JP3827967B2 - Brazing alloy powder - Google Patents

Brazing alloy powder Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3827967B2
JP3827967B2 JP2001128337A JP2001128337A JP3827967B2 JP 3827967 B2 JP3827967 B2 JP 3827967B2 JP 2001128337 A JP2001128337 A JP 2001128337A JP 2001128337 A JP2001128337 A JP 2001128337A JP 3827967 B2 JP3827967 B2 JP 3827967B2
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Prior art keywords
brazing
ppm
powder
gas
alloy powder
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JP2001128337A
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JP2002321085A (en
Inventor
幹也 山名
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Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd
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Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ろう付け後の強度の安定、向上を図るろう付け用合金粉末に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ステンレス鋼材を使用した部材を接合する場合に、2つの部材の継手をニッケルろうを使用したろう付けにより接合することがある。このニッケルろうはJISにも規定されているように、ニッケルを主成分として、B,Si,Cr,Fe,P等の添加物を含んだ合金として形成されている。また、ニッケルろう材として、例えば特開平11−114692号公報に開示されているように、ぬれ性が良好で、連続した脆化相が生じることなく、クラックの発生を防止することができ、かつ靱性に富む接合部組織を得ることができるニッケルろう材およびこのろう材を用いたろう付け方法として、粉末状ニッケルろうに、Ni,Cr,Ni−Cr合金、SUS(ステンレス鋼)のうち選ばれた金属粉末を1重量%以上10重量%未満添加したニッケルろう材、およびその使用するろう付け方法が知られている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述した特許公報においては、確かにぬれ性が良好で、連続した脆化相が生じることなく、クラックの発生を防止することができるかもしれないが、必要最小限の使用量で強度の高い接合部を安定して形成することが出来るまでには至っておらず、特に強度において不十分であるという問題がある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述したような問題を解消するために、発明者らは鋭意開発を進めた結果、合金粉末中の酸素量、窒素量を合金成分として適正な値に制御することにより、ろう付け後の強度の安定、向上を図ることが可能なろう付け用合金粉末を提供することにある。その発明に要旨とするところは、
質量%で、Cr:16.0〜23.0%、Si:7.0〜12.0%、O:150〜400ppm、N:150〜400ppm、を含有し、残部Niおよび不可避的不純物からなることを特徴とするろう付け用合金粉末にある。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係るろう付け用合金成分組成の限定理由を述べる。
Cr:16.0〜23.0%
Crは、耐食性を向上させる元素である。しかし、16.0%未満では効果が得られない。一方、23.0%を超えると靱性や加工性が劣化するので上限を23.0%とした。
Si:7.0〜12.0%
Siは、固溶強化元素であり、かつ脱酸剤である。しかし、12.0%を超えると加工性を低下させるので、その上限を12.0%とした。
【0006】
O:150〜400ppm
Oは、多量に存在すると粗大な酸化物系非金属介在物をろう接金属中に生成させ、ピンホールを発生しクラックを発生する。従って、その効果を得るための下限値として150ppmとした。一方、400ppmを超える添加をすると、酸化物系非金属介在物をろう接金属中に生成し、ピンホールが発生しクラックを発生する。よって、上限を400ppmとした。
【0007】
N:150〜400ppm
Nは、素地に固溶され、硬さを上昇させる元素である。しかし、150ppm未満ではその効果が得られず、また、400ppmを超える添加は硬質化し、加工性が劣化するので、その範囲を150〜400ppmとした。
上述した成分組成を含有するNi基合金からなり、その他の元素についても、効果のみられる元素については、特に限定されることなく任意に数%程度添加しても良い。
【0008】
【実施例】
Ni基合金を溶製した後、N2 ガスを使用したガス噴霧法により粉化し、そのままガス雰囲気中で冷却してNi基ろう材粉末2000kgを製造した。次いで、前記粉末を−150〜+30μmに分級した500kg/バッチを大気雰囲気中で400℃、500℃、600℃×2時間の加熱を行って酸化させた。その結果を表1のNo.1〜3に示す。
また、上記同様に、Ni基合金を溶製した後、N2 ガス中の酸素量が300〜1200ppmであるように調整したN2 ガスを使用したガス噴霧法により粉化し、そのままガス雰囲気中で冷却してNi基ろう材粉末2000kgを製造した。その結果を表1のNo.4〜6に示す。
【0009】
また、Ni基合金をN2 ガス雰囲気中で溶製した後、N2 ガスを使用したガス噴霧法により粉化し、そのままガス雰囲気中で冷却してNi基ろう材粉末2000kgを製造した。その結果を表1のNo.7に示す。
さらに、Ni基合金をN2 ガス雰囲気中で溶製した後、N2 ガス中の酸素量が300〜1200ppmであるように調整したN2 ガスを使用したガス噴霧法により粉化し、そのままガス雰囲気中で冷却してNi基ろう材粉末2000kgを製造した。その結果を表1のNo.8〜10に示す。
【0010】
比較例のために、Ni基合金を溶製した後、N2 ガスを使用したガス噴霧法により粉化し、そのままガス雰囲気中で冷却してNi基ろう材粉末を製造し、酸化処理を行わなかった粉末2000kgを製造した。その結果を表1のNo.11に示す。なお、濡れ性評価方法として、粉末を50gを5箇所より採取し、各試料を山とし、バインダー1mlを試料の山の頂上に落とし、バインダーが粉末中にしみ込む時間をストップウオッチにて測定した。その時の基準として、以下のように定めた。
【0011】
○:浸透時間が10秒未満
△:浸透時間が15秒未満
×:浸透時間が15秒以上
また、バインダーとしては、ポリビニルアルコール系、あるいはメタアクリル酸アルコール系などの有機バインダーを用いた。
【0012】
【表1】

