JPH09248019A - Float device for seeding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stably perform seeding with specific seeding depth by supporting a seeding device with floats which follows up a field with high performance. SOLUTION: Plural floats which support the seeding device 7 on the field surface are provided below the seeding device 7 which is coupled with a traveling machine body and performs stripe seeding and dotted seeding in a stripe array shape in the field as the traveling machine body travels. Here, those floats are two kinds of a swing float which is so fitted as to freely swing up and down around a fixed fulcrum 27 that is fixed in position about the seeding device 7 and an elevation float 11a which is fitted to movable fulcra 33 and 34 moving up and down so that it can be elevated, and an elastic means 37 which energizes the elevation float 11a toward the field is provided on the side of the movable fulcrum 33.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a float device in a seeding machine for spot-seeding or row-seeding seeds of plants such as seed paddy in a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional seeding machine, behind a riding type traveling body similar to that used in a well-known riding rice transplanter,
It is known that the seeding device supported on the field is mounted so as to be able to move up and down, and that the seeds of the plant such as seed paddy are sowed or row-sown in the field along with the traveling of the traveling machine body. There is. At this time, a plurality of floats are provided in the left-right direction below the seeding device, the floats are grounded in the field to support the seeding device on the field, and the float side is used for sowing in the field. The seeding part is composed of the grooving tool that forms the groove (seeding groove) and the discharging part that discharges the seed into the formed grooving groove, and the float should be grounded in the field as described above. The seeds are sown at a predetermined depth in the field.

[0003]

However, the float is fixed to the seeding device or supported by a fulcrum shaft fixed to the seeding device, and is attached so as to be vertically swingable about the fulcrum shaft. Things are common. For this reason, when the float is a fixed type, even if the surface of the field is slightly uneven, the float does not follow the field well, and there are drawbacks such as variations in the seeding depth and poor soil coverage. With the attached type, the followability to the field scene is improved compared to the fixed type, but when the float is relatively short, the float is inclined at a steep angle with respect to the unevenness of the field and installed on the float side. There is a problem in that the seeding part is moved up and down more than necessary, the seeding depth is not constant, and smooth seeding work cannot be performed.

[0004]

A float device in a seeding machine of the present invention for solving the above problems is a seeding device 7 for performing row seeding and spot seeding in a row in a field as the traveling machine body 4 travels. In the one in which a plurality of floats 11 for supporting the seeding device 7 in the field scene are provided below the seeding device 7 by connecting to the traveling machine body 4 and the seeding device 7 is provided, the float 11 is provided to the seeding device 7. Rocking float 11b that is vertically swingably mounted around a fixed fulcrum 27 whose position is fixed, and movable floats 33 and 34 that vertically move up and down with respect to the seeding device 7 that are vertically movable. The first feature is that there are two types 11a, and elastic means 37 for urging the lifting float 11a toward the field is provided on the movable fulcrum 33 side.

A float provided at a substantially central position in the lateral direction of the seeding device 7 is referred to as an oscillating float 11b, and the oscillating float 11b has a sensing mechanism 39 for controlling the posture of the seeding device 7 during the sowing operation. The second is that the sensor section is provided.
The feature is.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a seeder 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a left side view of a seeder 1 of the present invention. The seeder 1 is operated by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) at the rear part of the riding type traveling machine body 4 supported by the front and rear wheels 2 and 3, which is similar to that used in a conventionally known riding rice transplanter. A sowing and fertilizing apparatus 7 having a structure to be described later is mounted via a lifting link 6, and the sowing and fertilizing apparatus 7 is operated by a driving force transmitted from the traveling machine body 4 side via a transmission shaft 8. The structure is such that the traveling machine body 4 travels (is pulled by the traveling machine body 4), and sowing (row sowing, spot seeding) and fertilization are performed as described later.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sowing / fertilizing apparatus 7 is provided with a plurality of sets of sowing / fertilizing mechanisms 9 in the left-right direction at predetermined intervals so that a plurality of fertilizers and sowing can be simultaneously performed. In addition, a plurality of floats 11 that support the seeding and fertilizing device 7 on the field scene are provided below the seeding and fertilizing device 7 in the left-right direction. Then, to the float 11, a sowing section and a fertilizing section (both will be described later in detail) for actually sowing and fertilizing the field of the sowing / fertilizing mechanism 9 are attached in two sets each including a sowing section and a fertilizing section. There is. In the present embodiment, 1
In order to perform 0 fertilization and sowing, 10 sets of sowing and fertilizing mechanisms 9 are provided in the left-right direction, and 5 floats 11 are provided.

