JP3834214B2 - Processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a processing apparatus, and more particularly to a processing apparatus provided with a lifting table to which a roll head to which a forming roll for forming a workpiece is attached is attached so as to be freely advanced and retracted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art A spinning processing apparatus is known that is formed by pressing a forming roll onto an outer peripheral surface of a workpiece that is sandwiched between a tailstock shaft and a main shaft and rotates about an axis of the main shaft. In this known spinning processing apparatus, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, a lifting platform 20 that supports a plurality of forming rolls 60, 70, 80 so as to be able to advance and retract is provided. For example, the lifting platform 20 has a substantially triangular plane, and roll heads 61, 71, 81 are provided in the vicinity of each vertex position of the substantially triangular shape. Forming rolls 60, 70, and 80 are rotatably attached to the roll heads 61, 71, and 81, respectively.
Here, the x direction in FIG. 6 is the back-to-front direction of the spinning processing apparatus, the y direction is the left-right direction of the spinning processing apparatus, and the z direction indicates the up-down direction of the spinning processing apparatus.
[0003]
Hereinafter, a conventional spinning apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS.
A configuration for attaching the roll heads 61, 71, 81 so as to be able to advance and retreat in the horizontal direction on the lifting platform 20 will be described with reference to the roll head 81 shown in FIG. . Bearing blocks 190 and 191 are provided on the roll head 81. A guide rail 182 is provided on the lifting platform 20. The bearing blocks 190 and 191 and the guide rail 182 constitute a guide mechanism (advance / retreat guide mechanism).
8A is a cross-sectional view seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 6 when the rotation center of the forming roll 80 is at the original position P0 (standby position) before processing. The positional relationship between the forming rolls 80 and the positional relationship between the bearing blocks 190 and 191 and the guide rail 182 are shown. Similarly, FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view when the rotation center of the forming roll 80 is at the processing position P1 where the workpiece 1 is processed. At the processing position P1 shown in FIG. 8B, the bearing blocks 190 and 191 have moved to the limit position of the guide rail 182 in the x direction. That is, the processing position P1 shown in FIG. 8B is the limit position of the movement of the forming roll 80 in the x direction.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the forming rolls 60, 70, 80 may be exchanged, for example, in order to maintain the processing accuracy or to change the processing method. When exchanging, the forming rolls 60, 70, 80 are moved to a predetermined position in the advancing / retreating direction, which is easily exchanged, and are exchanged manually.
In the conventional spinning processing apparatus, as described above, the forming roll 80 disposed on the back side of the machine, which is the upper side of the paper in FIG. It cannot be moved to the front side (x direction) from the position P1 (the position shown in FIGS. 6 and 8B) . The forming roll usually has a weight of several tens of kg. Furthermore, the operator generally replaces the forming roll on the front side of the spinning processing apparatus. For this reason, when exchanging the forming roll 80 on the back side when viewed from the front of the processing apparatus, the forming roll 80 cannot be moved close to the operator's hand, and the replacement work is difficult.
In the conventional configuration in which the bearing blocks 190 and 191 are attached to the roll head 81 and the guide rail 182 is attached to the lifting / lowering base 20, the forming roll 80 is further on the front side (x direction) than the processing position P1 shown in FIG. 8B. 9), the positions of the bearing blocks 190 and 191 need to be provided closer to the back side (x direction) of the spinning device as shown in FIG. Thereby, the forming roll 80 can be moved further to the front side (x direction) than the processing position P1 shown in FIG. 8B (the forming roll replacement position Pe shown in FIG. 9C). However, when configured in this manner, the overhang amount “d2” of the support point (rotation center) of the forming roll 80 with respect to the two points (positions of the bearing blocks 190 and 191) where the lifting platform 20 supports the roll head 81 increases. Therefore, the support rigidity of the roll head 81 is lowered. In particular, when the support rigidity of the roll head during processing is reduced, the processing accuracy is affected.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a processing apparatus in which a forming roll can be easily replaced and the roll head has high support rigidity during processing.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described object, the invention described in the present embodiment includes a base, a work support device that rotatably supports the work on the base, and a forming roll for forming the work. In a processing apparatus, comprising: a roll head that rotatably supports a head; and a forward / backward guide mechanism that guides the roll head so that the roll head can be advanced and retracted in a direction transverse to the rotation axis of the workpiece. Is capable of guiding the roll head so as to be able to move forward and backward so that the forming roll can move from an original position away from the workpiece to an exchange position passing through a machining position contacting the workpiece. The distance between the rotation center of the forming roll when the head is at the processing position and the guide support point of the roll head is determined when the roll head is at the replacement position. It is processing apparatus according to claim that is configured to be shorter than the distance between the rotation center of Lumpur the guide support point of the roll head.
