JP3810503B2 - Electric vehicle - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electric vehicle, and an operation panel mounting structure related to electric control.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With the widespread use of greenhouses, melons have been actively cultivated even in cold regions. Large-scale greenhouses are 50 to 100 meters long in order to expect a large yield, and mechanical power is required to move fertilizers, seedlings, and crops.
Conventionally, a tractor and a cultivator have been used. However, since the prime mover is an internal combustion engine (gasoline engine, diesel engine), exhaust gas is trapped in the house, which is not preferable in terms of work environment sanitation. Moreover, since tractors and cultivators are basically agricultural machines suitable for outdoor work, the handling performance in a narrow house is not good.
[0003]
Therefore, for example, the use of the “electric carrier” disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-31502 was examined. As shown in FIG. 1 of the same publication, this electric transporter includes a load carrier frame 1 composed of lower frames 2, 2 ′ and vertical frames 3, 3 ′, electric motors 4, 4 ′, front wheels 11, 11 ′ and Rear wheels 17 and 17 'are attached. As shown in FIG. 2, the front left wheel 11 is driven by the electric motor 4 through the chain and the sprocket, and the front right wheel 11 ′ is driven by the electric motor 4 ′ through the chain and the sprocket. This is an electric vehicle including wheels 17 and 17 'and batteries 15 and 15' between front and rear wheels. The electric motors 4 and 4 ′ can be controlled independently by operating the switch box 16 (FIG. 1 of the publication) to turn the airframe.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As is clear from FIG. 1, the electric vehicle of the above publication is easy to operate because the switch box 16 is attached to the upper end of the handle 18, but the switch and the grip are very close. The switch may be accidentally touched during operation of the handle 18. In particular, it becomes conspicuous when fine adjustment of the direction of the vehicle body is performed manually without depending on the electric motors 4 and 4 '.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an operation panel mounting structure that does not accidentally touch a switch even when an operation handle is strongly operated.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, claim 1 is characterized in that an operation panel having switches and the like is arranged between the left and right operation handles, below the upper surface of the loading platform and at the rear of the loading platform.
Since the operation panel is disposed between the left and right operation handles, the operation handle serves as a guard member. And since the operation panel was arrange | positioned below the upper surface of a loading platform, even if a load overhangs from a loading platform, there is no fear that a load will hit an operation panel. In addition, since the operation panel is arranged at the rear of the loading platform, the operator can easily view the instrument.
[0006]
A second aspect is characterized in that the operation panel is attached to the loading platform in the first aspect.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are viewed in the direction of the reference numerals. “Left” and “right” are directions viewed from the operator, “front” is the forward side, “rear” is the opposite side, L is attached to the left member, and R is attached to the right member.
[0008]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electric vehicle according to the present invention, and the electric vehicle 1 is a four-wheel vehicle including left and right front wheels 2L and 2R and left and right rear wheels 3L and 3R (3R is not shown). Batteries 4L and 4R (the right battery 4R is not shown) are provided between the front and rear wheels, and the frame frame 6 is bolted to the front part of the loading platform 5 extending forward and backward (... indicates a plurality. Similarly, the rails 8 and 8 are attached to the frame frame 6 and the rear surface of the loading platform 5, the operation handles 9L and 9R are extended obliquely upward from the rear wheels 3 and 3, and the brake lever is attached to the left handle 9L. 11. A shift lever 12 is attached to the right handle 9R.
[0009]
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the lower structure of the electric vehicle according to the present invention. The vehicle body frame 20 includes a motor mount base 22, an outer cylinder 23, and a gear case mount base 24 from the top to the front of the main frame 21. The battery support pieces 25 and 26 are provided at the center, and the torii type rear frame 27 is provided at the rear. The rear frame 27 includes a pair of left and right vertical frames 29L and 29R that support the rear axle 28, and a horizontal frame 31 that directly receives the cargo bed.
