JP3811386B2 - Fertilizer seeding machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a fertilizer machine and a sowing machine mounted on the rear part of a traveling vehicle such as a tractor, and forms a groove in a field using a groove-growing disk, seeds the groove, covers the seed with a soil-covering disk, and then suppresses the pressure. The present invention relates to a technique for energizing a pressure reducing roller of a fertilizer applicator or a seeding machine configured to suppress a field with a roller with substantially equal pressure downward.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, it is mounted on the rear part of a tractor and has a hopper for seeds and powdered fertilizers and a mechanism for feeding them out. A groove is formed in the field with a grooving disk, seeded in the groove, and seeds with a soil covering disk. The technique of the seeding machine of the structure which crushes a field with a crushing roller after covering is known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a conventional fertilizer seeder, the part where the fertilizer seeder is connected to the tractor so that the grooved disc, the covering disc and the pressure roller follow the field to form a groove regardless of the tractor's posture change and the unevenness of the field (Hereinafter referred to as “connecting portion”) and a portion to follow the field (hereinafter referred to as “grounding portion”), and both are rotatably connected by a parallel link, and a spring is interposed between the two. The grounding part was urged downward. For example, it is a technique of actual fairness 4-49858. In this prior art, the groove forming disk, the soil covering disk, and the pressure-reducing roller are rotatably fixed and pivotally supported on the roller frame serving as the skeleton of the ground contact portion. For example, when there is a convex portion of the field directly under the pressure roller, the construction groove and the cover soil disk are also lifted and lifted from the field at the same time. There was a problem in the followability of the grounding part in the farm with some. Further, in the conventional technique, since the diagonal pivots of the parallel links are connected by the tension spring, the length of the spring is determined. It was difficult to adjust the spring force, and there was a problem that the swing range was narrow because the parallel links hit each other. Furthermore, in order to follow the farm scene, it is desirable that the substantially same urging force is urged downward during the ascent and descent, but the downward urging force became stronger as the parallel link increased. . In view of such a situation, the present invention is a fertilizer seeding machine that is lightweight and allows the pressure reducing roller to follow the field with a substantially equal pressing force regardless of the field condition, and can easily select the optimum pressing force for the field condition. Is to provide.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.
[0005]
In Claim 1, it mounts | wears with the rear part of a driving | running | working vehicle, forms a groove | channel in a farm field by a groove-growing disk (19), seeds | inoculates in this groove | channel, covers a seed with a soil-covering disk (21), Then, a pressure reduction roller (23 In the fertilizer sowing machine (1) configured to suppress the field in (1), the fertilizer sowing machine (1) is provided with a mounting frame (35) provided at the front upper part attached to the rear part of the traveling vehicle such as a tractor. 35) A seeding frame (36) is fixed to the rear of the seeding frame (36), and a fertilizer feeding device (6) and a seed feeding device (7) are fixed to the rear of the sowing frame (36). A hopper (4, 5) is detachably provided on the upper part of 7), a support frame (13) is suspended below the front surface of the mounting frame (35), and a lower part of the support frame (13) Rotate the parallel link (15/16) Pivotally supported on the roller frame (17) pivotally supported to the other end of the parallel links (15, 16), with respect to the swing freely supported rollers frame (17), rotatable One end of a roller arm (22) is connected to the roller arm, and a pressure reducing roller (23) is rotatably supported on the other end of the roller arm (22), between the roller frame (17) and the roller arm (22). A support rod (41) fitted with a compression spring (40) is pivotally supported, and the roller frame side fulcrum shaft (43) of the support rod (41) is moved more than the rotation trajectory of the roller arm side fulcrum shaft (42). It is configured so as to be arranged on the outside range, above the roller arm side fulcrum shaft (42) and behind.
[0006]
In Claim 2, the mechanism which can adjust the position of the roller frame side fulcrum shaft (43) of this support rod (41) to the advancing direction of a fertilizer seeding machine is provided.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[000]
Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a fertilizer seeding machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing a positional relationship of a roller arm pressing mechanism of a conventional example and a fertilizer seeding machine according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the positional relationship of the roller arm pressing mechanism, and FIG.
