JP3856301B2 - Expansion method of existing tunnel using mobile work platform - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an expansion method for an existing tunnel using a mobile work gantry, and more particularly to a method for widening the cross section of an existing tunnel while ensuring the passage of a vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
If the existing tunnel that has been in use after construction has a problem such as not satisfying the current building limit, the section may be enlarged. When enlarging the cross section of the existing tunnel, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, the widening tunnel 1 includes the entire cross section of the existing tunnel 2, and the upper half widening portion 1 a located above the approximate ceiling portion of the existing tunnel 2. And the lower half widened portion 1b located on the outside of both sides of the existing tunnel 2 may be widened.
[0003]
When constructing such a widening tunnel 1, as shown in the figure, a fixed protector 3 having a reverse concave cross section is installed in the existing tunnel 2, and a vehicle or the like is passed inside the protector 3. In addition, the protector 3 is used as a working scaffold, the excavating machine 4 is mounted on the upper part thereof, the upper half widened portion 1a is excavated, and the lower half widened portion is driven by the excavating machine 5 traveling on the roadbed. 1b was excavated.
[0004]
Such excavation work of the upper half or lower half widened portions 1a and 1b is usually performed by excavating the lower half widened portion 1b after excavating the upper half widened portion 1a along the entire line, or these excavations can be performed simultaneously. Do.
[0005]
However, such a conventional method for expanding an existing tunnel has the following technical problems.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
That is, in the conventional expansion method described above, since a heavy machine such as the excavating machine 4 is mounted on the protector 3 and the protector 3 is used as a work floor, the protector 3 uses a highly rigid member over the entire line. Therefore, the ratio of the steel material cost to the whole construction became large, and it was very uneconomical.
[0007]
In addition, such cost increase becomes larger as the length of the tunnel becomes longer, and when the length of the fixed protector 3 becomes longer, the installation takes time and the time for traffic regulation also increases.
[0008]
Furthermore, when the cross section of the existing tunnel 2 is small, the cross section of the protector 3 is also reduced accordingly, and it takes time to replace heavy equipment on the protector 3, and the construction efficiency is greatly reduced. It was.
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to move economically even when the total extension is long or the cross section is small. The purpose is to provide an expansion method for existing tunnels that use a work table.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has an upper half widened portion located above the approximate ceiling portion of the existing tunnel, and a lower half widened portion located outside the both sides of the existing tunnel, In the expansion method of the existing tunnel that constructs the widening tunnel including the entire cross section of the existing tunnel inside, a simple protector with a reverse concave cross section that secures the passage of the vehicle is installed inside the lining layer of the existing tunnel, A mobile work gantry with a portal shape that can cover the outer periphery of a simple protector is installed movably along the axial direction of the existing tunnel, and excavation of the upper half widened part and destruction of the ceiling part of the lining layer Removal is performed from the mobile work gantry and excavation of the lower half widened portion and destruction and removal of the side wall of the lining layer are performed by road work on the side of the mobile work gantry. An expansion method, the mobile The industrial gantry is arranged on the face side and is equipped with an excavator for excavating the upper half widened portion, and a working gantry arranged behind the front protective gantry and used as a working scaffold and a heavy machinery standby And 3 blocks including a loading / unloading gantry used for loading / unloading heavy machinery and materials, and the loading / unloading gantry is configured to be separable from the work gantry, Moved alone while mounted.
[0010]
According to the existing tunnel enlargement method using the mobile work platform constructed in this way, only the functions necessary for ensuring the traffic of the vehicle are secured by the protector, which is simplified and used for excavation work. Since the mobile work base is movable along the axial direction of the existing tunnel, the protector does not require great rigidity.
[0011]
Therefore, even if the total length of the widening tunnel is increased, the economic efficiency is not deteriorated and the installation can be easily performed, so that the traffic regulation time does not increase so much.
[0012]
Further, in the present invention, the simple work protector and the mobile work gantry are divided into a gate-shaped shape that can cover the outer periphery of the simple protector, so that the degree of freedom of diversion of both increases and the movement Since the work platform can be arbitrarily moved to a position where the heavy machinery can be replaced, the cross section is not restricted by the replacement of the heavy machinery, and the cross section of the mobile work platform can be enlarged.
Furthermore, the mobile work gantry is arranged on the face side and is equipped with a front protection gantry on which an excavator for excavating the upper half widened portion is mounted, and is arranged behind the front protection gantry, and serves as a work platform and a waiting area for heavy machinery. Since it is composed of three blocks, a work gantry to be used and a carry-in / out gantry used for loading / unloading heavy machinery and materials, the three blocks comprising the front protection gantry, the work gantry and the carry-in / out gantry By appropriately selecting, widening construction can be performed according to various construction conditions.