Next, the structure of the seeding and fertilizing mechanism 9 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each float 11
A seed tank 12 is integrally connected to the front side of the seed tank 12 and a fertilizer tank 13 is connected to the rear side of the seed tank 12.
Two sets of the fertilizer feeding section 4 and the fertilizer feeding section 16 are provided, and two sets of the seeding and fertilizing mechanism 9 are configured. At this time, a seed conduit 17 and a fertilizer conduit 18 are connected to the seed feeding part 14 and the fertilizer feeding part 16, respectively, and the open lower ends of the seed conduit 17 and the fertilizer conduit 18 are shifted in the front-rear and left-right phases. It is configured to be supported by the float 11 and to discharge the seed and the fertilizer fed from the seed feeding portion 14 and the fertilizer feeding portion 16 below the float 11.

On the other hand, on the front side of the bottom surface of the float 11 where the seed conduit 17 and the fertilizer conduit 18 are attached, a sowing groove grooving device 19 for making a sowing groove (sowing groove) and a fertilizer application The fertilizer ditch grooving device 21 for grooving a groove (fertilizer ditch) projects downward so that the fertilizer ditch grooving device 21 is slightly deeper than the seeding ditch grooving device 19, and the fertilizer fertilizer ditcher 2
No. 1 is provided so as to be slightly in front of the seeding groove grooving device 19.

The double-grooving devices 19, 21 projecting from the lower side of the float 11 are moved by the sowing and fertilizer application device 7 as the traveling machine body 4 travels in a state where the float 11 is in contact with the field, as will be described later. In front of the lower ends of the seed conduit 17 and the fertilizer conduit 18 in the field, fertilization grooves and seeding grooves are formed in rows. Then, seeds are discharged from the seed conduit 17 into the formed sowing groove and fertilization groove for seeding, and fertilizer is discharged from the lower end of the fertilizer conduit 18 for fertilization. That is, a sowing section is formed at the lower end of the sowing groove grooving device 19 and the seed conduit 17 attached to the float 11, and a fertilizing section is formed at the lower ends of the fertilizing groove grooving device 21 and the fertilizer conduit 18.

At the rear of the sowing groove grooving device 19, a crushing wheel 22 for suppressing the seeds sown in the sowing groove formed by the sowing groove grooving device 19 is provided supported by a support shaft 23. There is. The crushing wheel 22 is rotatable in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 4 (seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7), and its width is wider than the width of the seeding groove grooving device 19. Further, the shape is such that the side portion of the sowing groove formed by the sowing groove grooving device 19 is pressed to suppress the seeds sowed in the sowing groove. As a result, the crushing wheel 22 rotates, for example, around the support shaft 23 as the sowing and fertilizing apparatus 7 advances due to the grounding resistance at the outer peripheral portion and the grounding resistance with the field scene.
The side part of the seeding groove formed by is pressed to suppress the seeds seeded in the seeding groove as described above, and the seeding (row sowing) operation is completed.

Next, a method of attaching the float 11 to the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 will be described. The float 11 is shown in FIG.
And an elevating float 11a attached to the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 so as to be vertically movable, as shown in FIG.
There are two types of rocking floats 11b that are vertically swingably attached to the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 shown in FIG. 4, and the lifting floats 11a and the rocking floats 11b are attached to each fulcrum as described below.

First, a method of mounting the elevating float 11a will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, on the seeding and fertilizing frame 24 side provided in the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7, the front end is fixed to the seeding and fertilizing frame 24 side, and the rear side is a bracket for a float that extends obliquely downward. 26 is provided, and on the lower end side of the bracket 26 is a first fixed fulcrum whose position is fixed with respect to the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7.
A first link arm 28 is rotatably attached via a fulcrum shaft 27. On the other hand, a second fulcrum shaft 29, which is another fixed fulcrum, is provided in front of the first fulcrum shaft 27 of the bracket 26, and the second link arm 31 is rotatably attached to the second fulcrum shaft 29. Is attached.

