JP3806994B2 - Rotary tillage device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rear cover support device for a rotary tiller. The present invention relates to a rear cover support device, and more particularly to a main cover that covers an upper portion of a rotary tiller so as to support a rear cover attached to the rear of the main cover so as to maintain leveling performance.
[0002]
[Background Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
In conventional rotary tillers, the rear cover is attached to the main cover that covers the top of the tiller via the left and right shafts, which are hinges. When the clot collides, the entire rear cover escapes backwards, and if the rear cover repeatedly moves back and forth due to the collision, the rear edge of the rear cover repeats up and down on the ground surface, which easily causes unevenness on the ground surface. The leveling performance was liable to decrease.
[0003]
And the conventional ones have been digging and cultivating at a speed of about 2 km / h for excavation work, but in recent years, there has been an increase in work efficiency by cultivating at a speed exceeding 3 km / h. . In this case, the momentum of the excavated cultivated soil block coming into contact with the rear cover has further increased, and the rearward escape of the rear cover has increased. In this way, when the cultivated soil mass collided strongly, the rear edge of the rear cover further moved up and down, and the surface of the cultivated soil mass was bagged in an uneven shape, and the leveling performance was not good.
[0004]
Thereafter, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-41008, a wide elastic plate is attached to the rear end of the main cover, and a plurality of divided flat plates are connected to the rear end of the elastic plate. It is. The one that presses and supports the flat plate with only such an elastic plate can not move the mud without pressing the elastic plate to some extent, and if it is too strong, the rotary tillage device tilts left and right, etc. In addition, there is a problem that a step is generated in an overlapping portion of the topsoil with the right / left slope.
In addition, during tillage work, the rear end grounding surface of the rear cover 4 moves up and down depending on the amount of tillage mud soil, and there is one that measures this up and down movement with a central potentiometer that is a rotary angle sensor. The rear cover of the conventional product is attached to the main cover with a hinge, so that only the vertical angle fluctuation occurs, and the potentiometer is installed at any position in the width direction as long as it is the rear end of the main cover. Even accurately detected the angle. However, since the angle of the rear cover changes in all directions with the swing support portion as the swing center, a central potentiometer is attached in the vicinity of the swing support portion to prevent an error from occurring as much as the detection angle.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is intended to solve such problems of the conventional apparatus, and has taken the following technical means. That is, the upper portion of the tillage pipe (2) to which a plurality of tillage blades (1, 1 ...) is attached is covered with the main cover (3), and the rear cover (4) has a space behind the main cover (3). ), The space between the main cover (3) and the rear cover (4) is integrally connected by a wide elastic plate (6), and a horizontal axis ( 34) a main rod (8) is projected rearward from a swinging support portion (7) provided so as to be swingable with respect to the rear support (4), and a rear cover (4) is attached to the projecting end, and the main cover (3) In the rotary tiller device in which the upper and lower ends are connected via a sub-rod (9) that is pivotally attached (10) between the rear left and right side portions and the rear cover (4), it is substantially the same as the left and right axis (34). By aligning the axis of the rotation axis (57) of the angle sensor (55) on the virtual extension axis, the angle sensor 55) is attached to the main cover (3), and the rotation shaft (57) of the angle sensor (55) is linked to the vertical movement of the main rod (8), but not to the horizontal movement of the rear view. In the vicinity of the swing support portion (7), the swing plate (59) on the main rod (8) side and the arm (58) on the rotating shaft (57) side are linked to measure the vertical movement of the rear cover (4). This is the rotary tiller.
[0006]
【Example】
The illustrated example is a rotary tiller 5 that is attached to the rear part of an agricultural tractor body 40 so as to be movable up and down, and excavates and travels on the soil surface. The present invention is folded into a rear cover 4 that covers the rear part of the rotary tiller 5. It is out. The rotary tiller 5 has a front end of a top link 12 pivotally supported by a hitch 11 portion in the center in the left-right direction, which is fixed above the rear end of the agricultural tractor body 40, and a mast 13 at the rear end of the top link 12. The front end of Further, the front end portions of the lower links 14 and 14 are pivotally supported at the rear left and right lower portions of the tractor body 40. At the rear end of the lower link 14, support plates 18 and 18 fixed to the beams 16 and 17 projecting to the left and right sides from the transmission case 15 in the vicinity of the center in the left and right direction are attached. The lower ends of the left and right lift rods 19, 19 are attached to the midway part. The upper ends of the lift rods 19, 19 are attached to the projecting rear ends of lift arms 20, 20 provided above the rear part of the machine body 40, and the rotary tiller 5 is moved up and down by rotating the lift arm 20 up and down. It is possible.