In addition, the loading / unloading gantry is configured to be separable from the work gantry and can be moved alone with heavy machinery mounted on it. For example, when heavy concrete is sprayed on the widened section, unnecessary heavy machinery is loaded and unloaded. By being mounted on a table and moved backward, it can be retracted, and heavy equipment and materials can be mounted on a loading / unloading frame separately from excavation work.
[0013]
In the present invention, excavation of the upper half widened portion and destruction and removal of the ceiling portion of the lining layer, and excavation of the lower half widened portion and destruction and removal of the side wall portion of the lining layer can be performed simultaneously.
[0014]
According to this configuration, since the entire cross-section method with an auxiliary bench is used as a basis, rapid construction can be achieved and the face cross section is single, which is advantageous for construction management such as safety.
[0017]
The forward protection gantry is inserted between the ceiling portion of the existing tunnel and the simple protector at the front end side thereof, and the widening depression that prevents the crushed material such as excavation sludge and concrete glass from falling forward of the face is prevented. A prevention device can be provided.
[0018]
According to this configuration, since the fall of the crushed material to the front face of the face is prevented by the drop prevention device, it is possible to prevent damage to the simple protector.
[0019]
The mobile work gantry can be provided with a folding device that allows rotation in a horizontal plane at fixed lengths.
[0020]
According to this configuration, the mobile work gantry can be bent corresponding to the bending of the tunnel by the folding device.
[0021]
The mobile work gantry can be equipped with a work floor for a centle mold and a waterproof sheet tension used when forming a secondary lining layer on the inner surface of the widening tunnel.
[0022]
According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce costs such as the lining formwork and the seating cart.
[0025]
The sagging prevention device may be provided with a widenable airbag that contacts the inner surface of the lining layer in a widened state and separates from the inner surface of the lining layer in a contracted state.
[0026]
According to this configuration, when the airbag is widened and brought into contact with the inner surface of the existing tunnel, the crushed material can be reliably prevented from falling, and when the airbag is contracted, it is separated from the inner surface of the existing tunnel. The front protective gantry can be easily moved.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 show an embodiment of an expansion method for an existing tunnel using the mobile work platform according to the present invention.
[0028]
The enlargement method shown in the figure is applied to the construction of the widening tunnel 12 including the entire cross section of the existing tunnel 10 as shown in FIG. The existing tunnel 10 has a lining layer 14 having a substantially horseshoe-shaped cross section, and the lining layer 14 includes an arch-shaped ceiling portion 16 and side wall portions 18 integrally connected to both sides thereof.
[0029]
The widening tunnel 12 includes an upper half widened portion 20 located above the approximate ceiling portion 16 of the lining layer 14, and a pair of lower half widened portions 22 located outside the side wall portions 18 on both sides of the lining layer 14. It has.
[0030]
In constructing such a widening tunnel 12, in this embodiment, a simple protector 24 and a mobile work gantry 26 are used. The simple protector 24 is used to ensure the passage of the general vehicle 26, and is a low-rigidity member such as a relatively thin steel plate and is formed in a reverse concave shape with a flat ceiling, and covers the existing tunnel 10. It is installed in the inside of the layer 14 over the full length of the part to which widening construction is performed, or a fixed area part.
[0031]
The mobile work gantry 26 is configured to be movable along the axial direction of the existing tunnel 10 and is formed in a gate shape that can cover the outer periphery of the simple protector 24. Both sides of the mobile work gantry 26 and the widening tunnel 12 are formed. Is provided with a space in which an excavator 27 such as a shredder with a breaker described later can travel.
[0032]
In the case of the present embodiment, the mobile work gantry 26 is composed of three blocks: a forward protection gantry 30, a work gantry 32, and a carry-in / out gantry 34.
[0033]
The front protection gantry 30 is disposed on the face side, and is equipped with an excavator 36 such as a breaker that excavates the upper half widened portion 20 and destroys the ceiling portion 16, and is formed in a gate shape. A protective gantry body 40 and a drop prevention device 42 disposed on the distal end side of the body 40 are provided.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 5, the protective gantry main body 40 has a reverse concave shape in which the simple protector 24 can be accommodated, and includes an upper plate 401 and a pair of legs 402. The upper plate 401 is formed flat, and the excavator 36 is mounted on this portion.
[0035]
The lower ends of a pair of legs 402 suspended from both sides of the upper end of the upper plate 401 are sequentially extended in the axial direction of the tunnel with a predetermined interval outside the simple protector 24 as excavation progresses. A plurality of wheels (not shown) running on a pair of rails 44 are provided.
