JP3838579B2 - Water purification device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a suitable water purification KaSo location using the advanced treatment of water purification, such as household waste water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A water purification method using a wetland for water purification is already known.
Conventionally, water purification methods using such wetlands can be broadly divided into the following two types as seen from the way of drainage.
(1) Surface flow method: A method that collects treated water at the end of the wetland by allowing the wastewater to be treated to flow down to the surface of the wetland assuming a purification function.
(2) Osmotic flow method: A method that collects treated water from the lower soil or drainage layer by letting the treated wastewater flow down from the surface of the wetland assuming a purification function.
In any of these methods, it is said that water purification is performed by a complicated mechanism in which soil physics, chemical action, microorganisms in soil, absorption by plants, and the like are combined.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
From the viewpoint of the water purification function, it is considered that the osmotic flow method with high contact frequency with soil and plant rhizosphere has higher purification efficiency.
In the osmotic flow method, the surface is required to be submerged in order to avoid the short-circuit flow and allow the drainage to flow down to the wetland uniformly.
Under flooded conditions, oxygen supply is limited to diffusion from the surface of the water and transport from plant stems and roots, and when the load in the drainage is large, the oxygen consumption used for decomposition increases and the soil becomes anaerobic. To do.
However, from the viewpoint of denitrification, anaerobic conditions are desirable, but problems such as organic decay and low-quality soil elution occur.
The present invention was devised in view of the above circumstances, the structurally anaerobic conditions and aerobic conditions by repeating in a non-powered, to provide a water purification KaSo location was to enhance the water purification efficiency is there.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the water purification apparatus of the present invention includes a treatment tank having an open top, a soil layer in which microorganisms can be propagated and plants are planted, and the treatment tank. One end of the drainage supply unit that supplies drainage and the bottom of the soil layer communicate with each other, the middle part is located near the upper end of the side wall of the treatment tank and lower than the upper end of the side wall, and the other end of the soil layer A siphon-like passage is provided that is approximately the same height as the bottom or lower than the bottom, and the passage is configured to have an amount of water flowing through the passage in a state where the water level in the treatment tank is higher than the middle portion of the pipe. Is set so as to be larger than the amount of water supplied to the treatment tank from the waste water supply unit, and a partition wall is provided on the side part inside the treatment tank from the bottom of the treatment tank at a distance from the side wall of the treatment tank. This partition wall and side wall The drainage supply section supplies the wastewater to the treatment tank when the drainage in the rectification section overflows beyond the partition wall or flows out from the flow hole above the partition wall. It is characterized by being performed .
[0005]
In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the drainage supply section and one end of the passage are arranged at opposite side portions in the treatment tank .
[0006]
Further , according to the present invention, a permeable layer is provided between the bottom of the soil layer and the bottom of the treatment tank so as to support the soil and allow water to pass therethrough, and one end of the passage is connected to the permeable layer. It is characterized by being.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that an intermediate portion of the passage is positioned higher than the upper surface of the soil layer.
[0007]
Further , the present invention provides a plurality of the water purification devices, wherein the other end of the siphon-shaped passage located on the upstream side of the drainage flow is a drainage supply part of the water purification device located on the downstream side of the drainage flow. A plurality of water purification apparatuses are connected in series so as to constitute a part.
[0008]
According to the present invention, the rise and fall of the water level in the soil layer is repeated without power.
In a situation where the water level is low, the soil layer in which the plant is planted becomes an aerobic atmosphere, and an oxidation reaction of organic matter and nitrogen is promoted. In a situation where the water level is high, an anaerobic atmosphere is created and denitrification is promoted.
These improve the water purification efficiency.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following describes water purification KaSo location according to the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional front view of a water purification device.
The water purification device 2 includes a treatment tank 4, a soil layer 8 in which plants 6 are planted, a water permeable layer 10, a drainage supply unit 12, a siphon-shaped passage 14, and the like.
The processing tank 4 is formed, for example, in a rectangular shape in plan view in which an upper portion is opened from a rectangular bottom wall 402 and four side walls 404.
Further, a partition wall 406 is erected from the bottom wall 402 in parallel with the side wall 404 at a location near one side wall 404, and the partition wall 406 allows the inside of the processing tank 4 to be connected to the main body portion 410 outside the partition wall 406, The upper end 406 </ b> A of the partition wall 406 is formed lower than the upper end 404 </ b> A of the side wall 404.
The rectifying unit 420 is constantly supplied with drainage from the drainage channel 16, whereby the water level in the rectifying unit 420 rises, and the drainage flows into the main body 410 beyond the upper end 406 </ b> A of the partition wall 406. Alternatively, a plurality of flow holes are formed in the upper part of the partition wall 406, and the waste water flows into the main body 410 from these flow holes.