Here, the “base” refers to a member that is provided and fixed to the base of the processing apparatus.
According to the processing apparatus described in the present embodiment, it is easy to replace the forming roll, and the support rigidity of the roll head during processing is high.
[0006]
The invention described in the present embodiment is the above processing apparatus, wherein the advance / retreat guide mechanism includes a guide rail and a bearing block capable of traveling on the guide rail, and the bearing block is used as the base. On the other hand, the processing apparatus is provided so as to be fixed in the horizontal direction, and the guide rail is fixed to the roll head.
According to the processing apparatus described in the present embodiment, since a known linear guide mechanism can be used, the structure of the advance / retreat guide mechanism is simple.
[0007]
The invention described in the present embodiment is the above processing apparatus, wherein the moving table is guided to the base body so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the rotation axis of the workpiece, and the roll head is moved to the moving table. The processing apparatus is characterized in that it guides through the guide mechanism so as to be movable in a direction crossing the rotation axis of the workpiece.
According to the processing apparatus described in the present embodiment, it is easy to replace the forming roll, and the support rigidity of the roll head during processing is high.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 1 is a plan view of a substrate, and a workpiece support device that rotatably supports the workpiece around an axis provided on the substrate and extending in the vertical direction. A lifting platform guided to be movable up and down by the base body with one side formed in a triangle facing the front of the machine, a lifting feed mechanism that lifts and lowers the lifting platform, and each forms a workpiece. Three roll heads that rotatably support the forming roll and that can be moved back and forth in the horizontal direction on a line connecting the top and the center of gravity of the lift base on the lift base, and the three roll heads individually It is a processing apparatus provided with each advance / retreat guide mechanism to advance / retreat .
The center of gravity of the lifting platform is configured to be on the axis of rotation of the workpiece, and a front roll head that is advanced and retracted toward the front of the machine among the three roll heads is placed on the lifting platform. The advancing / retreating guide mechanism that guides the roll head so that the roll head can be advanced and retracted from the original position where the forming roll of the front roll head is moved away from the workpiece to an exchange position that passes the machining position where it abuts the workpiece. It is.
The advance / retreat guide mechanism includes a guide rail and a bearing block capable of traveling on the guide rail, and the lifting platform is provided with a hole for passing the workpiece and the workpiece support device. The bearing block is fixed at a predetermined position near the processing position on the outer peripheral side of the hole, and the guide rail is set to a length that allows the front roll head to move from the original position to the replacement position. Then, by fixing the front roll head to the front roll head, the distance between the rotation center of the forming roll of the front roll head and the guide support point by the bearing block when the front roll head is at the processing position is determined as the front roll. guide supporting by a rotation center and the bearing block of the molding roll of the front roll head when the head is in the exchange position A processing apparatus characterized by configured to be shorter than the distance between the points.
According to the processing apparatus of the first aspect , the replacement work of the forming roll can be easily performed on the front side of the processing apparatus, and the support rigidity of the roll head at the time of processing is high.
[0009]
Further, the invention described in the present embodiment is the above-described processing apparatus, wherein the advance / retreat guide mechanism that guides the one roll head on the lifting platform is capable of traveling on a guide rail and the guide rail. A processing apparatus comprising a bearing block, wherein the bearing block is fixedly provided on the lifting platform, and the guide rail is fixedly provided on the one roll head.