[0007]
A mast 13 is pivotally supported on the transmission case 15 in the vicinity of the center, and a midway portion of the mast 13 and the support plates 18 and 18 are reinforced and connected by left and right reinforcing links 21 and 21. A side plate 22 is fixed to the right beam 17 side end, and a side transmission case 23 is fixed to the left beam 16 side end. Between the side plate 22 and the lower end of the side transmission case 23, the tilling pipe 2 is pivoted in the left-right direction, and the tilling blades 1, 1. . Nail holders 24, 24. . Are welded.
[0008]
The tillage pipe 2 is driven by the rotational force transmitted from the PTO shaft 28 projecting from the rear end 40 of the agricultural tractor body 40 to the input shaft 30 of the transmission case 15 near the center via the universal joint 29. Although not shown, the driving force input from the input shaft 30 is transmitted from the transmission shaft in the left beam 16 to the upper sprocket in the side transmission case 23 through the bevel gear, and from the upper sprocket to the lower tillage pipe through the chain. Normal drive transmission is used to drive the lower sprocket at the two side ends. With the driving rotation of the tillage pipe 2, the tilling blades 1,1. . Cultivation blades rotating in the direction of the arrow “I” in order to prevent the cultivated soil from scattering upward due to excavation 1,1. . . . The top cover is covered with the main cover 3 above the rotation locus. In addition, the space between the main cover 3 and the rear cover 4 that covers the rear is spaced apart from the upper end and the lower end of the wide elastic plate 6 that is approximately the same width as both. The cover 3 is integrally attached to the rear end portion of the rear cover 4 and the front end portion of the rear cover 4 via fasteners such as bolts and nuts. As a result, the rotating blade 1, 1. . . It covers the whole of the rear direction from the top.
[0009]
In this state, the rear cover 4 is only attached to the main cover 3 via the elastic plate 6, and excavation mud scattered during the operation hits the rear cover 4, or the excavation mud mud is moved along with the advance of the agricultural tractor body 40. Due to the surface unevenness, the vertical movement, the horizontal movement, and the twisting movement of the rear cover 4 are supported, regulated and restored by the elastic force of the elastic plate 6. For example, if the elastic plate 6 has a weak elastic force like a canvas, the movement of the rear cover 4 is not restricted and the position variation of the rear cover 4 becomes severe. If the elastic plate 6 has a strong elastic force like a leaf spring, the mounting posture of the rear cover 4 becomes a fixed posture. The elastic plate 6 of the present invention is lowered until the rear end portion of the rear cover 4 is freely grounded to the ground side by the gravity of the rear cover 4. In addition, with respect to changes in the repulsive force due to the inertial force of the cultivated soil and the unevenness on the ground contact surface side, the rear cover 4 is not restricted from moving up and down in the side view, left and right up and down in the rear view, and combined twisting movement. The elastic plate has a resilient force, and the space between the main cover 3 and the rear cover 4 is connected in the front-rear direction.
[0010]
In this configuration, the rear cover 4 is free to be controlled in a vertical and vertical direction in the side view, in the left and right direction in the rear view, and combined torsional movement. ing. On the upper surface of the rear end portion of the main cover 3, a central metal fitting 31 protrudes from the central portion in the left-right direction, and side metal fittings 32, 32 protrude from the left and right sides. Furthermore, stays 33, 33 are provided between the central bracket 31 and the side bracket 32.
[0011]
The central metal part 31 and the side metal parts 32 are “U” -shaped metal parts having a pair of wall surfaces opened upward, and shafts 34, 34. . Is opened in such a way that the core is aligned at substantially the same position in a side view. A front end portion of the main rod 8 having a swing support portion 7 that can swing freely like a link ball at the front end portion is attached to the central metal fitting 31 by a shaft 34. The main rod 8 has a bifurcated branch 8a at the rear end, and the branch 8a is fixed to a main frame 35 provided in the rear cover 4 in the vertical direction by bolts, nuts, welding or the like. The rear cover 4 is a thin plate made of iron plate, and is suspended over the entire width of about 2 m of the rotary tiller 5. Maintains strength in the direction. The strength of the rear cover 4 in the front-rear direction is maintained by the above-described main frames 35 and 35 and the sub-frames 37 and 37 provided in the vertical direction at the left and right ends of the rear cover 4. The main frame 35 and the sub-frame 37 are thin steel plates each having a “U” shape in the lower opening, and are reinforcement frames integrated by welding the opening side along the upper surface of the rear cover 4.