A support member 32 provided on the side of the ascending / descending float 11 and projecting upward is provided with a first link arm 28.
And the first support fulcrum shaft 3 at the end of the second link arm 31.
3, the lifting float 11a is pivotally supported via the second support fulcrum shaft 34, and is attached to the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 so as to be liftable and lowerable. That is, the lifting float 11a is attached to the bracket 2
6 and a first link arm 28 rotatably supported by the second
The link arm 31 is attached to a parallel link mechanism that is configured to pivotally support a support member 32. In other words, a pivotal fulcrum (first support fulcrum shaft 33, second support shaft) of the parallel link mechanism on the support member 32 side. The fulcrum shaft 34) is the seeding fertilizer application device 7
It becomes a movable fulcrum that moves up and down with respect to the movable fulcrum (first support fulcrum shaft 33, fulcrum shaft 34D) and ascends and descends the float 11
a is supported.

At this time, the support member 26 is attached to the first fulcrum shaft 27.
Besides, the movement restricting arm 36 is also rotatably supported, and the fulcrum shaft moving part 3 is provided on the end side of the movement restricting arm 36.
6a is provided, and the second fulcrum shaft 29 is slidably inserted into the fulcrum shaft moving portion 36a. With this structure, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the vertical lifting range of the lifting float 11a is restricted. That is, FIG. 5B shows the lower limit of the lifting range of the lifting float 11a by the second fulcrum shaft 29 coming into contact with the upper end of the fulcrum shaft moving portion 36a as shown in FIG. 5A. As described above, the second fulcrum shaft 29 comes into contact with the lower end of the fulcrum shaft moving portion 36a, so that the upper limit of the lifting range is determined. The bracket 26 and the support member 32 do not come into contact with each other at the upper and lower positions of the lifting float 11a shown in FIG. 5B.

A torsion spring 37 is externally fitted to the first fulcrum shaft 27 inside the first link arm 28 having a substantially U-shaped cross section as shown in FIG.
One end of the torsion spring 37 is held by a holding portion 38 provided on the bracket 26 side, and the other end is attached to the first link arm 28 side, so that the torsion spring 37 always moves the first link arm 28 downward. I am biased. That is, the torsion spring 37 constantly urges the first link arm 28 downward to urge the elevating float 11a downward (field side) as an elastic means provided on the movable fulcrum (first support fulcrum shaft 33) side. are doing.

Next, a method of attaching the swing float 11b to the fixed fulcrum will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the oscillating float 11b is provided with a support member 32 on the oscillating float 11b side which is rotated at a rear end of the bracket 26 on the sowing and fertilizing frame 24 side via a first fulcrum shaft 27 which is a fixed fulcrum. It is supported freely, and the swing float 11b can swing up and down about the first fulcrum shaft 27.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The float that supports the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 at a substantially central position in the left-right direction is configured as a swinging float 11b, and the other floats are configured as an elevating float 11a. At this time, the overall length L of the swing float 11b in the front-rear direction is longer than the overall length 1 of the elevating float 11a in the front-rear direction. On the other hand, in the seeding machine 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, an automatic hydraulic mechanism for detecting the posture of the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 with respect to the field scene and controlling the posture of the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 based on this is detected. A hydraulic pressure sensing mechanism 39 is provided for switching and maintaining the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 in a constant posture with respect to the field scene.

The swinging float 11b is connected to the link mechanism 4
1 is connected to the hydraulic pressure sensing mechanism 39 side, and the link mechanism 41 transmits the inclination of the swinging float 11b to the hydraulic pressure sensing mechanism 39 side, so that the hydraulic pressure sensing mechanism 39 is in operation during the operation of the seed fertilizer application device 7. It has a structure to detect the posture. That is, the link mechanism 41 is attached to the oscillating float 11b, and a sensor portion for detecting the posture of the seeding and fertilizing device 7 of the oil pressure sensing mechanism 39 during operation is configured.