[0036]
The sagging prevention device 42 is inserted between the lower surface of the ceiling 16 of the existing tunnel 10 and the upper end surface of the simple protector 24 to prevent crushed materials such as excavation sludge and concrete gravel from falling forward of the face. In order to prevent damage to the simple protector 24, an air bag 46 and a support member 48 are provided as shown in detail in FIGS.
[0037]
The support member 48 is a portal type attached and supported at the tip of the protective gantry body 40, and is composed of a flat top plate 48a and a pair of side plates 48b suspended from both ends of the top plate 48a. ing. The gate shape of the support member 48 is such that it can be inserted into the lining layer 14 of the existing tunnel 10 and the simple protector 24 can be housed inside.
[0038]
The top plate 48a is one step lower than the upper end plate 40a of the protective gantry body 40, and the airbag 46 on the upper surface side of this portion is disposed. The airbag 46 expands its outer shape by injecting air and contracts its outer shape by discharging air. In this embodiment, the airbag 46 has a semicircular portion 46a having a predetermined width and the semicircular portion. 46a and a pair of ears 46b projecting from both ends, and the surface of the semicircular portion 46a opposite to the face is an inclined surface 46c that is inclined downward.
[0039]
When the airbag 46 configured in this manner is in a contracted state and is inserted between the lining layer 14 and the simple protector 24 together with the support member 48 to inject and widen the air, the semicircular portion The upper side of 46 a abuts against the inner surface of the ceiling portion 16 of the lining layer 14, and the ear portion 46 b abuts against the inner surface of the side wall portion 18 of the lining layer 14, and between the lining layer 14 and the simple protector 24. Can be occluded.
[0040]
When the airbag 46 having such a configuration is employed in the fall prevention device 42, the crushed material can be reliably prevented from falling, and when the airbag 46 is contracted, it is separated from the inner surface of the existing tunnel 10, so that the front protective gantry 30 is provided. Can be easily moved.
[0041]
The work gantry 32 is disposed behind the front protection gantry 30 and is used as a work scaffold and a heavy machinery standby area. Details thereof are shown in FIG. The work gantry 32 shown in the figure is a reverse concave type that can accommodate the simple protector 24 therein, and includes a main body including an upper plate 321 and a pair of leg portions 322.
[0042]
The upper plate 321 is formed flat, and a heavy machine or the like is mounted on this portion. Wheels (not shown) that run on rails 44 that are sequentially extended in the axial direction of the tunnel as the excavation progresses are provided at the lower ends of a pair of leg portions 322 that are suspended on both sides of the upper end of the upper plate 321. Are provided.
[0043]
The carry-in / out gantry 34 is arranged behind the work gantry 32 and is used for loading / unloading heavy machinery and materials, and details thereof are shown in FIG. The carry-in / out gantry 34 shown in the figure has a reverse concave shape that can accommodate the simple protector 24 therein, and includes a main body including an upper plate 341 and a pair of legs 342.
[0044]
The upper plate 341 is formed flat, and heavy machinery and materials are mounted on this portion. A plurality of wheels (not shown) that run on rails 44 that are sequentially extended in the axial direction of the tunnel as excavation progresses are provided at the lower ends of a pair of leg portions 342 that are suspended from the lower surface of the upper plate 341. Is provided.
[0045]
In this embodiment, the front protection gantry 30, the work gantry 32, and the carry-in / out gantry 34 are connected to each other so as to move together on the rail 44 in the same direction. For example, the carry-in / out gantry 34 is configured to be separable from the work gantry 32 and can be moved alone in a state where heavy equipment is mounted.
[0046]
When such a configuration is adopted, for example, when concrete is sprayed on the widened section, unnecessary heavy machinery can be mounted on the loading / unloading gantry 34 and moved backward to be evacuated, excavation work, etc. Thus, heavy machinery and materials can be mounted on the loading / unloading gantry 34.
[0047]
Next, a procedure for constructing the widening tunnel 12 using the mobile work gantry 26 having the above configuration will be described. When constructing the widening tunnel 12, first, drainage channels, electric circuits, water pipes, etc. of the existing tunnel 10 are turned, and if necessary, pre-reinforcement bolts are placed on the face of the face, etc. After shaping, the simple protector 24 is installed over the entire length of the existing tunnel 10 or a certain section.
[0048]
Then, a rail 44 is laid close to the wellhead of the existing tunnel 10, the movable work gantry 26 is placed on the rail 44, and the falling prevention device 42 on the tip side is attached to the existing tunnel 10. It is inserted between the layer 14 and the simple protector 24, and air is injected into the airbag 46 to widen it, thereby preventing the excavation gap and the concrete glass from falling forward of the face.
