle diameter in the range of 0.5 to 2 mm can be particularly suitably used. In addition, a soil material that is originally colored, such as ocher, red soil, or black soil (volcanic ash-corrosive soil), may be used. On the other hand, when a white soil material is used, it may be appropriately colored with a pigment.

  By the way, it is said that weeds need nutrients, water, light, oxygen and the like to grow, while it is important that each component of inorganic salts contained in the soil is in a predetermined ratio. For example, it is said that plants grow well when the ratio of potassium, magnesium and calcium contained in the soil is approximately 1: 1: 2. Therefore, the growth of weeds can be suppressed by controlling the mineral balance of the soil by arbitrarily changing the ratio of the individual inorganic salts contained in the composition to be constructed on the slope.

  Next, according to invention of Claim 2, the composition obtained by mix | blending 100 weight part of soil, 5-20 weight part of cement, and 0.1-5.0 weight part of inorganic salts. Can ensure the durability of the slope and contain a lot of soil, so that a structure with high water permeability, water retention and heat absorption can be obtained. This can be prevented better. In addition, since the rainwater permeates from the slope surface due to the water permeability and the rainwater is stored as groundwater, the natural water circulation can be realized as a result, and the ecosystem is not adversely affected.

  Here, when the cement is 5 parts by weight or less, the composition cannot be sufficiently solidified, resulting in a problem that the strength and durability of the slope are lowered. On the other hand, when the cement is 20 parts by weight or more, the composition The ratio of the soil which occupies in the water decreases, resulting in a problem that water permeability is lowered.

  In addition, when the inorganic salt content is 0.1 parts by weight or less, the coagulation / condensation of the composition cannot be sufficiently compensated, and the strength and durability of the slope are lowered, while the inorganic salt content is 5.0% Even if more than one part is added, the bonding force and denseness of the structure are not improved so much.

  Next, according to the invention described in claim 3, by adding 30 parts by weight of aggregate such as gravel, sand, crushed stone and the like to the blend of claim 2, a higher strength and high quality slope can be obtained. Can be formed. Further, when the aggregate content is more than 30 parts by weight, the cohesive force between soil and cement is lowered, so that the durability of the slope is lowered. On the other hand, mixing the aggregate also has an advantage that the volume of the composition can be increased while maintaining durability.

  According to the invention of claim 4, ammonium salts such as ammonium chloride, sodium salts such as sodium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium nitrate, potassium salts such as potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate, calcium chloride , Calcium salts such as calcium carbonate, calcium nitrate, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate and calcium aluminate, magnesium salts such as magnesium chloride, magnesium silicate and magnesium sulfate, aluminum salts such as aluminum chloride and polyaluminum chloride, or iron sulfate A mixture of one or two or more selected from these iron compounds can be used as the inorganic salts. In any combination selected at this time, the same effect can be obtained in terms of slope durability, water permeability improvement, and the like.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 5, by using ammonium chloride, potassium carbonate, iron sulfate, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride as a combination of inorganic salts, the durability of the slope, water permeability Particularly good effects can be obtained in improving the property.

[Preparation of inorganic salt aqueous solution]
First, aqueous solutions A and B of inorganic salts were prepared with the formulation shown in FIG. For example, in the case of the salt aqueous solution A, as disclosed in JP-A-2000-63167, after ammonium chloride and potassium carbonate are simultaneously added to and dissolved in water from which the sodium chloride has been removed, iron sulfate is added. It was added and dissolved, and calcium chloride and magnesium chloride were further added and dissolved in this order.
[Preparation of wet composition]
And while mixing water so that it may become W / C60 by the mixing | blending shown in FIG. 2, it may further mix the said aqueous solution A or B, and obtained the wet composition AD. Then, the wet compositions A to D were poured into molds and cured for one week.
[Compressive strength test of composition]
A cylindrical specimen having a diameter of 25 mm and a length of 40 mm is cut out from the cured compositions A to D, and both ends of these specimens are capped with gypsum-mixed cement paste. : 10 × 10 ³ N, loading speed: 0.5 mm / min), a uniaxial incremental compression load was applied to obtain the maximum load, and the compressive strength was calculated according to Equation 1. The results are shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, a compressive strength of 1.08 × 10 ^{3 to} 1.94 × 10 ³ N (110 to 198 kgf / m ² ) was detected in the compositions A to D. This compressive strength is durable enough to prevent slope failure.