[0007]
The overall configuration of the fertilizer seeder 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, the direction of the arrow A in FIG.
The fertilizer seeding machine 1 has a mounting frame 35 provided at the front upper part attached to a tool bar provided at the rear part of a traveling vehicle such as a tractor, and can be adjusted in position from side to side. A seeding frame 36 is fixed to the rear of the mounting frame 35, a fertilizer feeding device 6 is fixed to the rear of the sowing frame 36, and a seed feeding device 7 is fixed to the rear of the feeding device 6. The hoppers 4 and 5 are detachably provided on the upper portions of the feeding devices 6 and 7, respectively. A guide funnel 8 is disposed at the lower part of the feeding device 6, and a guide pipe 10 is communicated with the lower end of the guide funnel 8. The guide pipe 10 is curved forward and forward in front of the side surface in FIG. 1, and the lower end thereof is positioned on the substantially front side surface side of the rotating shaft of the groove forming disk 19. On the other hand, a guide funnel 9 is disposed at the lower part of the feeding device 7, and a conduit 12 is communicated with the lower end of the guide funnel 9. The lower end of the conduit 12 is inserted into the guide pipe 11. The guide pipe 11 is fixed to the roller frame 17, and the lower end of the guide pipe 11 is inserted between the grooving disks 19 and 19 (hereinafter referred to as the sowing frame 36, the hoppers 4 and 5, the feeding devices 6 and 7, the guide funnel 8). (9) The parts connected and fixed to the rear part of the traveling vehicle, such as 9, the guide pipe 10 and the conduit 12, are collectively referred to as “connection part 2”).
[0008]
A support frame 13 is suspended below the front surface of the mounting frame 35, and parallel links 15 and 16 are pivotally supported at the lower portion of the support frame 13 to fix the lower end of the guide pipe 10 to the lower end. The support rod 37 is fixed. The other ends of the parallel links 15 and 16 extend rearward and are pivotally supported by the front portion of the roller frame 17. A support rod 18 is fixed to the front end of the roller frame 17, and a grooving disk 19 is pivotally supported at the lower end in a V shape in a plan view. Then, a cover soil disk 21 is attached to the rear part of the groove forming disk 19 at the lower end of the arm 20 projecting obliquely downward from the roller frame 17, and the front end of the roller arm 22 can be rotated freely in the middle of the roller frame 17. It pivots and projects rearward and downward, and a pressure-reducing roller 23 is attached to the rear part of the roller arm 22 (by rotating the parallel links 15 and 16 such as the grooving disk 19, the soil covering disk 21, the pressure-reducing roller 23, the roller frame 17, etc. The parts following the unevenness of the field are collectively referred to as “grounding part 3”). The pressing mechanism of the pressure reducing roller 23 will be described in detail later.
[0009]
A biasing arm 14 projects rearward from the rear surface of the mounting frame 35, and a support rod 39 is provided between the biasing arm 14 and the roller frame 17 and externally fitted with compression springs 24 and 38 serving as biasing members. It is disguised. The lower end of the support rod 39 is pivotally supported by the fulcrum shaft 25, and the upper portion is supported by the fulcrum shaft 26 so as to be slidable and rotatable. Thus, the ground contact portion 3 is urged while following the unevenness of the field.
[0010]
In such a configuration, when working, the hopper 4 is filled with granular fertilizer, the hopper 5 is filled with seeds, the fertilizer seeder 1 is attached to the rear of the tractor, and the tractor is advanced. A V-shaped groove is formed, and the feeding devices 6 and 7 are driven by a driving mechanism (not shown) so that a predetermined distance from the groove formed in the field through the feeding device 6, the guide funnel 8, and the guide pipe 10 from the hopper 4. Fertilizer is dropped at the position. On the other hand, seeds are dropped from the hopper 5 through the feeding device 7, the guide funnel 9, the conduit 12, and the guide pipe 11 into the groove, covered with the soil cover disk 21, and pressed by the pressure roller 23.
