JP3851732B2 - Spray condenser - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a spray condenser, and more particularly, to a spray condenser having an increased condensation capacity by effectively treating non-condensable gas generated when turbine exhaust and cooling water are brought into direct contact with each other.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a geothermal power plant naturally evaporates hot water, etc., stored in underground wells, etc. with a flasher, etc., guides the naturally evaporated steam to a steam turbine, performs expansion work, and exhausts the turbine exhaust after completing expansion work. After condensing in a condenser, the condensed water (condensate) is returned to the basement.
[0003]
As a condenser applied to this geothermal power plant, a heat exchanger of a type in which the turbine exhaust and the cooling water are brought into direct contact is often used in order to increase the condensation capacity.
[0004]
Direct contact type condensers are roughly classified into a tray type and a spray type. The former and the latter are the same in that the means for atomizing the cooling water is different and the condensation capacity of the turbine exhaust is increased. In other words, the former means for atomizing the cooling water is provided with a plate (tray) formed in a shelf shape in the fuselage, and the cooling water is naturally dropped from a hole provided in the shelf-like plate to enhance the condensation capacity of the turbine exhaust. On the other hand, the latter cooling water atomization means accommodates the nozzle in the fuselage, devise the position of the nozzle, and skillfully utilize the pressure difference of the cooling water coming out of the nozzle to increase the condensation capacity of the turbine exhaust It is.
[0005]
The latter spray condenser is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-167690, and its outline is shown in FIG.
[0006]
The spray condenser is generated when the turbine exhaust TEX is condensed at the center of the box-shaped body 1 and the turbine exhaust TEX from the steam turbine (not shown) is condensed at both sides thereof. A non-condensable gas cooling unit 3 that cools the non-condensable gas, and partitions 4 a and 4 b that partition the turbine exhaust condensing unit 2 and the non-condensed gas cooling unit 3.
[0007]
Further, the spray condenser accommodates a cooling water supply unit 6 across the hot well (condensate reservoir) 5 side of the bottom of the fuselage 1, and supplies cooling water to a spray nozzle 7 accommodated in the turbine exhaust condensing unit 2 from here. A cooling water spray unit 8 for guiding and a cooling water supply unit 11 which is accommodated transversely in the non-condensable gas cooling unit 3 and guides the cooling water to a cooling water reservoir 10 provided with a spray nozzle 9 are provided.
[0008]
In the spray condenser having such a configuration, the turbine exhaust TEX guided from the steam turbine to the turbine exhaust condensing unit 2 directly contacts the atomized cooling water from the spray nozzle 7 and is hot as condensed water (condensate). After being collected in the well 5, it is returned to the basement through the outlet 12.
[0009]
Further, the non-condensable gas generated at the time of direct contact with the cooling water of the turbine exhaust is guided to the non-condensable gas cooling unit 3 where it directly contacts the cooling water sprayed from the spray nozzle 9 of the cooling water reservoir 10. The sensible heat is lost and the gas is discharged from the gas outlet 13 to the atmosphere.
[0010]
As described above, the conventional spray condenser increases the condensation capacity by bringing the turbine exhaust TEX into direct contact with the cooling water, and directly brings the non-condensable gas generated when the turbine exhaust TEX is condensed into contact with the cooling water. Since the sensible heat of the condensed gas was recovered, the thermal energy of the turbine exhaust TEX could be recovered sufficiently.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional spray condenser shown in FIG. 10 has several problems, one of which is retention of non-condensable gas accompanying the drift of turbine exhaust.
[0012]
Conventionally, a steam turbine applied to a geothermal power plant is a so-called axial flow type in which driving steam flows along an axial direction, a steam inlet is provided at one end, and a turbine exhaust port is provided at the other end, or in a central portion of a casing. It has a so-called counterflow type structure in which the steam inlet is provided with turbine exhaust ports on both sides of the casing. For this reason, when the turbine exhaust gas flows from the steam turbine to the spray condenser, the turbine exhaust gas only flows more on the side surface side and hardly flows in the central portion.
[0013]
When the turbine exhaust does not flow to the central portion of the spray condenser, the non-condensable gas gathered at the central portion becomes a stagnation, increases in concentration, and lowers the heat exchange rate.