[0012]
The rear cover 4 has a swing support portion 7 at the front end portion of the main rod 8 as a swing center, and a vertical twist in a side view, a left and right vertical shift in a rear view, and a combined twist over a range allowed by a wide elastic plate 6. Is possible with respect to the main cover 3. And with the left and right sub rods 9, 9, the left and right receivers 38, 38 provided at the front end of the sub frame 37 of the rear cover 4 and the side fittings 32, 32 provided on the left and right sides of the main cover 3 are supplementarily provided. The sub-rods 9 and 9 restrict the large movement of the rear cover 4. The sub rods 9 and 9 have left and right through holes at the front end and the rear end, and the relative dimensional difference of the gaps 10 and 10 that are axially attached to the through holes is changed to a long hole or a large diameter. Oscillation can be facilitated as the difference is increased by a hole or the like.
[0013]
In the illustrated example, lower stays 39 and 39 are respectively provided on the upper surface of the main frame 35, and a push-pull rod is provided between the lower stay 39 and the above-described upper stay 33 as shown in FIG. 41 is attached to adjust the lower limit of swinging of the rear cover 4 and the applied pressure during upward movement. This structure will be described in detail. Legs 43, 43 of the top 42 are supported at the tip of the stay 33 that protrudes rearward integrally from the main cover 3, and is inserted into a vertically penetrating hole 44 provided in the top 42. An upper part of the push-pull rod 41 is attached in a penetrating manner, an upper locking tool 49 is attached to the protruding upper end part via a pressing spring 48, and a lower end part of the push-pull rod 41 is pivotally attached 47 to the lower stay 39 with a pin. Further, a plurality of locking grooves 45, 45. . . When the stopper 46 is pushed into the locking groove 45 and the push-pull rod 41 is fixed to the top 42 portion, the vertical movement of the rear cover 4 is fixed, and when the stopper 46 is released as shown in FIG. Is moved in the hole 44 of the top 42 according to the vertical movement of the rear cover 4 and is supported by the leg 43 so as to be swingable. Further, a lower pressing spring 50 and a lower locking tool 51 are attached to the outer periphery of the push-pull rod 41 between the top 42 and the shaft 47, and the lower locking tool 51 is positioned at a position where the lower end of the lower pressing spring 50 is pressed against the top 42. By adjusting the position upward, the ground pressure of the rear cover 4 can be adjusted to the pressurizing side. If the fixed position of the upper lock 49 is adjusted by sliding downward on the outer periphery of the push-pull rod 41, the lower limit position of the rear cover 4 can be changed and adjusted to the high position.
[0014]
FIG. 6 is a perspective view in which only the main part of the above example is disclosed, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are other examples of corresponding parts, which will be described below. FIG. 6 shows a bifurcated branch 8a, 8a portion at the rear end portion of the main rod 8 and a front end portion of the main frame 35, 35 of the rear cover 4 that are detachable. The fixing holes 53, 53 of the main frames 35, 35 are detachably attached via bolts and nuts (not shown), and the form of the rear cover 4 is the center opening / closing plate 25 and the side opening / closing plates 26, 26 shown in FIG. If the center opening / closing plate 25 or the side opening / closing plate 26 is removed by exchanging with the rear cover 4a, the space for attaching the erecting device is created in this portion. . A separate working part is attached at a position close to, so that the uprighting work can be performed stably. When the uprighting work is not performed, the opening / closing plates 25 and 26 can be attached to perform the normal work as the rear cover 4. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the rotary tiller 5 is separately used for the scraping work or the like by replacing the flat plate 27 at the rear end with a rear cover 4b or the like that is attached to the rear end via the left and right links 54 and 54. It can be used. In the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the sub rods 9 and 9 have been omitted. However, as shown in FIG. 1, the sub rods 9 may be attached to the left and right sides to restrain the rear cover 4 from swinging to some extent.
[0015]
9, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 show an embodiment of the present invention, which is an embodiment provided with one tillage control sensor, and will be described below. As described in detail in the first embodiment, a central metal fitting 31 is provided at the center of the rear end of the main cover 3 in the left-right direction, and the main rod 8 extending rearward from the swinging support portion 7 attached to the central metal fitting 31. The left and right main frames 35, 35 of the rear cover 4 are attached to the rear ends of the bifurcated branches 8a, 8a. The distance between the main cover 3 and the rear cover 4 is connected by the elastic plate 6 and the left and right end portions of the main cover 3 and the rear cover 4 are connected by the sub rods 9 and 9 to restrain the swing of the rear cover 4 to some extent. Like to do.