[0010]
The water permeable layer 10 is provided on the bottom wall 402 of the main body 410 of the treatment tank 4.
The water permeable layer 10 is a material that supports the soil layer 8 and allows water to pass therethrough, that is, a material that allows only water to pass therethrough, and is formed at a predetermined height (thickness in the vertical direction). Waste water material, mesh material, gravel, pebbles, crushed stone, etc., and “Hetimaron” manufactured by Shinko Nylon Co., Ltd. can be used as a commercial product.
The water permeable layer 10 is advantageous in reliably moving the water in the soil layer 8 to the bottom when discharging the waste water in the treatment tank 4.
[0011]
The soil layer 8 is provided on the water permeable layer 10, and the height (thickness in the vertical direction) of the soil layer 8 is set to about 0.5 to 1.0 m, for example, (Surface) 8 </ b> A is formed lower than the upper end 406 </ b> A of the partition wall 406.
Plants 6 such as flowers are planted in the soil layer 8.
The soil layer 8 is made of soil that allows microorganisms to propagate, and for example, pearlite is mixed based on black soil or the like so as to facilitate air circulation, and the porosity is secured.
[0012]
The siphon-shaped passage 14 is formed such that one end opening 1402 faces the lower part of the water permeable layer 10 and the other end opening 1404 is located outside the treatment tank 4.
The siphon-shaped passage 14 is formed such that the one end opening 1402 and the other end opening 1404 are low and the intermediate portion 1406 in the extending direction is high, and in detail, the one end opening 1402 is the bottom wall of the processing tank 4. The intermediate portion 1406 in the extending direction is substantially the same height as the upper surface of the partition wall 402 and slightly lower than the upper end 406A of the partition wall 406, and the other end opening 1404 is substantially the same as the upper surface of the bottom wall 402 of the processing tank 4. It is formed at a height.
Further, the cross-sectional shape and the water level difference of the siphon-shaped passage 14 are such that the amount of water flowing in the passage 14 in a state where the water level in the treatment tank 4 is higher than the intermediate portion 1406 of the passage 14 is the upper end of the partition wall 406. It is set to be larger than the amount of water flowing into the main body 410 beyond 406A, that is, the amount of water supplied from the drainage channel 16 to the drainage supply unit 12.
Note that the processing tank 4 having the above-described configuration can be manufactured using, for example, concrete or synthetic resin, and the siphon-shaped passage 14 is manufactured integrally with the side wall 404 of the processing tank 4 when the processing tank 4 is manufactured. Alternatively, it may be arbitrarily manufactured by using a tubular body.
Moreover, the capacity | capacitance of the processing tank 4 is set so that the average residence time in the soil layer 8 of a waste_water | drain will be about several days.
[0013]
Next, the operation will be described.
In the water purification device 2, drainage is constantly supplied from the drainage channel 16 to the rectifying unit 420, and the drainage flows into the main body 410 beyond the upper end 406 </ b> A of the partition wall 406.
Then, the wastewater accumulates on the bottom wall 402 through the soil layer 8, and the water level of the wastewater in the main body 410 gradually rises in the soil layer 8.
Eventually, when the water level becomes higher than the intermediate portion 1406 of the passage 14, the waste water in the treatment tank 4 is discharged from the passage 14 to the outside of the treatment tank 4, and this time the water level in the treatment tank 4 gradually increases. To descend.
Then, when the water level in the processing tank 4 becomes lower than the other end opening 1404 of the passage 14 or when the air enters the other end opening 1404, the drainage of the drainage through the passage 14 is stopped.
When the drainage of the drainage through the passage 14 is stopped, the water level of the drainage in the main body 410 gradually rises. Similarly to the above, the drainage of the drainage through the passage 14, the lowering of the water level of the drainage in the main body 410, and the passage The stop of the discharge of the waste water by 14 and the rise of the water level of the waste water in the main body 410 are repeatedly performed without power.
[0014]
According to this embodiment, it is a matter of course that the trapping of dust and the adsorption of impure components such as hydrocarbon gas such as methane are performed by the physical action as a soil filter. Material decomposition takes place.
In a situation where the water level in the treatment tank 4 is low, air flows through the soil layer 8 in which the plant 6 is planted to create an aerobic atmosphere, and aerobic microorganisms propagate. Oxidation reaction of organic matter and nitrogen is promoted by being consumed or used for breathing.