[0014]
In addition, if the non-condensable gas stays in the central part of the spray condenser, the internal pressure of the spray condenser rises, and it becomes impossible to maintain the degree of vacuum as designed, resulting in a problem of reducing turbine output. there were.
[0015]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is intended to provide a spray condenser that effectively treats non-condensable gas that collects in the central portion of the fuselage when drifting turbine exhaust from a steam turbine. Objective.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the spray condenser according to the present invention, as described in claim 1, is arranged concentrically within an outer body part that forms a turbine exhaust condensing part and the outer body part, An inner body part that forms a non-condensable gas cooling part, a turbine exhaust condensing means that is provided in the turbine exhaust condensing part, jets cooling water to the turbine exhaust and directly contacts it, and is provided in the inner body part, A non-condensable gas inlet that guides the non-condensable gas generated in the turbine exhaust condensing unit to the non-condensable gas cooling unit, and the non-condensable gas cooling unit, and injects cooling water directly into the non-condensed gas cooling unit. A non-condensable gas cooling means, and a separator that is provided in the non-condensable gas cooling section and separates and rectifies the gas-liquid of the cooled non-condensable gas.
[0017]
Further, in order to achieve the above object, the spray condenser according to the present invention includes a turbine exhaust condensing means provided in the turbine exhaust condensing unit and a non-condensing unit on the bottom side of the inner body part. A cooling water chamber is provided for supplying cooling water to each of the non-condensable gas cooling means provided in the gas cooling section.
[0018]
Further, in order to achieve the above object, the spray condenser according to the present invention connects the turbine exhaust condensing means to a cooling water chamber provided on the bottom side of the inner body portion as described in claim 3. A cooling water pipe and a cooling water supply pipe for connecting to the cooling water pipe, extending along the axial direction of the outer body part, and having a spray nozzle are provided.
[0019]
In order to achieve the above object, the spray condenser according to the present invention includes a main flow pipe extending radially from a cooling moisture pipe in a radial direction of the outer body portion, and a main flow pipe. It is comprised with the shunt pipe bent from the middle.
[0020]
In order to achieve the above object, the spray condenser according to the present invention is provided with a baffle for preventing a short path of non-condensable gas at the non-condensable gas inlet as described in claim 5. .
[0021]
Moreover, in order to achieve the said objective, the spray condenser which concerns on this invention forms a baffle with the flat plate as described in Claim 6.
[0022]
In order to achieve the above object, the spray condenser according to the present invention is provided with a protruding piece that forms a peripheral edge of a flat plate in a crown shape, as described in claim 7.
[0023]
In order to achieve the above object, the spray condenser according to the present invention is provided with a notch that forms the periphery of a flat plate in a spline shape.
[0024]
In order to achieve the above object, the spray condenser according to the present invention communicates a gas cooling means for non-condensable gas with a cooling water chamber provided at the bottom of the inner body portion. And it is comprised with the cooling water supply pipe for gas cooling provided along the axial direction of the said inner trunk | drum, and provided with the spray nozzle.
[0025]
In order to achieve the above object, the spray condenser according to the present invention is such that, as described in claim 10, a separator is selected from one of a flat plate having a hole and a mesh. .
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of a spray condenser according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings and the reference numerals attached to the drawings.
[0027]
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a spray condenser according to the present invention.
[0028]
In the spray condenser according to this embodiment, an inner body portion 16 concentrically disposed on a cylindrical outer body portion is formed in a double cylinder, a turbine exhaust condensing portion 17 is formed in the outer body portion 15, and an inner body portion 16 is formed. The non-condensable gas cooling unit 18 is formed respectively.
[0029]
The outer body 15 forming the turbine exhaust condensing unit 17 is provided with a steam turbine (not shown) at the top and a box-shaped hot well (condensate reservoir) 20 having a condensate outlet 19 at the bottom. On the other hand, it is connected to a cooling moisture pipe 21 provided on the hot well 20 side, extends along the trunk axis, and accommodates a plurality of cooling water supply pipes 23 each having a spray nozzle 22.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling moisture pipe 21 is configured by combining a main flow pipe 24 radially extending from the center O of the outer body portion 15 in the radial direction and a branch pipe 25 bent from the middle. On each end side of the main flow pipe 24 and the diversion pipe 25, a turbine exhaust condensing cooling water supply pipe 23 provided with a spray nozzle 22 is provided. Further, the cooling moisture pipe 21 and the turbine exhaust condensing cooling water supply pipe 23 are both supported via a reinforcing member 26 fixed to the outer body portion 15 as shown in FIG.
