JP3800012B2 - Control system for generators for series hybrid electric vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a control system for a generator for a series hybrid electric vehicle. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for controlling a generator used in a series hybrid electric vehicle that travels while charging a battery using an engine generator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The series hybrid electric vehicle is driven with only the generator output as a power source during light loads such as normal driving, while charging while the battery capacity is low. The motor is driven by using the machine output and the battery output as power sources.
Further, the engine generator adjusts the output while changing the rotational speed in accordance with the output required for traveling so as to improve the fuel consumption.
[0003]
The configuration of such a series hybrid electric vehicle power generation system is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the throttle position a of an electronic throttle (ETV) 05 provided in the engine (E / G) 06 is output to an engine controller (ECU) 01, and fuel injection control for the engine 06 is performed by the engine controller 01. Then, ignition control b is performed.
[0004]
Here, the throttle opening degree instruction c from the vehicle controller (VCU) 04 to the throttle valve controller (TVC) 02 is set from the vehicle controller 04 to the generator controller (GCU) so that the engine rotation can ensure a predetermined generator output. ) Set according to the generator output instruction e to 03, but the throttle control d to the electronic throttle 05 by the throttle valve controller 02 and the generator output control f to the generator (G) 07 by the generator controller 03 Are independent of each other.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the prior art, the throttle control d and the generator output control f are controlled independently of each other. Therefore, when the generator load suddenly increases, it is difficult to rotate the engine so that a predetermined output can be obtained. It may not reach.
The object of the present invention has been made in view of the above prior art, and can perform throttle control and generator output control at the same time, can respond smoothly to sudden changes in the generator load, temperature conditions on the generator side, etc. This proposes a control system for a series hybrid electric vehicle generator that can perform throttle control in accordance with the limit value even if an output limit occurs, and can continue operation without reducing the efficiency of the power generation system.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  A control system for a generator for a series hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1 of the present invention that achieves such an object is as follows. The generator is driven by an engine, and the battery is charged by the output of the generator. In a series hybrid electric vehicle that drives a traveling motor by the output and the discharge output of the battery, the throttle opening command value from the throttle valve controller to the electronic throttle is from the generator controller to the generator.An upper limit value of the target throttle opening is set such that the target generator rotational speed corresponding to the generator output command value is obtained, a target generator rotational speed is set according to the generator output command value, and the generator output The command value is limited by the generator characteristics, and the deviation between the target generator rotation speed and the detected generator rotation speed is input and set by proportional integral control.It is characterized by that.
[0008]
  Claims of the invention that achieve the above objectives2The control system for the series hybrid electric vehicle generatorIn a series hybrid electric vehicle in which a generator is driven by an engine, and a battery is charged by the output of the generator, and a traveling motor is driven by the output of the generator and the discharge output of the battery, from a throttle valve controller to an electronic throttle The throttle opening command value of the generator from the generator controller to the generatorThe throttle opening is set so that the target generator rotation speed according to the generator output command value is obtained, the target generator rotation speed is set according to the generator output command value, and the generator output command value is generated. Limit by machine characteristics, input the deviation between the target generator rotation speed and the detected generator rotation speed,By processing to correct the throttle opening relative to the steady state of the throttle opening setting deviceIt is characterized by setting.
[0009]
  Claims of the invention that achieve the above objectives3The control system of the generator for the series hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1 is as follows.Or 2The generator output command value is divided by the generator efficiency to be converted into an engine output command, and the generator efficiency is determined based on the preset efficiency map and the generator output command and the generator rotation speed. And the generator output command value is limited by the generator characteristics, and the throttle opening is set so that the target engine rotation speed according to the engine output command is obtained. The value is set to a steady state.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The following examples are based on the following conditions 1 to 5.
1. The generator load and the throttle opening are simultaneously controlled so that the target engine rotation speed (generator rotation speed) is obtained in response to the generator output command.
2. Since the generator and the engine are connected by a gear, the engine speed is set to the generator speed by considering the gear ratio.
