JP3830659B2 - Aluminum alloy material for projection weld nuts - Google Patents

Aluminum alloy material for projection weld nuts Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3830659B2
JP3830659B2 JP14129698A JP14129698A JP3830659B2 JP 3830659 B2 JP3830659 B2 JP 3830659B2 JP 14129698 A JP14129698 A JP 14129698A JP 14129698 A JP14129698 A JP 14129698A JP 3830659 B2 JP3830659 B2 JP 3830659B2
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Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
welding
alloy material
nut
projection
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JP14129698A
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JPH11335768A (en
Inventor
俊哉 岡田
隆憲 矢羽々
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
Furukawa Sky Aluminum Corp
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
Furukawa Sky Aluminum Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、抵抗溶接方法の一種であるプロジェクション溶接用のナットを製造するのに用いられるAl−Mg系アルミニウム合金材に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
プロジェクション溶接は、一方の被溶接材に予め突起(プロジェクション)を形成しておき、この突起を他方の被溶接材に接触させ、この接触部分に電流と加圧力を集中することで発熱効率を高めた抵抗溶接法である。これは例えば自動車産業などでは、ボルト、ナット等の冷間鍛造品の溶接に用いられることの多い技術で、車両の軽量化などからアルミニウム合金の使用比率が増大している近年、アルミニウム合金製ナットを用いたプロジェクション溶接技術の確立が要望されている。しかし、アルミニウム合金は熱伝導性が高いうえ、表面に高融点の酸化皮膜が生じており、そのままでは溶接強度が低く、一般的には抵抗溶接には不向きである。
すなわち、従来の方法においてアルミニウム合金製のナット又は押出形材を用いる場合、押出成形性からJIS 6000系の、いわゆるAl−Mg−Si系合金を用いているが、Al−Mg−Si系合金はアルミニウム合金の中でも導電率が高く、溶融開始温度も純アルミニウムに近く高い。このため、抵抗スポット溶接を行う際には材料が発熱しにくく、溶接電流を高くしないと一定の溶接強度が得られないという問題がある。
そのため、このアルミニウム合金材料に関して、次のようにいくつかの抵抗溶接の方法が提案されているものの工業的実施の観点から必ずしも満足できるものではない。
例えば特開平2−209611号においては、JIS 6000系アルミニウム合金製のナットをJIS 5000系アルミニウム合金製の板に固定するために、両翼を設けた押出形材にネジ孔をあけナット状にし、その両翼を板面にスポット溶接する方法が提案されているが、施工工数がかかるという問題がある。また、アルミニウム合金製ナットとアルミニウム合金板の間にアルミニウムのインサート材を挿入して溶接する方法(特公平6−63759号)、鋼製ナット全面にアルミニウムの被覆を施しスポット溶接する方法(特開平6−123307号)、同じく鋼製ナットにアルミニウムのプレートをかしめ、アルミニウム合金板とプレートとをスポット溶接する方法(実用新案登録第1990000号)なども提案されているが、いずれもナットと板とを直接溶接することができず、手間がかかるという欠点を有する。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような従来のアルミニウム合金材料の問題点を克服し、良好な成形性、加工性を有するとともに、抵抗溶接を行いやすく、高い溶接強度の得られる、プロジェクション溶接ナット用アルミニウム合金材を提供することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は上記課題に鑑み鋭意検討した結果、特定組成のAl−Mg系合金材が上記目的に適合することを見出し、この知見に基づき本発明をなすに至った。
すなわち本発明は、
(1)Mg 1.5〜5.0wt%及びNi 1.0〜2.0wt%を含み、残部がアルミニウム及び不可避不純物からなることを特徴とするプロジェクション溶接ナット用アルミニウム合金材、及び