[0016]
At the time of tillage work, the rear end grounding surface of the rear cover 4 moves up and down depending on the amount of tillage mud soil, and this up and down movement is measured by a central potentiometer 55 which is a rotary angle sensor. The rear cover of the conventional product is attached to the main cover with a hinge, so that only the vertical angle fluctuation occurs, and the potentiometer is installed at any position in the width direction as long as it is the rear end of the main cover. Even accurately detected the angle. Since the rear cover 4 of the present invention changes its angle in all directions with the swing support portion 7 as the swing center, a central potentiometer 55 is attached in the vicinity of the swing support portion 7 so as not to cause an error as far as the detection angle. It is. That is, the axis of the central potentiometer 55 is aligned with the center of the fixed plate 56 on the frame side so that the axis of the central potentiometer 55 is aligned on the virtual extension shaft center that is substantially the same as the shaft 34 such as a bolt or pin that attaches the swing support portion 7 to the central metal fitting 31 in the left-right direction. The case body of the potentiometer 55 is fixed, and an arm 58 is attached to a rotating shaft 57 that penetrates the fixing plate 56 from the case body and protrudes outward. The projecting tip of the arm 58 is bent in the axial direction, and the operating surfaces 60 and 60 of the tip of the swing plate 59 projecting integrally from the main rod 8 are brought into contact with and engaged with the front and rear surfaces of the bent part 61. Of the movement of the rear cover 4, only the movement in which the rear end grounding surface of the central portion in the left-right direction of the rear cover 4 moves up and down with respect to the ground is taken out via the swing plate 59. The movement of the main rod 8 in the left-right direction when viewed from the rear side does not move the rotating shaft 57 of the central potentiometer 55 because the operating surfaces 60 and 60 slide away from the front and rear surfaces of the bent portion 61 of the arm 58. As described above, since the raising / lowering angle of the rear cover 4 can be detected for plowing depth control with a single central potentiometer 55 in the vicinity of the swing support portion 7, for example, when the rotary tiller 5 rises to the ground and the plowing depth becomes shallower. Since the excavation mud is reduced and the rear cover 4 hangs downward with respect to the main cover 3, when the angle change is detected and the lift arm 20 provided on the agricultural tractor body 40 is lowered, the rotary tiller 5 is lowered. The plowing depth can be increased, and a plowing depth sensor that controls the plowing depth control to a target depth that is always set as automatic control can be easily obtained.
[0017]
FIG. 12 shows an embodiment provided with two sensors for plowing depth control. First, a rough point will be described. In the present invention, the rear cover 4 swings left and right in the rolling direction with the swing support portion 7 at the tip of the main rod 8 as the swing center with respect to the main cover 3 when viewed from the back. The angle at which the right end hangs down to the ground side differs between left and right when excavating via a horizontal control mechanism (not shown) while traveling along a contoured surface or an inclined ground along a contour line. Different angles on the left and right sides of the rear cover 4 are detected by left and right potentiometers 62 and 63 which are left and right side angle sensors respectively attached to the left and right sides of the rotary tiller 5. Then, by performing arithmetic processing with a CPU (not shown), for example, when the excavation work is performed by averaging the detection values of the left and right potentiometers 62 and 63, the same control as the central potentiometer 55 shown in FIG. When the rolling control is performed so that the detected angle of 63 becomes the same angle, the rotary tiller 5 performs the tilling control in parallel with the ground surface and excavation work can be performed.
[0018]
The conventional rolling control of the rotary tiller 5 will be briefly described. The rotary tiller 5 suspends left and right lift arms 20, 20 provided on an agricultural tractor body 40 and left and right lower links 14, 14 of three-point links via left and right lift rods 19, 19. One of the lift rods 19 is used as a telescopic telescopic device such as a hydraulic cylinder or a geared motor, and the right / left tilt angle of the airframe 40 is measured by a rolling sensor disposed in the airframe 40, and the tilt angle is canceled out. Automatic horizontal control that automatically adjusts the lift rod 19 in the direction so that the rotary tiller 5 is always in a horizontal state with respect to the direction of gravity of the earth, and the right and left tilt angles by manually operating the setting device at hand. It is possible to perform automatic tilt control that keeps the work implement tilted according to the designation, but the standard is always only correction for the direction of the earth's gravity. Was Tsu.