3. The generator is a permanent magnet type synchronous generator.
4). The generator output characteristics include constant voltage operation that keeps the generator output voltage constant at light loads such as constant speed running, and constant output operation that keeps the generator output constant at heavy loads such as sudden acceleration. Realize characteristics suitable for driving series hybrid electric vehicles.
5). The converter main circuit employs the same control current source voltage type inverter as the motor control, and is controlled by the asynchronous sine wave approximate PWM method.
[0011]
[Example 1]
FIG. 1 shows a control block of the generator for a series hybrid electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The control block of the present embodiment has a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*At the same time that the output of the generator G is controlled by the throttle opening instruction value V^*Is output.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 1, the throttle opening upper limit setter 1 has a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*Target throttle opening upper limit value V so that the target generator rotational speed according to_-LIMSet.
The upper limit V of the target throttle opening set here_-LIMIs used as a limit value for PI (proportional integral) control of throttle opening.
[0013]
The target generator rotation speed setting device 2 generates a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*Set the target generator speed according to.
The target generator rotational speed set here is the generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*On the other hand, a preset efficiency map is used so that the engine speed and the generator efficiency are good generator rotation speeds.
[0014]
The generator output limit device 3 has a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*Is limited by the generator characteristics.
The generator characteristics set here are set in accordance with the engine output.
Since generator control responds faster than engine control, engine stall can be prevented by limiting the generator output (load) in advance.
[0015]
The throttle opening command value setter 4 receives the deviation Δωr between the target generator rotational speed set by the target generator rotational speed setter 2 and the detected generator rotational speed ωr, and instructs the throttle opening by PI control. Value V^*Set.
Here, the throttle opening instruction value V by PI control^*Is the upper limit value V of the target throttle opening set by the throttle opening upper limit setting device 1_-LIMTherefore, engine blow-up due to overshoot during PI control can be prevented.
[0016]
The limit gain controller 5 generates the generator output command limit value P according to the deviation Δωr between the target generator rotational speed set by the target generator rotational speed setter 2 and the detected generator rotational speed ωr._dc-LIMA limit gain G (G ≦ 1) for performing the adjustment is set.
By setting the limit gain G, the generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*The generator load is adjusted so that the transition to the target generator rotation speed set by the step can be smoothly performed.
[0017]
The generator output command adjuster 6 multiplies the generator output command value of the generator output limit device 3 by the limit gain G set by the limit gain controller 5 to generate the generator output command limit value P._dc-LIMAdjust.
Generator output command limit value P set here_dc-LIMIs used as a limit value for PI control of generator output.
[0018]
The generator output command value setter 7 is a constant voltage command value V_dc-ref ^*And battery voltage detection value V_bat-detDeviation of ΔV_dcAnd the generator output command value P by PI control_dc-refSet.
Here, generator output command value P by PI control_dc-refIs the generator output command limit value P set by the generator output command adjuster 6_dc-LIMThe constant output operation is performed.
Also, the generator output command value P by PI control_dc-refWhen is not limited, constant voltage operation is performed.
[0019]
The generator output command corrector 8 generates a generator output command value P set by PI control._dc-refAnd generator output detection value P_dc(Battery voltage detection value V_bat-detAnd generator output current detection value I_gen-detIs multiplied by the gain G, and the generator output command value P set by the PI control is multiplied._dc ^*Make corrections to. This gain adjustment is performed in accordance with the actual operation.
[0020]
The generator torque command converter 9 generates a generator output command value P so that the same control configuration as the motor control can be used._dc ^*Is divided by the generator rotational speed ωr (which is limited by the lower limit value) to generate the generator torque command value T^*Convert to
[0021]
The rated limit unit 10 is a generator torque command value T set by the generator torque command converter 9.^*Is limited by the rated torque characteristics and temperature conditions, and the final generator shaft torque command value is created.
[0022]
The current command value calculator 11 receives the generator shaft torque command value created by the rating limit unit 10 and the motor rotation speed ωr as an input, and receives an optimum current command value (I_d ^*, I_q ^*) Is calculated.