)Mg 1.5〜5.0wt%、Zr 0.3wt%以下、及びNi 1.0〜2.0wt%を含み、残部がアルミニウム及び不可避不純物からなることを特徴とするプロジェクション溶接ナット用アルミニウム合金材
を提供するものである。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のプロジェクション溶接ナット用アルミニウム合金材(以下、アルミニウム合金材という)はMgを1.5〜5.0wt%、好ましくは2.0〜4.5wt%含有する。本発明のアルミニウム合金材においてMgは溶接強度を向上させるが、1.5wt%未満ではこの効果が十分に得られない。また、5.0wt%を越えるとアルミニウム合金材の押出性が大きく低下し、また、粒界腐食、応力腐食を発生するおそれが生ずる。
【0006】
本発明のアルミニウム合金材はMgとともにNiを含有する。また、Zrを含有することが好ましい。本発明においてZrは、アルミニウム合金材の結晶を微細化し、耐熱性を向上させる。従って、Zrを含むことによって溶接時の発熱による材料の軟化が防止され、溶接強度が向上する。Zrが0.3wt%を越えると巨大な晶出物が生成して押出性を低下させ、強度、靭性及び加工性も低下するため、Zrは0.3wt%以下、好ましくは0.05〜0.2wt%とする。
Niはアルミニウム合金材の耐熱性を向上させ、従ってZrと同様に溶接時の発熱による材料の軟化を防止し、溶接強度を向上させる。Niが1.0wt%未満ではこの効果が十分に得られない。また、2.0wt%を越えると巨大な晶出物が生成して強度、靭性及び加工性が低下する。このため、Niは1.0〜2.0wt%、好ましくは1.2〜1.8wt%とする。
【0007】
本発明のアルミニウム合金材において、上記したMg並びにZr及びNiの残部はアルミニウム及び不可避不純物である。不可避不純物はAl、Mg、Zr及びNi以外の成分であり、例えばFe、Si、Cu、Mnであり、含有量はアルミニウム合金材の目的とする性質を損なわない範囲であり、通常、Feは0.5wt%以下、Siは0.3wt%以下、Cuは0.2wt%以下、Mnは0.2wt%以下である。
【0008】
本発明のアルミニウム合金材の製造は、アルミニウム地金に、上記した組成となる量のMg並びにN及び必要に応じてZrを添加し、これを合金溶湯として、ビレットに鋳造するなどの方法で行うことができる。
本発明のアルミニウム合金材のプロジェクション溶接用ナットへの成形は、ビレットからの押出加工など、通常行われる方法で行うことができる。このナットの形状、大きさ等は特に制限はなく、突起(プロジェクション)を有し、抵抗溶接されるナットであれば用いることができる。
図1に本発明のアルミニウム合金材を用いて成形したプロジェクション溶接用ナットの一例を、正面図と下部を切欠断面図とした側面図で示した。図中、1はナット本体、2はプロジェクション、3はプロジェクション溶接用ナットを示す。
【0009】
本発明のアルミニウム合金材を使用したナットを溶接する母材は、種々のアルミニウム合金板をはじめとして特に制限はない。またナットと母材の溶接の方法も、通常の抵抗スポット溶接、プロジェクション溶接であれば特に制限はなく、例えば特開平6−123307号に記載の溶接方法などで溶接することができる。
【0010】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例に基づいてさらに詳細に説明する。
参考例1〜5及び実施例〜15
表1に示した純度のアルミニウム地金(Si、Fe、Cu及びMnは不可避不純物)にMgとZr及び/又はNiを表1に示した量添加した合金溶湯を半連続鋳造法によりビレットに鋳造し、このビレットを押出加工等によって加工してナット(六角溶接ナット−パイロット付き:ネジの呼び名M6;JAS0 F1177−77に基づく)No.1〜15を得た。なお、No.1〜5は本発明の範囲外のものであるが参考例として示した。
【0011】
比較例1〜16
実施例の6〜15と同様にして表2に示した組成No.16〜31の合金溶湯をビレットに鋳造し、このビレットを実施例の6〜15と同様にナットに加工した。ただし、No.17、21、23、27、30及び31についてはビレット作製後の押出加工が行えず、ナットに成形できなかった。
【0012】
【表1】

Figure 0003830659
【0013】
【表2】
Figure 0003830659
【0014】
試験例
実施例及び比較例並びに参考例で得られた各ナットを母材(2mm×50mm×50mm、穴径φ9.5mm)に溶接し、溶接性を試験した。母材にはJIS−A5052P−H34(組成は表3に示した。Mg 2.5wt%、Cr 0.25wt%のものを使用)を用いた。溶接機は単相整流式抵抗溶接機、電極はクロム銅φ19mm、一体型のフラット形を用いた。溶接電流は32kA、36kA及び40kA、加圧力は5884N、通電時間を6cycleとして、実施例及び比較例のナットそれぞれについて溶接数6個で溶接を行い、溶接性を評価した。比較として、JIS A6061−T6材(組成は表3に示した。)で作製した同形状のナットについても同じ試験を行った。
【0015】
【表3】
Figure 0003830659
【0016】
溶接性の評価は、トルク剥離試験(JAS0 F1177−77に基づく)により行った。図2に示すようにして、トルクレンチ4を用い、溶接したナット3が母材5より剥離する強度を求めた。結果を表4及び表5に示した。