[0010]
The rear wheel axle 28 is a non-rotating shaft, and after inserting the base portions 32 and 32 of the operation handles 9L and 9R, the rear wheels 3L and 3R can be attached with washers 33 and 33 and bolts 34 and 34. The rear wheels 3L and 3R are free rotating wheels. The handles 9L and 9R are tilt handles that can tilt about the rear wheel axle 28 and are bolted to the intermediate pieces 35 and 35 (one not shown) on a loading platform (not shown).
[0011]
Holes 25a and 25b are formed in the battery support piece 25. Similarly, holes 26a and 26b are formed in the battery support piece 26. One end of the battery cage 37 is inserted into the front holes 25a and 26a, and the battery cage 37 is inserted into the holes 25a and 25a. The hole 26a can be tilted about the fulcrum. A right battery cage (not shown) can be attached to the holes 25b and 26b.
[0012]
Next, the front wheel drive system will be described.
The electric transport vehicle of the present invention is characterized in that the front wheels 2L and 2R are driven by the electric motor 38 through the shaft direct drive system 40. Since no chain or belt is used, there is no starting shock and a large torque can be transmitted to the front wheels 2L, 2R, and smooth and powerful running can be achieved.
The shaft direct drive system 40 for this purpose will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5, but a relay shaft 41 into which the output shaft 38a can be inserted, a pinion bevel gear 42 attached to the lower end of the shaft 41, and the pinion bevel gear 42. A large-diameter bevel gear 43 that meshes with each other, a front wheel axle 44 that is spline-coupled to the large-diameter bevel gear 43, and wheel connecting brackets 45 and 45 are included.
[0013]
The wheel connecting bracket 45 has a square flange 47 attached to a pipe 46, and the front wheel 2 </ b> L or 2 </ b> R is attached to the square flange 47 with a bolt 48... And the pipe 46 is fitted to one end of the front wheel axle 44. It is an attachment to be fixed. For example, by opening a plurality of bolt holes 46a... In the pipe 46, the insertion depth of the pipe 46 can be changed to change the distance between the front wheels 2L, 2R (front wheel tread). it can.
In the figure, bearings and oil seals are omitted.
[0014]
FIG. 3 is a side view of the electric vehicle according to the present invention, in which the loading platform 5 is gently tilted forward and the loading frame 5 is directly received by the motor case 38b of the electric motor 38. The motor shaft L2 is generally disposed on the vertical line L passing through the front wheel axle 44, the hanger bolt 51 for hanging the free end of the battery cage 37 is attached to the loading platform 5, the operation handle 9L This shows that the piece 35 is fixed to the handle bracket 52 extending from the loading platform 5 with a bolt 53. The same applies to the operation handle 9R (not shown).
By opening a plurality of bolt holes 52a in the bracket 52, the height of the grip from the ground can be adjusted by changing the mounting angle of the handles 9L and 9R by replacing the bolts 53.
[0015]
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the electric transport vehicle according to the present invention, and the loading platform 5 is an elongated flat plate that substantially covers the front wheels 2L and 2R, the batteries 4L and 4R, and the rear wheels 3L and 3R. , 8 is an enlargement of the loadable area, which is suitable for placing a case or box with a bottom. Since the area of the loading platform 5 is significantly reduced with respect to the loadable area, the weight of the loading platform 5 can be reduced. However, since the loading platform 5 can be expanded to the area enclosed by the fences 8 and 8, the loading platform 5, the frame frame 6 and the fences 8 and 8 may be arbitrarily determined according to the application.
[0016]
An operation panel 55 facing the operator is attached to the rear edge of the loading platform 5, and a main switch 56, a forward / reverse switching switch 57, and a battery remaining amount meter 58 are attached to the operation panel 55.
59 are bolts for connecting the carrier 5 and the motor case 38b, 61 and 61 are bolts for connecting the carrier 5 and the lateral frame 31 of FIG. 2, and 62 and 62 are inspections of the batteries 4L and 4R. It is a hole. Although not described in detail, the batteries 4L and 4R of the present embodiment have a battery remaining amount display function in which the color changes according to the remaining amount of the battery, and the color can be seen from above through the inspection holes 62 and 62. .