[0023]
The current control system 12 is performed in a synchronous rotation coordinate (dq coordinate) system, and a current command value (I_d ^*, I_q ^*) To the detected value (I_d, I_q) To perform a feedback calculation so that the voltage command value (V_d ^*, V_d ^*) Is output.
[0024]
The coordinate conversion unit 13 performs mutual conversion between control coordinates (dq coordinates) that rotate in synchronization with the position detection value θ ′ and actual three-phase AC coordinates.
In this coordinate conversion unit 13, the two-phase portion (I_u, I_w) Is the current (I_d, I_q),
Similarly, the voltage command value (V_d ^*, V_q ^*) Is the three-phase AC voltage command value (V_u ^*, V_v ^*, V_w ^*) And output as a control command value.
[0025]
The RD conversion unit 14 performs position detection and speed detection processing of a signal from a resolver (magnetic pole position detector) attached to the generator G.
This location may be changed when an optical encoder is used.
[0026]
The generator G is connected to an engine (not shown) through a gear, and the output of the engine is charged to a battery (not shown).
Further, a travel motor (not shown) is driven by the output of the generator G and the discharge output of the battery.
In FIG. 1, a portion surrounded by a dotted line is a portion processed by software.
[0027]
As described above, according to the control system of the present embodiment, the two functions of the generator controller and the throttle valve controller 2 described in the above-mentioned section of the prior art are provided and provided from the vehicle controller. Generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*At the same time as controlling the output of the generator by means of the throttle opening instruction value V to the electronic throttle provided in the engine^*To control this.
In other words, according to the present embodiment, since throttle control and generator output control can be performed simultaneously, it is possible to respond smoothly to sudden changes in the generator load, even if an output limit occurs due to temperature conditions on the generator side, etc. Since the throttle control according to the limit value can be performed, the operation can be continued without reducing the efficiency of the power generation system.
[0028]
[Example 2]
A control block of the series hybrid electric vehicle generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
The control block of the present embodiment has a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*At the same time that the output of the generator G is controlled by the throttle opening instruction value V^*Is output.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 2, the throttle opening setting device 21 has a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*Throttle opening V so that the target generator speed according to₀Set.
Throttle opening V set here₀Is a value at which the generator rotational speed becomes a steady state.
[0030]
The target generator rotation speed setting device 2 generates a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*Set the target generator speed according to.
The target generator rotational speed set here is the generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*On the other hand, a preset efficiency map is used so that the engine speed and the generator efficiency are good generator rotation speeds.
[0031]
The generator output limit device 3 has a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*Is limited by the generator characteristics.
The generator characteristics set here are set in accordance with the engine output.
Since generator control responds faster than engine control, engine stall can be prevented by limiting the generator output (load) in advance.
[0032]
The throttle opening command value setter 24 receives the deviation Δωr between the target generator rotation speed set by the target generator rotation speed setter 2 and the detected generator rotation speed ωr, and instructs the throttle opening by PI control. Set the value. For PI control, a limit width is set so that the engine rotation does not vary much.
The instruction value set here is a process for correcting the throttle opening instruction with respect to the steady state of the throttle opening setting device 21.
[0033]
The limit gain controller 5 generates the generator output command limit value P according to the deviation Δωr between the target generator rotational speed set by the target generator rotational speed setter 2 and the detected generator rotational speed ωr._dc-LIMA limit gain G (G ≦ 1) for performing the adjustment is set.
By setting the limit gain G, the generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*The generator load is adjusted so that the transition to the target generator rotation speed set by the step can be smoothly performed.
[0034]
The generator output command adjuster 6 multiplies the generator output command value of the generator output limit device 3 by the limit gain G set by the limit gain controller 5 to generate the generator output command limit value P._dc-LIMAdjust.
Generator output command limit value P set here_dc-LIMIs used as a limit value for PI control of generator output.
[0035]
The generator output command value setter 7 is a constant voltage command value V_dc-ref ^*And battery voltage detection value V_bat-detDeviation of ΔV_dcAnd the generator output command value P by PI control_dc-refSet.