According to the processing apparatus described in the present embodiment, since a known linear guide mechanism can be used, the structure of the advance / retreat guide mechanism is simple.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, one of the three forming rolls 60, 70, 80 is covered while rotating the workpiece 1, which is a disk-shaped preform shown in FIG. 5, about the axis of the main shaft 2. A spinning processing apparatus that presses and processes the workpiece 1 will be described. FIG. 1 shows a front view of a spinning processing apparatus for processing a workpiece 1. 2 shows the case where the roll head 81 to which the forming roll 80 is rotatably attached is in the original position before processing, and FIG. 3 shows the case where the roll head 81 is in the processing position where the workpiece 1 is processed. These are explanatory drawings in the case where the roll head 81 is at an exchange position where the forming roll 80 is exchanged. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of a processing method of the workpiece 1. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the spinning processing apparatus viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. In FIG. 6, the lower side is the front side of the spinning processing apparatus (the side on which the operator performs the operation work, and the front side of the machine). 7A shows the positional relationship between the lifting platform 20, the roll head 81, and the forming roll 80 when the roll head 81 is at the original position P0, and the guide mechanism (advance / retreat guide mechanism) composed of the bearing blocks 90 and 91 and the guide rail 82. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows this state. Similarly, FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view when the roll head 81 is at the processing position P1, and FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional view when the roll head 81 is at the replacement position Pe.
In the present embodiment, the replacement position Pe substantially coincides with the position O on the rotation axis of the main shaft 2, but may be set closer to the front of the machine than the position O.
[0011]
Here, the x direction in FIG. 1 is the back-to-front direction of the spinning processing apparatus, the y direction is the left-right direction of the spinning processing apparatus, and the z direction indicates the up-down direction of the spinning processing apparatus.
The spinning processing apparatus includes a lift base 20 to which roll heads 61, 71 and 81 to which forming rolls 60, 70 and 80 are rotatably attached are attached, and a lift base 20 which slides in the z direction in FIG. Columns 132 and 133 as support members that are movably supported, a base 10 that fixes the columns 132 and 133 in an upright state, and an upper body 40 that is connected and fixed to the upper ends of the columns 132 and 133. ing.
A main shaft 2 is rotatably provided on the base 10, and a main shaft driving device 4 that rotates the main shaft 2 is provided below the base 10. The spindle driving device 4 includes, for example, a spindle motor 4a, a belt 4b that transmits rotation of the spindle motor, and a spindle head 3. Further, columns 132 and 133 are fixed to the base 10 in an upright state on the base 10.
An upper body 40 is attached to the upper ends of the columns 132 and 133. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a guide rail of a linear guide mechanism 32 for attaching the lifting platform 20 so as to be slidable in the z direction, for example, a pair of guide rails 32a and 32b, is attached to the column 132. Yes. The column 133 is provided with a guide rail of a linear guide mechanism 33, for example, a pair of guide rails 33a and 33b, for attaching the lifting platform 20 so as to be slidable in the z direction.
[0012]
The lifting platform 20 is, for example, a substantially equilateral triangle, and passes the workpiece 1 held between the tailstock shaft 5 and the main shaft 2 through the center of gravity O where the bisector of each side and the diagonal extension line intersect. This is a moving table provided with a hole 27. In the vicinity of each vertex position of the substantially triangular plane of the lifting platform 20, the lifting head 61, 71, 81 is in the horizontal direction crossing the axis line connecting the tailstock shaft 5 and the main shaft 2 (that is, the approximate center of gravity O of the triangle). It is attached to 20 so that it can move forward and backward. This configuration and operation will be described later with reference to FIG.
In addition, driving devices 64, 74, and 84 for each roll head are attached to the lifting platform 20. The drive devices 64, 74, and 84 are, for example, hybrid actuator units. Each unit is constituted by a motor Mt, a coupling Cp, a pump Pm, a reservoir Rs, and a hydraulic cylinder Hc as a representative of the drive device 84 shown in FIG. Further, bearing blocks 22 a and 22 b that are guided up and down by guide rails 32 a and 32 b attached to the column 132 are attached to the side of the lifting platform 20 that faces the column 132.