[0049]
Next, the upper half widened portion 20 and the lower half widened portion 22 of the widening tunnel 12 are excavated. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper half widened portion 20 roughly positioned above the ceiling portion of the existing tunnel 10 is formed by an excavator 36 (breaker, free section excavator) mounted on the work gantry 32 or by blasting. Excavation is performed, and the excavator 36 destroys and removes the ceiling portion 16 of the lining layer 14.
In addition, the lower half widened portion 22 that is roughly located outside the side wall portion of the existing tunnel 10 is excavated by an excavator 27 (a shafluda with a breaker) that runs on the roadbed. The destruction and removal of the 14 side wall portions 18 is also performed.
[0050]
Excavation gaps and concrete waste generated at this time are mounted on the dump truck 52 and carried out of the mine by a belt conveyor.
[0051]
In this case, the excavation of the upper half widened portion 20 and the destruction and removal of the ceiling portion 16 of the lining layer 14 are performed separately from the excavation of the lower half widened portion 22 and the destruction and removal of the side wall portion 18 of the lining layer 14. However, it is desirable to perform these operations simultaneously.
[0052]
The reason for this is that if they are performed at the same time, the entire cross-section method with an auxiliary bench will be used as the basis. This is because it becomes advantageous.
[0053]
As described above, excavation of the upper half widened portion 20 and destruction and removal of the ceiling portion 16 of the lining layer 14, excavation of the lower half widened portion 22 and destruction and removal of the side wall portion 18 of the lining layer 14 proceed sequentially. Then, the rail 44 is extended to the face side, and the movable work gantry 26 is moved to the face side accordingly.
[0054]
When the excavation of a predetermined length is completed, the concrete is blown to the excavation surface of the widening tunnel 12 by the blowing robot 54 to form the primary lining layer 55, and the lock bolt 57 is driven by the jumbo 56. To do.
[0055]
At this time, the spraying robot 54 and the jumbo 56 are mounted on the work gantry 32 and the loading / unloading gantry 34, and the above-described operation is performed by retreating the position as appropriate. The operations such as excavation described above are sequentially continued over the entire length of the existing tunnel 12 to be widened, and when these operations are completed over the entire length, the mobile work gantry 26 is the main body of each gantry 30, 32, 34. Leave only the part and remove the unnecessary part.
[0056]
Then, a not-illustrated centle mold with a curved plate is mounted on the movable work gantry 26, and concrete is placed, so that the secondary lining layer 58 is formed on the inner surface of the primary lining layer 55. Form. A work floor used for work such as waterproof sheeting can be mounted on the mobile work gantry 26.
[0057]
When the secondary lining layer 58 is formed, the simple protector 24 is removed, the floor slab of the widening tunnel 12 is formed, the road surface is restored, the drainage facility is restored, and the construction is completed.
[0058]
Now, according to the expansion method of the existing tunnel using the mobile work gantry 26 configured as described above, the protector 24 is secured only with the functions necessary for ensuring the passage of the vehicle, and this is simplified. Since the excavation work gantry is the mobile work gantry 26 that is movable along the axial direction of the existing tunnel, the protector 24 does not require great rigidity.
[0059]
Therefore, even if the total length of the widening tunnel 12 becomes longer, the economic efficiency is not deteriorated and the installation can be easily performed, so that the traffic regulation time does not increase so much.
[0060]
Further, in this embodiment, the simple work protector 24 and the movable work gantry 26 are divided into the portal work shape that allows the outer cover of the simple protector 24 to be covered. When the cross-sectional area of the existing tunnel 10 to be widened is small, the cross section of the mobile work gantry 26 can be enlarged, and heavy machinery can be replaced on the gantry 26, and the construction efficiency is reduced. It can be avoided.
[0061]
In this embodiment, the mobile work gantry 26 includes a front protection gantry 30, a work gantry 32 arranged behind the front protection gantry 30, and a loading / unloading gantry 34 arranged behind the work gantry 32. Since it is comprised from 3 blocks, widening construction can be performed according to various construction conditions by selecting each of these blocks suitably.
[0062]
In the case of the present embodiment, the front protection gantry 30 is inserted between the ceiling portion 16 of the existing tunnel 10 and the simple protector 24 at the front end side thereof, and the face of crushed material such as excavation sludge and concrete glass. Since the drop prevention device 42 for preventing the fall to the front is provided, the fall prevention device 42 prevents the crushed material from falling to the front of the face, and the damage of the simple protector 24 due to the fall can be prevented.