Here, generator output command value P by PI control_dc-refIs the generator output command limit value P set by the generator output command adjuster 6_dc-LIMThe constant output operation is performed.
Also, the generator output command value P by PI control_dc-refWhen is not limited, constant voltage operation is performed.
[0036]
The generator output command corrector 8 generates a generator output command value P set by PI control._dc-refAnd generator output detection value P_dc(Battery voltage detection value V_bat-detAnd generator output current detection value I_gen-detIs multiplied by the gain G, and the generator output command value P set by the PI control is multiplied._dc ^*Make corrections to. This gain adjustment is performed in accordance with the actual operation.
[0037]
The generator torque command converter 9 generates a generator output command value P so that the same control configuration as the motor control can be used._dc ^*Is divided by the generator rotational speed ωr (which is limited by the lower limit value) to generate the generator torque command value T^*Convert to
[0038]
The rated limit unit 10 is a generator torque command value T set by the generator torque command converter 9.^*Is limited by the rated torque characteristics and temperature conditions, and the final generator shaft torque command value is created.
[0039]
The current command value calculator 11 receives the generator shaft torque command value created by the rating limit unit 10 and the motor rotation speed ωr as an input, and receives an optimum current command value (I_d ^*, I_q ^*) Is calculated.
[0040]
The current control system 12 is performed in a synchronous rotation coordinate (dq coordinate) system, and a current command value (I_d ^*, I_q ^*) To the detected value (I_d, I_q) To perform a feedback calculation so that the voltage command value (V_d ^*, V_d ^*) Is output.
[0041]
The coordinate conversion unit 13 performs mutual conversion between control coordinates (dq coordinates) that rotate in synchronization with the position detection value θ ′ and actual three-phase AC coordinates.
In this coordinate conversion unit 13, the two-phase portion (I_u, I_w) Is the current (I_d, I_q),
Similarly, the voltage command value (V_d ^*, V_q ^*) Is the three-phase AC voltage command value (V_u ^*, V_v ^*, V_w ^*) And output as a control command value.
[0042]
The RD conversion unit 14 performs position detection and speed detection processing of a signal from a resolver (magnetic pole position detector) attached to the generator G.
This location may be changed when an optical encoder is used.
The generator G is connected to an engine (not shown) through a gear, and the output of the engine is charged to a battery (not shown).
Further, a travel motor (not shown) is driven by the output of the generator G and the discharge output of the battery.
In FIG. 2, a portion surrounded by a dotted line is a portion processed by software.
[0043]
As described above, according to the control system of the present embodiment, the two functions of the generator controller and the throttle valve controller 2 described in the above-mentioned section of the prior art are provided and provided from the vehicle controller. Generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*At the same time as controlling the output of the generator by means of the throttle opening instruction value V to the electronic throttle provided in the engine^*To control this.
In other words, according to the present embodiment, since throttle control and generator output control can be performed simultaneously, it is possible to respond smoothly to sudden changes in the generator load, even if an output limit occurs due to temperature conditions on the generator side, etc. Since the throttle control according to the limit value can be performed, the operation can be continued without reducing the efficiency of the power generation system.
[0044]
Example 3
FIG. 3 shows a control block of a series hybrid electric vehicle generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The control block of the present embodiment has a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*At the same time that the output of the generator G is controlled by the throttle opening instruction value V^*Is output.
[0045]
As shown in FIG. 3, the engine output converter 31 has a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*Is divided by the generator efficiency (total efficiency) η to obtain the engine output command P_egConvert to
[0046]
The generator efficiency calculator 32 generates a generator output command P based on a preset efficiency map._dc-ref ^*And the generator efficiency (total efficiency) η is calculated from the generator rotational speed ωr.
[0047]
The generator output limit device 3 has a generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*Is limited by the generator characteristics.
The generator characteristics set here are set in accordance with the engine output.
Since generator control responds faster than engine control, engine stall can be prevented by limiting the generator output (load) in advance.