Figure 0003827967
【0013】
さらに、接合強度(破断)について、以下のように定めた。
ろう接面の断面ミクロ組織を5ケ所観察し、基材との接合状態を確認した。その時の基準として、以下のように定めた。
○:未溶接部がなし(0個)
△:未溶接部が有り(1ケ所以内)
×:破断有り(2ケ所以上)
【0014】
【表1】
Figure 0003827967
【0015】
表1に示すように、No.1,2、No.8〜10は本発明例であり、No.3〜7、No.11は比較例である。No.3はOが450ppmと高いので、濡れ性がやや悪い。No.4はOが130ppmと低く、また、Nも110ppmと低いために、濡れ性が悪い。No.5はNが90ppmと低いために、濡れ性がやや悪い。No.6はOが500ppmと高く、また、Nは80ppmと低いために、濡れ性が悪い。No.7はOが100ppmと低いために、濡れ性がやや悪い。さらに、No.11はOが90ppmと低く、また、Nも50ppmと低いために、濡れ性が悪い。これに対し、本発明はいずれも濡れ性が良好である。
【0016】
ピンホール発生状況および接合強度についても、本発明例であるNo.1,2、No.8〜10については、ピンホールの発生もなく破断も見られず接合強度が良好であることが判る。これに対して、比較例であるNo.3〜7、No.11のいずれも、ピンホールの発生が1個以上発生し、また、接合強度についても未接合部が1ケ所以上発生することが認められた。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明により、合金粉末中の酸素量および窒素量を適正な値に制御することにより、ろう材合金粉末とバインダーとのぬれ性を良好にすることにより、ろう接金属中のピンホールの発生を防止し、強度の高い接合部を形成し、ろう付け後の強度の安定、向上を図ることが出来る極めて優れた効果を奏するものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an alloy powder for brazing intended to stabilize and improve strength after brazing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when a member using a stainless steel material is joined, a joint of two members may be joined by brazing using a nickel braze. This nickel brazing is formed as an alloy containing nickel as a main component and additives such as B, Si, Cr, Fe, and P as defined in JIS. Moreover, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-114692, the nickel brazing material has good wettability, can prevent the occurrence of cracks without causing a continuous embrittlement phase, and Nickel brazing material capable of obtaining a joint structure rich in toughness and a brazing method using this brazing material were selected from among powdered nickel brazing, Ni, Cr, Ni-Cr alloys, and SUS (stainless steel). A nickel brazing material to which metal powder is added in an amount of 1 wt% or more and less than 10 wt%, and a brazing method using the same are known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-mentioned patent gazette, the wettability is certainly good, and it may be possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks without causing a continuous embrittlement phase. It has not yet been possible to stably form high joints, and there is a problem that the strength is particularly insufficient.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the inventors have intensively developed, and as a result, by controlling the oxygen content and nitrogen content in the alloy powder to appropriate values as alloy components, the strength after brazing can be improved. An object of the present invention is to provide a brazing alloy powder that can be stabilized and improved. The gist of the invention is that
In mass%, Cr: 16.0 to 23.0%, Si: 7.0 to 12.0%, O: 150 to 400 ppm, N: 150 to 400 ppm, and the balance Ni and unavoidable impurities It is in the alloy powder for brazing characterized by this.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the reason for limitation of the alloy composition for brazing according to the present invention will be described.
Cr: 16.0 to 23.0%
Cr is an element that improves the corrosion resistance. However, if it is less than 16.0%, no effect is obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 23.0%, toughness and workability deteriorate, so the upper limit was made 23.0%.
Si: 7.0 to 12.0%
Si is a solid solution strengthening element and a deoxidizer. However, if it exceeds 12.0%, the workability is lowered, so the upper limit was made 12.0%.
[0006]
O: 150-400 ppm
When O is present in a large amount, coarse oxide-based non-metallic inclusions are generated in the brazing metal, pinholes are generated, and cracks are generated. Therefore, the lower limit for obtaining the effect is set to 150 ppm. On the other hand, when the addition exceeds 400 ppm , oxide-based non-metallic inclusions are generated in the brazing metal, pinholes are generated, and cracks are generated. Thus, it was the upper limit and 400ppm.
[0007]
N: 150-400 ppm
N is an element that is dissolved in the substrate and increases the hardness. However, if it is less than 150 ppm, the effect cannot be obtained, and addition exceeding 400 ppm hardens and the workability deteriorates, so the range was set to 150 to 400 ppm.
It consists of Ni base alloy containing the component composition mentioned above, About other elements, about the element which is effective, you may add about several percent arbitrarily, without being specifically limited.
[0008]
【Example】