[0031]
On the other hand, the inner body 16 forming the non-condensable gas cooling unit 18 includes a non-condensable gas outlet 27 at the top and a cooling water chamber 29 communicating with the cooling water inlet 28 at the bottom. The inner body 16 forming the non-condensable gas cooling unit 18 extends from the bottom plate 30 defining the cooling water chamber 29 toward the top side of the non-condensed gas cooling unit 18, and includes a spray nozzle 31. A non-condensable gas inlet 33 that communicates with the cooling water supply pipe 32 for cooling and the turbine exhaust condenser 17 and guides the non-condensable gas to the non-condensable gas cooler 18, and a baffle 37 provided at the non-condensable gas inlet 33. And a separator 34 installed on the top side of the non-condensable gas cooling unit 18.
[0032]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the separator 34 is configured by a flat plate 36, arranged in a lattice shape on the flat plate 36, and has holes 35 having relatively small diameters. The separator 34 is not limited to the flat plate 36 having the holes 35, and may be a fine mesh.
[0033]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the baffle 37 once collects the turbine exhaust TEX that has become drainage, prevents the inflow to the non-condensable gas inlet 33, and prevents a short path of the non-condensable gas. The shape is a flat plate 38 as shown in FIG. In addition, the baffle 37 may be provided with a protruding piece 39 that forms the peripheral edge of the flat plate 37 in a crown shape as shown in FIG. 8, and a notch that is formed in a spline shape on the peripheral edge of the flat plate 37 as shown in FIG. 40 may be provided.
[0034]
Next, the operation will be described.
[0035]
As shown in FIG. 1, the turbine exhaust TEX supplied to the turbine exhaust condensing unit 17 of the outer body unit 15 is a cooling water in which a cooling water chamber 29, a main flow pipe 24 and a branch pipe 25 are combined from a cooling water inlet 28. The cooling water sprayed through the pipe 21, the turbine exhaust condensation cooling water supply pipe 23, and the spray nozzle 22 is directly contacted and condensed. At that time, the cooling water pipe 21 and the turbine exhaust condensing cooling water supply pipe 23 receive impact force as a reaction of the cooling water jet power, but are stable because they are supported by the reinforcing member 26 as shown in FIG. Maintained in a state.
[0036]
Turbine exhaust TEX condensed in direct contact with the cooling water in the turbine exhaust condensing unit 17 is collected in the hot well 20 as condensed water (condensate), and then returned to the ground through the condensate outlet 19. It is.
[0037]
Further, the turbine exhaust and the cooling water are in direct contact, and the non-condensable gas generated during the condensation of the turbine exhaust passes through the non-condensable gas inlet 33 of the inner body 16 arranged concentrically with the outer body 15. To the non-condensable gas cooling unit 18. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the non-condensable gas is drained and the turbine exhaust TEX flows to the non-condensable gas inlet 33 to generate a short path, but is prevented by the baffle 37. It is reliably guided to the non-condensable gas cooling unit 18.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 1, the non-condensable gas guided to the non-condensable gas cooling unit 18 is in direct contact with the cooling water ejected from the cooling water chamber 29 via the gas cooling cooling water supply pipe 32 and the spray nozzle 31. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, when passing through the hole 35 provided in the flat plate 36 of the separator 34, the drain which still collides with the flat plate 36 is naturally dropped and passes only the gas portion. In addition, the flow is made uniform by providing a rectifying effect, and is discharged from the gas outlet (not shown) to the atmosphere or other equipment.