In this manner, the linear guide mechanism 32 is configured by the guide rails 32 a and 32 b provided on the column 132 and the bearing blocks 22 a and 22 b provided on the lifting platform 20. Similarly, the linear guide mechanism 33 is configured by the guide rails 33 a and 33 b provided on the column 133 and the bearing blocks 23 a and 23 b provided on the lifting platform 20.
[0013]
The upper body 40 is provided with elevator platform driving devices 25 and 26 and a tailstock driving device 6. Each of the elevator drive devices 25 and 26 is, for example, a hybrid actuator unit, and includes a motor, a coupling, a pump, a reservoir, and elevator platform feed cylinders 25a and 26a. Pressure oil from the pump is supplied to the lift platform feed cylinders 25a and 26a, and one end of the lift platform feed cylinders 25a and 26a is attached to the upper body 40 and the other end is attached to the lift platform 20 so that the lift platform 20 Slide and move up and down between the body 40 and the base 10. The tailstock driving device 6 is a hybrid actuator unit, for example, and includes a motor, a coupling, a pump, a reservoir, and a tailstock feed cylinder 6a. The pressure oil from the pump is supplied to the tailstock shaft feed cylinder 6a, one end of the tailstock shaft feed cylinder 6a is attached to the upper body 40, and the tailstock shaft 5 is provided at the other end, so that the work 1 is supported by the tailstock. It can be held between the shaft 5 and the main shaft 2 with an arbitrary pressure. Here, since the tailstock 5 is rotatably supported by the tailstock feed cylinder 6a through, for example, a thrust bearing mechanism 5a, the spindle 2 is sandwiched between the spindle 2 and the spindle 2 by rotation. It is configured to be rotatable together with the workpiece 1.
[0014]
Next, operation | movement of a spinning processing apparatus is demonstrated based on FIGS.
When processing the workpiece 1 sandwiched between the main shaft 2 and the tailstock 5, a driving device 64 for a preset roll head (which may be plural or singular) among the three roll heads 61, 71 and 81. , 74, 84 are moved to the workpiece processing position shown in FIG. 3 from the original position shown in FIG.
Then, the forming rolls 60, 70, and 80 are pressed against the workpiece 1 while rotating the workpiece 1 in a rotating direction (a direction opposite to each other) with the rotation of the workpiece 1.
5A to 5D are detailed views showing a processing example of the workpiece 1. FIG. 5 shows a process of molding a cup-shaped member in which a groove is formed in an inner hole from a disk-shaped member having a hole in the center.
Here, FIG. 5A shows a state before processing. A spindle 2a having a groove 2b is attached to the main shaft 2.
FIG. 5B shows a state in which the workpiece 1 which is a disk-shaped member having a hole in the center is set, and the workpiece 1 is sandwiched between a mandrel 5 a and a mandrel 2 a attached to the main shaft 2. .
FIG. 5C shows a state in which rough forming is started using a roll for rough forming (for example, roll 70). The rough forming roll 70 is rotated at the same speed or a slightly different speed in the rotational direction of the main shaft 2 and in a rotational direction, and is pressed against the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 1 in the main shaft direction (see FIG. 5C (downward) at a predetermined moving speed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5C, the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 1 is bent in the principal axis direction, and the workpiece 1 is roughly molded into a cup shape.
FIG. 5D shows a state where finishing is performed using a precision forming roll (for example, roll 60). The precision forming roll 60 is rotated at the same speed or a slightly different speed in the rotation direction of the main shaft 2 and the rotation direction thereof, and is pressed against the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 1 in the main shaft direction (see FIG. 5D downward) at a predetermined moving speed. Thereby, as shown to FIG. 5D, it shape-forms to the cup-shaped member by which the groove | channel was formed in the inner hole of the to-be-processed object 1. FIG.