In the sowing machine 1 of the present invention having the above-described structure, the sowing and fertilizing apparatus 7 is moved down by the elevating link 6 so that the float 11 (the swinging float 11b and the elevating float 11a) comes into contact with the field scene. Airframe 4 to transmission shaft 8
When the traveling machine body 4 travels, the float 11 is pulled by the traveling machine body 4 to level the ground while sliding in the field scene, and at the same time, the seeding groove grooving device 19 and the fertilizing groove grooving device 21 are used for sowing grooves and Fertilization and sowing work is performed by forming a fertilization groove, discharging seeds and fertilizer into the sowing groove and the fertilization groove as described above, and suppressing the pressure inside the seeded sowing yard with the pressure suppressing wheel 22.

At this time, the oscillating float 11b supports the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 by a fixed fulcrum (first fulcrum shaft 27), so that the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 can be moved as a movable fulcrum (first supporting fulcrum shaft 3).
3, lifting float 11 supported by the second support fulcrum shaft 34)
The seeding fertilizer application device 7 is supported more stably than a. Therefore, the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 is stably and reliably supported on the field by the swinging float 11b, and the seeding and fertilizing work can be stably performed. In particular, since the oscillating float 11b supports the seeding and fertilizing device 7 at the substantially left-right center position, the sowing and fertilizing device 7 can be stably supported even if there is only one oscillating float 11b.

On the other hand, during the field work of the seeder 1, the elevation float 11a simultaneously moves up and down at the front and rear ends to follow the field scene due to the unevenness of the field. Therefore, the followability of the bottom surface of the elevating float 11a to the field is stable and improved as compared with the float of the conventional seeder, so that the distance between the sowing section and the fertilizer section provided on the elevating float 11a side and the field scene is small. It is relatively stable, and the seeding depth and fertilization depth are almost constant, and sowing and fertilization can be performed at a uniform depth. In particular, since the elevating float 11a is biased toward the field by the torsion spring 37, the elevating float 11a more reliably follows the surface of the field, and the elevating float 11a is pressed against the field by the biasing force of the torsion spring 37. The seeding groove and the fertilizer application groove are more stable in depth, and the uniformity of the seeding depth and the fertilizer application depth is further improved.

Since the sown seeds are buried at a predetermined depth by the crushing wheel 22, the germination becomes good,
Floating seedlings and octopus seedlings are reduced, the seedling establishment rate is improved and lodging is prevented. Moreover, since the crushing wheel 22 forms a crushing groove wider than the sowing groove above the seed, a large amount of soil is not covered on the seed, and the germination rate and the seedling standing rate are improved. When the seeds germinated and the seedlings grew to some extent,
The widely formed repression groove collapses naturally and covers the root of the seedling,
Lodging is prevented.

Further, in the elevating float 11a, the front and rear ends simultaneously ascend and descend to follow the field scene, as described above.
The ability to follow the field scene is not so much related to the length of the lifting float 11a (even if the lifting float 11a is relatively short, it follows the field scene). Therefore, the elevating float 11a can be made relatively short, and the traveling performance of the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 on the field scene can be improved. In particular, in the present embodiment, only the substantially central float 11 is the swing float 11b, and all the other floats 11 are lifting floats 11a, so that the sowing and fertilizing apparatus has a higher followability to the field scene than the conventional one. However, since a relatively large number of raising and lowering floats 11a are used, by shortening the raising and lowering floats 11a as described above, the seeding fertilizer application device 7 having a low frictional force with the field and having a higher traveling property. Can be configured.