表4及び表5よりわかるように、実施例で得られた各ナットは、32〜40kAのいずれの溶接電流においても比較例のナット及びJIS A6061−T6材製のナットに比べトルク剥離強度が高く、良好な溶接強度が得られている。
【0017】
【表4】
Figure 0003830659
【0018】
【表5】
Figure 0003830659
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明のプロジェクション溶接ナット用アルミニウム合金材は、ナットに成形するのに好適な押出性、強度、靭性及び加工性を有し、かつ、溶接性に優れる。したがって、本発明のアルミニウム合金材を用いたプロジェクション溶接用ナットは抵抗溶接を行いやすく、溶接電流を特に高くしなくとも高い溶接強度で母材と溶接することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のアルミニウム合金材を用いたプロジェクション溶接用ナットの一例を示す正面図及び下部を切欠断面図とした側面図である。
【図2】トルク剥離試験方法を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ナット本体
2 プロジェクション
3 ナット[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an Al—Mg-based aluminum alloy material used to manufacture a nut for projection welding which is a kind of resistance welding method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In projection welding, a projection (projection) is formed in advance on one workpiece, the projection is brought into contact with the other workpiece, and current and pressure are concentrated on this contact area to increase heat generation efficiency. Resistance welding method. This is a technology often used for welding cold forgings such as bolts and nuts in the automobile industry, etc., and the use ratio of aluminum alloys has increased in recent years due to weight reduction of vehicles. The establishment of projection welding technology using a laser is desired. However, an aluminum alloy has high thermal conductivity, and a high melting point oxide film is formed on the surface, so that the welding strength is low as it is, and it is generally unsuitable for resistance welding.
That is, when using an aluminum alloy nut or an extruded profile in the conventional method, a so-called Al-Mg-Si alloy of JIS 6000 type is used because of extrusion moldability. Among aluminum alloys, the electrical conductivity is high, and the melting start temperature is close to that of pure aluminum. For this reason, when performing resistance spot welding, there is a problem that the material hardly generates heat, and a constant welding strength cannot be obtained unless the welding current is increased.
Therefore, although several resistance welding methods have been proposed for the aluminum alloy material as follows, it is not always satisfactory from the viewpoint of industrial implementation.