[0017]
FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the shaft direct drive system according to the present invention. As described in FIG. 2, the shaft direct drive system 40 is attached to the relay shaft 41 into which the output shaft 38a can be inserted and the lower end of this shaft. The pinion bevel gear 42, a large-diameter bevel gear 43 that meshes with the pinion bevel gear 42, a front wheel axle 44 that is spline-coupled to the large-diameter bevel gear 43, and wheel connecting brackets 45 and 45. 22 is a motor mount base, 24 is a gear case mount base, 63 is a gear case, 64, 64 and 64 are bearings, and 65 and 65 are oil seals.
[0018]
The loading platform 5 indicated by the imaginary line is fixed to the motor case 38b with bolts 59..., But a channel 66 is passed to the bottom of the loading platform 5 and the bolts 59. .. The head of does not protrude from the upper surface of the loading platform 5.
Further, the mechanism on the left side of the gear case 63 is a brake mechanism 70 (details are omitted).
[0019]
FIG. 6 is an operation panel mounting view (first embodiment) according to the present invention, and the mounting state of the operation panel 55 described briefly in FIG. 4 will be described in detail.
The operation panel 55 to which the main switch 56, the forward / reverse changeover switch 57, and the battery remaining amount meter 58 are attached is attached in a form extending obliquely downward from the rear part of the loading platform 5.
In the first embodiment, the handle brackets 52 and 52 for connecting the operation handles 9L and 9R to the loading platform 5 side are provided in a form projecting obliquely rearward from the loading platform 5, so that the handle brackets 52 and 52 The operation panel 55 is sandwiched.
[0020]
Incidentally, there is two to join the form of operating panel 5 5.
a, The operation panel 55 is coupled to the loading platform 5, but is cut off from the handle brackets 52, 52 (not welded or bolted). Since the operating force of the operation handles 9L, 9R is not directly transmitted to the operation panel 55, there is no fear that harmful external force or vibration acts on the instruments of the operation panel 55.
b. The operation panel 55 is coupled to the loading platform 5 and also coupled to the handle brackets 52 and 52. Since the operation panel 55 serves as a reinforcing material, the mounting rigidity of the handle brackets 52 and 52 with respect to the loading platform 5 is increased. Therefore, the handle brackets 52 and 52 can withstand a sufficiently large external force.
What is necessary is just to select the above a and b suitably according to use conditions.
[0021]
In the first embodiment, as apparent from the figure, the operation panel 55 is disposed between the left and right operation handles 9L, 9R, so that the operation handles 9L, 9R serve as guard members, Malfunctions can be prevented.
Since the operation panel 55 is arranged below the upper surface of the loading platform 5, even if a load is overhanging from the loading platform 5, there is no fear that the load will hit the operation panel 55, and a long luggage can be loaded.
Furthermore, since the operation panel 55 is disposed at the rear part of the loading platform 5 in a posture toward the worker, the worker can easily see the instruments.
[0022]
Next, the operation of the electric vehicle described above will be described.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are explanatory views of the operation of the electric transport vehicle.
(A) shows the electric transport vehicle 1 moving forward from the right to the left in the state where three loads W are stacked. The operation handles 9L and 9R can be changed from a solid line position to an imaginary line position or vice versa according to the preference of the operator.
The angle formed by the tangent L2 of the front wheel 2L passing through the tip of the loading platform 5 and the ground corresponds to the approach angle θ. This approach angle θ is a kind of numerical value indicating, for example, how close the convex portion 84 and the bank 85 can be approached, and indicates that the angle θ can approach the bank 85 and the like as the angle θ approaches 90 °. On the other hand, as the angle θ increases, the cargo bed area decreases.
In this embodiment, since the electric motor 38 is disposed above the front wheel axle 44, a sufficient approach angle can be secured.
[0023]
In (b), the operation handles 9L and 9R are lifted and the rear wheels 3L and 3R are lifted by δ. In this state, the direction is corrected by turning only with the front wheels 2L and 2R as indicated by the arrows (1) or (2). do it. Since the operation handles 9L and 9R extend obliquely upward, it is possible to apply an upward force to the rear portion of the loading platform 5 and to apply a horizontal force in the front and back direction of the drawing to the rear portion of the loading platform 5.