[0063]
FIG. 10 shows another example of a mobile work gantry that can be used in the method for expanding an existing tunnel according to the present invention.
The same reference numerals are assigned and description thereof is omitted, and only the feature points will be described below.
[0064]
The mobile work gantry 26a shown in the figure has a work gantry 32a and a loading / unloading gantry 34a, both of which are formed in a gate shape, as in the above embodiment. Each of these gantry units 32a and 34a is sized so that the simple protector 24 can be installed therein, and wide portions 321a and 341a are provided on the rear side, and narrow portions 322a and 342a are provided on the front side. It has been.
[0065]
The narrow portions 322a and 342a have dimensions and shapes that can be inserted into the wide portions 321a and 341a disposed on the front side, and the narrow portions 322a and 342a are inserted between the wide portions 321a and 341a with the narrow portions 322a and 342a inserted therebetween. The rotation pins 60 are connected.
[0066]
In the mobile work gantry 26a configured in this way, one gantry is pivotably coupled to the other gantry in a horizontal plane, so that a so-called folding device is configured.
[0067]
According to such a configuration, in addition to the function and effect of the above-described embodiment, the mobile work gantry 26a can be bent in accordance with the bending of the tunnel by the folding device. In addition, the middle folding apparatus of a present Example may provide not only one place but multiple, for example for every predetermined length.
[0068]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the method for expanding an existing tunnel using the mobile work gantry according to the present invention, widening is possible economically even when the total length is long or the cross section is small.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory side view of an embodiment of an embodiment of a method for expanding an existing tunnel using a mobile work gantry according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an explanatory front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 1;
5 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG.
6 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 4;
7 is a perspective view of a main part of FIG. 4. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a view taken along the line CC in FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a view taken along the line DD in FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a main part perspective view showing another example of a mobile work gantry used in the method for expanding an existing tunnel according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional method for enlarging an existing tunnel.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Existing tunnel 12 Widening tunnel 14 Covering layer 16 Ceiling part 18 Side wall part 20 Upper half widening part 22 Lower half widening part 24 Simple protector 26 Mobile gantry 28 General vehicle 30 Front guard gantry 32 Work gantry 34 Carrying in / out gantry 42 Prevention of falling apparatus

Claims (6)

A widened tunnel having an upper half widened portion located above the approximate ceiling portion of the existing tunnel and a lower half widened portion located generally outside the both sides of the existing tunnel, and including the entire cross section of the existing tunnel inside In the expansion method of the existing tunnel to be built,
A simple protector with a reverse concave cross section that secures vehicle traffic is installed inside the lining layer of the existing tunnel,
A mobile work platform having a gate shape capable of covering the outer periphery of the simple protector is installed movably along the axial direction of the existing tunnel,
The excavation of the upper half widened part and the destructive removal of the ceiling part of the lining layer are performed by work from the mobile work gantry,
An expansion method for excavation of the lower half widened portion and destruction and removal of the side wall portion of the lining layer by work on the roadbed on the side of the mobile work gantry,
The mobile work gantry is arranged on the face side, and a front protective gantry on which an excavator for excavating the upper half widened portion is mounted,
A work gantry arranged behind the front protective gantry and used as a work platform and a waiting area for heavy machinery;
It is arranged at the back of the work gantry and is composed of three blocks with a loading / unloading gantry used for loading / unloading heavy machinery and materials,
The method for enlarging an existing tunnel using a mobile work gantry characterized in that the carry-in / out gantry is configured to be separable from the work gantry and is moved alone in a state where heavy machinery is mounted.   The excavation of the upper half widened portion, the destruction and removal of the ceiling portion of the lining layer, and the excavation of the lower half widened portion and the destruction and removal of the side wall portion of the lining layer are performed simultaneously. Expansion method for existing tunnels using the described mobile work platform.   The forward protection gantry is inserted between the ceiling portion of the existing tunnel and the simple protector at the front end side thereof, and the widening depression that prevents the crushed material such as excavation sludge and concrete trash from falling forward of the face. An expansion method for an existing tunnel using the mobile work gantry according to claim 1, further comprising a prevention device.   3. The method for enlarging an existing tunnel using the mobile work base according to claim 1, wherein the mobile work base includes a folding device for every predetermined length.   3. The mobile work gantry is equipped with a work floor for centle mold and tarpaulin tension used when forming a secondary lining layer on the inner surface of the widening tunnel. Expansion method for existing tunnels using the described mobile work platform.   4. The movable type according to claim 3, wherein the sagging prevention device has a widenable airbag that abuts against the inner surface of the lining layer in a widened state and separates from the inner surface of the lining layer in a contracted state. A method for expanding existing tunnels using a work platform.

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