For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-209611, in order to fix a nut made of JIS 6000 series aluminum alloy to a plate made of JIS 5000 series aluminum alloy, a screw hole is made in an extruded profile provided with both blades, and the nut is formed. Although a method of spot welding both blades to the plate surface has been proposed, there is a problem that it takes a lot of construction man-hours. In addition, an aluminum insert is inserted between an aluminum alloy nut and an aluminum alloy plate and welded (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-63759), and a steel nut is entirely coated with aluminum and spot welded (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-6 / 1993). 123307), a method of spot welding an aluminum plate to a steel nut and spotting the aluminum alloy plate and the plate (utility model registration No. 190000) has also been proposed. It has the disadvantage that it cannot be welded and takes time.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention overcomes the problems of the conventional aluminum alloy material, has an excellent formability and workability, is easy to perform resistance welding, and can obtain high welding strength. Aluminum alloy material for projection weld nuts The purpose is to provide.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies in view of the above problems, the present inventor has found that an Al—Mg-based alloy material having a specific composition is suitable for the above-mentioned purpose, and has reached the present invention based on this finding.
That is, the present invention
(1) An aluminum alloy material for a projection weld nut, comprising 1.5 to 5.0 wt% Mg and 1.0 to 2.0 wt% Ni, the balance being made of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and ( 2 ) An aluminum alloy material for projection weld nuts, comprising Mg 1.5 to 5.0 wt%, Zr 0.3 wt% or less, and Ni 1.0 to 2.0 wt%, the balance being made of aluminum and inevitable impurities Is to provide.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The aluminum alloy material for projection weld nut of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as aluminum alloy material) contains Mg in an amount of 1.5 to 5.0 wt%, preferably 2.0 to 4.5 wt%. In the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, Mg improves the welding strength, but if it is less than 1.5 wt%, this effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 5.0 wt%, the extrudability of the aluminum alloy material is greatly reduced, and there is a risk of causing intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion.
[0006]
Aluminum alloy material of the present invention contains a N i in together and Mg. Moreover, it is preferable to contain Zr. In the present invention, Zr refines the crystal of the aluminum alloy material and improves the heat resistance. Therefore, by including Zr, softening of the material due to heat generation during welding is prevented, and the welding strength is improved. If Zr exceeds 0.3 wt%, a large crystallized product is generated to deteriorate the extrudability, and the strength, toughness and workability are also decreased. Therefore, Zr is 0.3 wt% or less, preferably 0.05 to 0 .2 wt%.
Ni improves the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy material, and thus prevents softening of the material due to heat generation during welding, as with Zr, and improves the welding strength. If Ni is less than 1.0 wt%, this effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 2.0 wt%, a large crystallized product is formed, and the strength, toughness and workability are lowered. For this reason, Ni is 1.0 to 2.0 wt%, preferably 1.2 to 1.8 wt%.
[0007]
In the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, the balance of Mg and Zr及beauty N i described above is aluminum and inevitable impurities. Inevitable impurities are components other than Al, Mg, Zr and Ni, for example, Fe, Si, Cu, Mn, and the content is in a range that does not impair the intended properties of the aluminum alloy material. 0.5 wt% or less, Si 0.3 wt% or less, Cu 0.2 wt% or less, and Mn 0.2 wt% or less.
[0008]
Methods such as the manufacture of aluminum alloy material of the present invention, the aluminum ingot, the Mg sequence of amount corresponding to the above-described composition according to N i and require the addition of Zr, which as molten alloy is cast into billets Can be done.
The aluminum alloy material of the present invention can be formed into a projection welding nut by a conventional method such as extrusion from a billet. The shape, size, etc. of the nut are not particularly limited, and any nut that has a projection and is resistance-welded can be used.
An example of a projection welding nut formed using the aluminum alloy material of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 as a front view and a side view with a lower section cut away. In the figure, 1 is a nut body, 2 is a projection, and 3 is a nut for projection welding.
[0009]
The base material for welding the nut using the aluminum alloy material of the present invention is not particularly limited including various aluminum alloy plates. Also, the method for welding the nut and the base material is not particularly limited as long as it is ordinary resistance spot welding or projection welding. For example, welding can be performed by a welding method described in JP-A-6-123307.
[0010]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples.