After melting the Ni-based alloy, it was pulverized by a gas spraying method using N 2 gas, and cooled as it was in a gas atmosphere to produce 2000 kg of Ni-based brazing powder. Next, 500 kg / batch obtained by classifying the powder into −150 to +30 μm was oxidized by heating at 400 ° C., 500 ° C., and 600 ° C. for 2 hours in an air atmosphere. The results are shown in Table 1. 1-3.
In the same manner as described above, after melting the Ni-based alloy, it is pulverized by a gas spraying method using N 2 gas adjusted so that the oxygen amount in the N 2 gas is 300 to 1200 ppm, and directly in the gas atmosphere. After cooling, 2000 kg of Ni-based brazing powder was produced. The results are shown in Table 1. Shown in 4-6.
[0009]
Further, after melting the Ni-based alloy in an N 2 gas atmosphere, it was pulverized by a gas spraying method using N 2 gas, and cooled in the gas atmosphere as it was to produce 2000 kg of Ni-based brazing powder. The results are shown in Table 1. 7 shows.
Further, after melting the Ni-based alloy in the N 2 gas atmosphere, it is pulverized by a gas spray method using N 2 gas adjusted so that the oxygen amount in the N 2 gas is 300 to 1200 ppm, and the gas atmosphere is used as it is. The mixture was cooled to 2000 kg of Ni-based brazing powder. The results are shown in Table 1. Shown in 8-10.
[0010]
For the comparative example, after melting a Ni-based alloy, it was pulverized by a gas spray method using N 2 gas, and cooled in a gas atmosphere as it was to produce a Ni-based brazing powder, and no oxidation treatment was performed. 2000 kg of powder was produced. The results are shown in Table 1. 11 shows. As a wettability evaluation method, 50 g of powder was collected from five locations, each sample was taken as a crest, 1 ml of binder was dropped onto the top of the crest of the sample, and the time for the binder to soak into the powder was measured with a stopwatch. As a standard at that time, it was determined as follows.
[0011]
○: Penetration time is less than 10 seconds Δ: Penetration time is less than 15 seconds x: Penetration time is 15 seconds or more Further, as the binder, an organic binder such as polyvinyl alcohol or methacrylic alcohol is used.
[0012]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003827967
[0013]
Further, the bonding strength (breakage) was determined as follows.
The cross-sectional microstructure of the brazed surface was observed at five locations, and the bonding state with the substrate was confirmed. As a standard at that time, it was determined as follows.
○: No unwelded part (0)
Δ: There is an unwelded part (within 1 location)
×: There is a break (2 or more places)
[0014]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003827967
[0015]
As shown in Table 1, no. 1, 2, no. Nos. 8 to 10 are examples of the present invention. 3-7, no. 11 is a comparative example. No. No. 3 has slightly high wettability because O is as high as 450 ppm. No. No. 4 has low wettability because O is as low as 130 ppm and N is as low as 110 ppm. No. No. 5 has slightly low wettability because N is as low as 90 ppm. No. No. 6 has high wettability because O is as high as 500 ppm and N is as low as 80 ppm. No. No. 7 has slightly low wettability because O is as low as 100 ppm. Furthermore, no. No. 11 has low wettability because O is as low as 90 ppm and N is also low as 50 ppm. On the other hand, the present invention has good wettability.
[0016]
The pinhole generation situation and the bonding strength are also No. 1, 2, no. For 8 to 10, it can be seen that there is no occurrence of pinholes and no breakage, and that the bonding strength is good. On the other hand, the comparative example No. 3-7, no. In any of the cases 11, one or more pinholes were generated, and the bonding strength was observed to be one or more unbonded portions.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by controlling the oxygen amount and nitrogen amount in the alloy powder to appropriate values, the wettability between the brazing alloy powder and the binder is improved, so that It is possible to prevent the occurrence of pinholes, form a high-strength joint, and achieve a very excellent effect that can stabilize and improve the strength after brazing.

Claims (1)

質量%で、
Cr:16.0〜23.0%、
Si:7.0〜12.0%、
O:150〜400ppm、
N:150〜400ppm、
を含有し、残部Niおよび不可避的不純物からなることを特徴とするろう付け用合金粉末。
% By mass
Cr: 16.0 to 23.0%,
Si: 7.0 to 12.0%,
O: 150-400 ppm,
N: 150-400 ppm,
Alloy powder for brazing , comprising the balance Ni and inevitable impurities .
JP2001128337A 2001-04-25 2001-04-25 Brazing alloy powder Expired - Lifetime JP3827967B2 (en)

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JP3827967B2 true JP3827967B2 (en) 2006-09-27

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