[0011]
Next, the attachment structure of the urging mechanism of the grounding portion 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 1, first, the front ends of the parallel links 15, 16 are pivotally supported by fulcrum shafts 31, 32 below the support frame 13 provided vertically in the connection portion 2 so that the grounding portion 3 can move up and down substantially in parallel. The shaft centers of the fulcrum shafts 31 and 32 are arranged on substantially the same vertical line when the grounding portion 3 is in a grounded state. The rear ends of the parallel links 15 and 16 are pivotally supported on the roller frame 17 by fulcrum shafts 33 and 34, and the axis of the fulcrum shafts 33 and 34 is set so as to be disposed on substantially the same vertical line in a grounded state. Is done.
[0012]
On the other hand, the lower end of the support rod 39 for urging the grounding portion 3 downward is substantially the center in the front and rear direction of the roller frame 17, and is pivoted by the fulcrum shaft 25 at a position behind the parallel links 15 and 16. Be supported. Preferably, it pivotally supports the position of the center of gravity of the grounding portion 3. The upper portion of the support rod 39 is pivotally supported by the fulcrum shaft 26 on the urging arm 14 behind the fulcrum shaft 25 at a predetermined distance.
[0013]
Next, the attachment structure of the pressing mechanism of the pressure reducing roller 23 in the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
2 and 3, the roller arm 22 side fulcrum shaft 42 of the support rod 41 is positioned on a straight line connecting the connecting point 44 of the roller arm 22 and the pressure reducing roller shaft fulcrum 48 for the sake of simplicity. Shall. One end of the roller arm 22 is pivotally connected and connected to the roller frame 17, and a pressure reducing roller 23 is pivotally supported at the other end. The connecting point 44 of the roller arm 22 is preferably arranged in the vicinity of the center of gravity of the roller frame 17. A stay is fixed in the middle of the front and rear of the roller arm 22, and the lower end of the support rod 41 is pivotally supported on the stay by a fulcrum shaft 42. A compression spring 40 is fitted on the support rod 41, and the upper end of the support rod 41 is pivotally supported on the rear end of the roller frame 17 by a fulcrum shaft 43.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 2, in the conventional fertilizer seeder, the position of the upper end fulcrum shaft 45 of the support rod 41 is substantially forward and upward as viewed from the lower end fulcrum shaft 42 of the support rod 41, and the roller arm 22 is connected to the connection point. It is arranged substantially inside the locus (the dotted arc in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3) drawn by the fulcrum shaft 42 when it rotates upward about 44. With such a configuration, the amount of change in the distance between the fulcrum shafts 42 and 45 when the roller arm rotates upward as shown in FIG. 3, that is, the compression amount (| L2′−L2 |) of the compression spring 40 is the roller. The arm 22 increases in proportion to the upward rotation angle of the arm 22.
[0015]
On the other hand, the upper end fulcrum shaft 43 of the support rod 41 in the present invention is substantially rearward and upward when viewed from the lower end fulcrum shaft 42 of the support rod 41, and the fulcrum when the roller arm 22 is rotated upward about the connection point 44. It is arranged outside the locus drawn by the shaft 42 (the dotted arc in FIGS. 2 and 3). With this configuration, the amount of change in the distance between the fulcrum shafts 42 and 43 when the roller arm rotates upward as shown in FIG. 3, that is, the compression amount (| L1′−L1 |) of the compression spring 40 is the roller. Although the rotation angle to the upper side of the arm 22 increases, it is smaller than the conventional fertilizer seeder (| L1′−L1 | <| L2′−L2 |). When the roller arm 22 is rotated from the position shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 to the biasing force of the spring, the hook law is generally established in the elastic deformation region, and the amount of compression (or extension) is proportional to the biasing force. Further, the increase amount of the urging force applied to the fulcrum shaft 42 is smaller in the present invention than in the conventional example (F1′−F1 <F2′−F2).