Reference Examples 1-5 and Examples 6-15
Cast aluminum alloy with the purity shown in Table 1 (Si, Fe, Cu and Mn are inevitable impurities) and Mg and Zr and / or Ni in the amounts shown in Table 1 into a billet by the semi-continuous casting method. Then, the billet was processed by extrusion or the like to obtain nuts (hexagonal welded nuts-with pilot: screw name M6; based on JAS0 F1177-77) No. 1-15. In addition, No. Although 1 to 5 are outside the scope of the present invention, they are shown as reference examples.
[0011]
Comparative Examples 1-16
In the same manner as in Examples 6 to 15, the molten alloy having the composition No. 16 to 31 shown in Table 2 was cast into a billet, and this billet was processed into a nut in the same manner as in Examples 6 to 15. However, No. 17, 21, 23, 27, 30 and 31 could not be extruded after the billet was produced, and could not be formed into nuts.
[0012]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003830659
[0013]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003830659
[0014]
Test Example Each nut obtained in Examples , Comparative Examples and Reference Examples was welded to a base material (2 mm × 50 mm × 50 mm, hole diameter φ9.5 mm), and the weldability was tested. As a base material, JIS-A5052P-H34 (composition was shown in Table 3. Mg 2.5 wt%, Cr 0.25 wt%) was used. The welding machine used was a single-phase rectification type resistance welding machine, and the electrodes used were chrome copper φ19 mm and an integrated flat type. The welding current was 32 kA, 36 kA and 40 kA, the applied pressure was 5884 N, the energization time was 6 cycles, and each of the nuts of the example and the comparative example was welded with 6 welds, and the weldability was evaluated. As a comparison, the same test was performed on a nut having the same shape made of JIS A6061-T6 material (composition shown in Table 3).
[0015]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003830659
[0016]
The weldability was evaluated by a torque peel test (based on JAS0 F1177-77). As shown in FIG. 2, the torque wrench 4 was used to determine the strength at which the welded nut 3 peeled from the base material 5. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
As can be seen from Tables 4 and 5, the nuts obtained in the examples have higher torque peel strength than the nuts of the comparative examples and the nuts made of JIS A6061-T6 at any welding current of 32 to 40 kA. Good weld strength is obtained.
[0017]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003830659
[0018]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003830659
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
The aluminum alloy material for projection welded nuts of the present invention has extrudability, strength, toughness and workability suitable for forming into a nut, and is excellent in weldability. Therefore, the projection welding nut using the aluminum alloy material of the present invention can be easily resistance-welded, and can be welded to the base metal with high welding strength without particularly increasing the welding current.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of a projection welding nut using an aluminum alloy material of the present invention, and a side view with a lower section cut away.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a torque peel test method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Nut body 2 Projection 3 Nut

Claims (2)

Mg 1.5〜5.0wt%及びNi 1.0〜2.0wt%を含み、残部がアルミニウム及び不可避不純物からなることを特徴とするプロジェクション溶接ナット用アルミニウム合金材。  An aluminum alloy material for a projection weld nut, comprising 1.5 to 5.0 wt% Mg and 1.0 to 2.0 wt% Ni, the balance being made of aluminum and inevitable impurities. Mg 1.5〜5.0wt%、Zr 0.3wt%以下、及びNi 1.0〜2.0wt%を含み、残部がアルミニウム及び不可避不純物からなることを特徴とするプロジェクション溶接ナット用アルミニウム合金材。  An aluminum alloy material for a projection welding nut, comprising Mg 1.5 to 5.0 wt%, Zr 0.3 wt% or less, and Ni 1.0 to 2.0 wt%, the balance being made of aluminum and inevitable impurities .
JP14129698A 1998-05-22 1998-05-22 Aluminum alloy material for projection weld nuts Expired - Fee Related JP3830659B2 (en)

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JP2005233268A (en) * 2004-02-18 2005-09-02 Toyota Motor Corp Projection welding nut made of aluminum alloy
CN113751967A (en) * 2021-09-01 2021-12-07 瑞安市威孚标准件有限公司 Forming method of welded nut

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