[0019]
The rolling control shown in FIG. 12 can perform excavation work in which the rotary tiller 5 is controlled in parallel with the surface of the ground in addition to the conventional horizontal control. Depending on the unevenness of the terrain, it can be plowed and drilled with the same unevenness and can be used for cultivating the field. Specifically, the left and right potentiometers 62 and 63 are arranged in the vicinity of the side fitting 32 provided on the main cover 3 for attaching the front end portions of the sub rods 9 and 9 disposed on the left and right sides of the rear cover 4, respectively. The arm 64 having one end attached to the rotating shaft of the potentiometers 62 and 63 and the metal fitting 65 projecting from the front end portion of the sub rod 9 are connected by the interlocking rod 66 so that the vertical swing angle of the sub rod 9 is increased. Are independently detected by the left and right potentiometers 62 and 63.
[0020]
FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of an elastic plate that closes the distance between the main cover 3 and the rear cover 4. The elastic plate body 67 shown in FIG. 13 has the front upper edge attached to the rear end portion of the main cover 3 through other fasteners such as bolts and nuts as in the other cases. The rear end portion extends long to the ground leveling plane near the rear end portion of the rear cover 4 and the rear end portion of the elastic plate 67 and the rear cover 4 are not locked and are free. The oscillating blade 1, 1,. . Since the elastic plate body 67 receives the scattered mud from the side, it has a mud repellent effect that mud does not adhere directly.
[0021]
[Effects of the invention]
In the present invention, the rear cover (4) is connected to the main cover (3) in the front-rear direction via the elastic plate (6). Therefore, when a lump collides with a part of the rear cover (4), the elastic plate (6 ) Is absorbed, and the rear cover (4) is not connected to the upper and lower ends of the lower end edge, so that it becomes difficult to cause a change in leveling posture due to the collision of the clot.
[0022]
The rear cover (4) is pivotally connected to the main cover (3) by a main rod (8) supported at the center in the left-right direction by a swingable swing support (7). However, since the left and right sub rods (9, 9) are connected to the both sides so as to be swingable only in the vertical direction, the rear cover (4) is connected to the swing support portion (7) at the front end of the main rod (8). As the swing center, it can move easily in any direction, but the movement beyond a certain level is restricted by the sub rod (9). (4) does not touch the rotating tillage blade (1, 1 ...) and break.
Further, when the vertical movement of the rear cover (4) is measured by the angle sensor (55), the angle changes in all directions around the swing support portion (7), but the rear cover (4) moves in the rear cover (4). 4) Only the movement of the rear end grounding surface of the central portion in the left-right direction moving up and down with respect to the ground can be taken out via the rocking plate (59) and the arm (58). The angle of the rear cover (4) can be detected by the single angle sensor (55) for plowing depth control, and an error is not generated as much as possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the entire rotary tiller, partially cut away.
FIG. 2 is an overall side view in which a cultivator having a cross section of a rear cover portion is attached to the rear portion of the machine.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a main part.
4 is a side view of the AA section of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a B arrow view of the push-pull rod portion of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a second example of a rear cover mounting portion.
FIG. 7 is a second example of a rear cover.
FIG. 8 is a third example of a rear cover.
FIG. 9 is an overall perspective view when one plowing depth sensor is provided.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a plan view of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is an overall perspective view when two tilling depth sensors are provided.
FIG. 13 is a side view showing another composition example of the elastic plate member.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tillage blade 2 Tillage pipe 3 Main cover 4 Rear cover 5 Rotary tiller 6 Elastic plate 7 Swing support part 8 Main rod 9 Subrod 10 Shaft attachment 55 Angle sensor (potentiometer)
57 Rotating shaft
58 arms
59 Swing plate

Claims (1)

The top of the tillage pipe (2) to which a plurality of tillage blades (1, 1 ...) is attached is covered with a main cover (3), and a rear cover (4) is provided with a space behind the main cover (3). The main cover (3) and the rear cover (4) are integrally connected with a wide elastic plate (6), and a horizontal shaft (34) is provided at the left and right center of the rear end of the main cover (3 ). The main rod (8) protrudes rearward from the swinging support portion (7) provided so as to be swingable with respect to the rear cover (4), and the rear cover (4) is attached to the protruding end portion. In the rotary tilling device connected via the sub rod (9) with the upper and lower ends pivotally attached (10) between the left and right sides of the end and the rear cover (4 ), substantially the same virtual extension as the left and right axis (34) By aligning the axis of the rotation axis (57) of the angle sensor (55) on the axis, the angle sensor (55 Is attached to the main cover (3), and the rotation shaft (57) of the angle sensor (55) is interlocked with the vertical movement of the main rod (8) but is not interlocked with the horizontal movement of the rear view. In the vicinity of the support portion (7), the swing plate (59) on the main rod (8) side and the arm (58) on the rotating shaft (57) side are linked to measure the vertical movement of the rear cover (4). Rotary tillage device.

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