[0016]
Further, when considering the pressing force of the pressure reducing roller 23 on the field, it is necessary to compare the vertical component of the urging force applied to the fulcrum shaft 42 described above. The pressing force to the field is represented by (biasing force) × (sine of angle formed by the horizontal line and the support rod 41). In FIG. 2, it is assumed that the spring constants of the compression springs 40 used in the conventional example and the present invention are the same, and that the magnitudes of F which are vertical components of the urging forces F1 and F2 applied to the fulcrum shaft 42 are equal. At this time, the pressing force F4 to the field in the conventional example when the roller arm 22 rotates to the position of FIG. 3 is larger than the pressing force F3 to the field in the present invention. That is, the change in the pressing force of the pressure reducing roller 23 is smaller in the present invention than in the conventional example when the roller arm 22 rotates. In addition to the increase amount of the urging force described above, the angle formed between the horizontal line and the support rod 41 has a great influence. Comparing the conventional example and the present invention, when the roller arm 22 is rotated from the position of FIG. 2 to the position of FIG. 3, there is almost no difference in the absolute value of the change amount of the angle (| θ1−θ1 ′ | = | θ2−). θ2 ′ |). However, in the conventional example, the angle is in the vicinity of 90 degrees, that is, the support rod 41 is substantially upright with respect to the field, whereas in the present invention, the support rod 41 is located behind the fertilizer seeder 1 with respect to the field. It is in a tilted state. This is because, in the conventional example, when the roller arm 22 changes from the state shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, the sine size of the angle hardly changes (sin (θ2) ≈sin (θ2 ′)). This means that the sine becomes small (sin (θ1)> sin (θ1 ′)). Therefore, in the present invention, since the increase amount of the urging force is small and the sine is small, the pressing force to the field hardly changes due to the upward rotation of the roller arm 22, and as a result, the field is almost uniformly pressed. Can be suppressed. The compression spring 40 moves up and down with respect to the unevenness of the field, while the grounding portion 3 and the roller arm 22 also play a role of buffering against sudden up and down movement. The same buffering action is applied to the height position.
[0017]
The roller frame can also be configured as shown in FIG. That is, the roller frame 46 is extended rearward, and a large number of holes 47, 47... For fixing the fulcrum shaft 43 at the upper end of the support rod 41 are formed, so that the position of the fulcrum shaft 43 can be changed. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to select the characteristics of the pressing force of the pressure-reducing roller that is optimal for the field situation, by combining the spring constant of the compression spring 40 and the fulcrum shaft 26. In addition to the one shown in FIG. 4, for example, the rear part of the roller frame is constituted by two different diameter cylinders that slide and extend, and a means for locking with an arbitrary length is provided. It is possible to obtain the same effect as the embodiment. Therefore, the implementation method is not limited as long as the support point 43 is above and behind the fulcrum shaft 42.
[0018]
In the present invention, the roller arm 22 is rotatably connected to the roller frame 17 or the roller frame 46 which is one of the parts constituting the grounding portion 3, but the frame constituting the connecting portion 2 (for example, a support frame) 13 and the urging arm 14), the roller arm 22 is connected to the tip of the stay that protrudes substantially rearward and downward from the urging arm 14), and the pressing mechanism that urges the roller arm 22 has the same configuration as described above. It is done. Therefore, the frame to which the roller arm 22 is coupled is not limited to either the connection part 2 or the grounding part 3.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
[0020]
As shown in claim 1, after being mounted on the rear part of the traveling vehicle, a groove is formed in the field by a groove-growing disk (19), seeded in the groove, and seeds are covered with a soil-covering disk (21), and then a pressure reducing roller ( 23) In the fertilizer sowing machine (1) configured to suppress the field in 23), the fertilizer sowing machine (1) has a mounting frame (35) provided at the front upper part mounted on the rear part of the traveling vehicle such as a tractor. (35) A seeding frame (36) is fixed to the rear of the seeding frame (36), and a fertilizer feeding device (6) and a seed feeding device (7) are fixed to the rear of the sowing frame (36). A hopper (4, 5) is detachably provided at the upper part of 6.7), a support frame (13) is suspended below the front surface of the mounting frame (35), and a lower part of the support frame (13) is provided. Rotate the parallel link (15/16) Pivotally supported on the roller frame (17) pivotally supported to the other end of the parallel links (15, 16), with respect to the swing freely supported rollers frame (17), rotatable One end of a roller arm (22) is connected to the roller arm, and a pressure reducing roller (23) is rotatably supported on the other end of the roller arm (22), between the roller frame (17) and the roller arm (22). A support rod (41) fitted with a compression spring (40) is pivotally supported, and the roller frame side fulcrum shaft (43) of the support rod (41) is moved more than the rotation trajectory of the roller arm side fulcrum shaft (42). Since it is configured to be arranged on the outside range and above and behind the roller arm side fulcrum shaft (42), it can be pressed almost evenly regardless of changes in the posture of the traveling vehicle and the unevenness of the field. Attach a pressure roller to the field It has become possible to.