Moreover, in the situation where the water level in the treatment tank 4 is high, the soil layer 8 in which the plant 6 is planted becomes an anaerobic atmosphere, and anaerobic microorganisms are propagated and consumed by the cells of the anaerobic microorganisms or the plant 6. Denitrification is promoted by using it for respiration.
And the atmosphere field where said aerobic and anaerobic are different is made repeatedly without power, changing temporally, and the water purification efficiency of the soil layer 8 in which the plant 6 was planted is raised significantly.
[0015]
In the embodiment, since the water permeable layer 10 is provided below the soil layer 8, the water in the soil layer 8 can be reliably discharged when the drainage is discharged, which is advantageous in creating an aerobic atmosphere.
In the present embodiment, since the intermediate portion 1406 of the passage 14 is formed higher than the upper surface 8A of the soil layer 8, the upper surface 8A of the soil layer 8 is flooded at the time of high water level, and the drainage supply portion 12 and the passage. The short circuit flow is prevented and the water purification efficiency is remarkably enhanced, coupled with the fact that the one end of 14 is disposed at the opposite position of the treatment tank 4.
Moreover, since the supply of the wastewater to the soil layer 8 is performed calmly from the rectifying unit 420, the water purification efficiency is significantly improved.
Furthermore, it is also possible to control to increase the pollutant removal efficiency by appropriately changing the inflow water amount, the discharge water amount, the water level difference of the siphon-like passage 14 and the like.
[0016]
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional front view of a water purification device 200 according to the second embodiment.
The water purification apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment is configured by connecting two water purification apparatuses 2 according to the first embodiment in series by sharing a part of the side walls 404.
That is, the other end of the siphon-like passage 14 of the water purification device 2 disposed on the upstream side of the wastewater flow is disposed on the upper side of the rectifying unit 420 of the water purification device 2 disposed on the downstream side, The upper end 406A of the partition wall 406 of the rectifying unit 420 is set lower than the upper surface of the bottom wall 402 of the upstream processing tank 4, and is purified by the two water purification apparatuses 2.
In this way, by connecting a plurality of water purification apparatuses 2 in series and increasing the number of water purification apparatuses 2 that perform purification, it is advantageous in performing more advanced processing.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
According to the water quality purification KaSo location according to the present invention As is clear from the above description, any without using power, be performed repeatedly switching between anaerobic atmosphere and aerobic atmosphere soil plants were planted In addition, water purification by soil, microorganisms, and plants can be performed efficiently, and the water purification efficiency can be significantly increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of a water purification device.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional front view of a water purification device according to a second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Water purification device 4 Treatment tank 402 Bottom wall 404 Side wall 406 Partition wall 410 Main body 420 Rectification unit 6 Plant 8 Soil layer 10 Water permeable layer 12 Drainage supply unit 14 Siphonic passage

Claims (5)

A treatment tank with an open top;
A soil layer housed in the treatment tank and capable of breeding microorganisms and planted;
A waste water supply unit for supplying waste water to the treatment tank;
One end communicates with the bottom of the soil layer, and the middle portion is located near the upper end of the side wall of the treatment tank and lower than the upper end of the side wall, and the other end is approximately the same height as the bottom of the soil layer or from the bottom. Provide a siphon-like passage located in the lower position,
The passage is configured such that the amount of water flowing in the passage in a state where the water level in the treatment tank is higher than the intermediate portion of the pipe is larger than the amount of water supplied from the drainage supply unit to the treatment tank. Set ,
On the side of the inside of the processing tank, a partition wall is erected from the bottom of the processing tank with a gap from the side wall of the processing tank, and a rectifying section partitioned from the inside of the processing tank by the partition wall and the side wall is provided,
The supply of wastewater to the treatment tank by the wastewater supply unit is performed by overflowing the wastewater in the rectifying unit overflowing the partition wall or by flowing out from the flow hole in the upper part of the partition wall.
A water purification apparatus characterized by that. One end of the drain supply and passage, water purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein disposed on the side portions of face each other in the processing bath. Between the bottom of the treatment tank and the bottom of the soil layer, allows transmission of water and the water-permeable layer is provided to support the soil, one end of said passageway claim is connected to the water-permeable layer 1 The water purification apparatus as described. Middle part water purification device according to claim 1, wherein at an upper level than the upper surface of the soil layer of the passageway. A plurality of the water purification devices are provided, and the other end of the siphon-shaped passage located on the upstream side of the waste water flow constitutes a part of the waste water supply unit of the water purification device located on the downstream side of the waste water flow water purification device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of water purification devices are serially connected to.

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