The workpiece 1 can be processed into an arbitrary shape by controlling the type of the forming roll, the position and force of pressing the workpiece 1 with the forming roll, the moving speed of the forming roll in the main axis direction, and the like. . At this time, a groove having a shape corresponding to the groove 2b formed in the mandrel 2a is formed in the inner hole of the cup-shaped member.
[0015]
By the way, for example, in order to maintain the processing accuracy or change the processing method, the forming rolls 60, 70, and 80 may be replaced. When exchanging the forming rolls, the forming rolls 60, 70, 80 are moved to a position in a predetermined advancing / retreating direction where the exchanging is easy, and the exchanging is performed manually.
Here, a case will be described in which the forming roll 80 is replaced from the position where the worker performs the replacement work on the back side (for example, the back side as viewed from the front of the spinning processing apparatus).
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a guide rail 82 is fixedly provided at a portion of the roll head 81 that faces the lifting platform 20. Further, at a position corresponding to the guide rail 82 provided on the roll head 81 at a portion facing the roll head 81 of the lifting platform 20, two pieces are provided at predetermined positions on the mounting position side (x direction) of the forming roll 80. Bearing blocks 90 and 91 are fixedly provided. The guide rail 82 provided on the roll head 81 and the bearing blocks 90 and 91 provided for the roll head 81 at predetermined positions on the lifting platform 20 constitute a guide mechanism (advance / retreat guide mechanism).
The guide rail 82 provided on the roll head 81 is fitted to the bearing blocks 90 and 91, passes from the original position P0 shown in FIG. 7A to the machining position P1 shown in FIG. 7B, and to the exchange position Pe shown in FIG. 7C. It is configured to be able to advance and retreat.
A similar guide mechanism is configured for the roll heads 61 and 71. However, since the roll heads 61 and 71 are disposed on the front side of the machine and the forming rolls 60 and 70 are relatively easily exchanged, the same configuration as that of the conventional technique may be used. That is, a bearing block may be attached to the roll heads 61 and 71 and a guide rail may be attached to a predetermined position of the lifting platform 20.
In addition, when the position where the operator performs the replacement work is not the front of the spinning processing apparatus (machine front), the roll head on the back side as viewed from the side where the operator performs the replacement work is as in this embodiment. It is good to be configured.
[0016]
FIG. 7A shows the positional relationship among the lifting platform 20, the roll head 81, and the forming roll 80 when the roll head 81 is at the original position P0 before processing. Similarly, FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view in the case where the forming roll 80 exists at the processing position P1 where the workpiece 1 is processed. (The processing position P1 varies depending on, for example, the shape of the workpiece 1, the processing method, etc.) With the roll head 81 and the forming roll 80 configured in this way, the processing position P1 is further x than the processing position P1 shown in FIG. 7B. The forming roll 80 can be moved to a predetermined replacement position Pe that has advanced in the direction (machine front side).
Moreover, in this Embodiment, when the roll head 81 exists in the process position P1 (at the time of the process of the to-be-processed object 1), two points (positions of the bearing blocks 90 and 91) where the lifting platform 20 supports the roll head 81 are provided. The overhang amount at the rotation center of the forming roll 80 is “d1”. In this case, (“d1” at the machining position) <(“d1” at the exchange position).
In the conventional configuration as shown in FIG. 8, the forming roll 80 cannot be moved to the replacement position Pe.
Further, in the configuration as shown in FIG. 9 which is also a conventional apparatus, the forming roll 80 can be moved to the replacement position Pe, but the rotation of the forming roll 80 with respect to the support points of the bearing blocks 190 and 191 at the time of processing. The center overhang amount is “d2”. In this case, since the bearing blocks 190 and 191 are provided on the roll head 81, (“d2” at the machining position) = (“d2” at the replacement position).