That is, in the conventional technique, the groove forming disk, the soil covering disk, and the pressure-reducing roller are rotatably fixed and pivotally supported on the roller frame serving as the skeleton of the ground contact portion. For example, when there is a convex portion of the field directly under the pressure roller, the construction groove and the cover soil disk are also lifted and lifted from the field at the same time. There was a problem in the followability of the grounding part in the farm with some. Further, in the conventional technique, since the diagonal pivots of the parallel links are connected by the tension spring, the length of the spring is determined. It was difficult to adjust the spring force, and there was a problem that the swing range was narrow because the parallel links hit each other. Furthermore, in order to follow a farm scene, it is desirable that substantially the same urging force is urged downward during ascent and descent, but the downward urging force became stronger as the parallel link increased. .
In view of such a situation, the present invention is a fertilizer seeding machine that is lightweight and allows the pressure reducing roller to follow the field with a substantially equal pressing force regardless of the field condition, and can easily select the optimum pressing force for the field condition. We were able to provide
[0021]
Since the mechanism which can adjust the position of the roller frame side fulcrum axis | shaft (43) of this support rod (41) to the advancing direction of a fertilizer seeding machine as shown in Claim 2 was provided, the pressure suppression roller optimal for the field condition The pressing force can be easily selected.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a fertilizer seeder according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a positional relationship of a roller arm pressing mechanism of a fertilizer seeding machine according to a conventional example and the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a positional relationship of a roller arm pressing mechanism when the roller arm is rotated upward.
4 is a side view showing an embodiment of claim 2. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fertilizer seeding machine 2 Connection part 3 Grounding part 4 * 5 Hopper 6 * 7 Feeding device 12 Conduit 17 * 46 Roller frame 19 Grooving disk 21 Covering disk 23 Pressure suppression roller 40 Compression spring 41 Support rod 42 Roller arm side fulcrum shaft 43 Roller Frame side fulcrum shaft 44 Connection point

Claims (2)

Attached to the rear of the traveling vehicle, a groove is formed in the field by the groove-growing disk (19), seeded in the groove, seeds are covered with the soil-covering disk (21), and then the field is suppressed by the pressure-reducing roller (23). In the fertilizer seeder (1) having the configuration, the fertilizer seeder (1) has a mounting frame (35) provided at the front upper part mounted on the rear part of the traveling vehicle such as a tractor, and seeded at the rear part of the mounting frame (35). A frame (36) is fixed, and a fertilizer feeding device (6) and a seed feeding device (7) are fixed to the rear part of the sowing frame (36), and the upper portion of the feeding device (6, 7). A hopper (4, 5) is detachably provided, a support frame (13) is suspended below the front surface of the mounting frame (35), and parallel links (15, 16) are provided below the support frame (13). ) Pivotably and Click (15, 16) the other end of the roller frame (17) swingably supported on the, relative to the swing freely supported rollers frame (17), rotatably a roller arm (22) One end is connected, a pressure reducing roller (23) is rotatably supported on the other end of the roller arm (22), and a compression spring (40) is removed between the roller frame (17) and the roller arm (22). The support rod (41) fitted is pivotally supported, and the roller frame side fulcrum shaft (43) of the support rod (41) is in a range outside the rotation trajectory of the roller arm side fulcrum shaft (42), and the roller A fertilizer sowing machine configured to be disposed above and behind the arm side fulcrum shaft (42).   The fertilizer sowing machine according to claim 1, further comprising a mechanism capable of adjusting the position of the fulcrum shaft (43) on the roller frame side of the support rod (41) in the traveling direction of the fertilizer sowing machine.

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