[0048]
The throttle opening setting device 34 is an engine output command P set by the engine output converter 31._egThe throttle opening is set so that the target engine speed according to the engine speed is obtained.
The throttle opening set here is set to a value at which the engine speed becomes a steady state.
[0049]
The engine rotation speed setting unit 35 sets a target engine rotation speed according to the engine output command. The target engine rotation speed set here uses an efficiency map set in advance so that the engine output command has a rotation speed with good engine efficiency.
[0050]
The throttle opening command value setter 36 receives the deviation Δωr between the target engine speed set by the engine speed setter 35 and the detected engine speed (generator speed) ωr, and opens the throttle by PI control. Set the degree indication value.
For PI control, a limit width is set so that the engine rotation does not vary much.
The instruction value set here is a process for correcting the throttle opening instruction with respect to the steady state of the throttle opening setting device 34.
[0051]
The limit gain controller 5 generates the generator output command limit value P according to the deviation Δωr between the target generator rotational speed set by the target generator rotational speed setter 2 and the detected generator rotational speed ωr._dc-LIMA limit gain G (G ≦ 1) for performing the adjustment is set.
By setting the limit gain G, the generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*The generator load is adjusted so that the transition to the target generator rotation speed set by the step can be smoothly performed.
[0052]
The generator output command adjuster 6 multiplies the generator output command value of the generator output limit device 3 by the limit gain G set by the limit gain controller 5 to generate the generator output command limit value P._dc-LIMAdjust.
Generator output command limit value P set here_dc-LIMIs used as a limit value for PI control of generator output.
[0053]
The generator output command value setter 7 is a constant voltage command value V_dc-ref ^*And battery voltage detection value V_bat-detDeviation of ΔV_dcAnd the generator output command value P by PI control_dc-refSet.
Here, generator output command value P by PI control_dc-refIs the generator output command limit value P set by the generator output command adjuster 6_dc-LIMThe constant output operation is performed.
Also, the generator output command value P by PI control_dc-refWhen is not limited, constant voltage operation is performed.
[0054]
The generator output command corrector 8 generates a generator output command value P set by PI control._dc-refAnd generator output detection value P_dc(Battery voltage detection value V_bat-detAnd generator output current detection value I_gen-detIs multiplied by the gain G, and the generator output command value P set by the PI control is multiplied._dc ^*Make corrections to. This gain adjustment is performed in accordance with the actual operation.
[0055]
The generator torque command converter 9 generates a generator output command value P so that the same control configuration as the motor control can be used._dc ^*Is divided by the generator rotational speed ωr (which is limited by the lower limit value) to generate the generator torque command value T^*Convert to
[0056]
The rated limit unit 10 is a generator torque command value T set by the generator torque command converter 9.^*Is limited by the rated torque characteristics and temperature conditions, and the final generator shaft torque command value is created.
[0057]
The current command value calculator 11 receives the generator shaft torque command value created by the rating limit unit 10 and the motor rotation speed ωr as an input, and receives an optimum current command value (I_d ^*, I_q ^*) Is calculated.
[0058]
The current control system 12 is performed in a synchronous rotation coordinate (dq coordinate) system, and a current command value (I_d ^*, I_q ^*) To the detected value (I_d, I_q) To perform a feedback calculation so that the voltage command value (V_d ^*, V_d ^*) Is output.
[0059]
The coordinate conversion unit 13 performs mutual conversion between control coordinates (dq coordinates) that rotate in synchronization with the position detection value θ ′ and actual three-phase AC coordinates.
In this coordinate conversion unit 13, the two-phase portion (I_u, I_w) Is the current (I_d, I_q),
Similarly, the voltage command value (V_d ^*, V_q ^*) Is the three-phase AC voltage command value (V_u ^*, V_v ^*, V_w ^*) And output as a control command value.
[0060]
The RD conversion unit 14 performs position detection and speed detection processing of a signal from a resolver (magnetic pole position detector) attached to the generator G.
This location may be changed when an optical encoder is used.