Since the bearing blocks 90 and 91 are attached to predetermined positions near the processing position P1 of the lifting platform 20 as in the present embodiment, “d1” can be made smaller than “d2” of the conventional apparatus. The point at which the lifting platform 20 supports the roll head 81 during processing and the center point of the forming roll 80 are close to each other, and the support rigidity of the roll head 81 is high. That is, at the time of processing, the forming roll 80 is stable and processing accuracy is improved.
[0017]
The configuration and operation of the present invention are not limited to the present embodiment.
The present invention can also be applied to various processing apparatuses other than the spinning processing apparatus.
Moreover, the number of roll heads that support the forming roll and the forming roll may be any number.
In the embodiment, the roll head is provided on a lifting platform that slides in the vertical direction. However, the roll head advances and retreats on a base (columns 132, 133, etc. may be included) fixed to the base 10. It may be provided so that it can be fed.
As described in the present embodiment, the present invention is applied only when the position where the forming roll is exchanged is far from the operator, such as the forming roll 80, the roll head 81, and the lifting platform 20, for example. Well, everything may be configured in this way.
The processing method is not limited to the method described in the embodiment.
If the forming roll can be moved along the axis of the main shaft (workpiece axis) in a state where the forming roll is pressed against the processed portion of the workpiece, the lifting platform 20 and the like may be omitted.
Various mechanisms can be used for the advance / retreat guide mechanism and the slide movement mechanism that moves along the axis of the main shaft.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the processing apparatus described in each claim, the replacement work of the forming roll is easy, the support rigidity of the roll head at the time of processing is high, and the processing accuracy can be maintained high. In addition, the roll head guide mechanism has the same number of parts as the conventional apparatus, so that the manufacturing cost does not increase.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram when the forming roll 80 is in its original position.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram when a forming roll 80 is present at a processing position.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram when the forming roll 80 is in an exchange position.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a processing example of the workpiece 1;
6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the spinning device shown broken along the line AA in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the original position of the roll head, the machining position, and the replacement position in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an original position of a roll head, a machining position, and an exchange position in the prior art.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the original position of the roll head, the processing position, and the replacement position when the bearing block is arranged so that the forming roll reaches the replacement position in the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Workpiece 2 Main shaft 5 Tailstock 10 Base 20 Lifting table 40 Upper body 60, 70, 80 Forming roll 61, 71, 81 Roll head 82 Guide rail 90, 91 Bearing block

Claims (1)

A substrate;
A workpiece support device which is provided on the substrate and rotatably supports the workpiece around an axis extending in the vertical direction;
A lifting platform that is formed in a substantially triangular shape when viewed in a plane and that is guided so as to be vertically movable up and down by the base body with one side facing the front of the machine,
An elevation feed mechanism for raising and lowering the elevator platform;
Three roll heads each rotatably supporting a forming roll for forming a workpiece and provided so as to be able to advance and retreat in a horizontal direction on a line connecting each vertex and the center of gravity of the elevator base on the elevator base;
In a processing apparatus provided with respective advance / retreat guide mechanisms for individually advancing and retracting these three roll heads,
The center of gravity of the lifting platform is configured to be on the rotation axis of the workpiece,
The forward / backward guide mechanism that guides the front roll head , which is advanced / retracted toward the front of the machine among the three roll heads, onto the lifting platform, is an original in which the forming roll of the front roll head is moved away from the workpiece. The roll head can be guided so as to be able to advance and retreat from a position to an exchange position that has passed the processing position that contacts the workpiece ,
The advance / retreat guide mechanism comprises a guide rail and a bearing block capable of traveling on the guide rail.
The lifting platform is provided with a hole for passing the workpiece and the workpiece support device,
The bearing block is fixed to a predetermined position near the processing position on the outer peripheral side of the hole, and the guide rail is set to a length that allows the front roll head to move from the original position to the replacement position. by fixing the front roll head, the distance between the guide supporting point the front roll head according to the rotation center and the bearing block of the molding roll of the front roll head when in the working position, the front roll head It is configured to be shorter than the distance between the rotation center of the forming roll of the front roll head and the guide support point by the bearing block when in the exchange position .
A processing apparatus characterized by that.

Images