Furthermore, even when 30 kg or less of aggregates such as sand, gravel and crushed stone were mixed in the compositions A to D, a compressive strength equal to or higher than that was obtained. Further, the composition obtained by mixing 5 to 20 kg of cement and aqueous solution A or aqueous solution B as inorganic salts in various ratios in the range of 0.10 to 5.00 kg with respect to 100 kg of soil is also in accordance with the above. A compressive strength test was conducted, and in each case, an equivalent compressive strength was obtained.
[Water permeability test of composition]
Cylindrical compositions A to D having the dimensions shown in FIG. 4 were prepared from the compositions A to D, respectively, and a permeable cylinder having an inner diameter of 10.00 cm and a length of 12.73 cm according to JIS A 1218 and JSF T 311 respectively. A water permeability test using tap water was performed, and the water permeability coefficients at 22 ° C. and 15 ° C. were calculated according to Equation 2 and Equation 3, respectively. As shown in FIG. 5, the compositions A to D obtained in the present invention have good water permeability.

  Furthermore, equivalent water permeability was obtained also when aggregates, such as 30 kg or less of sand, gravel, and crushed stone, were mixed in composition AD. In addition, a composition obtained by mixing 5 to 20 kg of cement and aqueous solution A or aqueous solution B as inorganic salts in various ratios in the range of 0.10 to 5.00 kg with respect to 100 kg of soil is also in accordance with the above. The water permeability test was conducted, and the same water permeability was obtained in all cases.

[Construction on slope]
The composition thus adjusted is applied by a method such as spraying, kneading, rolling or spreading pressure on the slope. Spraying is a construction method in which a wet composition is pumped using a hose, and is sprayed and dried by using compressed air from a nozzle at the tip of the hose, and kneading is a wet composition containing a lot of moisture. It is a construction method in which the object is troweled on the slope and dried, and the rolling and spreading pressures are laid down on the slope with a composition with a relatively low water content, and roller-type and vibration-type rolling and spreading are applied. It is a construction method that is compacted with a pressure device and dried.

  The present invention provides a slope construction method that can sufficiently ensure the durability of the slope, and improve the safety of the remaining soil and the like, improve the recyclability and protect the environment, while suppressing the growth of weeds. I will provide a. The present invention relates to a so-called slope construction method for slopes in mountainous areas, road shoulders, etc., and is widely suitable in the technical field of slope construction methods corresponding to environmental protection.

It is a table | surface which shows each compounding quantity in the inorganic salt aqueous solution prepared in the Example of this invention. It is a table | surface which shows each compounding quantity in a composition. It is a table | surface which shows the result of a compressive strength test. It is a table | surface which shows the measured dimension of the composition shape | molded for the water permeability tests. It is a table | surface which shows the result of a water permeability test.

Claims (5)

  A slope construction method characterized in that soil, cement, and inorganic salts are kneaded with water, and the resulting wet composition is applied to the slope to protect the slope.   The slope construction method according to claim 1, wherein 100 parts by weight of soil, 5 to 20 parts by weight of cement, and 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of inorganic salts are blended.   The slope construction method according to claim 2, comprising a maximum of 30 parts by weight of aggregate.   The inorganic salt is a mixture of one or more selected from ammonium salts, sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, aluminum salts, or iron compounds. The slope construction method according to claim 3. The slope construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inorganic salt is a mixture of ammonium chloride, potassium carbonate, iron sulfate, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride. Law.

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