[0039]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the inner body portion 16 that forms the non-condensable gas cooling portion 18 is concentrically disposed in the central portion of the cylindrical outer body portion 15 that forms the turbine exhaust condensing portion 17, and the inner Since the non-condensable gas gathered in the central portion of the body portion 16 has been treated well, the retention of the non-condensable gas can be prevented, and the heat exchange rate due to the direct contact between the turbine exhaust and the cooling water can be kept high. it can.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the spray condenser according to the present invention is formed in a double cylinder by concentrically arranging the inner body part forming the non-condensable gas cooling part on the outer body part forming the turbine exhaust condensing part. In the turbine exhaust condensing section, the cooling water is brought into direct contact with the turbine exhaust to condense the turbine exhaust to condensate, while guiding the non-condensable gas generated when the turbine exhaust is condensed to the non-condensable gas cooling section. Again, the non-condensable gas was brought into direct contact with the cooling water to cool the non-condensable gas, and the separator removed water contained in the non-condensed gas and rectified it to flow out to other equipment. It is possible to prevent the non-condensable gas that collects in the central portion of the body portion from staying, and to improve the flow of the non-condensable gas and maintain a high heat exchange rate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a spray condenser according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a separator used in a spray condenser according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view seen from the direction of arrows CC in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a baffle used for a spray condenser according to the present invention.
7 is a view showing a first embodiment of the baffle shown in FIG. 6. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a second embodiment of the baffle shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a view showing a third embodiment of the baffle shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional spray condenser.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Body 2 Turbine exhaust condensing part 3 Non-condensable gas cooling part 4a, 4b Partition 5 Hot well 6 Cooling water supply pipe 7 Spray nozzle 8 Cooling water spray part 9 Spray nozzle 10 Cooling water reservoir 11 Cooling water supply part 12 Exit 13 Gas outlet 15 Outer body part 16 Inner body part 17 Turbine exhaust condensing part 18 Non-condensable gas cooling part 19 Condensate outlet 20 Hot well 21 Cooling moisture pipe 22 Spray nozzle 23 Turbine exhaust condensing cooling water supply pipe 24 Main stream pipe 25 Diverging pipe 26 Reinforcing member 27 Non-condensable gas outlet 28 Cooling water inlet 29 Cooling water chamber 30 Bottom plate 31 Spray nozzle 32 Gas cooling cooling water supply pipe 33 Non-condensable gas inlet 34 Separator 35 Hole 36 Flat plate 37 Baffle 38 Flat plate 39 Projecting piece 40 Notch

Claims (10)

An outer body part that forms a turbine exhaust condensing part, an inner body part that is concentrically arranged inside the outer body part and that forms a non-condensable gas cooling part, and is provided in the turbine exhaust condensing part. Turbine exhaust condensing means for jetting cooling water and making direct contact therewith, and a non-condensable gas inlet provided in the inner body part for guiding the non-condensable gas generated in the turbine exhaust condensing part to the non-condensed gas cooling part And a non-condensable gas cooling unit provided in the non-condensable gas cooling unit, for injecting cooling water into the non-condensable gas and directly contacting the non-condensable gas, and a non-condensed gas cooling unit provided in the non-condensable gas cooling unit. A spray condenser comprising a separator that separates and rectifies a gas-liquid gas. Provided on the bottom side of the inner body part is a cooling water chamber for supplying cooling water to each of the turbine exhaust condensing means provided in the turbine exhaust condensing part and the non-condensable gas cooling means provided in the non-condensable gas cooling part. The spray condenser according to claim 1. The turbine exhaust condensing means is connected to a cooling water chamber connected to a cooling water chamber provided on the bottom side of the inner body part, and connected to the cooling water pipe, extending along the axial direction of the outer body part, and provided with a spray nozzle. The spray condenser according to claim 1, wherein the spray condenser is configured with a turbine exhaust condensation cooling water supply pipe. 4. The spray condenser according to claim 3, wherein the cooling moisture pipe is constituted by a main flow pipe extending radially in the radial direction of the outer body portion and a shunt pipe bent from the middle of the main flow pipe. 2. The spray condenser according to claim 1, wherein a baffle for preventing a short path of the non-condensable gas is provided at the non-condensable gas inlet. 6. The spray condenser according to claim 5, wherein the baffle is formed of a flat plate. The spray condenser according to claim 6, further comprising a protruding piece that forms a peripheral edge of the flat plate in a crown shape. The spray condenser according to claim 6, further comprising a notch that forms a peripheral edge of the flat plate in a spline shape. Gas cooling means for non-condensable gas communicates with a cooling water chamber provided at the bottom of the inner body part, extends along the axial direction of the inner body part, and is provided with a gas cooling cooling water supply pipe provided with a spray nozzle. The spray condenser according to claim 1, which is configured. 2. The spray capacitor according to claim 1, wherein one of a flat plate having a hole and a mesh is selected as the separator.

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