In this manner, since the operation handles 9L and 9R are extended rearward and obliquely upward from the loading platform 5, a turn for changing the direction can be performed very easily.
[0024]
FIG. 8 is an operation panel attachment diagram ( reference example ) according to the present invention, showing an example in which the operation panel 55 is directly attached to the operation handles 9L and 9R.
9 is an arrow 9-9 view of FIG. 8, and pieces 68 and 68 are attached inwardly to the operation handles 9L and 9R, and an operation panel 55 is attached to these pieces 68 and 68 with bolts 69 and 69.
[0025]
Since the operation panel 55 is disposed between the left and right operation handles 9L, 9R, the operation handles 9L, 9R serve as a guard member, and malfunction of switches can be prevented.
Since the operation panel 55 is directly supported by the operation handles 9L and 9R, the position of the operation panel 55 can be arbitrarily set between the base of the operation handle and the grip, and the degree of design freedom increases.
If the pieces 68 and 68 are attached to the operation handles 9L and 9R via the bands, the pieces 68 and 68 can be moved in the axial direction of the operation handles 9L and 9R. Accordingly, it is possible to change the position of the operation panel 55 at the judgment of the user (operator) .
[0026]
The operation panel 55 is a panel on which a device for controlling the electric motor 38 is mounted, and the contents, arrangement, and number of switches and instruments are not limited to those in the embodiment, and are arbitrary.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention exhibits the following effects by the above configuration.
The first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that an operation panel including switches is disposed between the left and right operation handles, below the upper surface of the loading platform and at the rear of the loading platform.
Since the operation panel is disposed between the left and right operation handles, the operation handle serves as a guard member. And since the operation panel was arrange | positioned below the upper surface of a loading platform, even if a load overhangs from a loading platform, there is no fear that a load will hit an operation panel. In addition, since the operation panel is arranged at the rear of the loading platform, the operator can easily view the instrument.
[0028]
A second aspect is characterized in that the operation panel is attached to the loading platform in the first aspect.
In the second aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the operation panel is coupled to the loading platform, but when the edge of the operation panel is cut (not welded or bolted), the operating force of the operation handle is applied to the operation panel. Since it is not transmitted directly, there is no concern that harmful external force or vibration will affect the instrument panel.
In addition, when the operation panel is coupled to the loading platform and coupled to the handle, the operation panel serves as a reinforcing material, so that the attachment rigidity of the handle (handle bracket) to the loading platform is increased. Therefore, the handle (handle bracket) can withstand a sufficiently large external force.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electric vehicle according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a lower structure of the electric vehicle according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a side view of the electric vehicle according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a shaft direct drive system according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is an operation panel installation diagram according to the present invention (first embodiment).
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the electric transport vehicle according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is an operation panel installation diagram according to the present invention ( reference example ).
9 is a view taken along arrow 9-9 in FIG. 8. [Explanation of Symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Electric vehicle, 2L, 2R ... Front wheel, 3L, 3R ... Rear wheel, 4L, 4R ... Battery, 5 ... Loading platform, 9L, 9R ... Operation handle, 20 ... Body frame, 38 ... Electric motor, 52 ... Handle bracket , 53 ... bolts, 55 ... operation panel, 56 ... main switch, 57 ... forward / reverse selector switch, 58 ... battery remaining amount meter.

Claims (2)

  Left and right front wheels at the front of the body frame, left and right rear wheels at the rear, left and right operation handles extending rearward and upward from the rear of the body, an electric motor as a power source between the front wheels, and above the body frame In an electric vehicle with a loading platform, below the loading platform, on the side of the body frame and with a battery between the front and rear wheels, the transportation vehicle is located between the left and right operating handles below the upper surface of the loading platform and the loading platform. An electric transport vehicle having an operation panel provided with switches at the rear thereof. The electric transport vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the operation panel is attached to the cargo bed.

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