The generator G is connected to an engine (not shown) through a gear, and the output of the engine is charged to a battery (not shown).
Further, a travel motor (not shown) is driven by the output of the generator G and the discharge output of the battery.
In FIG. 3, a portion surrounded by a dotted line is a portion processed by software.
[0061]
As described above, according to the control system of the present embodiment, the two functions of the generator controller and the throttle valve controller 2 described in the above-mentioned section of the prior art are provided and provided from the vehicle controller. Generator output command value P_dc-ref ^*At the same time as controlling the output of the generator by means of the throttle opening instruction value V to the electronic throttle provided in the engine^*To control this.
In other words, according to the present embodiment, since throttle control and generator output control can be performed simultaneously, it is possible to respond smoothly to sudden changes in the generator load, even if an output limit occurs due to temperature conditions on the generator side, etc. Since the throttle control according to the limit value can be performed, the operation can be continued without reducing the efficiency of the power generation system.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
As described above based on the embodiments, according to the present invention, since throttle control and generator output control can be performed simultaneously, it is possible to smoothly cope with sudden changes in generator load.
Further, even if an output limit occurs due to a temperature condition on the generator side, etc., throttle control can be performed in accordance with the limit value, so that the operation can be continued without reducing the efficiency of the power generation system.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of a series hybrid electric vehicle generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a series hybrid electric vehicle generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of a series hybrid electric vehicle generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional power generation system for a series hybrid electric vehicle.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Throttle opening upper limit setting device
2 Target generator speed setting device
3 Generator output limiter
4 Throttle opening command value setter
5 Limit gain controller
6 Generator output command adjuster
7 Generator output command value setter
8 Generator output command corrector
9 Generator torque command converter
10 Rated limit section
11 Current command value calculator
12 Current control system
13 Coordinate converter
14 RD converter
21 Throttle opening setting device
24 Throttle opening command value setter
31 Engine power converter
32 Generator efficiency calculator
34 Throttle opening setting device
35 Engine speed setting device
36 Throttle opening command value setter
01 Engine controller (ECU)
02 Throttle valve controller (TVC)
03 Generator controller (GCU)
04 Vehicle controller (VCU)
05 Electronic throttle (ETV)
06 Engine (E / G)
07 Generator (G)
a Throttle position
b Fuel injection control, ignition control
c Throttle opening instruction
d Throttle control
e Generator output instruction
f Generator control

Claims (3)

In a series hybrid electric vehicle in which a generator is driven by an engine, and a battery is charged by the output of the generator, and a traveling motor is driven by the output of the generator and the discharge output of the battery, from a throttle valve controller to an electronic throttle The throttle opening command value is set to an upper limit value of the target throttle opening so that the target generator rotational speed corresponding to the generator output command value from the generator controller to the generator is set. The generator output command value is set according to the generator, the generator output command value is limited by the generator characteristics, the deviation between the target generator rotation speed and the detected generator rotation speed is input, and proportional integral control is performed. A control system for a series hybrid electric vehicle generator characterized by setting . In a series hybrid electric vehicle in which a generator is driven by an engine, and a battery is charged by the output of the generator, and a traveling motor is driven by the output of the generator and the discharge output of the battery, from a throttle valve controller to an electronic throttle The throttle opening command value is set to a target throttle rotational speed so as to achieve a target generator rotational speed corresponding to the generator output command value from the generator controller to the generator, and the target according to the generator output command value. Set the generator rotation speed, limit the generator output command value with the generator characteristics, input the deviation between the target generator rotation speed and the detected generator rotation speed, and set the throttle opening by proportional integral control series and sets the processing such as the correction of the throttle opening for steady state vessels Control system of the hybrid electric vehicle power generator. By dividing the generator output command value in the generator efficiency, and converts the engine output command, the generator efficiency is based on the efficiency map set pre Me, calculated from the generator rotational speed and the generator output command Then, the generator output command value is limited by the generator characteristics, and a throttle opening is set so that the target engine rotation speed according to the engine output command is obtained. 3. A control system for a generator for a series hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that:

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