The oscillating float 11b has the same ability to follow the field scene as the conventional oscillating float, but since the overall length is relatively long as described above, the unevenness of the field is not achieved. On the other hand, the oscillating float 11b does not extremely tilt, and the sowing and fertilizing depth does not change extremely.
When the traveling body 4 tilts up and down or tilts left and right due to ups and downs of the cultivator, etc. by providing the sensor part of the hydraulic pressure sensing mechanism 39 as described above on the swinging float 11b that stably supports the seeding and fertilizing device 7. The misalignment of the posture of the sowing / fertilizing apparatus 7 can be detected more accurately, and the sowing / fertilizing apparatus 7 is controlled so as to always be in a state substantially parallel to the field scene. Therefore, the seeding groove and the fertilizing groove formed by the seeding groove grooving device 19 and the fertilizing groove grooving device 21 have substantially constant widths and depths.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, in order to support the seeding and fertilizing device 7 more stably on the field, the floats on the left and right sides of the float 11 which supports the seeding and fertilizing device 7 are used as rocking floats 11b. Float up and down float 1
It may be 1a. In this case, the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 is less able to follow the field than that of the above-described embodiment (because the number of the elevating floats 11a is reduced), but the work can be performed with more stable support.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
The floats on the left and right sides and the center of the float 11 that supports the float may be used as the swing float 11b, and the other floats may be used as the lift float 11a. In this case, as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the support stability of the seeding and fertilizing apparatus 7 is further improved, and the sensor part of the oil pressure detecting mechanism is provided in the central swing float 11b, so that the oil pressure detecting mechanism is further improved. Can be operated accurately. In any of the above-described embodiments, since the float located behind the rear wheel 3 of the traveling machine body 4 is the ascending / descending float 11a, the trace of the rear wheel 3 remaining in the field is sufficiently smoothed and erased. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the bad influence of the trail of the rear wheel in the sowing and fertilizing work.

[0028]

According to the present invention having the above-described structure, the ascending / descending float with the movable fulcrum as a fulcrum simultaneously moves up and down at the front and rear ends with respect to the unevenness of the field. The followability is stable and improved. For this reason, the distance between the seeding part that is actually provided in the sowing device and is actually sowed (striped or spotted) in the field is relatively stable,
The seeding depth is almost constant, and there is an effect that seeding with a uniform depth can be performed.

At this time, if the elevating float is biased toward the field side by the elastic means, the elevating float more reliably follows the surface of the field, and the seeding device (elevating float) is moved toward the field side by the biasing force of the elastic means. It is possible to perform more stable seeding by being pressed against. Also, since the rocking float supports the seeding device by a fixed fulcrum, the seeding device is supported more stably than the lifting float that is supported by a movable fulcrum, and the seeding device is stably and reliably supported on the field by this rocking float. To be done.

Further, by making the float that supports the seeding device at a substantially central position in the left-right direction an oscillating float, stable support of the seeding device is performed by this one oscillating float, and the other floats are made up and down floats. Therefore, it is possible to configure a seeding device having higher followability to a field scene. The attitude of the seeding device is relatively accurately controlled by providing the sensor unit of the sensing mechanism in the float at the central position, which can more accurately detect the misalignment of the position of the seeding device caused by the field conditions and the like. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a left side view of a seeder.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the main part of the seeding and fertilizing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the seeding and fertilizing apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a left side view showing a state where the swinging float is attached to the seeding and fertilizing apparatus.

5 (a) and 5 (b) are left side views showing the ascending / descending state of the ascending / descending float.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the main part of the ascending / descending float showing the mounting state of the torsion spring.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state of a float.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a hydraulic pressure sensing mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the state of another float.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state of another float.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 sowing machine 4 traveling machine body 7 sowing fertilizer application (seeding device) 11 float 11a lifting float 11b rocking float 27 first fulcrum shaft (fixed fulcrum) 33 first supporting fulcrum shaft (movable fulcrum) 34 second supporting fulcrum shaft (movable) Support point 37 Torsion spring (elastic means) 39 Hydraulic pressure sensing mechanism (sensing mechanism)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A seeding machine (1) is constructed by connecting a seeding device (7) for performing row-seeding and spot-seeding in a row in a field with traveling of the traveling machine body (4) to the traveling machine body (4). A plurality of floats (11) supporting the seeding device (7) in a field scene are provided below the seeding device (7), and the position of the float (11) is fixed with respect to the seeding device (7). It is possible to move up and down to an oscillating float (11b) which is vertically swingably attached around the fixed fulcrum (27) and movable fulcrums (33) and (34) which move up and down with respect to the seeding device (7). There are two types of lifting floats (11a) attached to the lifting floats (11a) on the movable fulcrum (33) side.
A float device in a seeder provided with an elastic means (37) for urging a) toward the field side. 2. A sowing device (7) during a sowing operation, wherein the float provided at a substantially central position in the left-right direction of the sowing device (7) is an oscillating float (11b). The float device in the seeder according to claim 1, further comprising a sensor unit of a sensing mechanism (39) for controlling the posture of the plant.